[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] kimkat0991e Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia. To what extent was Welsh holding its ground in such and such a place in such and such a year? A list of place names with quotes from various writers at various times. "Crucywel (Crickhowell) 1878 - At Crickhowel, on the Usk, it is spoken only by old people, and Welsh services are no longer heard in the Parish Church, though still continued for Dissenting chapels. The neighbouring parish of Llangenny has become completely Anglicised."
14-07-2022
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Gwefan
Cymru-Catalonia
Obsrvations on
the Welsh Lamguage. Where
Welsh is and was spoken.Observations on the Welsh language in villages and
towns in Wales and in Welsh settlements abroad, especially in the 1800’s.
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To what
extent was Welsh holding its ground in such and such a year at such and such a
place?
Observations on the Welsh language in villages
and towns in Wales and beyond
(1) The items are
to be found under the Welsh name of a place;
(2) English names are cross-referenced to the Welsh name (Newport: see
Casnewydd)
(3) usually the present county name (post-1996) has been given (Llanidloes,
county of Powys)
(4) the year in which the observation was made follows the place name.
(5) The source of the item quoted is given, or else a link is added to a page
within our website with the original article
(6) Our comments are added between braces {....}
(7) Items in Welsh are followed by an English translation
Abergavenny: See Y Fenni
===
Aberhafesp, county of Powys 1878
Aberhafesp 20 per cent {i.e. in 1878 20% of the population of Aberhafesp
spoke Welsh}
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at 0805e kimkat0805e
===
Aberhonddu, county of Powys (= "Brecon") 1822
This town contains many Dissenters, and they have four places of worship,
which are well attended; the service is mostly in Welsh, except among the
Wesleyans. In the churches the service is generally English, in St. Mary's
entirely so, and in St. John's and St. David's alternately. Here, as in some
other towns of South Wales, the English language has increased of late,
although it cannot be admitted, that the Welsh has diminished to the extent
that has been affirmed, though it has few admirers among the more respectable
part of the inhabitants... I remain, Sir, With great respect, IEUAN. (Editor's
Footnote: "We regret to hear this unnational account of the good people of
Brecon, but hope, that the ensuing Eisteddvod will introduce our native tongue
a little more to their favour- ED.) The Cambro-Briton, Volume 3, 1822. Page
470.
===
Aberhonddu, county of Powys (= "Brecon") 1859
THE DECLINE OF THE WELSH LAN- GrAGE
IN BRECON.—The writer has seen the following petition presented to the late
Rev. Rees Price. B.D.. Vicar of St. David's, Brecon, on October 26th, 1859: —
Dear Sir. — We the undersigned
inhabitants of the parish of S. David and members of your congregation, desire
to represent to you our wish for the discontinuance of the fortnightly Welsh
Service hitherto held in the College Church, and that henceforth the ordinary
morning and evening services on Sundavs in the new parish church of St. David's
be performed in the English language. It is our opinion that the necessity no
longer exists for the Welsh service above mentioned, and indeed many of us by
our non-acquaintance with the Welsh language, are thereby prevented from
attending our parish church on such occasions. Trusting yon may be pleased to
comply with our request. We remain, dear sir, yours, etc.,
Wm. Pearce (churchwarden).
Wm. Williams, junr. (churchwarden),
Wm. Stead Probert.
Howell Watkins.
Jno. Bridgwater.
J. Lazenby, (Gov. Co. Gaol.)
A. M. Lazenby.
Evan Lewis.
Mary Lewis.
Wm. Williams, senr.
Elizabeth Williams.
John Hughes.
Margaret Hughes.
Mary Watkins.
John Williams.
Ann Davies.
Thos. Williams.
Jane Watkins.
Mary Lewis.
William Lewis.
Emma Lewis.
Evan Powell.
Elizabeth Powell.
Roger Powell.
Jane Powell.
Jane Foster.
Evan Jones.
Wm. Griffiths.
Elizabeth Griffiths.
Rees Morgan.
Sarah Morgan.
Thomas Prosser.
Walter Jones.
Margaret Jones.
David Probert.
David Thomas.
Charles Parkins.
J. D. Williams.
Maria Jones.
Ann Crisp.
Thomas Watkins.
Thos. Jones.
David Williams.
(delwedd J6733)
===
Aberhonddu, county of Powys (=
"Brecon") 1878
Brecknock {Aberhonddu} , the capital, in the very centre
of the country, has become a fourth focus {after Llanfair ym Muallt
("Builth Wells"), Y Gelligandryll ("Hay on Wye") and Y
Fenni ("Abergavenny")}, whence English spreads in all directions. It is used there only by the
older people, and declining rapidly.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Aberhonddu, county of Powys (=
"Brecon") 1910
Yn
Aberhonddu sieryd y rhieni Gymraeg, a'r plant Saesneg. Yr wyf wedi crwydro
llawer hyd y cymoedd prydferth o amgylch y dref hon, sydd ar lawer cyfrif y
dlysaf yng Nghymru. Nis gwn am un ardal yn meddu Cymraeg mor bur a llenyddol,
byddaf yn wastad yn hoffi ei glywed; ond, heb ddeffro, collir ef o lannau'r
Wysg cyn diwedd y ganrif ieuanc hon. Y mae pobl cymoedd Aberhonddu yn bobl
ddeallgar, hoff o wybodaeth; ond tyf eu plant o'u hamgylch yn gymharol amddifad
o'u meddylgarwch a'u chwilfrydedd hwy. Ychydig o gyfarwyddyd, a deffry'r bobl i
weled y cam y mae'r plant yn gael. Apelier atynt, esbonier iddynt gymaint
allent wneyd, a blodeua'r Gymraeg eto yn hen ardaloedd John Penry a Theophilus
Evans.
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen 245.
OUR TRANSLATION: In Aberhonddu ("Brecon") the parents speak Welsh, and
the children English. I've walked a good deal through the beautiful valleys
around the town, in many ways the prettiest in Wales. I don't know of any
district in Wales which has such pure and literary Welsh, I always like to hear
it; but without an awakening it will be lost from the banks of the Wysg
("Usk") before the end of this young century. The people of the
valleys of Aberhonddu are an intelligent people, fond of learning; but their
children grow up around them lacking in comparison their keen thinking and
their intellectual curiosity. A bit of instruction, and the people will wake up
to see the disservice they are doing to the children. Let us appeal to them,
and explain to them how much they could do, and the Welsh language will
flourish again in the old districts of John Penry a Theophilus Evans. "I
Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol", (= "to restore the old language")
Cymru, Volume 38, Mai 1910, page 246.
[6] 
(delwedd 7380)
===
Aberllynfi, county of Powys (= "Three Cocks") 1878
Hay, on the Hereford frontier, and the neighbouring parishes of Llanigon
and Aberllunvey, are likewise English, Welsh being spoken only by a few old
people and immigrants.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Abertawe, county of Abertawe
("Swansea") 1925
Anglicised Schools in Swansea. Changes Brought About by Housing Schemes. Hafod
Becomes English.
As recently as 20 years ago, Cwmbwrla, Manselton and the Hafod districts and
all the districts to the north and east of these were mainly Welsh. Today Hafod
has become English. Out of 1024 children, only 17 were reported as coming from
homes where Welsh was the home language. Manselton and Cwmbwrla were rapidly
following. At Manselton, out of 941 children, only 65, and at Cwmbwrla, out of 798
children, only 47 came from families where Welsh was the home language.
Mid-Glamorgan Herald, 7 November 1925.
===
Aberystwyth, county of Ceredigion 1878
Cardiganshire is Welsh throughout. Even at Aberystwyth, its principal town,
the services in 11 out of 16 places of worship are conducted in Welsh, and
though most of the inhabitants speak English, there are few who do not also
understand Welsh. But while Welsh is slowly losing ground there, it is said
firmly to maintain its hold upon the people throughout the rest of the county
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Bangor, county of Gwynedd 1878
In the town of Bangor, 3,500 persons speak Welsh only. English is employed
in one church and two small chapels, whilst the services in three large
churches and seven chapels are conducted in Welsh. The Board of Guardians, the
Vestry, and the two School Boards of the district, transact their business in
Welsh, and the circulation of the two weekly papers is four times that of their
two English contemporaries. In Bangor Welsh is spoken except by about 300
natives of England.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Bangor Is-coed, county of Wrecsam
("Bangor on Dee"), 1730 .
When Defoe visited Bangor Monachorum, about 1730, he failed to procure a
guide capable of giving the explanation required. At the present day (1878)
English alone is spoken.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Bangor on Dee = Bangor Is-coed
===
Bers, Y county of Wrecsam (=
Bersham) 1878
In the parishes of Bersham, Broughton, Brymbo, Minera, and Esclusham above
to the West of Wrexham, which have a total population of 13,250 souls, Welsh is
spoken by seven-eighths of the population, and English by the same number, but
further in the interior of the country, and more especially in those parts
which are at some distance from railroads, the knowledge of English is still very
limited, scarcely more than half of the inhabitants being able to express
themselves in it.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Bersham = Y Bers
===
Bishton = Trefesgob
===
Blaenau Gwent, county of Blaenau
Gwent c1900
The Welsh language was spoken in every parish of Monmouthshire down to the
early part of the 18th century, when it began to recede westward from the Wye.
During the latter half of the 19th century it finally disappeared from the
parishes east of the river Usk, and, in this county, is now practically
confined to the Blaenau Gwent (the West Monmouthshire hills) and the district
between Newport and Cardiff.
'Cardiff Records' (1889-1911) (John
Hobson Mathews, Mab Cernyw)
===
Y Bontnewydd ar Wy, county of Powys
("Newbridge on Wye") 1845
Ychydig o
enghreifftiau o brawf mor ynfyd yw y rhai a gymmerant arnynt fod yn dysgu y
Saesonaeg idd eu plant, pan yn gorfod arfer y cyfryw gymmysgfa a ganlyn, mal y
clywsom lawer o'r cyffyleb...
"Evan," meddai un hen ŵr wrth y Bontnewydd,
yn swydd Faesyfed, ag oedd yn tybied ei fod yn gryn dalp mewn gwybodaeth
Seisnig., "go, and fetch me the bar harn bach from
the beudy."
"Daid," meddai y bachgenyn, "which shall I bring from the beudy, the bar harn bach or the bar harn mawr?" Onid ydynt y cyfrai faldorddion ag
uchod yn ddigon i beri i Gymro wridaw gan gywilydd, am fod ei gydwladwyr yn
ymddwyn mor anweddaidd tuag at eu plant, gan ei dysgu i fod yn ffyliaid, ac yn
chwerthinfa gyffredin eu cymmdogion, am nad oes ganddynt eu hiaith gynhenid ac
nad ynt alluog i siarad un o'r ddwy iaith, na rhoddi atebiaid i estron-ddyn o
Sais na Chymro, mewn modd gweddaidd, yn yr iaith, (?), meddynt, y cawsant eu
haddysgu ynddi gan eu rhieni an wybodus a beilchion?"
At y Werin Weithyddwl Gymreig / Lythyr 1
/ Seren Gomer Ebrill 1845 / tudalen 108
OUR TRANSLATION: A few
examples of proof of how idiotic are those people who pretend to be teaching
English to their children, when they are obliged to use such a mixture as
follows, as we have heard many things of this kind:
'Evan,' says an old man by Bontnewydd (= Y Bontnewydd ar Wy,
"Newbridge on Wye"), in the county of Maesyfed
("Radnorshire"), who believed he had a great knowledge of English
("who believed he was a considerable portion in English knowledge").
"Go and fetch me the bar harn bach
from the beudy." "Father," said the
little lad, "which shall I bring from the beudy, the bar harn bach or the bar harn mawr?" Aren't such prattlers as the
ones above enough to cause a Welshman to blush with shame, since his compatriots
behave in such an unseemly way with their children, teaching them to be fools,
and a general laughing stock among their neighbours, because they do not have
their native language and they are not capable of talking either of the two
languages...
(1) bar harn,
literary Welsh = bar haearn, = iron bar;
(2) bar haearn bach = little iron bar,
(3) bar haearn mawr = big iron bar,
(4) beudy = cowhouse).
At y Werin Weithyddwl Gymreig / (= to the
Welsh working people) Lythyr 1 (= letter one), Seren Gomer (magazine = 'the
star of Gomer'), Ebrill (= April) 1845, tudalen (= page) 108
(delwedd J6727)
===
Y Bontnewydd ar Wy, county of Powys
("Newbridge on Wye") 1895
Dywed
John Jones... yn ei 'History of the Baptists in Radnorshire', a gyhoeddwyd yn
1895, yr arferid Cymraeg gan mwyaf yng nghapeli'r Dolau, Nantmel a'r
Bontnewydd-ar-Wy pan oedd ef yn blentyn ond 'now... Welsh... is not understood
in these places, except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalennau 95, 96
OUR TRANSLATION: John Jones says... in his 'History of the Baptists in
Radnorshire', published in 1895, Welsh was used mostly in the chapels of Y
Dolau, Nantmel and Bontnewydd-ar-Wy {'Newbridge on Wye'} when he was a child but 'now... Welsh... is
not understood in these places, except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, pages 95, 96
(delwedd J6729)
===
Brecon = Aberhonddu
===
Breconshire = Sir Frycheiniog
===
Brychdyn, county of Wrecsam 1878
In the parishes of Bersham, Broughton, Brymbo, Minera, and Esclusham above
to the West of Wrexham, which have a total population of 13,250 souls, Welsh is
spoken by seven-eighths of the population, and English by the same number, but
further in the interior of the country, and more especially in those parts
which are at some distance from railroads, the knowledge of English is still
very limited, scarcely more than half of the inhabitants being able to express
themselves in it.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Brymbo, county of Wrecsam 1878
In the parishes of Bersham, Broughton, Brymbo, Minera, and Esclusham above
to the West of Wrexham, which have a total population of 13,250 souls, Welsh is
spoken by seven-eighths of the population, and English by the same number, but
further in the interior of the country, and more especially in those parts
which are at some distance from railroads, the knowledge of English is still
very limited, scarcely more than half of the inhabitants being able to express
themselves in it.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Bryn-mawr, county of Blaenau Gwent 1878
The only large town {in Breconshire}
{became part
of Blaenau Gwent in 1974}
in which Welsh is spoken by a majority is Brynmawr {Bryn-mawr} , on the Monmouthshire frontier.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Builth, or Builth Wells, = Llanfair ym
Muallt
===
Caerffili, county of Caerffili
("Caerphilly") 2000
Ffyniant
y Gymraeg yng Nghaerffili. Penodwyd swyddog datblygu i Fenter Iaith Caerffili -
prin chwe mis ers i griw o bobl gwrdd am y tro cyntaf i sefydlu Menter Iaith yn
yr ardal. Yn ystod y misoedd diwethaf, bu pwyllgor rheoli'r fenter yn paratoi
ar gyfer y penodiad, sy'n gam ymlaen eto yn adfywiad y Gymraeg yn y
De-ddwyrain. Bydd Lowri Catrin Pugh sydd wedi ei geni a'i magu yn yr ardal, yn
cychwyn yn y swydd llawn amser, ddiwedd mis Gorffennaf. Daw o aelwyd
ddi-Gymraeg ond penderfynodd ei theulu ar addysg Gymraeg i'w plant, Aeth Lowri
i Gylch Meithrin Mudiad Ysgolion Meithrin ym Mhenpedairheol, cyn cael e haddysg
gynradd yn Ysgol Gymraeg Gilfach Fargoed. Yna aeth i Ysgol Gyfun Cwm Rhymni cyn
graddio o Brifysgol Aberystwyth y llynedd. Ar hyn o bryd mae'n dilyn cwrs MA ym
Mhrifysgol Caerdydd. "Roedd sefydlu'r Fenter i'w weld fel y cam nesa
wedi'r twf aruthrol sydd wedi digwydd yma yn y nifer o blant sy'n derbyn eu
haddysg drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg," meddai llefarydd ar ran Cyngor
Bwrdeistrefol Sirol Caerffili. "Roedd yr ardal hon yn rhan o Eisteddfod
Genedlaethol yr Urdd Islwyn a oedd yn llwyddiant ysgubol yn 1997. Mae aelodaeth
yr Urdd yn yr ardal hon wedi cynyddu'n sylweddol hefyd yn ystod y blynyddoedd
diwethaf ymysg plant a phobl sy'n dysgu Cymraeg fel ail-iaith, yn ogystal â'r
rhai sy'n mynychu ysgolion Cymraeg eu cyfrwng. Cynyddu hefyd fu'r galw am
gyfleoedd i ddysgu Cymraeg fel oedolion."
