kimkat3565.
Geiriadur Saesneg a Chymraeg (Gwenhwyseg). A Dictionary of English and Welsh
(Gwentian dialect – the south-eastern dialect of Wales).
30-09-2024
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(delwedd
5781f)
(delwedd J6256b)
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_0934k.htm Y Wenhwyseg - y prif dudalen
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_2184c.htm El dialecte güentià del gal·lès - la
pàgina prinicipal
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_1004e.htm Gwentian dialect of Welsh – the main
page
.....
’ba [ba] (v) he / she / it said (= Standard Welsh ebe [ˡe·bɛ])
’ba fenta he (for his part) / she
(for her part) / it (for its part) said
(= Standard Welsh ebe yntau [ˡe·bɛ ˡəntaɪ / ˡəntɛ])
.....
bäch (1) [bɛ:x, ba:x] (adj) small, little (= Standard Welsh bach
[ba:x])
ticyn bäch a little bit
mbäch a little bit (ticyn b- > ticym b- ti’m b- > m b-)
(Other spellings: bach, bech, bêch, bâch, bæch, baech; mbech, mbach)
·····
bäch (2) [bɛ:x, ba:x] (nf) hook.
Plural bacha [ˡba·xa] (nm) hook (= Standard Welsh bach
[ba:x], plural bachau
[ˡba·xaɪ, ˡba·xɛ])
’ongad rwpath ar y fäch hang something on the hook
·····
bachan [ˡba·xan] (nm) fellow (=
Standard Welsh bachgen
[ˡbaxgɛn] = boy)
MEANING: (1) fellow; (2) used also in
addressing somebody; (3) in addressing somebody in disbelief at what has been
asked or said, equivalent to an English expression of surprise followed by
‘man’, ‘boy’, ‘my lad’, ‘my friend’, etc – Good heavens, man!
NOTE: Typically south-eastern, though it is found in other areas of Wales
Shẁd ych-chi, bachan? How are you, my friend?
-Beth yw reina? –Bachan! Ond tortha Ffrengig yw reina!
(-Beth yw’r rheina? -Bachgen! Ond torthau
Ffrengig yw’r rheina!)
-What are those? Good heavens man! Can’t you see they’re French loaves?
(“but (it is) French loaves (that-are) thosē)
There is also a form of address with the soft mutation of b > f
fachan [ˡva·xan] Compare
fechgyn! [ˡvɛxgɪn] (= boys, lads), ferch! [vɛrx] (= girl).
It also occurs with the loss of this intial [v]
achan [ˡa·xan]
Compare other words in Welsh with a dropped initial [v]:
mab [ma:b] (=
son) > àb [ab] (son, in patronymics) (or ap [ab], an archaic spelling of àb) Lleision ab Llywelyn
merch [mɛrx] (=
daughter; girl) > erch [ɛrx] (daughter,
in patronymics) Gwenllian erch Morgan
·····
bachgan [ˡbaxgan] (nm) boy, lad
(= Standard Welsh bachgen [ˡbaxgɛn])
bechgyn [ˡbɛxgɪn] (pl) boys. (= Standard Welsh bechgyn [ˡbɛxgɪn])
bechgynnach [bɛxˡgənax] lads (the plural diminutive suffix
-ach suggests disapproval, criticism)
·····
bäd [bɛ:d, ba:d] (nm) boat (= Standard Welsh cwch [ku:x]; (southern) bad [ba:d])
PLURAL: bata [ˡba·ta] (pl) (= Standard Welsh cychod [ˡkəxɔd]; (southern) badau [ˡba·daɪ, ˡba·dɛ])
·····
bacad [ˡba·kad] (nm)
1/ crowd (= Standard Welsh torf [tɔrv])
2/ large number (= Standard Welsh nifer mawr [ˡni·vɛr ˡmaur])
Also bagad [ˡba·gad]
bacad o ddinnon a crowd of men
am facad o resyma for a host of
reasons
·····
baclog [ˡbaklɔg] (adj) long-leggged; on crutches (= Standard Welsh â choesau hir [a:
ˡxɔɪsaɪ,
ˡxɔɪsɛ ˡhi:r]; ar faglau [ar ˡvaglaɪ, ˡvaglɛ])
Y Darian. Llith Dafydd Gwr Nansen. 25 Mai 1916. “Llywelyn Faclog”.