Y Cymro, 29 04 2000
OUR TRANSLATION: Thriving situation of Welsh in Caerffili. A development
officer has been appointed to the Caerffili Language Venture - just six months
since a group of people met for the first time to set up a Language Venture in
the area. In the last few months, the Venture's ruling committee has been
making preparations for the appointment, which is a another step forward in the
revival of Welsh in the South-east. Lowri Catrin Pugh who was born and brought
up in the area will begin in the full-time job at the end of July. She comes
from a non-Welsh-speaking home but her family decided on Welsh-language
education for their family. Lowri went to the Nursery School Movement's (Mudiad
Ysgolion Meithrin) nursery circle in Penpedairheol, before receiving her
primary education in Ysgol Gymraeg Gilfach Fargoed (the Gilfach Fargoed
Welsh-medium school). Then she went on to Ysgol Gyfun Cwm Rhymni (the Cwm
Rhymni Welsh-medium Comprehensive School) before graducatiin last year at the
university in Aberystwyth. At present she is doing an MA course at the
university in Caerdydd. "The establishment of the Venture was to be seen
as the next step after the spectacular growth that has occurred here in the
number of children who receive their education through the medium of
Welsh," said a spokeman on behalf of Cyngor Bwrdeistrefol Sirol Caerffili
(Caerffili County Borough Council). "This area was part of Eisteddfod
Genedlaethol yr Urdd Islwyn (the Welsh League Of Youth Nationa Eisteddfod at
Islwyn) which was a major success in 1997. Membership of the Urdd in this area
has increased substantially also in the last few years amongst children and
people learning Welsh as a second language, as well as people who attend
Welsh-medium schools. The demand for opportunities for adults for learning
Welsh has also increased." Y Cymro, 29 04 2000
===
Caerfyrddin, county of Caerfyrddin
(= "Carmarthen") 1879
The older names of the streets have their Welsh equivalents; as, Heol y
Prior (the prior's street), Heol y Brenin, Heol Spilman, Heol y Bont, Heol y
Cai, Heol Dwr, Heol Awst (Calan Awst being the Welsh term for Lammas-day),
while the newer streets are spoken of in Welsh under their English names;
indicating a greater prevalence of Welsh in the town in former years. William Spurrell, Carmarthen and its
Neighbourhood, 1879, page 11
===
Caergybi, county of Ynys Môn (=
"Holyhead") 1878
{In
Anglesey} Welsh is
almost exclusively used in all churches, chapels, and Sunday schools, those of
the Roman Catholic Irish, who are numerous at Holyhead, excepted
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Capelisaf, county of Powys 1910
Yn
Aberhonddu sieryd y rhieni Gymraeg, a'r plant Saesneg. ...Ychydig o
gyfarwyddyd, a deffry'r bobl i weled y cam y mae'r plant yn gael.... Gwnaed
hynny'n ddiweddar yn un o'r cymoedd, cwm y Capel Isaf. Cynhaliwyd cyfarfod gan
Ddosbarth Cymraeg yr ardal ddygwyl Dewi. Daeth y delyn yno. Canodd merch ieuanc
gân o waith Myfyr Hefin, yr hon (yn ôl y "Brecon and Radnor Express")
a gododd frwdfrydedd y dorf yn uchel iawn. Ynddi enwir y cartrefydd yn y cwm
lle delir i siarad Cymraeg. Canwyd hi ar alaw "Bugeilio'r Gwenith
Gwyn." A dyma hi:
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen 246.
OUR TRANSLATION: In
Aberhonddu {=
Brecon} the parents
speak Welsh, and the children English... A bit of instruction, and the people
will wake up to see the disservice they are doing to the children.... This was
done lately in one of the valleys, the valley of Capelisaf {= "lower
chapel"} The
meeting was held by the Welsh class (= ?Welsh Bible reading class) in the area
on Saint David's Day. The harp came there. A young girl sang a song by Myfyr
Hefin, which, according to the "Brecon and Radnor Express", raised
the enthusasism of the crowd very high. In it are named the homes in the valley
where Welsh is still spoken. It was sung to the tune of "Bugeilio'r
Gwenith Gwyn." {= watching over the white wheat} . And here it is: (See the full article at 1054)
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
(= "to restore the old language") Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen
246.
===
Capel-y-ffin, county of Powys 1878
It {the
Welsh language} appears
to have survived longest at Capelyffin, an outlying hamlet of Llanigon, near
the head of the Afon Honddu.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Cardiganshire = Sir Aberteifi
===
Carnarvonshire = Sir Gaernarfon
===
Cas-bach, county of Casnewydd (=
"Castleton") 1835
Sefydliad
Cymdeithas Gymroaidd yn y Casbach
Mr. Gomer - Gan fod yn ddywenydd o'r mwyaf genych glywed, yn nghyd â'ch plant
gwasgaredig, am y Cymdeithasau Cymroaidd sydd yn cael eu sefydlu, o bryd i
bryd, gan feibion Gomer, yr ydym ni, tua Mynwy, wedi bod yn hir megys yn cysgu
mewn llonyddwch a difaterwch am ein Hiaith a'n cenedl, pan oedd canwyllau yn
cael eu goleuo mewn amryw fanau ar hyd y Dywysogaeth, a thrwy fod y cyfryw
ganwyllau yn taflu ychydig ddefnynau o'r goleu hyd atom ni, trwy gyfrwng y
Cyhoeddiadau clodwiw, deffrowyd rhai o honom er ys tymmor hir yn nghylch codi
Cymdeithas Gymroaidd, ond o herwydd digalondid, yr oeddym yn oedi, ac yn
dysgwyl yn barhaus i ychwaneg o Omeriaid ddyfod i'r golwg; ac o'r diwedd
gwelwyd ychydig rhagor yn deffro ac yn teimlo gwaed Gomeraidd yn curo yn fwy
nerthol yn eu rhedwelïau; ac ar yr 8fed o Ebrill, 1835, ymgynnullodd tua 35 o'r
rhai mwyaf awyddus dros ein Hiaith a'u cenedl, i'r Gwestdy adnabyddus wrth
arwydd y Cerbyd a'r Meirch, yn y Casbach; ac ar yr achos, y Parch. E. Jones, ac
ereill o'r cyfeillion, a areithiasant yn y fath fodd nes peri i'r wreichionen
ag oedd yn y cyfeillion ennyn yn fflam.. Yr ydym y cynnyddu bob cyfarfod... Seren
Gomer 1836, tudalen 340
OUR TRANSLATION: The founding of a Welsh Society in Cas-bach
("Castleton"). Mr. Gomer, since you are extremely glad to hear, along
with your scattered children, of the Welsh Societies which are being set up,
from time to time, by the sons of Gomer (= by Welsh people), we, in Mynwy (=
Monmouthshire), have been for a long time as if we were sleeping calmly and
indifferent to our Language and nation, when candles were being lighted in
various places in the Principality, and since these selfsame candles have been
sending glimmers of light in our direction, through the commendable
publications (= editions of Seren Gomer magazine), some of us for some long
time have been awake to the idea of setting up a Welsh Society, but as a result
of low spirits, we were delaying, and waiting constantly for more Welsh people
to appear, but eventually a few more were seen to awake and feel Welsh blood
pulsing more strongly in their veins; and on the 8th of
April, 1835, 35 of the most zealous for our language and nation gathered
together in the inn known as the Coach and Horses, in Cas-bach
("Castleton"), and on the subject the Reverend E. Jones, and others
of the friends, made speeches in such a way that it caused the spark that was
in our friends to burst into flame. We are increasing in every meeting. Seren Gomer 1836, page 340
===
Casnewydd ar Wysg See: Gwynllŵg
===
Castleton: See Cas-bach
===
Ceredigion: See Sir Aberteifi
===
Cheshire: See Swydd Gaer
===
Chirk: See Y Waun
===
Coddington (Swydd Gaer / Cheshire,
England), 1362
But it is not only in anglicized Flintshire that there was a Welsh resurgence.
There is ample evidence for Welsh settlements in Cheshire, not only in areas on
the border like Schochlach {Shocklach, 5km north-west of Malpas} with names like David son of Iorwerth
son of Gruffydd, and David Bolgrach in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries,
but further east also in Coddington (Iorwerth son of Madog son of Einion in
1288, Gwenllian daughter of Gwilym ap John in 1362) and even in Tushingham
(Lleucu daughter of Ithel in 1305)
Page 86; The Population of the Welsh
Border - Melville Richards. Pages 77-100, Transactions of the Honourable
Society of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970 (Part 1), published 1971
===
Conwy, county of Conwy
("Conway") 1878
In Conway {Conwy} only 50 persons are stated not to
be able to speak Welsh
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Craig-cefn-parc, county of Abertawe
circa 1840??
Yr oedd
dau frawd o'm cartref {yng Nghraig-cefn-parc} yn yr ysgol yn Llansawel... yr oeddwn wedi sylwi fod
chwe mis yn ysgol Llansawel wedi gwella y ddau frawd... ac yr oeddwn yn sylwi
eu bod yn awr ac eilwaith yn torri allan i siarad Saesneg yn neilltuol y brawd
o Dy-yn-y-waen. Yr oedd fod ysgol yn gallu gwneud Saeson o fechgyn y Graig o
bawb, a hynny mewn lleied o amser, i mi yn wyrthiol. Doedd pobl y Graig yn
gwybod dim am Saesneg, yr oedd pob Sais ddaethai yno erioed wedi gorfod gallu
siarad Cymraeg, oherwydd fedrai neb yno siarad Saesneg â hwynt. Ond yn awr dyma
fechgyn o'r Graig yn dychwelyd o ysgol oedd wedi gwneud Saeson go
"clever" ohonynt! Rhaid ei bod yn dda.
Atgofion y Parch D.W. Hopkins,
Castell-nedd; yn "Blodeuglwm i goffa y Parch. Jonah Evans", 1881.
TRANSLATION: There were two comrades from my home village {Craig-cefn-parc, also
known as Y Graig} in
school in Llansawel ("Briton Ferry")... I noticed that six months in
Llansawel school had improved the two comrades... and I noticed that now and
then they broke into English, especially the comrade from Tyn-y-waun. The fact
that a school could make boys from from Y Graig, of all people, into
English-speakers and in such a short time was to me nothing short of a miracle.
The people of Y Graig didn't know any English at all, every Englishman who'd
ever come there to live had had to be able to speak Welsh, because nobody there
could speak English with them. But now here were boys from Y Graig coming back
from a school that had made them into quite proficient English-speakers. It
must have been good.
Reminiscences of the Reverend D.W. Hopkins, Castell-nedd ("Neath").
In "Blodeuglwm i goffa y Parch.
Jonah Evans" {= Anthology in
remembrance of the Reverend Jonah Jones} , 1881.
===
Crucywel, county of Powys (=
"Crickhowell") 1878
At Crickhowel, on the Usk, it {Welsh} is spoken only by old people, and Welsh services are no longer heard in
the Parish Church, though still continued for Dissenting chapels.
The neighbouring parish of Llangenny has become completely Anglicised.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of
the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Crucywel, county of Powys (=
"Crickhowell") 1886
Mae Sir
Frycheiniog yn cael ei Saisonegu yn gyflym. Mae Cymraeg wedi darfod, fel iaith
crefydd, er ys dros 60 mlynedd, yn y Gelli; ac, ers amryw flyneddau bellach, yn
Llanfair-yn-muallt. Haner-yn-haner yw y gwasanaeth Sabbathol yn nghapeli yr
holl Anghydffurfwyr yn Nhalgarth a Chrughywel; a chyn diwedd y ganrif, Saisoneg
fydd iaith y cysegr yn mhob tre' yn y sir.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir
Frycheiniog, Y Geninen, Cyfrol 4, 1886
OUR TRANSLATION: Breconshire is quickly being anglicised in language. The Welsh
language disappeared, as the language of religious services, over sixty years
ago, in Y Gelli (= Hay on Wye) {i.e. circa 1826} ; and, some years ago now, in Llanfair ym
Muallt (= Builth Wells). The Sabbath service is half and half in the chapels of
all the non-Conformists in Talgarth and Crucywel; and before the end of the
century, English will be the language of the sacraments in every town in the
county.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir
Frycheiniog (A Brief History of Breconshire), Y Geninen (The Leek), Cyfrol
(Volume) 4, 1886
===
Cwmbwrla, county of Abertawe 1925
Anglicised Schools in Swansea. Changes Brought About by Housing Schemes. Hafod
Becomes English.
As recently as 20 years ago, Cwmbwrla, Manselton and the Hafod districts and
all the districts to the north and east of these were mainly Welsh. Today Hafod
has become English. Out of 1024 children, only 17 were reported as coming from
homes where Welsh was the home language. Manselton and Cwmbwrla were rapidly
following. At Manselton, out of 941 children, only 65, and at Cwmbwrla, out of
798 children, only 47 came from families where Welsh was the home language.
Mid-Glamorgan Herald, 7 November 1925.
===
Cwm-du, county of Brycheiniog 1886
Ar y daith o Grughywel i Dalgarth, trwy Gwmdû a Phengeu[ff]ordd, Cymreig ydyw y wlad ar y ddeheu, ac ar yr aswy. Gwlad ddwy-ieithawg hefyd ydyw. Y mae yn agos yr un personau yn y gwasanaeth Cymreig yn Eglwys Cwmdû ag sydd yn y gwasanaeth Saesneg. O Dalgarth i Lanfairmuallt, y mae'r dylanwad Saesneg, a chywilydd o'r Gymraeg, yn cryfhau!
Yr Iaith Gymraeg. 1785, 1885, 1985! Neu, Tair Miliwn o Gymry
Dwy-Ieithawg mewn Can Mlynedd. Cyfres o Lythyrau. Gyda Hanes Sefydliad Cymdeithas yr Iaith
Gymraeg, &c., &c., &c. Awdur: D. Isaac Davies, B.Sc. Dinbych, T.
Gee a'i Fab. 1886.
OUR TRANSLATION:
On the journey from Crucywel to Talgarth, via Cwm-du and Pengeuffordd, the
country is Welsh [i.e. the people are Welsh] on the right, and on the left. It
is also a bilingual country. It is almost the same people in the Welsh-language
service at Cwm-du Church as are in the English-language service. From Talgarth
to Llanfair ym Muallt, the influence of the English language, and the shame about
speaking Welsh (“the shame of the Welsh
language”), becomes stronger!
“The Welsh Language. 1785, 1885, 1985! Or, Three Million Biingual Welsh in a
Hundred Years’ TIme. A Series of Letters.
With the History of the founding of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg / The
Welsh Language Society, &c., &c., &c. Author: D. Isaac Davies,
B.Sc. Dinbych / Denbigh, T. Gee and Son. 1886.
(delwedd J6737)
===
Cwm Efyrnwy, county of Powys 1878
Welsh has also disappeared from the valley of Lower Vyrnwy {Efyrnwy} next to the Severn, the most
important river of the county.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Cwmteuddwr, county of Powys 1878
At Rhayader [= Rhaeadr-gwy] (976 inhabitants) 200 persons still speak
Welsh, but the younger people have altogether forgotten it. In the neighbouring
parish of Cwmto{iddwr? = Cwmteuddwr - unreadable} Welsh is somewhat more general, especially in
the valley of Elan, above Nantgwilt, and there are even two or three farmers
who understand no English.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Cwmteuddwr, county of Powys 1907
In Radnorshire, during the construction of the Elan Valley reservoirs
between 1892 and 1907… the importation of workers from Ireland, Scotland and
England resulted in a very rapid recession in the speaking of Welsh around
Rhaeadr.
Melville Richards, The Population of the
Welsh Border; Page 97, Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion,
Session 1970, Part 1 (Cyhoeddwyd / Published 1971)
===
De-ddwyrain Cymru (South-east Wales)
1902
A hundred years from now not only Glamorgan but South Wales also will be
overwhelmingly Gwentian in speech. Every Welsh dialect is now spoken here, but
the children of the immigrants talk and play in Y Wenhwyseg, the Gwentian
dialect. The speech of the English settlers in Welsh communities becomes also
Gwentian in pronunciation. No other dialect survives one generation here. The
ruined conditions of former hives of industry in some parts of Glamorgan and
Monmouth remind us that the limit of our industrial development will be reached
sooner or later. With the inevitable ebbing of the tide of immigration, and
with any stand-still-ness in our communal life, the Gwentian will re-assert
itself.
THE GWENTIAN OF THE FUTURE John
Griffiths, Nant-y-moel, 1902. For a fuller version, see kimkat0948e
===
Dinbych, county of Dinbych (=
Denbigh) 1878
In Denbigh (6,323 inhabitants) it is employed in eleven out of fourteen
places of worship. Very little English is spoken in the country districts.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Diserth / Y Ddiserth yn Elfael county
of Powys (= "Disserth”, also “Disart"), 1746
A Welsh Wakes. A wakes at "Dysart" in Radnorshire, is thus
described by a Visitor at Llandrindod in 1746: "The churchyard, though
large, was filled with people of almost all ages and qualities. The church is a
strong building and pretty large, against the tiles of which were a dozen lusty
young fellows playing at Tennis, and as many against the steeple at Fives. They
played very well, but spoke (as indeed almost every one else did) in the Welsh
tongue. On one side the church were about six couple dancing to one violin, and
just below three or four couple to three violins, whose seat was a tombstone.
In short, the whole was something whimsically odd. We here saw common games of
ball against the sacred pile, and there the musick playing over the bones of
the deceased." - A. N. S.
August 27 1873, "Bye-Gones Relating
to Wales and the Border Counties".
===
Dolau, Y county of Powys 1840
1 km west of Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Yma yn y
Dolau, cyn iddo ddyfod yn bregethwr adnabyddus, y cadwai Samuel Breeze ysgol yn
ystod y flwyddyn 1793-4. Yn ôl Jonathan Williams, hanesydd y sir, aethai plwyf
Nantmel yn ddwyieithog tua 1820 ac yr oedd y Saesneg yn dechrau ennill ar y
Gymraeg. Arferid Cymraeg yn y capel hyd 1840, fodd bynnag... Dywed John
Jones... yn ei 'History of the Baptists in Radnorshire', a gyhoeddwyd yn 1895,
yr arferid Cymraeg gan mwyaf yng nghapeli'r Dolau, Nantmel a'r Bontnewydd-ar-Wy
pan oedd ef yn blentyn ond 'now... Welsh... is not understood in these places,
except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed, 1968, tudalennau 95, 96
OUR TRANSLATION: Here in y Dolau, before he became a well-known preacher,
Samuel Breeze kept a school during the year 1793-4. According to Jonathan
Williams, the county historian, the parish of Nantmel became bilingual towards
1820 and the English language began to gain ground at the expense of Welsh.
Welsh was used in the chapel until 1840, however... John Jones says... in his
'History of the Baptists in Radnorshire', published in 1895, Welsh was used
mostly in the chapels of Y Dolau, Nantmel and Bontnewydd-ar-Wy {'Newbridge on Wye'} when he was a child but 'now...
Welsh... is not understood in these places, except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, pages 95, 96
===
Y Drenewydd, county of Powys (=
"Newtown") 1878
At Welshpool and Montgomery Welsh has been extinct among the natives {?during - unreadable} these fifty years. At Newtown,
however, about thirty per cent of the inhabitants are still able to converse in
Welsh, and a similar proportion of Welsh speakers is met with as far as
Llanidloes beyond which the Severn valley penetrates a territory which is still
wholly Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Ergyn, Swydd Henffordd, Lloegr (=
Archenfield, Herefordshire, England) 1860
Archenfield was still Welsh enough in the time of Elizabeth for the bishop
of Hereford to be made responsible together with the four Welsh bishops for the
translation of the Bible and the Book of Common Prayer into Welsh. Welsh was
still commonly spoken here in the first half of the nineteenth century, and we
are told that churchwardens' notices were put up in both Welsh and English
until about 1860 (Transactions Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club, 1887, page
173). Welsh was spoken by individuals until comparatively recently.
Page 95; The Population of the Welsh
Border - Melville Richards. Pages 77-100, Transactions of the Honourable
Society of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970 (Part 1), published 1971
===
Fenni, Y county of Powys (=
"Abergavenny") 1910
Y mae
cyfaill i mi yn cofio capel Cymraeg y Bedyddwyr yn y Fenni yn llawn o Gymry yn
oedfa'r bore; ond, er fod Cymry lawer yn y dref brydferth honno, nid oes
addoliad yn Gymraeg ond gwasanaeth gwyl Dewi yn Eglwys Fair. "I Godi'r Hen
Iaith yn ei Hol", Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen 245.
OUR TRANSLATION: A friend of mine remembers the Welsh-language Baptist chapel
in Y Fenni full of Welsh people in the morning service; but, although there are
many Welsh people (i.e. Welsh-speakers) in that fair town, there is no service
in Welsh except for the St. David Day's service in Eglwys Fair / St. Mary's
Church .
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
(= "to restore the old language") Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen
245.
===
Ffestiniog, county of Gwynedd 1890
CYMRAEG
YN SIR FEIRIONYDD. Cymeraf y dynfyniad nesaf o ysgrif ddyddorol gan Treborfab
yn y Faner. Dywed:- “Cymraeg y mae pawb, ond ychydig eithriadau, yn siarad yn
Ffestiniog. Cymraeg ydyw iaith y wlad a’r chwarelau, a Chymraeg y mae y creigiau,
a’r defaid a borant ein llechweddau, wedi ei ddysgu. Tybiodd y Saeson fod modd
gweithio ein chwarelau – tynu y ceryg a’r creigiau, eu hollti a’u naddu – yn
Saesneg, a gwneud cymaint ddwywaith o bob peth ag a arferid yn yr un faint o
amser. Ond ‘ddaw i ddim’ fu hanes aml i gorgi o Sais gorchestol a ddaeth i’n
plith; a da fu iddo gael myned adref i’w wlad ei hun ar ol gwario canoedd o
filoedd o bunau i ddim, a gwaeth na dim! Cymraeg yw iaith Arfon a Meirion; ond
pan ddaeth y trên yma, y mae hwn eto yn meddwl i ni newid ein hiaith.”
Cyvaill yr Aelwyd 1890 tudalen 294
OUR TRANSLATION: The Welsh language in Sir Feirionydd / Merionethshire. I take
the next quote from an interesting article by Treforfab in the ‘Faner’. “Welsh
is what everybody, apart from a few exceptions, speaks in Ffestiniog. Welsh is
the language of the countryside and the quarries, and Welsh is what the rocks,
and the sheep who graze our slopes, have learnt. The English thought that it
was possible to work our quarries – to take the stones and rocks, to split them
and work them – in English, and to do twice as much in the same time (“to do
twice as much as everything which was usually done in the same amount of
time”). But it “won’t come to anything” has been the story of many an boastful
English cur who has come into our midst; and it was good that he could go home
to his own land after spending hundreds of thousands of pounds for nothing, and
worse than nothing! Welsh is the language of Arfon a Meirion; and when the train came here, that
too thought it could change our language.”
===
Fflint, Y county of Y Fflint (= "Flint") 1878
In Flint and St. Asaph it is gradually being superseded by English.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Flintshire = Sir y Fflint
===
Foreston (Iowa, USA) 1895
We said at the beginning, that Foreston is the center of the Welsh community.
So it is in location, but as far as prominence and influence are concerned, the
"center of gravity" has been of late years moving toward the town of
Lime Springs. Of the future of this Welsh settlement we dare not speak. The
Welsh language is used about as extensively as it was a quarter of a century
ago. Yet the older people, natives of Wales, are dying; and their places taken
by the young people, natives of America. Though the same language is used by
them it is less pure. In the course of time, judging from the history of Welsh
settlements in the east, the Welsh here will give place to the language of the land;
and at some period, in the future, the language of Cambria "will not be
living, even "in song." It is to be hoped, however, that the churches
will be kept up, and that the pure, scriptural religion, introduced by the
pioneers, will hold its ground from age to age and flourish from generation to
generation.
"History of the Welsh in Minnesota,
Foreston and Lime Springs, Iowa. Gathered by the Old Settlers. Edited by Revs.
Thos. E. Hughes and David Edwards, and Messrs. Hugh G. Roberts and Thomas
Hughes"
(We have included this extremely interesting history on our website. Click here to find out more about Foreston and
to find the links to the rest of the book)
(See also in this list: Lime Springs)
===
Y Gelligandryll, county of Powys (=
"Hay on Wye") circa 1826
Mae Sir
Frycheiniog yn cael ei Saisonegu yn gyflym. Mae Cymraeg wedi darfod, fel iaith
crefydd, er ys dros 60 mlynedd, yn y Gelli; ac, ers amryw flyneddau bellach, yn
Llanfair-yn-muallt. Haner-yn-haner yw y gwasanaeth Sabbathol yn nghapeli yr
holl Anghydffurfwyr yn Nhalgarth a Chrughywel; a chyn diwedd y ganrif, Saisoneg
fydd iaith y cysegr yn mhob tre' yn y sir.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir
Frycheiniog, Y Geninen, Cyfrol 4, 1886
OUR TRANSLATION: Breconshire is quickly being anglicised in language. The Welsh
language disappeared, as the language of religious services, over sixty years
ago, in Y Gelli (= Hay on Wye) {i.e. circa 1826} ; and, some years ago now, in Llanfair ym
Muallt (= Builth Wells). The Sabbath service is half and half in the chapels of
all the non-Conformists in Talgarth and Crucywel; and before the end of the
century, English will be the language of the sacraments in every town in the
county.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir
Frycheiniog (A Brief History of Breconshire), Y Geninen (The Leek), Cyfrol
(Volume) 4, 1886
===
Y Gelligandryll, county of Powys (=
"Hay on Wye") 1878
Hay, on the Hereford frontier, and the neighbouring parishes of Llanigon (= Llaneigon) and Aberllunvey {= Aberllynfi}, are likewise English, Welsh being
spoken only by a few old people and immigrants... It appears to have survived
longest at Capelyffin, an outlying hamlet of Llanigon, near the head of the
Afon Honddu.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e (via Google;
remove space and join together)
===
(delwedd 7380)
===
Gwynllŵg, ("Wentloog") 1856
{In South-east
Wales: district, formerly a cantref, now (since 1996) split between the
counties of Casnewydd, Caer-dydd and Caerffili. See definition of the area in
the separate entry below – Gwynllŵg 1900} .
Great many phrases like these may be culled out of the conversation of the
people of Gwent and Morganwg, and it would be difficult to decide whether in
Gwent or Morganwg is the greatest corruption, and which of the two countries
has received most English words. It is certain that in the sequestered
agricultural districts a purer dialect is spoken than in the vicinities of
railroads and canals. There is less English mixed with the Cymraeg of Gwentllwg
than there is with that of the country along the railway from Newport to
Tredegar, and along the canal from the same place to Fenni, &c.
A Treatise on the Chief Peculiarities
that Distinguish the Cymraeg, as Spoken by the Inhabitants of Gwent and
Morganwg Respectively, Pererindodwr, Archaeologia Cambrensis, Volume 2, date?
(Volume 3 is 1856).
pp305-314
www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_gwentian_dialect_pererindodwr_1856_0959e.htm
(See also Llaneirwg, Year 1841)
===
Gwynllŵg, ("Wentloog") c1900
Defined in 'Cardiff Records' (1889-1911)
(John Hobson Mathews, Mab Cernyw) as: A hundred and lordship in south-west
Monmouthshire, lying along the Severn {Hafren} shore from the Usk {Wysg} westward to the Rhymny {Rhymni} . Anciently it was sometimes considered as extending to the Taff {Taf}.
Mab Cernyw notes: The Welsh language
was spoken in every parish of Monmouthshire down to the early part of the 18th
century, when it began to recede westward from the Wye. During the latter half
of the 19th century it finally disappeared from the parishes east of the river
Usk, and, in this county, is now practically confined to the Blaenau Gwent (the
West Monmouthshire hills) and the district between Newport and Cardiff.
===
Hafod, county of Abertawe
("Swansea") 1925
Anglicised Schools in Swansea. Changes Brought About by Housing Schemes. Hafod
Becomes English.