·····
bai [baɪ] (nm) blame (= Standard Welsh bai
[baɪ])
pl. beia, bīa [ˡbeɪa, ˡbi·a] (= Standard Welsh beiau [ˡbeɪaɪ,
ˡbeɪɛ]
taro’r bai i gyd ar...
put all the blame on... (“hit / put the blame all-of-it on...”)
·····
banalog
[baˡnalɔg] (nf) broom patch, broomy place, broom clumps (=
Standard Welsh banhadlog
[baˡnhadlɔg])
In Cwm Syrhywi (Llwyncelyn / Hollybush) there is a “Banalog Terrace” (“Res y
Fanalog” would be the Gwentian name; standard Welsh: Rhes y Fanhadlog).
“Banalog” < “Banhaddlog” < “Banhadlog” shows
1/ the loss of “h” /h/, typical in Gwentian;
2/ the development of the consonant cluster dl > ddl > (loss of dd) l
i.e. /dl > ðl
> l/, found in other words in southern Welsh, e.g.
a/ boddlon
(= content, satisfied) > (loss of dd) bolon
b/ (standard Welsh) cystal (= as good, as
well), older Welsh cystaddl
·····
basgad [ˡbasgad] (nf) basket (= Standard Welsh basged [ˡbasgɛd])
Plural: basgeti [baˡsge·tɪ] (=
Standard Welsh basgedi [baˡsge·dɪ])
basgad ddillad [ˡbasgad ˡðɪɬad] clothes basket (= Standard Welsh basged ddillad [ˡbasgɛd ˡðɪɬad])
·····
balch [balx] (adj) 1/ proud 2/ glad (= Standard Welsh balch [balx])
ōdd-a’n falch iawn i ngweld-i, a ōn-i’n falch i weld ynta ’èd he was
very glad to see me, and I was very glad to see him too
·····
bambŵzlo [bamˡbu·zlɔ] (v) bamboozle, deceive, trick (= Standard Welsh twyllo [ˡtuiɬɔ])
·····
banc [baŋk] (nm)
banca [ˡbaŋka] (pl) (= Standard Welsh banciau [ˡbaŋkjaɪ, ˡbaŋkjɛ])
1/ bank = moneyhouse (= Standard Welsh banc [baŋk])
2/ side of a canal
banc y cnel the canal side
·····
banwan [ˡbanwan] See panwan
·····
bap [bap] (nm) large soft
bread roll, South Wales English ‘bap’ (=
standard Welsh wicsen gron [ˡwɪksɛn ˡgrɔn])
baps [baps] (pl) (≡ standard Welsh wics crynion [ˡwɪks ˡkrənjɔn])
bap brecwast breakfast bap
http://www.bbc.co.uk/cymru/deddwyrain/safle/eich_bro/pages/bwyta_allan.shtml
From south-eastern Cambrian English BAP < English BAP, first noted in
English in “1505-1515” according to some sources.
.....
Wiktionary notes: A soft bread roll, originally from Scotland. Originally
Scottish English, of unknown origin.
Dictionar o the Scots Leid / Dictionary of the Scots Language:
“A small thick roll of bread of varying size and shape (often diamond-shaped)
baked in the oven; a morning roll”. General Scots. 1762 first attestation.
.....
(’Bar-) [bar] (n) a form of aber (= estuary) in some place names. Also ’Byr-
[bər]
’Bartīfi (= Standard Welsh Aberteifi; English: Cardigan). Also ’Byrtīfi
’Bar-där (= Standard Welsh Aber-dâr; English: Aberdare). Also ’Byr-där
·····
bara [ˡba·ra] (nm) bread (= Standard
Welsh bara [ˡba·ra])
bara brith [ˡba·ra ˡbri:θ] currant
bread (literally ‘speckled
bread’)
bara can, bara cian wheaten bread: white bread (can (adj) = white)
bara ’menyn bread and
butter [ˡba·ra ˡme·nɪn] (literally ‘bread (of) butter’)
bara lawr laver bread, also known in English as ‘black
butter’
bara lläth [ˡba·ra
ˡɬɛ:θ]) bread and milk, or bread and
buttermilk
bara llechwan [ˡba·ra
ˡɬɛxwan] griddle bread; bread
baked on a griddle or bakestone
(either with yeast or unleavened) (also as llychwan)
bara gwira fresh bread (< gwyry = virgin)
gwario i-arian ar ’yn nid yw bara
spend his money on drink (“on that which is not bread”)
(delwedd J4968)
·····
barbwr [ˡbarbʊr] (nm) barber (= Standard
Welsh barbwr [ˡbarbʊr], barber / barberiaid [ˡbarbʊr, barˡbɛrjaɪd], dyn
/ dynion torri gwallt;
literary Welsh barfwr [ˡbarbʊr], barfwyr [ˡbarbwɪr])
barbwyr [ˡbarbwɪr] (pl) (= Standard Welsh barbwyr [ˡbarbwɪr]).
From Middle English BARBOUR [ˡbarbʊr] < [barˡbur]. The plural form has the termination “-wyr”,
as if “-wr” is the Welsh agent suffix (= man).
·····
barn [barn] (nf) 1/ opinion 2/
verdict (= Standard Welsh barn [ˡbarn])
barna [ˡbarna] (pl) (= Standard Welsh barnau [ ˡbarnaɪ, ˡbarnɛ])
gofyn iddo-fa i-farn ar y matar ask his opinion about the matter (“ask
to him his opinion on the matter”)
·····
barnwr [ˡbarnʊr] (nm) 1/ judge (= Standard
Welsh barnwr [ˡbarnʊr]) 2/ adjudicator in an
eisteddfod (= Standard Welsh beirniad [ˡbei̯rnjad])
barnwrz [ˡbarnʊrz] (pl) (= Standard Welsh barnwyr [ˡbarnwɪr], beirniaid [ˡbei̯rnjaɪd])
barnwrz ’Steddfod Car-dydd the
adjudicators in the Caer-dydd / Cardiff Eisteddfod (barnwrs Steddfod Cardydd –
Tarian y Gweithiwr 27-07-1899)
·····
basa [ˡbasa] (v) it would be (=
Standard Welsh buasai [bɪˡasaɪ, bɪˡasɛ])
Also bysa
Also in
the reduced form sà
basa fawr nà... I wish that, if only...
(= Standard Welsh buasai fawr na [bɪˡasaɪ ˡvaur na:])
Basa fawr nà nelach-chi rwpath i ’elpu = I wish you’d do something to
help
(Buasai fawr na wnelech chwi rywbeth i helpu)
(Source: Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, tudalen 2830)
·····
becan [ˡbe·kan] (v)
beg. (= Standard Welsh ymbil [ˡəmbɪl] = importune, cardota [karˡdɔta] = ask for money or food)
becan ar rwun i nīthur rwpath beg somebody to do something
(= ymbil ar rywun i wneud rhywbeth)
(“i fecan” in GPC, under “begiaf”)
·····
bechgyn [ˡbɛxgɪn] (pl) boys. See bachgan [ˡbaxgan])
·····
bedd [be:ð] (nm) grave (= Standard Welsh bedd [be:ð])
PLURAL: bedda [ˡbe:ða] (= Standard Welsh beddau [ˡbe·ðaɪ, -ɛ]
mor ddishtaw â’r bedd as silent
as the grave
’eb smoco o’i febyd i’w fedd without smoking all his life (“from his
boyhood to his grave”)
·····
beudy [ˈbei̯di] (nm) cowhouse, cowshed
(= Standard Welsh beudy [ˡbei̯dɪ])
?Also bīdy [ˡbi·dɪ]
·····
beili [ˡbei̯lɪ] (nm) PLURAL: beilïa [bei̯ˡli·a]
1/ farmyard (= Standard Welsh buarth [ˡbi·arθ], buarthau [bɪˡarθaɪ, -ɛ])
2/ yard, front yard, back yard (= Standard Welsh cowrt [koʊrt], cowrtiau [ˡkoʊrtjaɪ, ˡkoʊrtjɛ]), (iard [jard], ierdydd / iardiau [ˡjɛrdɪð, ˡjardjaɪ, ˡjardjɛ]) (libart [ˡli·bart], libartiau [lɪˡbartjaɪ, ˡlɪˡbartjɛ])
·····
Y Beili-gläs [ə ˡbei̯lɪ ˡglɛ:s]
1 SO4708 (on modern OS map spelt as Bailey Glace)
(nearby is Beili-glâs Wood, in [almost] standard spelling (i.e. standard is
Beili-glas [ˡbei̯lɪ ˡgla:s], without the circumflex).