As recently as 20 years ago, Cwmbwrla, Manselton and the Hafod districts and
all the districts to the north and east of these were mainly Welsh. Today Hafod
has become English. Out of 1024 children, only 17 were reported as coming from
homes where Welsh was the home language. Manselton and Cwmbwrla were rapidly
following. At Manselton, out of 941 children, only 65, and at Cwmbwrla, out of
798 children, only 47 came from families where Welsh was the home language.
Mid-Glamorgan Herald, 7 November 1925.
===
Harlech, county of Gwynedd 1878
A "man of Harlech," 60 years of age, writes that "there is a
great increase in the knowledge of English as long since I remember, but I do
not think that there is any diminution in Welsh speaking, reading, writing, or
preaching. Nearly all religious services, included those of the Church of
England, are conducted in Welsh."
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Hay-on-Wye / Hay on Wye = Y
Gelligandryll
===
Hob, Yr county of Y Fflint (=
"Hope") 1878
In the Western portion of the parish of Hope (Hope Mountain, beyond the
river Alyn), Welsh still keeps its ground, but with difficulty
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Holyhead = Caergybi
===
Holywell = Treffynnon
===
Knighton = Trefyclo
===
Lime Springs (Iowa, USA) 1895
This language, though known to but few "foreigners," is the
language of Wales, and is the language in daily use in thousands of families in
America. It is the language in use in the settlement - of which we now
undertake to give a short sketch.
The Welsh settlers of Lime Springs are to be found in six townships,
{1} Bristol, {2} York and {3} Beaver, (Southern Fillmore county, Minnesota)
and {4} Albion, {5} Forest City and {6} Chester, (Northern Howard county, Iowa).
The settlement, therefore, is divided into two parts by the state line, and
into nearly two equal parts by the Upper Iowa river. Lime Springs is a town of
600 inhabitants...
"History of the Welsh in Minnesota,
Foreston and Lime Springs, Iowa. Gathered by the Old Settlers. Edited by Revs.
Thos. E. Hughes and David Edwards, and Messrs. Hugh G. Roberts and Thomas
Hughes" (We have included this extremely interesting history on our
website. Click here to find out more about Lime Springs
and to find the links to the rest of the book)
(See also in this list: Foreston)
===
Llanandras, county of Powys (=
"Presteigne") 1675
Hoffwn,
er hynny, ychwanegu gair parthed hanes y Gymraeg yma gan na ellir derbyn sylw
Mr. Howse yn ei lyfr "Presteigne Past and Present" nad oes i'r
Gymraeg na doe na heddiw yma. Ni raid sôn am heddiw: yn ôl cyfrifiad 1961, deg
ar hugain o bobl a fedr yr iaith allan o boblogaeth o 1149 ac y mae'n sicr mai
pobl ddyfod ydynt. Ond fel arall yr oedd hi yn y gorffennol. Ni welais ddim i
awgrymu i foneddigion yr ardal gefnu ar y Gymraeg yn gynt na boneddigion
ardaloedd eraill y gororau. Dangosir y sefyllfa ymhlith y werin gan restrau a
gyhoeddodd Miss M. G. Jones yn nawfed cyfrol 'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau
Celtaidd'. Rhestrir plwyfi 'in which the poorest of the Welsh children are put
to school to learn English'. Yn 1675 yr oedd ugain o blant felly ym mhentref
Maesyfed, deugain yn Nhrefýclawdd, a deugain yn Llanandras. Tair blynedd wedyn
yr oedd yr un nifer ym Maesyfed, ugain yn Nhrefýclawdd, a deg ar hugain yn
Llanandras. Er chwilio gryn dipyn yn y maes hwn ni welais yr un reswm dros
dybio na fu hanes y Gymraeg yn y dref hon yn hollol yr un fath ag yn nhrefi
eraill y ffin. Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 17
OUR TRANSLATION: Despite that, I would like to add a word as regards the
history of the Welsh language since the comment of Mr. Howse in his book
"Presteigne Past and Present" cannot be accepted - that the Welsh
language has neither a today nor had it a yesterday here. There's no need to
mention today - according to the 1961 census, 30 people out of a population of
1149 can speak the language and it's pretty certain that they are incomers. But
it was a different situation in the past. I have seen nothing to suggest that
the nobility of the area turned their back on the Welsh language earlier than
did the nobility in other districts on the borders.. The situation among the
common people is shown by the lists which Miss M. G. Jones published in the
ninth volume of 'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd' (Bulletin of the Board of
Celtic Studies). Parishes are listed 'in which the poorest of the Welsh
children are put to school to learn English'. In 1675 there were twenty such
children in the village of Maesyfed {Radnor} , forty in Nhrefýclawdd {Knighton} , and forty in Llanandras {Presteigne} . Three years later there were the same number in Maesyfed, twenty in
Nhrefýclawdd, and thirty in Llanandras. In spite of much searching in this
field I haven't seen any reason not to think that the history of the Welsh
language in this town was exactly the same as that of other border towns.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 17
===
Llanddewi'r Cwm, county of Powys 1878
The immediate neighbourhood of Builth, including villages having such
thoroughly Welsh names as Maesmynis and Llanddewi'rcwm, has become quite
English, and only on rare occasions can a Welsh sermon be heard there.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llandecwyn, county of Gwynedd 1895 SH6338
Gellir
dweyd am Landecwyn ei fod yn un o'r lleoedd mwyaf Cymreig yn y byd. Nid oes ond
un Sais o'i fewn. Mae llawer hen wr a hen wraig a adwaenom wedi treulio dros
bedwar ugain mlynedd o fywyd iach, yn yr un fan ag y gwelsant oleuni gyntaf,
oddifewn i'r plwyf. D. Evans. Cymry'r Plant. 1895. Tudalen 90.
OUR TRANSLATION: It can be said of Llandecwyn that it's one of the most Welsh
places in the world. There is but one Englishman there. Many an old man and old
woman we know have lived a healthy life of eighty years, in the same place that
they first saw daylight, within the parish.
D. Evans. Cymry'r Plant. 1895. Page 90.
===
Llandinam, county of Powys 1878
Llandinam 27 per cent {i.e. in 1878 27% of the population of Llandinam spoke Welsh}
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llandudno, county of Conwy 1878
At the favourite seaside town of Llandudno 250 persons speak Welsh only,
2,312 Welsh and English, and 200 English, the Welsh services being four times
more numerously attended than the English ones.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llandysilio, county of Powys 1878
Welsh has also disappeared from the valley of Lower Vyrnwy {Efyrnwy} next to the Severn the most important
river of the county. In Llandysilio it is not spoken at all;
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llaneirwg, county of Caer-dydd
(“Saint Mellon’s”; formerly an independent village in Monmouthshire) 1841
Wedi iddo
ddyfod i ddechreu siarad, ni chollodd ei fam ddim amser cyn dechreu dodrefnu ei
feddwl tyner ag adnodau, penillion, â darnau o'r Hyfforddwr. Gosodid ef i
adrodd y rhai hyn o flaen dyeithriaid, y rhai a roisent ganmoliaeth fawr iddo.
Ymfalchiai yntau, ac awyddai am ddysgu rhagor; ac fel yr awgrymwyd o'r blaen,
pan yn bum' mlwydd oed, nid oedd iaith ei fam yn ddigon iddo, a dechreuodd
ddysgu Saesneg. Gan fod ei fam yn medru yr iaith hono yn dda, ni bu David James
yn hir cyn dod i ddarllen Saesneg. (Cofiant a Phregethau y Diweddar Barch.
David James Llaneurwg. Thomas Rees, D.D, a D. M. Phillips. 1896. t20)
OUR TRANSLATION: After
he started talking his mother lost no time in furnishing his tender mind with
Biblical verses, stanzas, and pieces from the ‘Hyfforddwr’ (Book of Instruction
in the Principles of the Christian Religion, T. Charles, 1807). He was made to
(‘put to’) recite these before strangers who gave him great praise. This was a
source of pride for him, and he was keen to learn more, and as has been
suggested previously, when he was five years old (i.e. in 1841), the language
of his mother was not sufficient for him, and he began to learn English.
(Biography and Sermons of the Late Reverend David James of Llaneirwg (born 1836).
Authors: Thomas Rees, D.D, a D. M. Phillips. 1896. Page 20)
===
Llanfair ym Muallt, county of Powys
(= "Builth Wells") 1878
The immediate neighbourhood of Builth, including villages having such
thoroughly Welsh names as Maesmynis and Llanddewi'rcwm, has become quite
English, and only on rare occasions can a Welsh sermon be heard there.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanfair ym Muallt, county of Powys
(= "Builth Wells") 1886
Mae Sir
Frycheiniog yn cael ei Saisonegu yn gyflym. Mae Cymraeg wedi darfod, fel iaith
crefydd, er ys dros 60 mlynedd, yn y Gelli; ac, ers amryw flyneddau bellach, yn
Llanfair-yn-muallt. Haner-yn-haner yw y gwasanaeth Sabbathol yn nghapeli yr
holl Anghydffurfwyr yn Nhalgarth a Chrughywel; a chyn diwedd y ganrif, Saisoneg
fydd iaith y cysegr yn mhob tre' yn y sir.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir
Frycheiniog, Y Geninen, Cyfrol 4, 1886
OUR TRANSLATION: Breconshire is quickly being anglicised in language. The Welsh
language disappeared, as the language of religious services, over sixty years
ago, in Y Gelli (= Hay on Wye) {i.e. circa 1826} ; and, some years ago now, in Llanfair ym
Muallt (= Builth Wells). The Sabbath service is half and half in the chapels of
all the non-Conformists in Talgarth and Crucywel; and before the end of the
century, English will be the language of the sacraments in every town in the
county.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir Frycheiniog (A Brief History of
Breconshire), Y Geninen (The Leek), Cyfrol (Volume) 4, 1886
===
Llanfair ym Muallt, county of Powys
(= "Builth Wells") 1910
Yn
Llanfairmuallt y mae rhai hen weddiwyr hyawdl yn dal i gyfarch gorsedd gras yn
Gymraeg, ond nis gwyr y plant beth y maent yn ddweyd.
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen 245.
OUR TRANSLATION: In
Llanfair ym Muallt some eloquent old worshippers still use Welsh in the chapel
services (literally: greet the throne of grace in Welsh), but the children
don't know what they are saying.
“ I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol", =
To restore the old (= native) language', an article in "Cymru",
Volume 38, May 1910
===
Llangenni, county of Powys 1878
At Crickhowel, on the Usk, it {Welsh} is spoken only by old people, and Welsh services are no longer heard in
the Parish Church, though still continued for Dissenting chapels.
The neighbouring parish of Llangenny has become completely Anglicised.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llangenny = Llangenni
===
Llaneigon, county of Powys
("Llanigon") 1878
Hay, on the Hereford frontier, and the neighbouring parishes of Llanigon
and Aberllunvey, are likewise English, Welsh being spoken only by a few old
people and immigrants... It appears to have survived longest at Capelyffin, an
outlying hamlet of Llanigon, near the nead of the Afon Honddu.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanelwy, county of Dinbych (=
"St Asaph") 1878
In Flint and St. Asaph it is gradually being superseded by English.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanfair ym Muallt, county of
Brycheiniog (= "Builth Wells") 1886
Cofier mai tref
Saesnigaidd ydyw Llanfair yn awr. Nid oes un gwasanaeth Cymraeg yn cael ei
gynnal mewn nac eglwys na chapel ynddi; neu os oes, yn yr haf yn unig y gwneir
hyny, er mwyn yr ymwelwyr Cymreig.
Yr Iaith
Gymraeg. 1785, 1885, 1985! Neu, Tair Miliwn o Gymry Dwy-Ieithawg mewn Can
Mlynedd. Cyfres o Lythyrau. Gyda Hanes
Sefydliad Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg, &c., &c., &c. Awdur: D.
Isaac Davies, B.Sc. Dinbych, T. Gee a'i Fab. 1886.
OUR TRANSLATION:
It should be noted that Llanfair is now an Englished town. Not a single Welsh
service is held in any church or chapel within it; or if there is, it is only
in the summer, for the sake of Welsh-speaking visitors.
“The Welsh Language. 1785, 1885, 1985! Or, Three Million Biingual Welsh in a
Hundred Years’ TIme. A Series of Letters.
With the History of the founding of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg / The
Welsh Language Society, &c., &c., &c. Author: D. Isaac Davies,
B.Sc. Dinbych / Denbigh, T. Gee and Son. 1886.
===
Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon, county of
Powys 1827
Dywed
gohebydd yn y Gwyliedydd am Fedi 1827 fod hen bobl Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon yn
parhau i siarad Cymraeg
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 28
OUR TRANSLATION: A correspondent in the 'Gwyliedydd' {the sentinel} for September 1827 that the old
people of Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon still spoke Welsh
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 28
===
Llangurig, county of Powys 1828
Writing in the year 1828, the late Gwalter Mechain stated
(Gwalter Mechain’s Works, iii, 438) that 'the population of Llangurig and
Llanidloes on the southern side of the Severn are mostly Welsh, and the Welsh
service predominates in these churches; but whether English be read every third
or fourth Sunday, I cannot say.” T
Montgomeryshire Collections 5, 1872. A
Parochial Account of Llanidloes. Page 17.
See: Llanidloes 1828
===
Llanidloes, county of Powys 1828, 1833, 1872
The inhabitants of the parish are essentially Welsh, but
within the present century, more especially during the last twenty years,
immigration has tended greatly to alter the former characteristics of the
people. The development of the flannel-trade, improvement in the prospect of
the mines of the locality, and lastly, the construction of the Cambrian and Mid
Wales systems of railways, may be mentioned among the chief causes of this
alteration. Writing in the year 1828, the late Gwalter Mechain stated (Gwalter
Mechain’s Works, iii, 438) that 'the population of Llangurig and Llanidloes on
the southern side of the Severn are mostly Welsh, and the Welsh service
predominates in these churches; but whether English be read every third or
fourth Sunday, I cannot say.” This statement is not borne out by the Rev. John
Davies (who was vicar of the parish in 1828, in his evidence before the
Municipal Commission in the year 1833, as far as Llanidloes is concerned. Mr.
Davies then stated: - "I reside at Llanidloes; I perform the service twice
on Sunday. There is a morning service and and a sermon every other Sunday in
Welsh. Four or five hundred persons attend the church ordinarily, but there are
not so many on the Welsh Sundays; there is not above half then. There is a
Sunday-school connected with the church.... No instruction is given in Welsh.
There is not any school within the parish in which children are instructed in
the doctrines of the Church of England in the Welsh language."' Welsh was
the language ordinarily used at that time in all the dissenting chapels of the
town, and continues so down to the present iime. with the exception of one
chapel, which was built a few years ago, where the service is conducted in the
English language. At present there is a Welsh service and sermon every Sunday
afternoon in the parish church. About three-fourths of the present habitants
understand Welsh, one half are fairly conversant with both languages, a fourth
able to speak Welsh alone, and a similar proportion who have no knowledge
whatever of that language.
Montgomeryshire Collections 5, 1872. A
Parochial Account of Llanidloes. Page 17.
===
Llanidloes, county of Powys 1910
Gwelir
yn awr fod bri ar y Gymraeg... Ar ororau Maldwyn a Brycheiniog a Mynwy, yn
enwedig, gwneir ymdrech i roddi bywyd newydd ynddi. Ar ochr Seisnig Llanidloes
cefais nifer o blant yn chware yn Saesneg. Cyfarchais hwy yn Gymraeg, ac wedi
peth petrusder siaradasant Gymraeg gloew. "Ai gartref y dysgasoch
Gymraeg?" gofynnais. "Nage," oedd yr ateb. "Ai yn yr ysgol?"
"Nage." "Ymhle, ynte?" "Yn y capel." Cyfodant i
fendithio enw y gweinidog hwnnw a'r athrawon hynny.
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen 245.
OUR TRANSLATION: It is seen now that Welsh has prestige... On the (western)
edges of Maldwyn (= Montgomeryshire) and Brycheiniog (= Breconshire) and Mynwy
(= Monmouthshire) especially, an effort is being made to give it new life. On
the English side of Llanidloes I found a number of children playing in English.
I greeted them in Welsh, and after some hesitation they spoke in excellent
Welsh. "Was it at home that you learnt Welsh?" I asked.
"No," was the answer. "At school?" "No."
"Where, then?" "In the chapel."
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol",
(= "to restore the old language") Cymru, Volume 38, Mai 1910, page
245.
===
Llanigon = Llaneigon
===
Llanilltud Fawr, county of Bro
Morgannwg (= "Llantwit Major") 1892
Beth
bynag, ond rhoddi tro i fynwent yr hen eglwys blwyfol, edrych ar llawer o'r
ceryg beddau, ceir prawfion diamheuol o henafiaeth y lle, canys y mae yno rai
yn gorwedd er's canoedd o flynyddau. Mae yma bedwar o gapelau Ymneillduol - un
gan y Bedyddwyr, y Wesleyaid, y Methodistiaid, a'r Annibynwyr. Fel yr ydym yn
deall, Saesoneg ydyw y gwasanaeth crefyddol sydd yn cael ei gario yn mlaen yn
mhob un ohonynt. Mae Cymry y Fro wedi myned yn Seisonigaidd. Mae y plant a'r
bobl ieuainc yn Saeson o ran iaith, ond y mae y bobl mewn oed yn eithaf medrus
yn y Gymraeg; ond nid ryw fynychwyr selog ydynt yn yr addoldai, ac felly, i
gyfarfod y plant a'r bobl ieuainc, cerir y gwasanaeth ymlaen yn Saesoneg. Mae
Bethesda y Fro, hen gapel cysegredig iawn ryw ddwy filldir o'r lle hwn, yn
gysylltiedig ac o dan yr un weinidogaeth a'r capel Annibynol. Nid oes yma eto
weinidog. Deallwn hefyd fod dyn ieuanc o Bala Bangor wedi cael gwahoddiad, ond
nis gwyddom a ydyw wedi ateb. Beth bynag, mae yna faes rhagorol iawn i ddyn
ieuanc o ysbryd cenadol cryf, ac yn fedrus yn y ddwy iaith. Gall wneyd gwaith
rhagorol dros Grist. .
Y Tyst 09 09 1892
OUR TRANSLATION:
However, merely by going for a walk to the cemetery of the old parish church,
looking at many of the gravestones, there is irrefutable proof to be had of the
antiquity of the place and some have been lying there for hundreds of years.
There are four Nonconformist chapels - one belonging to the Baptists, the
Wesleyans, the Methodists and the Independents. As we understand, English is
the religious service which is carried out in each one of them. The Welsh
people of the Vale (= Bro Morgannwg) have gone English. The children and the young
people are English people as regards language, but the older people are quite
fluent in Welsh; but they're not very avid attenders of the houses of worship,
and so, to meet the needs of the children and young people, the services are
carried out in English. Bethesda y Fro, a very sacred old chapel some two miles
from this place, is connected with and under the same ministership as the
Independent chapel. There is no minister here yet. We also understand that a
young man from Bala Bangor has received an invitation, but we don't know if he
has replied. However, there is splendid scope here for a young man of strong
missionary spirit, and able to speak the two languages. He can do splendid work
for Christ.
Y Tyst ("the witness") 09 09
1892
===
Llansantffraid ym Mechain, county of
Powys 1878
Welsh has also disappeared from the valley of Lower Vyrnwy {Efyrnwy} next to the Severn the most
important river of the county. In Llandysilio it is not spoken at all; in the
parish of Llanymynech only by a few old people, and it is only when we enter
the parish of Llansantffraid ym Mechain that Welsh is heard more frequently.
That parish is divided by the river Vyrnwy into two parts, in the northern part
about one half of the older people (say one-third of the population) speak
Welsh, which is generally used in the services of the Nonconformists, and once
a month by the Established Church. The young people rapidly forget Welsh; in
one Sunday school, out of eleven classes there are only two in which religious
instruction is imparted in Welsh and these two classes are attented by adults.
In the southern part of the parish very little Welsh is spoken. Proceeding {?up} the Vyrwy we first enter the Welsh
districts on approaching Meifod.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llansilin, county of Powys 1878
In the parish of Llansilin, on the boundary of Shropshire, the children are
said to know Welsh very imperfectly, and the information I have received tends
to show that along the Dee, and in the valley of the Clwyd, up to Llanelidan,
it is slowly losing ground, the railways proving its most powerful enemy.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanwrtud, county of Powys 1878
In the districts to the north of the Usk {Wysg} it {Welsh} is spoken by about 80 per cent, and in the valley of the Yrfon {Irfon} , in the north-west, by 75 per
cent; Lanwrtyd {Llanwrtud} ,
however, on the Carmarthen {Caerfyrddin} border, being wholly Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanwrtyd = Llanwrtud
===
Llansanffráid ym Mechain, county of
Powys 1895
Yn
wir, fel y mae Cymry Llanddwyn wedi ail-feddiannu Llansanffraid-ym-Mechain a
throi yr hen gappel Seisnig yn gappel Cymreig, felly y dyle Cymry pob mann,
trwy gynnorthwyo'u gilydd i brynnu tai a thirodd, ne trwy ryw foddion eryll,
geisio ail-feddiannu yr holl oror hyd at yr Hafren a Weaver, fel ag i wneyd Cymru
Fydd yn gyfartal eu maint â Chymru Fu.
(Prif Ddinas i Gymru. Emrys ap Iwan, Y
Geninen Rhif 2. Cyfrol. XVI. Ebrill, 1895).
OUR TRANSLATION: Indeed, just as the Welsh of Llanddwyn have reoccupied
Llansantffráid ym Mechain and have turned the old English chapel into a Welsh
chapel, so the Welsh everywhere, through helping each other to buy houses and
lands, or through other means, should try to reoccupy the whole borderland as
far as the Hafren (Severn) and the Weaver, so that the Wales of the future is
the same size as Wales in former times.
(Prif Ddinas i Gymru (= a capital city
for Wales). Emrys ap Iwan, Y Geninen (= the leek) Rhif (= number) 2. Cyfrol (=
volume). XVI. Ebrill (= April), 1895).
===
Llanyblodwel, Swydd Amwythig / Shropshire, England 1878
In Llanyblodwell Welsh preponderates, in the west English, and the children
of Welsh parents are often unable to speak Welsh. The Welsh service in the
parish church has been discontinued since 1875, owing to a paucity of
attendance.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Llanymynech, county of Powys 1878
The few Welsh in the neighbouring parts of Llanymynech are immigrants,
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Maesmynys, county of Powys 1878
The immediate neighbourhood of Builth, including villages having such
thoroughly Welsh names as Maesmynis and Llanddewi'rcwm, has become quite
English, and only on rare occasions can a Welsh sermon be heard there.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Maesyfed, county of Powys (=
"Radnor" i.e. the town of that name) 1675
Hoffwn,
er hynny, ychwanegu gair parthed hanes y Gymraeg yma gan na ellir derbyn sylw
Mr. Howse yn ei lyfr "Presteigne Past and Present" nad oes i'r
Gymraeg na doe na heddiw yma. Ni raid sôn am heddiw: yn ôl cyfrifiad 1961, deg
ar hugain o bobl a fedr yr iaith allan o boblogaeth o 1149 ac y mae'n sicr mai
pobl ddyfod ydynt. Ond fel arall yr oedd hi yn y gorffennol. Ni welais ddim i
awgrymu i foneddigion yr ardal gefnu ar y Gymraeg yn gynt na boneddigion
ardaloedd eraill y gororau. Dangosir y sefyllfa ymhlith y werin gan restrau a
gyhoeddodd Miss M. G. Jones yn nawfed cyfrol 'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau
Celtaidd'. Rhestrir plwyfi 'in which the poorest of the Welsh children are put
to school to learn English'. Yn 1675 yr oedd ugain o blant felly ym mhentref
Maesyfed, deugain yn Nhrefýclawdd, a deugain yn Llanandras. Tair blynedd wedyn
yr oedd yr un nifer ym Maesyfed, ugain yn Nhrefýclawdd, a deg ar hugain yn
Llanandras.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 17
OUR TRANSLATION: Despite that, I would like to add a word as regards the
history of the Welsh language since the comment of Mr. Howse in his book
"Presteigne Past and Present" cannot be accepted - that the Welsh
language has neither a today nor had it a yesterday here. There's no need to
mention today - according to the 1961 census, 30 people out of a population of
1149 can speak the language and it's pretty certain that they are incomers. But
it was a different situation in the past. I have seen nothing to suggest that
the nobility of the area turned their back on the Welsh language earlier than
did the nobility in other districts on the borders.. The situation among the
common people is shown by the lists which Miss M. G. Jones published in the
ninth volume of 'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd' (Bulletin of the Board of
Celtic Studies). Parishes are listed 'in which the poorest of the Welsh
children are put to school to learn English'. In 1675 there were twenty such
children in the village of Maesyfed {Radnor}, forty in Nhrefýclawdd {Knighton} , and forty in Llanandras {Presteigne}. Three years later there were the same number in Maesyfed, twenty in
Nhrefýclawdd, and thirty in Llanandras.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 17
===
Maesyfed, county of Powys (=
"Radnor" i.e. the town of that name) 1787
Ecclestiastical returns, and the evidence of Welsh nonconformist records
show that the county was largely Welsh-speaking in the eighteenth century. In
1787 there was an advertisement in the Hereford Journal for an articled clerk
in Radnor; 'if he understands the Welsh language, the more acceptable'. …The
really rapid decline came in the second half of the eighteenth century and the
beginning of the nineteenth. From about 1850 Welsh was confined to the
north-western corner adjacent to Cardiganshire.
Page 95; The Population of the Welsh
Border - Melville Richards Pages 77-100, Transactions of the Honourable Society
of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970 (Part 1), published 1971
===
Manselton = Tremansel
===
Merthyrtudful 1908
===
(ORIGINAL SPELLING)
Wythnos neu ddwy yn ôl, gwelais nodyn o eiddo Cynog yn cwyno oherwydd y
diystyrwch y mae y Gymraeg ynddo yn Merthyr. Hyderaf y daw yr ywmared a ddymuna
o rywle, ac y gwelir yr hen iaith eto mewn bri. Bûm yn y dref yn ddiweddar, a
theimlwn inau fod ei heinioes mewn perygl; anaml y clywid gair o Gymraeg ar yr
heol yno
(MODERN
SPELLING) Wythnos neu ddwy yn ôl, gwelais nodyn o eiddo Cynog yn cwyno oherwydd
y diystyrwch y mae y Gymraeg ynddo yn Merthyr. Hyderaf y daw yr ywmared a
ddymuna o rywle, ac y gwelir yr hen iaith eto mewn bri. Bûm yn y dref yn
ddiweddar, a theimlwn innau fod ei heinioes mewn perygl; anaml y clywid gair o
Gymraeg ar yr heol yno
A week or
two back, I saw an item by Cynog in which he complained of the disregard for
the Welsh language in Merthyr. I hope the salvation that he desires comes from
somewhere, and that the old language will once again be in vogue. I was in the
town lately, and I too felt that its continued existence was threatened. I rarely
heard a word of Welsh on the street there.
·················
(ORIGINAL SPELLING) Nid felly yr oedd Merthyr bum mlynedd ar hugain yn ôl.
Gwyddelod a Saeson oedd yr adeg hono yn gorfod dysgu Cymraeg, ac adwaenwn lawer
o honynt, a siaradent Gymraeg cystal a minau. Oddiar hyny y mae tuedd rhieni i
siarad Saesneg â’u plant wedi cynyddu, a rhyw wendid wedi codi i benau llawer o
bobl ieuainc, a pheri iddynt feddwl bod rhywbeth diraddiol mewn siarad Cymraeg.
Y mae llawer o starch a Saesneg
rywsut yn tynu at eu gilydd.
(MODERN
SPELLING) Nid felly yr oedd Merthyr bum mlynedd ar hugain yn ôl. Gwyddelod a
Saeson oedd yr adeg honno yn gorfod dysgu Cymraeg, ac adwaenwn lawer ohonynt, a
siaradent Gymraeg cystal â minnau. Oddiar hynny y mae tuedd rhieni i siarad
Saesneg â’u plant wedi cynyddu, a rhyw wendid wedi codi i bennau llawer o bobl
ieuainc, a pheri iddynt feddwl bod rhywbeth diraddiol mewn siarad Cymraeg. Y
mae llawer o startsh a Saesneg rywsut
yn tynnu at eu gilydd.
Merthyr
wasn’t like this twenty -five years ago {i.e.
around 1883}. Irishmen and Englishmen in those days were obliged to learn
Welsh, and I knew many of them who spoke Welsh as well as I do. Since then the
tendency for parents to speak English with their children has increased, and
something has got into the heads of many young people which makes them think
that there is something demeaning about speaking Welsh. Somehow ‘starch’
(pompousness) and the English language attract each other.
See article at ●kimkat0852k or
●kimkat0853e (reachable via Google)
===
Minera = Mwynglawdd
===
Mold = Yr Wyddgrug
===
Montgomery = Trefaldwyn
===
Mwynglawdd, county of Wrecsam (=
"Minera") 1878
In the parishes of Bersham, Broughton, Brymbo, Minera, and Esclusham above
to the West of Wrexham, which have a total population of 13,250 souls, Welsh is
spoken by seven-eighths of the population, and English by the same number, but
further in the interior of the country, and more especially in those parts
which are at some distance from railroads, the knowledge of English is still
very limited, scarcely more than half of the inhabitants being able to express
themselves in it.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Nantmel, county of Powys 1840
1 km west of Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Yma yn y
Dolau, cyn iddo ddyfod yn bregethwr adnabyddus, y cadwai Samuel Breeze ysgol yn
ystod y flwyddyn 1793-4. Yn ôl Jonathan Williams, hanesydd y sir, aethai plwyf
Nantmel yn ddwyieithog tua 1820 ac yr oedd y Saesneg yn dechrau ennill ar y
Gymraeg. Arferid Cymraeg yn y capel hyd 1840, fodd bynnag...