An
eighteenth-century farmhouse in Cwmcarfan, s.s.e of Llanddingad / Dingestow,
Sir Fynwy / Monmouthshire.
2 SO3010 s.s.e of Llanelen, Sir Fynwy / Monmouthshire
on the Ordnance Survey map as Beili-glas,
is/ was undoubtedly also Beili-gläs / Y Beili-gläs
3 SN9202
Mynydd Beili-glas, (= Standard Welsh
Mynydd y Beili-glas) south of Y Rucos / Y Rhugos, perpetuates the name of a
lost farm (= upland of / hillside grazing of Y Beili-glas farm). This too is /
was most likely Beili-gläs / Y
Beili-gläs
·····
(ber-) [bɛr] clipped form of aber [aˡbɛr]
in place names
’Bercannid < Abercannid [bɛrˡkanɪd, abɛrˡkanɪd]. Standard: Abercannaid [abɛrˡkanaɪd].
’Ber-där
< Aber-där [bɛrˡdɛ:r,
abɛrˡdɛ:r]. Standard: Aber-dâr [abɛrˡda:r].
’Ber-nant < Aber-nant [bɛrˡnant, abɛrˡnant]. Standard: Aber-dâr [abɛrˡnant].
Shir ’Berteifi < Sir Aberteifi
Before a vowel the element aber > ber- loses the
vowel to become the consonant cluster [br].
Aberafan
> ’Berafan > ’Brafan
Aberaman > ’Beraman > ’Braman
Aberystwyth > ’Berystwyth > ’Brystwyth
·····
bera [ˡbe·ra] feminine noun haystack
PLURAL: beraon, berâu <be-RAA-on, be-RAI> [bɛˡra·ɔn, bɛˡraɪ, -ɛ]
bera wair haystack
Ystalyfera (ynys tâl y fera) “the
meadow in front of Y Fera” (haystack; probably a hill name). Local form: Stalfera
[stalˡve·ra]
The word “bera” (haystack) is Celtic *berg-.
This is cognate with Proto-Germanic
*bergaz (from which German BERG (= mountain), Old English BEORG (= mountain, hill, mound, barrow,
burial place), Modern English (dialect) BERGH (= hill).
Also (wiktionary 05-09-2020) Scots BURROW /ˈbʌɹoʊ/
(“mound, tumulus, barrow”), ….. West Frisian BERCH /bɛrx/
(“mountain”), Dutch BERG /bɛrx/
(“mountain”), Low German BARG /bɛrɣ/
[ba̝ɾ(ə)x]
(“mountain”)… Danish BJERG : /bjɛrɣ/
(“mountain”), Swedish BERG /bɛrj/
(“mountain”), Norwegian Bokmål BERG /bɛrɡ/
(“rock, mountain, hillock, rock bottom”), Icelandic BERG /pɛrk/
(“mountain”), BJARG (“rock”), Polish BRZEG /bʐɛk/
(“bank, shore”), Russian БЕ́РЕГ (BÉREG, “bank, shore, land”).