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 95
OUR TRANSLATION: Here in y Dolau, before he became a well-known preacher,
Samuel Breeze kept a school during the year 1793-4. According to Jonathan
Williams, the county historian, the parish of Nantmel became bilingual towards
1820 and the English language began to gain ground at the expense of Welsh.
Welsh was used in the chapel until 1840, however...
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county
(of) Maesyfed, (through) Radnorshire') 1968, page 95
(delwedd J6729)
===
Nantmel, county of Powys 1620
The existence of Welsh Black Letter Bibles like that at Nantmel, which
dates back to the year 1620, shows that the extinction of Welsh {in Radnorshire} is not to be measured by
centuries... As to Nantmel, Welsh seems to have been g{?} about a hundred years ago. The Vicar now tells
me that it is wholly extinct, whilst another informant makes it linger in the
north-western part of the parish, towards Rhayader.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Nantmel, county of Powys 1895
1 km west of Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Dywed
John Jones... yn ei 'History of the Baptists in Radnorshire', a gyhoeddwyd yn
1895, yr arferid Cymraeg gan mwyaf yng nghapeli'r Dolau, Nantmel a'r
Bontnewydd-ar-Wy pan oedd ef yn blentyn ond 'now... Welsh... is not understood
in these places, except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalennau 95, 96
OUR TRANSLATION: John Jones says... in his 'History of the Baptists in
Radnorshire', published in 1895, Welsh was used mostly in the chapels of Y
Dolau, Nantmel and Bontnewydd-ar-Wy {'Newbridge on Wye'} when he was a child but 'now... Welsh... is
not understood in these places, except by a few aged people'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, pages 95, 96
===
Nantmel, county of Powys 1961
1 km west of Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Yn ôl
Cyfrifiad 1961, allan o 652 o blwyolion Nantmel 31 oedd yn medru Cymraeg
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 96
OUR TRANSLATION: According to the 1961 Census, out of 652 of Nantmel
parishioners, 31 were able to speak Welsh
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 95
===
Newtown = Y Drenewydd
===
Radnor = Maesyfed
===
Pen-y-bont Rhyd y Cleifion, county
of Powys c1740
Ym mhen
draw'r rhos ymuna'r ffordd â'r A44 yng nghanol pentref Pen-y-bont. Pen-y-bont
Rhyd-y-Cleifion oedd yr enw gynt, ac wrth lwc bodlonodd y pentrefwyr yn
nechrau'r ganrif ddiwethaf ar gwtogi'r enw yn lle'i gyfieithu hefyd, fel y
gwnaed â'r Mynydd Bach draw ar y dde sydd bellach yn Little Hill... Sylwodd
Lewis Morris o Fôn {1701-1765} , a fu yma tua chanol y ddeunawfed ganrif, ar Gymraeg da y trigolion.
'The woman told us,' ebr ef, 'we might have some "Golwythion ac
wyau", rashers and eggs; "Pa un a fynwch ai cig moch ai cig eidion
tew"... They have better Welsh here than in Montgomeryshire, and much
better English, for all their children learn that language first. This is a
branch of the North Wales Welsh and they make a distinction between themselves
and "gwyr y Deheudir"'.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 28
OUR TRANSLATION: At the far end of the moorland the road joins the A44 {a main road} in the centre of the village of
Pen-y-bont {"(the)
end (of) the bridge} .
The former name was Pen-y-bont Rhyd-y-Cleifion {Pen-y-bont (by) Rhyd y Cleifion,
(the) ford (of ) the lepers), and luckily the villagers at the beginning of the nineteenth century
were content to shorten the name instead of translating it as well, as was done
with Mynydd Bach over on the right which is now Little Hill... Lewis Morris {1701-1765} from Môn {= island of Anglesey} , who was here towards the middle
of the nineteenth century, commented on the good Welsh of the inhabitants. 'The
woman told us,' he said, 'we might have some "Golwythion ac wyau",
rashers and eggs; "Pa un a fynwch ai cig moch ai cig eidion tew" {which one will you have
- pork or fat beef} ...
They have better Welsh here than in Montgomeryshire, and much better English,
for all their children learn that language first. This is a branch of the North
Wales Welsh and they make a distinction between themselves and "gwyr y
Deheudir" {(the) people (of) the south'}.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 28
(delwedd J6730)
===
Pen-y-bont Rhyd y Cleifion, county
of Powys c1790
Y mae
amheus iawn ai'r Saesneg oedd iaith y plant i gyd yna'r pryd hwnnw oblegid bod
digon o Gymry yma o hyd ymhen hanner canrif pan ymsefydlodd Ioan Thomas yn y
pentref yn 1790.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 28
OUR TRANSLATION: It's very doubtful whether English was the language of all the
children at that time because there were plenty of Welsh speakers here still
half a century after when Ioan Thomas settled in the village in 1790
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir
Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the) county (of) Maesyfed, (through)
Radnorshire') 1968, page 28
===
Presteigne = Llanandras
===
Rhaeadr-gwy, county of Powys (=
"Rhayader") 1878
At Rhayader (976 inhabitants) 200 persons still speak Welsh, but the
younger people have altogether forgotten it.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Rhaeadr-gwy, county of Powys (=
"Rhayader") 1907
In Radnorshire, during the construction of the Elan Valley reservoirs
between 1892 and 1907… the importation of workers from Ireland, Scotland and
England resulted in a very rapid recession in the speaking of Welsh around
Rhaeadr.
Melville Richards, The Population of the
Welsh Border; Page 97, Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion,
Session 1970, Part 1 (Cyhoeddwyd / Published 1971)
===
Rhayader = Rhaeadr-gwy
===
Y Rhath, county of Caer-dydd (=
"Roath") 1896
Notes of Information orally given to the Archivist by Mrs. MARY HARRIS and Mr.
JOB RICHARDS, both of Tai Cochion, Roath {= Y Rhath} , 17 October 1896: I found Mrs. Harris a hale
and intelligent woman, aged 81 years. She was born at Rumney {= Tredelerch}, but had lived at Roath nearly all
her life. She spoke Welsh much more readily than English, having known no
English till she was a full-grown woman. Her daughter, aged about fifty, also
spoke Welsh, but less fluently than English. Mr. Richards was then a hearty,
clear-headed man of about 70 years. He was born in the parish, at Ffynon Bren
cottage. He spoke Welsh and English with equal fluency.
(Cardiff Records (1889-1911), author John
Hobson Mathews, pseudonym "Mab Cernyw")
===
Rhiwabon, county of Wrecsam (=
"Ruabon") 1878
Ruabon (15,150 inhabitants in 1871, 18,000 now) lies within the Welsh
boundary, all, or nearly all religious services are conducted there in Welsh,
and "more Welsh is spoken every day," owing no doubt to the emigration
of labourers. Only 600 persons are said to speak English, and 2,000 Welsh and
English.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Rhuthun, county of Dinbych (=
"Ruthin") 1878
In Ruthin (3,298 inhabitants) Welsh is spoken by 85 per cent. of the
inhabitants.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Roath = Y Rhath
===
Ruabon = Rhiwabon
===
Rumney = Tredelerch
===
Ruthin = Rhuthun
===
Saint Harmon, county of Powys 1878
In the parish of St. Harmon {?some - unreadable} fifty years ago, when one of my contributors
was a boy, {?all
of the – unreadable}
services, with rare exceptions were in Welsh. At the present day Welsh is only
spoken by the older people, and a m{?ajority} speak it only in that part of the parish which abuts upon the river
Wye.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Saint Asaph = Llanelwy
===
Selatyn, Swydd Amwythig / Shropshire, England (=
"Selattyn") 1878
In Selattyn Welsh is spoken now only by the older people, but there are
still {? -
unreadable} services in
Welsh to five in English. In the township of Sychtyn, the Welsh are in a majority.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
(delwedd J6731)
===
Shocklach (Swydd Gaer / Cheshire,
England), c1400
But it is not only in anglicized Flintshire that there was a Welsh resurgence.
There is ample evidence for Welsh settlements in Cheshire, not only in areas on
the border like Schochlach {Shocklach, 5km north-west of Malpas} with names like David son of
Iorwerth son of Gruffydd, and David Bolgrach in the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries, but further east also in Coddington (Iorwerth son of Madog son of
Einion in 1288, Gwenllian daughter of Gwilym ap John in 1362) and even in
Tushingham (Lleucu daughter of Ithel in 1305)
Page 86; The Population of the Welsh
Border - Melville Richards. Pages 77-100, Transactions of the Honourable
Society of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970 (Part 1), published 1971
===
Shropshire = Swydd Amwythig
===
Sir Aberhonddu (=
"Breconshire") 1809
The language of the inhabitants of Brecknockshire holding small farms, as well
as of the lower rank of people, is principally British or Welsh, except upon
the borders of the Wye in the hundred of Talgarth, where the vile English
jargon, some time back introduced into Radnorshire, has crept into use, of late
years indeed, the English language has become more general throughout the
county than it was during the former and greater part of the last century; it
is pronounced in tones and accents difficult to be described, though easily
perceived by the ear, yet in general it is free from grammatical inaccuracies,
there are however a few peculiarities arising from prejudices or the difference
of idiom between their own vernacular tongue and that of their fellow subjects
of England, which like the Shibboleth of the Ephraimites, instantly discover
the Briton.
Theophilus Jones, History of
Brecknockshire, published 1805 -1809.
===
Sir Aberteifi (=
"Cardiganshire") 1878
Cardiganshire is Welsh throughout. Even at Aberystwyth, its principal town,
the services in 11 out of 16 places of worship are conducted in Welsh, and
though most of the inhabitants speak English, there are few who do not also
understand Welsh. But while Welsh is slowly losing ground there, it is said
firmly to maintain its hold upon the people throughout the rest of the
county.... Only immigrants and a few "aristocrats" do not understand
it. Only in 3 places of worship are the services of the Established Church
conducted in English; in 44 they are carried out in Welsh; in 39 in both
languages. The Dissenting bodies make but little use of English. At the same
time there exists a very general desire to acquire a knowledge of English,
which is spoken, more or less fluently by a majority of the inhabitants in the
towns, and by many country people. In the more remote districts, however, not
10 in a 100 are able to read and write English correctly. Upon the whole, I
believe we may assume that rather more than one half of the inhabitants are
able to express themselves in English.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Ddinbych (=
"Denbighshire") 1878
Denbighshire, with the exception of territory of limited extent, but
including the important town of Wrexham, is wholly Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of
the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Drefaldwyn (=
"Montgomeryshire") 1878
Montgomeryshire is one of those border counties in which Welsh is visibly
losing ground. In the valley of the Severn {Hafren} up to within a mile or two of Llanllwchaiarn
and Newtown {Y
Drenewydd} {... - unreadable} to the east of that river, Welsh is
heard only in the mouths of immigrants and of a few very old people... Along
the whole of the Severn, from Llanidloes down to and beyond Newtown, Welsh is
gradually being forgotten, although still largely employed in the religious
services of the Dissenters and occasionally even in the Established Church...
The linguistic boundary on crossing the northern boundary passes between
Llansaintffraid and Llanferchain, strikes the Vyrnwy {Efyrnwy} below and follows that river up to Meifod,
thence it runs south to Castle Caereinion, crosses the river Rhiw between New
Mills and Llanwyddelan, leaving Manafon to the south. It then proceeds by
Gregynog Hall and Bwlchyffridd to Llanwnog, crosses the Cambrian railway at the
Pont-dol-goch station, intersects the parish of Trefeglwys, approaches close to
the Severn at Dollys, passes to the west of Llanidloes, and finally reaches the
Radnorshire boundary to the east of the Wye. In the districts which border upon
this line in the east Welsh is still spoken, but not by a majority, but to the
west of it Welsh is slowly losing ground on the eastern watershed of the
county, but on the western slope, in Cyfeiliog, its hold is firm, even
immigrants and their children frequently acquire it, and English is used very
little in religious services.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Faesyfed (=
"Radnorshire") 1700-1800
Ecclestiastical returns, and the evidence of Welsh nonconformist records
show that the county was largely Welsh-speaking in the eighteenth century. In
1787 there was an advertisement in the Hereford Journal for an articled clerk
in Radnor; 'if he understands the Welsh language, the more acceptable'. …The
really rapid decline came in the second half of the eighteenth century and the
beginning of the nineteenth. From about 1850 Welsh was confined to the
north-western corner adjacent to Cardiganshire.
Page 95; The Population of the Welsh
Border - Melville Richards Pages 77-100, Transactions of the Honourable Society
of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970 (Part 1), published 1971
===
Sir Faesyfed (=
"Radnorshire") 1878
As in the Highlands, the natives of the county emigrate in considerable
numbers to England, whilst natives of England settle in the county. In 1871 no
less than 14% were natives of England. Welsh still lingers in the extreme
north-western corner of the county, but elsewhere it is spoken only by a few
immigrants.... The services of the Church of England throughout the county are
conducted in English with one curious exception - "at Rhayader, where four
Welsh sermons must annually be delivered, under a bequest."... Practically
it is extinct. I believe that a line which crosses the Wye from Rhayader and
then runs south at some distance from it, t{?o the} Vale, where there is the only Welsh Baptist
Chapel in the county, will be found to include that small portion of
Radnosrhire where Welsh is still the language of the majority. This small
territory embraces 54 square miles, wiht 713 inhabitants of whom 470 speak
Welsh. Outside of it lies a smaller district of 20 square miles, with 2,000
inhabitants, inclusive of the {?parish} of Rhayader, within which about 530 speak Welsh. All the {?rest} of Radnorshire is as completely
English as any county in the land.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Feirionnydd (=
"Merionethshire") 1878
Merioneth is quite as Welsh as Carnarvon {Caernarfon} , although a knowledge of English is more
general. All speak Welsh, with the exception of immigrants and a few persons of
the upper classes. All, or nearly all, speak English in towns, and among many
of the younger people in the country districts Welsh maintains its ground.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Fôn (= "Anglesey") 1878
Anglesey, in spite of its Saxon name, is thoroughly Welsh, and the knowledge
of English is more restricted in that county than in any other portion of
similar extent throughout Wales. I am even assured that Welsh "is studied
to a greater extent by the younger generation than formerly, and that even
English immigrants learn a little Welsh." Welsh is almost exclusively used
in all churches, chapels, and Sunday schools, those of the Roman Catholic
Irish, who are numerous at Holyhead, excepted
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Frycheiniog (=
"Breconshire") 1878
Breconshire is much influenced by its contact with English speaking
districts, but for the present the language of the majority is Welsh. English
is invading the county from three points, viz., from Builth, from Hay, and
Abergavenny, on the Usk...Throughout the remainder of the county Welsh remains
to the present day the language of the vast majority, it being heard the most
frequently in the country extending from the river Usk {Wysg} towards Glamorganshire. In the districts to
the north of the Usk {Wysg} it {Welsh} is spoken by about 80 per cent, and
in the valley of the Yrfon {Irfon} , in the north-west, by 75 per cent; Lanwrtyd {Llanwrtud} , however, on the Carmarthen {Caerfyrddin} border, being wholly Welsh. The
only large town in which Welsh is spoken by a majority is Brynmawr {Bryn-mawr} , on the Monmouthshire frontier.