·····
’Ber-nant [bɛrˡnant] (nf) village name (= Standard
Welsh Aber-nant [abɛrˡnant])
(‘Bernant’
Clywedion Dyffryn Dâr, Aberdare Leader, 30 Ionawr 1915)
·····
’Beronddu, ’Byronddu [bɛˡrɔnðɪ, bəˡrɔnðɪ] (nf) town name; English = Brecon (= Standard Welsh Aberhonddu [abɛrˡhɔnðɪ])
(‘Beronddu’
Tarian y Gweithiwr 06-12-1888)
·····
Bethlam [ˡbɛθlam] (nmf)
1/ Bethlehem
2/ Bethlehem as a chapel name (= Standard Welsh Bethlehem [ˡbɛθlɛhɛm]) (e.g. name of a chapel in
Gwaelod-y-garth)
Bethlam < Bethlem < Bethlehem
·····
betw [ˡbe·tʊ] (collective noun) biech trees (= Standard Welsh bedw [ˡbe·dʊ])
Singular:
bedwan [ˡbɛdwan] birch tree (= Standard Welsh bedwen [ˡbɛdwɛn])
·····
bishi [ˡbɪʃɪ] (adj)
busy (= Standard Welsh prysur [ˡprəsɪr])
Rw-i weti bod yn sobor o fishi’n
ddiweddar I’ve been really busy recently
Mā ’ma le bishi iawn things are very busy
here (mà = mae = there is; mà = ymà = here; “here | there is | (a) very busy
place”)
Mā’r ddou dicyn yn fishi jyst nawr the
two of them are a bit busy at the moment
From the English word BUSY [ˡbizi], pronounced as [ˡbisi] in Welsh since [z] was not part of the Welsh sound-system at the
time of the borrowing. Palatalisation later in contact with [i], characteristic
of southern Welsh: (bisi > bishi)
·····
bishyn [ˡbɪʃɪn] (nm)
piece; soft-mutated form of PISHYN
·····
bíwtiffwl
[ˈbjutɪfʊl] (adj) beautiful (=
Standard Welsh hardd [harð])
·····
blac [blak] (nm) blakpat (= Standard Welsh chwilen ddu [ˡxwi·lɛn ˡði:] =
black beetle)
blacs [blaks] (pl)
See also blacpatan below.
·····
blacas [ˡblakas] (nf)
black woman (= Standard Welsh gwraig
ddu [ˡgwrai̯g ˡði:] =
black woman)
From Welsh (BLAC = black) < English BLACK, + (-ES noun suffix, in
Gwentian -AS): blaces > blacas
·····
blac-éi [blaˡkei̯] (nf)
(Englishism) black eye (= Standard Welsh llygad du [ˡɬəgad] ˡdi:] =
black eye)
·····
blacpatan
[blakˡpatan] (nm)
blackpat, cockroach (= Standard Welsh chwilen ddu [ˡxwi·lɛn ˡði:] =
black beetle)
blacpats [ˡblakpats] (pl) (=
Standard Welsh chwilod
duon [ˡxwi·lɔd ˡdi·ɔn] =
black beetle)
See also: blac (a short form of blacpat)
yn ddu o flacpats covered in blackpats,
black with blackpats, swarming with blackpats (“(to be) black of blackpats”)
(delwedd B0463b)
|
God help every
church that has a "cross man" in it! He is most commonly called
“pwt y gynnen” (= the troublemaker; the bone of contention), but an
experienced old minister described him as a duck in the well, muddying and
polluting the neighbours' water for their tea (“tea water”); or like a
blackpat in a jam tart that is chewed in the mouth! ….. I started in
the mine (“under the pit”) with the fireman - a young man with a red
moustache; he spoke really softly (“quietly”), and [there was] a small
cropped cap on his head. On the way to see the coalface, I went bent double
through some very strange places with him until may back was on the point of
braking into two; and when I was going forward the sweat dropped down like a
waterspout from my nose. Eventually, I saw the coalface that was to be mine.
A very small coalface indeed; but I became afraid working in it - the
blackpats almost filled the place, and the colliers were as black as Zulus,
and working without a shirt. They say that... …..
(delwedd J7613) Fod Twmi Shir Gar wedi gorffod mynd a bara treacle i'r
gwaith yr wthnos ddwetha, a phan agorws a'r sanwich yr odd black pattan teidy
wedi seto i hunan yn extra lunch iddo fa, ac ys gwetws un coliar, ni recws un
haliar ariod, o Fon i Fynwy, yn wath na Twmi y tro hwnw. [They say] that
Twmi Shir Gâr (= Tommy from Carmarthen) had to take bread and treacle to work
last week, and when opened the sandwich a nice old blackpat (“a tidy
blackpat”) had got inside (“set itself”) as an extra lunch for him, and as
one collier siad, no haulier ever swore, from Anglesey to Monmouth (= from
one end of Wales to the other), worse than Tommy that time. …..
http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/coalhouse2/sites/memories/pages/119317148723868653933.shtml …..
…..
…..
(delwedd B0451) (11 Chwefror
1881) Y Gwladgarwr. 11 Chwefror
1881. COLEG Y GWEITHIWR. GAN AP
CORWYNT. Nos Wener, Chwefror 4ydd. Lewis Pilbo Jones. - Wel,
mae Tomos Parnell, Patrick Sullivan, a John Flannigan, a'r holl Bats wedi
myn'd, rwan, yn flac pats o'r carn i'r coryn, ac mor
ddu a mwrstwrllyd, fel nad oes un dim a fedr Cymro Gwyllt, nac un Cymro Dof,
ysgrifenu am danynt yn rhy ddrwg am y gethern hopranllyd. Y bredych anwyl! y
maent wedi gwneyd Parliament John Bull yn waeth nag un tap-room yn y deyrnas,
nes y mae yn destyn gwawd i Ewrop, America, a'r byd yn grwn. Y mae tap-room
Pwll-y-broga Arms, ar ol ffair Pistill-moigan, yn sicr o fod yn mwy
respectable lle na llawr Ty^ y Cyffredin yn y dyddie dwetha. ma. Ffor ma hi
wedi bod yco'n ddiweddar ? Os rhai o chi'n gwbod? THE WORKER'S COLLEGE. BY SON
OF HURRICANE. Friday evening, February 4th. Lewis Pilbo Jones. - Well,
Tomos Parnell, Patrick Sullivan, and John Flannigan, and all the Pats [=
Irishmen] are gone, now, black pats from head to toe, and so black and rowdy,
that there is nothing that Cymro Gwyllt (Wild Welshman – name of a writer), or
a Tame Welshman, can write about them too badly for the mouthy mob. Dear,
dear! (= the dear terror)! They have made John Bull's Parliament worse than
any tap-room in the kingdom, until it is a subject of ridicule for Europe,
America, and the whole world. The Pwll-y-broga Arms tap-room, after the
Pistill-moigan fair, is sure to be a more respectable place than the floor of
the House of Commons the other day. How has it been there lately? Do some of
you know? …..
(delwedd B0449) (13 Tachwedd
1913) Amman Valley Chronicle. 13
Tachwedd 1913. …sy'n mynychu'r lleoedd hyn. A ydyw dysgu y fath anfoesoldeb
yna i blant yn myn'd i wella'r wlad, tybed ? Eto, dangoswyd i ni gan
"Eilir" fod darluniau Beiblaidd yn cael argraff ddofn ar feddwl
plentyn — onid yw'r darluniau cnawdol, diraddiol a phechadurus hefyd yn cael
dylanwad yr un mor anniladwy arnynt? Rhyfedd y goleuni mae fy ffrynd wedi
gael ar y Germ Life drwy gyfrwng y Cinema. Cefais ddyddordeb mawr wrth
ddarllen am luniau'r germs sydd yn y diodydd a phethau folly, oherwydd yr
oeddwn wedi clywed lawer gwaith o'r blaen am rai yn cael "Black-pads,"
" Morgrug," a "Moch-y-coed" mewn poteli diodydd o
dafarndai. Pe bai’r brawd wedi cael y wybodaeth lawn ynghylch y germ life,
efallai na fyddai wedy'n mor barod i eistedd yn nghanol tywyllwch y Picture
Palace. Cymerwch er enghraifft y germs sydd yn achos o'r darfodedigaeth — y
dolur ofnadwy hwnw sydd yn angeu i filoedd o ieuengctyd ein gwlad bob
blwyddyn. Mae y rhai hyn… …..