Welsh is said to lose ground, in some cases rapidly, nearly throughout, but in
the south and extreme west it is said to maintain itself, though English is
coming into more general use
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir Fynwy, (=
"Monmouthshire") 1890
Cymraeg
yn Sir Fynwy: “Ofer i ni ddisgwyl i’r Gymraeg i fyw, tra cael ei bradychu yn
nhy ei charedigion. Gwaeddwn hir oes i’r Iaith Gymraeg, ond ni symudwn law na
throed i’w cynorthwyo i fyw, yn hytrach o’r tu arall, ymdrechwn ei chladdu yn
fyw. Yr wyf wedi bod yn siarad yn ddiweddar a rhieni yn Sir Fynwy, a gofyn pa
beth yw y rheswm na fuasent yn dysgu Cymraeg i’w plant, ac yn ei dysgu i siarad
Cymraeg yn y ty? Beth bynag, dywedodd amryw wrthyf eu bod wedi gwneud eu gorau
i ddysgu Cymraeg iddynt, ac nad oedd eu plant hynaf yn gwybod dim ond Cymraeg
cyn myned i’r ysgol; ond wedi myn’d i ysgolion Seisnig ein gwlad, lle y mae y
Gymraeg nid yn unig yn cael ei diorseddu yn hollol, eithr lle y cosbir y plant
am ei siarad; troent yn hollol i siarad Saesneg, a gwrthodent siarad Cymraeg, a
byddai y plentyn hynaf yma, yr hwn oedd wedo cael ei wneud yn Sais gan yr ysgol
Seisnig ddyddiol, yn gwneud yr holl blant eraill yn Saeson ar waethaf y tad a’r
fam: felly, os ydym fel Cymry am gadw iaith ein tadau yn fyw yn ein gwlad,
rhaid i ni fynu ei chael i’r ysgolion dyddiol yn ddioedi. Y mae rhaglen
‘Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg’ yn burion, mor bell ag y mae yn myned, ond nid yn
myned haner digon pell. Dylai yn y man lleiaf fned mor belled a chynhyrfu er
cael y Gymraeg i’w dysgu yn ein hysgolion dyddiol ar ei phen ei hun, er mwyn ei
hun, ac er mwyn gwireddu prophwydoliaeth Myrddin:-
“Eu hiaith a gadwant,
Eu tir a gollant,
Ond gwyllt Gwalia.”
Gwnaeth y Llywodraeth Doriaidd ac Undebol hon roddi hawl i ni ddysgu Cymraeg yn
yr ysgolion dyddiol yn Nghymru, a thalu am hyny; ond mor bell ag yr wyf wedi
clywed, y neaf peth i ddim wnaed o ddefnydd o’r hawl hono, o herwydd Dic Shon
Dafyddiaeth. Arholwyr ac awdurdodau ysgolion dyddiol Cymru, ac o herwydd o
bosibl analluogrwydd yr ysgolfeistri i ddysgu Cymraeg i’w plant, fel y mae yn
gywilydd ganddynt ddangos eu hanwybodaeth i’r plant. Y nesaf peth i ddim wyr
llawer o ysgolfeistri Cymru am y Gymraeg, hyd yn nod y rhai hyny syddwedi cael
eu dwyn i fyny yn y Gymraeg; ac heblaw hyny , y mae llawer o Seison yn
ysgolfeistri yng Nghymru na wyddant ddim bô yn Gymraeg. Dyma rai cyfaddas i
ddysgu plant sydd yn gwybod dim ond y Gymraeg! ond o bosibl, ei fod yn
drefniant campus i’r CYmry hyny sydd yn gwneud pobpeth, er lladdd y Gymraeg –
yr iaith eu magwyd ynddi – yn yr hon y swniasant eiriau gyntaf, ttra y gwnant
bobpeth er dyrchafu y Seisneg i’r seithfed nefoedd; a diameu y credant eu bod
yn gwneud gwasanaeth i Ddduw drwy wneud hyny. O ynfydion, a deillion yn meddwl
mai llesiant yw dinistrio nodweddion da gwahanredol unrhyw gendl ar allor
unrhywiaeth annaturiol. Os oes rhywun yn anghrediniol ar y pwnc, cydmared y
CYmry hyny sydd wedi colli eu hiaith a’r Cymry sydd yn ei chadw hyd hedyw; a
gwelir y gwahaniaeth dirfawr sydd ynddynt. Ymddengys fod gadael y Gymraeg am y
Seisnig yn fynych yn ddinystr crefyddol iddynt; collant y bywiogrwydd hwnw sydd
yn nodweddu y Cymro. Wrth wadu yr iaith, gwadant hefyd yn fynych eu cariad ar y
Beibl ac at bynciau crefyddol, a deuant yn llawer mwy materol yn eu meddyliau.
Pwy ysgolfeistr gawsai gadw ysgol ddyddiol yn Lloegr, heb ei fod yn gwybod
Seisneg? Dim neb, ond yr ydym ni, y Cymry, mor wasaidd, fel y cyflogwn estron
heb fod yn gwybod yr iaith i ddysgu ein plant. Os ydym fel Cymry am gadw ein
hiaith yn fyw, mae yn bryd i ni godi at ein gwaith. Mae lluoedd yn yr ardal yma
yn dweyd wrthyf y buasai yn dda ganddynt pe buasent yn gwybod y Gymraeg, a
dylem fel gwladgarwyr ofalu fod yr oes nesaf yn gwybod Cymraeg yn fwy
cyffredinol na’r oes hon. Buasai yn fwy o anffawd i ni golli y Gymraeg na phe
buasem yn colli y Saesneg.”
Cyfaill yr Aelwyd 1890 tudalen 294
OUR TRANSLATION:
===
Sir Gaernarfon (=
"Caernarfonshire / Carnarvonshire") 1878
Carnarvon {Caernarfon} is quite as Welsh as its southern
neighbour, although owing to the larger number of English immigrants, the
number of persons speaking Welsh is relatively smaller. Nearly all religious
services are conducted in Welsh, and Welsh maintains its ground amongst young
and old. English is "understood by many, spoken by very few." The
majority of the older inhabitants do not understand it, except in the principal
towns of the south, where its use, for business purposes, is universal. The
children of immigrants, I am informed, learn Welsh in most cases.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Sir y Fflint (=
"Flintshire") 1878
Flintshire has a mixed population, but that portion of the county which
lies within the linguistic boundary is as purely Welsh as any other part of
Wales. Im Maelor Saesneg, the Saxon land (43 square miles, 5,948 inhabitants),
a detached portion of the county, Welsh has wholly disappeared since the days
of Henry VIII... The linguistic boundary which separates the county proper in
two portions of very unequal size begins at Wepre, at the mouth of the river
Dee, runs south-weast, crossing the river Alyn above Hope, and then follows
closely the right bank of the river mentioned. All to the south-east of that
line, with the exception that a large number of Welsh labourers are employed in
the hamlets of Chemistry, Shotton, Queensferry, Pentre, and Sandycroft, all of
them near the Dee, in the Saltney township of Hawarden. These labourers,
forming about 40% of the population of the township, are immigrants, and their
children do not learn Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
St Asaph = Llanelwy
===
Swansea = Abertawe
===
Swydd Amwythig (= Shropshire) 1878
Shropshire is an English county, but a small portion of the western
extremity is Welsh, including the parishes of Selattyn, Llanyblodwel, and the
township of Sychtyn, which have an area of 19 square miles and 2,469
inhabitants, of whom 900 speak Welsh. The linguistic boundary is formed by
Offa's Wall, and by a {?line - unreadable} running through the townships of Sychtyn to Garth-uchaf {?o} Afon Tanat, in the parish of
Llanyblodwel. To the west of the line Welsh preponderates, to the east
English... Welsh immigrants are indeed numerous throughout Shropshire, and
there are Welsh chapels at Oswestry, Shrewsbury, Houlston, Coed {unreadable} , Bomer Heath, and Cyrnybwch.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Swydd Gaer (= Cheshire)
See Coddington, 1362; Shocklach, c1400, Tushingham, 1305
===
Sychdyn (= Soughton)
In Selattyn Welsh is
spoken now only by the older people, but there are still {? - unreadable} services in Welsh to five in
English. In the township of Sychtyn, the Welsh are in a majority.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages
of the British Isles" (1878); see article at kimkat0805e
===
Talgarth, county of Powys 1809
The language of the inhabitants of Brecknockshire holding small farms, as
well as of the lower rank of people, is principally British or Welsh, except
upon the borders of the Wye in the hundred of Talgarth, where the vile English
jargon, some time back introduced into Radnorshire, has crept into use, of late
years indeed, the English language has become more general throughout the
county than it was during the former and greater part of the last century; it
is prnounced in tones and accents difficult to be described, though easily perceived
by the ear, yet in general it is free from grammatical inaccuracies, there are
however a few peculiarities arising from prejudices or the difference of idiom
between their own vernacular tongue and that of their fellow subjects of
England, which like the Shibboleth of the Ephraimites, instantly discover the
Briton.
Theophilus Jones, History of Brecknockshire 1805/1809.
===
Talgarth, county of Powys 1878
At Talgarth Welsh was common many years ago, but is now spoken by only a
minority.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Talgarth, county of Powys 1886
Mae Sir Frycheiniog yn cael ei Saisonegu yn gyflym.
Mae Cymraeg wedi darfod, fel iaith crefydd, er ys dros 60 mlynedd, yn y Gelli;
ac, ers amryw flyneddau bellach, yn Llanfair-yn-muallt. Haner-yn-haner yw y
gwasanaeth Sabbathol yn nghapeli yr holl Anghydffurfwyr yn Nhalgarth a
Chrughywel; a chyn diwedd y ganrif, Saisoneg fydd iaith y cysegr yn mhob tre'
yn y sir.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir Frycheiniog, Y Geninen, Cyfrol 4,
1886
OUR TRANSLATION: Breconshire is quickly being anglicised in language. The Welsh
language disappeared, as the language of religious services, over sixty years
ago, in Y Gelli (= Hay on Wye) {i.e. circa 1826} ; and, some
years ago now, in Llanfair ym Muallt (= Builth Wells). The Sabbath service is
half and half in the chapels of all the non-Conformists in Talgarth and
Crucywel; and before the end of the century, English will be the language of
the sacraments in every town in the county.
J. R. Kilsby Jones, Ychydig o Hanes Sir Frycheiniog (A Brief History of
Breconshire), Y Geninen (The Leek), Cyfrol (Volume) 4, 1886
===
Three Cocks = Aberllynfi
===
Y Trallwng, county of Powys (= "Welshpool") 1878
At Welshpool and Montgomery Welsh has been extinct among the natives {?during
- unreadable} these fifty years. At Newtown, however, about thirty per cent of
the inhabitants are still able to converse in Welsh, and a similar proportion
of Welsh speakers is met with as far as Llanidloes beyond which the Severn
valley penetrates a territory which is still wholly Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Y Trallwng, county of Powys (= "Welshpool") 1910
Cerdd llawer pererin o bell i gael Ysgol Sul Gymraeg
yng nghapel yr Annibynwyr yn y Trallwm, ond troir yr addoliad yn Saesneg yng
nghapelydd bychain y wlad o leiaf gan mlynedd yn rhy fuan.
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol", Cymru, Cyfrol 38, Mai 1910, tudalen
245.
OUR TRANSLATION: Many a pilgrim walks from afar to attend Sunday School at the
Independents' Welsh in Y Trallwm (= "Welshpool"), but the (act of)
worship is becoming English in the small country chapels at least a hundred
years too soon.
"I Godi'r Hen Iaith yn ei Hol", (= "to restore the old
language") Cymru, Volume 38, Mai (May) 1910, page 245.
===
Tal-y-bont, county of Ceredigion, circa 1848
Af am dro, yn fy adgofion, i hen amaethdŷ a elwir y Winllan, lle y
treuliais ddwy flynedd o foreu fy oes yn was bach neu hogyn cadw. Saif y
Winllan yng nghwmwd Geneu’r Glyn, rhwng y Geulan a’r Leri, a thua hanner y
ffordd rhwng Cors Fochno a Phumlumon, ac yn sir Aberteifi. Gwlad fynyddig a
bugeiliol yw hon; a thua hanner can mlynedd yn ol yr oedd mor Gymreig, h.y. mor
amddifad o Saesneg ag unrhyw barth o Gymru.
Hela Hen Eiriau. Gan Spinther. Seren Gomer 1898, tudalennau 238-245
OUR TRANSLATION: I shall go for a walk, in my memory, to the old farmhouse
called Y Winllan {plantation; vineyard}, where I spent two years of
my youth as a farm servant – “gwas bach” {servant of lowest
status} or “hogyn cadw” {kept lad}. The Winllan
stands in the kumud of Geneu’r Glyn, between (the rivers) Geulan and Leri, half way between
Cors Fochno (the bog of Mochno) and Pumlumon (name of uplands), and in the
county of Aberteifi (Cardiganshire). This is hilly sheep-rearing country and
fifty years ago it was as Welsh, that is, so devoid of English, as any (other)
area of Wales.
Hela Hen Eiriau (hunting down old words). By Spinther.
Seren Gomer (magazine name) 1898, pages 238-245
===
Tredelerch, county of
Caer-dydd (= "Rumney") 1896
Notes of Information orally given to the Archivist by Mrs. MARY HARRIS and Mr.
JOB RICHARDS, both of Tai Cochion, Roath {= Y Rhath} , 17 October 1896: I
found Mrs. Harris a hale and intelligent woman, aged 81 years. She was born at
Rumney, but had lived at Roath nearly all her life. She spoke Welsh much more
readily than English, having known no English till she was a full-grown woman.
Her daughter, aged about fifty, also spoke Welsh, but less fluently than
English. Mr. Richards was then a hearty, clear-headed man of about 70 years. He
was born in the parish, at Ffynon Bren cottage. He spoke Welsh and English with
equal fluency.
(Cardiff Records (1889-1911), author John Hobson Mathews, pseudonym
"Mab Cernyw")
===
Trefaldwyn, county of Powys (= "Montgomery"), 1878
At Welshpool and Montgomery Welsh has been extinct among the natives {?during
- unreadable} these fifty years. At Newtown, however, about thirty per cent of
the inhabitants are still able to converse in Welsh, and a similar proportion
of Welsh speakers is met with as far as Llanidloes beyond which the Severn
valley penetrates a territory which is still wholly Welsh.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Trefesgob (= "Bishton"), county of Casnewydd ar
Wysg 1856
There is a great difference between the dialects of Menevia and Morganwg.