(delwedd B0444) (13 Mawrth
1869) Y Gwladgarwr. 13 Mawrth 1869 LLITH YR HEN DEILIWR. Y mae
Cynddelw wedi pechu yn anfaddeuol yn ein herbyn ni y Teilwriaid. Y mae wedi
gwneud ei oreu i ddarostwng ein hurdd yn ngolwg y byd eto; rhaid addef fod
rhai cymeriadau go ryfedd yn perthyn i'r urdd. Yr oedd teiliwr yn rhywle rhyw
amser yn ol, nid wyf yn sicr beth oedd ei enw, na pha le y trigianai, nac yn
wir yn mha oes yr oedd yn byw. Modd bynag, byddai yn hoff ryfeddol o ddywedyd
celwydd ac yr oedd yn euog o'r bai bach hwnw sydd braidd yn hanfodol i'r
grefft deilwraidd, sef dwyn darnau o frethyn oddiar hwn a'r llall. Gwnaeth
hyn am flynyddau lawer, heb ddim euogrwydd yn blino ei gydwybod o'r herwydd.
Ond un diwrnod cyhuddai ei gydwybod ef o wneud camwri a'i gwsmeriaid, ac yr
oedd yn rhuo yn ofnadwy o'i fewn, yr hyn a wnaeth i'r hen frawd druan ofidio
yn arw am yr hyn a fu. Bu wrthi yn galed yn myfyrio pa fodd i esgoi dywedyd
celwydd heb ddigolledu ei hun. Yr oedd ganddo hen goffr yn ei feddiant, yr
hwn oedd wedi bod am ugeiniau o flynyddau yn orsedd i'r pryf copyn, y cler, y
blackpats, a'r llygod. Gwelodd yr
hen deiliwr y llwybr am dani, a phenderfynodd fedyddio yr hen goffr, a'i alw
yn domen, a bod hwnw i fod mwyach yn ystorfa i gadw yr holl glytiau y byddai
llygaid y teiliwr yn eu hoffi ac yna, pan ofynai y cwsmeriaid am y clytiau,
dywedai yntau yn eithaf diystyr eu bod wedi eu taflu i'r domen. (English translation) THE
LETTER OF THE OLD TAILOR. Cyndelw has sinned unforgivably against us the
Tailors. He has done his best to humiliate our guild in the eyes of the world
again; it must be admitted that some strange characters belong to the guild. There
was a tailor somewhere some time ago, I am not sure what his name was, or
where he lived, or indeed in what era he lived. However, he was incredibly fond of telling lies and he was
guilty of that little fault which is rather essential to the tailor's craft,
namely stealing pieces of cloth from this and that. He did this for many
years, without any guilt bothering his conscience because of it. But one day
his conscience accused him of doing wrong to his customers, and he was
roaring terribly within him, which made the poor old brother deeply regret
what had happened. He was thinking hard about how to avoid telling a lie
without losing out. He had an old chest in his possession, which had been for
twenty years a throne for the spider, the shrew, the blackpats, and the mice. The old tailor saw the way to do it, and
decided to christen the old chest, and call it a rubbish dump, and that it
should no longer be a storehouse to keep all the rags that the tailor's eyes
liked and then, when the customers asked about the pieces of cloth, he said
quite casually that they had been thrown into the rubbish dump. ….. …..
..... ….. ….. Apart from
Blackbat, in Worcestershire another beetle is referred to as a ‘bat’ – a
‘rainbat’ is a beetle which appears when it is about to rain. As stated
above, probable BAT = BART, ‘BARTOLEMEW’ (though spelt with TH –
BARTHOLEMEW). (Nowadays in English the spelling TH has been taken as
representing /θ/ instead
of /t/, as in Catherine; but unlike Thomas, Anthony where /t/ is still present
(though in the USA there is a tendency for spelling pronunciation to occure,
and Anthony has /θ/.) |
·····
blagard [ˡblagard] (nm) villain, scoundrel, bully (= Standard Welsh adyn [ˡadɪn], dihiryn [dɪˡhi·rɪn], blagard [ˡblagard])
#blagardz [ˡblagardz] (nm)
villain, scoundrel, bully (= Standard Welsh adynod [aˡdənɔd], blagardiaid [blaˡgardjaid])
Also blagiar (pl) blagiarz [ˡblagjar, ˡblagjarz]
Origin: English BLAGGARD < BLACKGUARD (BLACK + GUARD). Used originally of kitchen workers in a large house, probably ironically
in the sense of an army of servants or workers. Later the sense developed to
‘person of the criminal classes; low, contemptuous, vile individual’.