Throughout the middle and eastern districts the vowel i has almost its full
sound in hundreds of words, as shall be noticed hereafter. Towards the Saxon
border, a certain strangeness dwells on the faces of the men, somewhat similar
to the gloomy appearance that ensues when the sun is hidden by a cloud previous
to its setting in the west. From Ergyng to Talgoed (Caldicot) one meets with
heavy, lanky, and very ignorant men; and the old people that are there,
especially towards Tre'r Esgob {in modern Welsh
Trefesgob, in English Bishton, 5 miles / 8 kilometres east of Casnewydd /
Newport} ,
speak Welsh, which is unintelligible to the uni-lingual Cymro. They have so
much the English accent, and occasionally an old word like ebargofi , that they
cause a mixture of grief and astonishment in the bosom of the visitor.
A Treatise on the Chief Peculiarities that Distinguish the Cymraeg, as
Spoken by the Inhabitants of Gwent and Morganwg Respectively. Pererindodwr.
Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1856. Full text at 0959.
===
Treffynnon, county of Y Fflint (= "Holywell"),
1878
In the towns of Welsh Flintshire English is of course the language of
business, but Welsh is spoken by the bulk of the people. In Holywell (3,540
inhabitants, of whom 95 per cent speak Welsh),... it is said to maintain its
ground,
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Trefyclo (earlier form: Trefyclawdd), county of Powys
(= "Knighton"), 1675
Hoffwn, er hynny, ychwanegu gair parthed hanes y
Gymraeg yma gan na ellir derbyn sylw Mr. Howse yn ei lyfr "Presteigne Past
and Present" nad oes i'r Gymraeg na doe na heddiw yma. Ni raid sôn am
heddiw: yn ôl cyfrifiad 1961, deg ar hugain o bobl a fedr yr iaith allan o
boblogaeth o 1149 ac y mae'n sicr mai pobl ddyfod ydynt. Ond fel arall yr oedd
hi yn y gorffennol. Ni welais ddim i awgrymu i foneddigion yr ardal gefnu ar y
Gymraeg yn gynt na boneddigion ardaloedd eraill y gororau. Dangosir y sefyllfa
ymhlith y werin gan restrau a gyhoeddodd Miss M. G. Jones yn nawfed cyfrol
'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd'. Rhestrir plwyfi 'in which the poorest of
the Welsh children are put to school to learn English'. Yn 1675 yr oedd ugain o
blant felly ym mhentref Maesyfed, deugain yn Nhrefýclawdd, a deugain yn
Llanandras. Tair blynedd wedyn yr oedd yr un nifer ym Maesyfed, ugain yn
Nhrefýclawdd, a deg ar hugain yn Llanandras.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 17
OUR TRANSLATION: Despite that, I would like to add a word as regards the
history of the Welsh language since the comment of Mr. Howse in his book
"Presteigne Past and Present" cannot be accepted - that the Welsh
language has neither a today nor had it a yesterday here. There's no need to
mention today - according to the 1961 census, 30 people out of a population of
1149 can speak the language and it's pretty certain that they are incomers. But
it was a different situation in the past. I have seen nothing to suggest that
the nobility of the area turned their back on the Welsh language earlier than
did the nobility in other districts on the borders.. The situation among the
common people is shown by the lists which Miss M. G. Jones published in the
ninth volume of 'Bwletin y Bwrdd Gwybodau Celtaidd' (Bulletin of the Board of
Celtic Studies). Parishes are listed 'in which the poorest of the Welsh
children are put to school to learn English'. In 1675 there were twenty such children
in the village of Maesyfed {Radnor} , forty in
Nhrefýclawdd {Knighton} , and forty in Llanandras {Presteigne} . Three years
later there were the same number in Maesyfed, twenty in Nhrefýclawdd, and
thirty in Llanandras.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the)
county (of) Maesyfed, (through) Radnorshire') 1968, page 17
===
Trefyclo (earlier form: Trefyclawdd), county of Powys
(= "Knighton"), 1823
Ni wn pryd y darfu'r Gymraeg yma, ond y mae'n debyg iddi barhau yn ddiweddarach
nag y tybir. Bu'r Parchedig G. J. Freeman, awdur 'Sketches in Wales' yma yn
1823, ac fe geir a ganlyn yn y llyfr hwnnw: 'my friend... longed to hear a
foreign tongue spoken fluently. He had soon an opportunity of gratifying
himself in this particular from some idlers in the town streets'. Yn ôl
Cyfrifiad 1961 y mae ychydig dros hanner cant o bobl y dref yn medru Cymraeg
heddiw. Y mae'n sicr gennyf nad yw'r un ohonynt, ar wahân i blentyn neu ddau,
yn frodor o'r dref.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed, 1968, tudalen 48
OUR TRANSLATION:
I don't know when the Welsh language ceased here, but it is likely that it
lasted later than is thought. The Reverend G. J. Freeman, author of 'Sketches
in Wales' was here in 1823, and the following is found in that book: 'my
friend... longed to hear a foreign tongue spoken fluently. He had soon an
opportunity of gratifying himself in this particular from some idlers in the
town streets'. According to the 1961 Census there are a slightly over fifty
people of the town who speak Welsh today. I'm certain that not one of them,
apart from a child or two, is a native of the town.
Ffransis George Payne, Crwydro Sir Faesyfed ('wandering (through) (the)
county (of) Maesyfed, (through) Radnorshire') 1968, page 48
===
Tremansel, county of Abertawe (= "Manselton") 1925
Anglicised Schools in Swansea. Changes Brought About by Housing Schemes. Hafod
Becomes English.
As recently as 20 years ago, Cwmbwrla, Manselton and the Hafod districts and
all the districts to the north and east of these were mainly Welsh. Today Hafod
has become English. Out of 1024 children, only 17 were reported as coming from
homes where Welsh was the home language. Manselton and Cwmbwrla were rapidly
following. At Manselton, out of 941 children, only 65, and at Cwmbwrla, out of
798 children, only 47 came from families where Welsh was the home language.
Mid-Glamorgan Herald, 7 November 1925.
===
Tushingham (Swydd Gaer / Cheshire, England), 1305
But it is not only in anglicized Flintshire that there was a Welsh resurgence.
There is ample evidence for Welsh settlements in Cheshire, not only in areas on
the border like Schochlach {Shocklach, 5km north-west of Malpas} with names
like David son of Iorwerth son of Gruffydd, and David Bolgrach in the fourteenth
and fifteenth centuries, but further east also in Coddington (Iorwerth son of
Madog son of Einion in 1288, Gwenllian daughter of Gwilym ap John in 1362) and
even in Tushingham (Lleucu daughter of Ithel in 1305)
Page 86; The Population of the Welsh Border - Melville Richards. Pages
77-100, Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, Session 1970
(Part 1), published 1971
===
Waun, Y county of Wrecsam (= "Chirk") 1878
In the parish of Chirk, the Western portion of which is intersected by
Offa's Dyke, there is a Welsh chapel, poorly attended, and Welsh is now
understood only by a few old people.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Wentloog = Gwynllŵg
===
Wrecsam, county of Wrecsam (=
"Wrexham") 1878
Within it lies the town of Wrexham, which had 8,576 inhabitants at the last
census, but now has 10,000, and where Welsh is used by three or four
congregations, English by twelve.
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
Welshpool = Y Trallwng
===
Wrexham = Wrecsam
===
Wyddgrug, Yr county of Y Fflint (=
"Mold") 1878
In the towns of Welsh Flintshire English is of course the language of
business, but Welsh is spoken by the bulk of the people. ...In Mold (3,976
inhabitants) it is said to maintain its ground
Ravenstein, E.G. "Celtic Languages of the British Isles" (1878);
see article at kimkat0805e
===
COUNTY NAME, and places mentioned in the county
Abertawe:
Abertawe;
Craig-cefn-parc;
Cwmbwrla;
Hafod;
Tremansel;
Blaenau Gwent:
Blaenau Gwent;
Bryn-mawr
Bro Morgannwg:
Llanilltud
Fawr
Caer-dydd:
Rhath, Y
Tredelerch
Caerffili:
Caerffili
Caerfyrddin:
Caerfyrddin
Casnewydd:
Cas-bach;
Gwynllŵg;
Trefesgob
Ceredigion:
Aberystwyth
Tal-y-bont (Y Winllan)
Conwy:
Conwy;
Llandudno
De-ddwyrain Cymru (South-east Wales)
Dinbych:
Dinbych;
Llanelwy;
Rhuthun;
Fflint, Y:
Fflint, Y;
Hob, Yr;
Treffynnon;
Wyddgrug Yr;
Gwynedd:
Ffestiniog;
Harlech;
Llandecwyn;
Bangor;
Môn:
Caergybi;
Mynwy:
Fenni, Y;
Powys:
Aberhafesp;
Aberhonddu;
Aberllynfi;
Bontnewydd ar Wy, Y;
Capelisaf;
Capel-y-ffin;
Crucywel;
Cwm Efyrnwy;
Cwmteuddwr;
Diserth / Y Ddiserth yn Elfael;
Dolau, Y
Drenewydd, Y;
Gelligandryll, Y;
Llanandras;
Llanddewi'r Cwm;
Llandinam;
Llandysilio;
Llaneigon;
Llanfair ym Muallt;
Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Llangenni;
Llangurig;
Llanidloes;
Llansantffraid ym Mechain;
Llansilin;
Llanwrtud;
Llanymynech;
Maesmynys;
Maesyfed;
Nantmel;
Pen-y-bont Rhyd y Cleifion;
Rhaeadr-gwy;
Saint Harmon;
Talgarth;
Trallwng, Y;
Trefaldwyn;
Trefyclo;
Swydd Amwythig:
Llanyblodwel;
Selatyn;
Swydd Gaer;
Coddington;
Shocklach;
Tushingham;
Swydd Henffordd:
Ergyn;
Wrecsam:
Bangor Is-coed;
Brychdyn;
Brymbo;
Mwynglawdd;
Rhiwabon;
Waun, Y;
Wrecsam;
·····
United States of America:
Foreston, Iowa;
1305 :: Tushingham
1362 :: Coddington
1400 (circa) :: Shocklach
1675 :: Llanandras
1675 :: Maesyfed
1675 :: Trefyclo
1700-1800 :: Sir Faesyfed
1730 :: Bangor Is-coed
1746 :: Diserth / Y Ddiserth yn Elfael
1750 (circa) :: Pen-y-bont Rhyd y Cleifion
1787 :: Maesyfed
1809 :: Talgarth
1809 :: Sir Aberhonddu
1822 :: Aberhonddu
1823 :: Trefyclo
1826 (circa) :: Gelligandryll
1827 :: Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
1828 :: Llanidloes
1833 :: Llangurig
1833 :: Llanidloes
1835 :: Cas-bach (Casnewydd)
1840 (circa) :: Craig-cefn-parc
1840 :: Dolau, Y
1845 :: Bontnewydd ar Wy, Y
1856 :: Trefesgob
1856 :: Gwynllŵg,
1858 (circa) :: Tal-y-bont (Ceredigion)
1860 :: Ergyn, Swydd Henffordd,
1872 :: Llanidloes
1878 :: Wyddgrug, Yr
1878 :: Wrecsam
1878 :: Waun, Y
1878 :: Treffynnon
1878 :: Trefaldwyn
1878 :: Trallwng, Y
1878 :: Talgarth
1878 :: Swydd Amwythig
1878 :: Sir y Fflint
1878 :: Sir Gaernarfon
1878 :: Sir Frycheiniog
1878 :: Sir Fôn
1878 :: Sir Feirionnydd
1878 :: Sir Faesyfed
1878 :: Sir Drefaldwyn
1878 :: Sir Ddinbych
1878 :: Sir Aberteifi
1878 :: Selatyn
1878 :: Saint Harmon
1878 :: Rhuthun
1878 :: Rhiwabon
1878 :: Rhaeadr-gwy
1878 :: Nantmel
1878 :: Mwynglawdd
1878 :: Maesmynys
1878 :: Llanymynech
1878 :: Llanyblodwel
1878 :: Llanwrtud
1878 :: Llansilin
1878 :: Llansantffraid ym Mechain
1878 :: Llangenni
1878 :: Llanfair ym Muallt
1878 :: Llanelwy
1878 :: Llaneigon
1878 :: Llandysilio
1878 :: Llandudno
1878 :: Llandinam
1878 :: Llanddewi'r Cwm
1878 :: Hob, Yr
1878 :: Harlech
1878 :: Gelligandryll, Y
1878 :: Fflint, Y
1878 :: Drenewydd, Y
1878 :: Dinbych
1878 :: Cwmteuddwr
1878 :: Cwm Efyrnwy
1878 :: Crucywel
1878 :: Conwy
1878 :: Ceredigion
1878 :: Capel-y-ffin
1878 :: Caergybi
1878 :: Bryn-mawr
1878 :: Brymbo
1878 :: Brychdyn
1878 :: Bangor
1878 :: Aberystwyth
1878 :: Aberllynfi
1878 :: Aberhonddu
1878 :: Aberhafesp
1879 :: Caerfyrddin
1886 :: Talgarth
1886 :: Llanfair ym Muallt
1886 :: Crucywel
1890 :: Ffestiniog
1892 :: Llanilltud Fawr
1896 :: Y Rhath
1896 :: Tredelerch
1895 :: Bontnewydd ar Wy, Y
1895 :: Dolau, Y
1895 :: Llansanffráid ym Mechain
1895 :: Llandecwyn
1895 :: Nantmel
1895 :: Foreston, Iowa
1900 (circa) :: Gwynllŵg,
1900 (circa) :: Blaenau Gwent,
1902 :: De-ddwyrain Cymru (South-east Wales)
1907 :: Rhaeadr-gwy
1907 :: Cwmteuddwr
Aberystwyth = Aberystwyth
Brychdyn = Brychdyn
Bryn-mawr = Bryn-mawr
Casnewydd ar Wysg: = Casnewydd ar Wysg:
Conwy = Conwy
Cwm Efyrnwy = Cwm Efyrnwy
Dinbych = Dinbych
Ergyn = Ergyn,
Llandecwyn = Llandecwyn
Llanelwy = Llanelwy
Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon = Llanfihangel Rhyd Ieithon
Llanwrtyd = Llanwrtud
Maesmynys = Maesmynys
Mwynglawdd = Mwynglawdd
Rhaeadr-gwy, = Rhaeadr-gwy,
Selatyn = Selatyn
Sir Ddinbych = Sir Ddinbych
Sir Drefaldwyn = Sir Drefaldwyn
Sir Feirionnydd = Sir Feirionnydd
Swydd Amwythig = Swydd Amwythig
Swydd Gaer = Swydd Gaer
Trefaldwyn = Trefaldwyn
Wyddgrug, Yr = Wyddgrug, Yr
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http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/cymraeg_tiriogaeth_y_gymraeg_dyfyniadau_0991e
Adolygiad
diweddaraf / latest update : 05 01 2002 : 18 12 2002
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