(Worcestershire): Upton on Severn
Words and Phrases. Robert Lawson. English Dialect Society. 1884. BLAGGERD, n.
Pron. (pronunciation) of blackguard. One addicted to swearing and low language.
·····
blagardath [blaˡgardaθ] (v) abuse, insulting
language (= Standard Welsh difrïo [dɪˡfri·ɔ], blagardiaeth blaˡgardjaɪθ])
(Merthyr Times 19-03-1896) (Apparently no provection blagardath > *blagartath)
·····
blagardo [blaˡgardɔ] (v) abuse, insult (= Standard Welsh difrio [dɪˡfri·ɔ])
blagardo dyn yn i-gefan insult
somebody or talk disparaginly of somebody behind his back
(BLAGARD) + (verbal suffix -IO) > BLAGARDIO > BLAGARDO
(Apparently no provection blagardo > blagarto)
·····
blän [blɛ:n, bla:n] (nm)
top; source of a river (= Standard Welsh blaen [blaɪn])
PLURAL: bleuna, blīna [ˡblei̯na, ˡbli·na] (= Standard Welsh blaenau [ˡblei̯naɪ, -ɛ])
Y Bleuna (town in Gwent);
(adj) front (=
Standard Welsh blaen [blaɪn])
bleuna [ˡblei̯na, ˡbli·na] (=
foremost, first) (Standard Welsh
blaenaf)
·····
blän gair [blɛ:n ˡgaɪr, bla:n ˡgaɪr] hint, intimation (= Standard Welsh blaen gair [blaɪn ˡgaɪr])
Fe-glwas flän gair pwy ddiwarnod fod... I heard it said the other
day that...
Fe-glwas flän gair taw dyna dröws y
dafol I heard it said
that it was that which tipped the balance (Dafydd y Crydd, Y Darian, 11 Chwefror 1915: “Fe glwas flan gair taw dyna drows y dafol”)
·····
blasto [ˡblastɔ] (v) blast (= Standard Welsh blastio [ˡblastjɔ])
From the English word BLAST (+ verb
suffix -IO) > BLASTIO > BLASTO
·····
blawd [blaud] (nm) flour. In Gwentian generally can [kan] (qv) (nm) = flour.
e.g. bara can wheaten bred; white bread
·····
blecid [ˡble·kɪd] (conj) because (=
Standard Welsh oherwydd [o: ˡhe·ruið], oblegid [o: ˡble·gɪd])
blecid fel w-i weti gweid o’r blän
because as I’ve said before
BLECID < OBLECID < OBLEGID
·····
bleuna [ˡblei̯na] (adj) first, foremost
(= Standard Welsh blaenaf [blei̯nav]). See blän above.
y ddwy lein fleuna the first two
lines
·····
bleuna [ˡblei̯na] (pl) top; source of a
river (= Standard Welsh blaenau [ˡblei̯naɪ, -ɛ]). See blän above.
·····
Y Bleuna
[ə ˡblei̯na] town in Gwent (=
Standard Welsh Y Blaenau [ə ˡblei̯naɪ, ə ˡblei̯nɛ])
Y Blīna might be expected. The spelling in English is Blaina [blaɪnə]. The final “-a” is the Gwentian pronunciation of “-au”, though this
has become /ə/ in English.
·····
Bleuna
Morgannwg [ˡblei̯na mɔrˡganʊg] the uplands of Morgannwg (in contradistinction to Bro Morgannwg (= the
lowlands of Morgannwg, Englished as the ‘Vale of Glamorgan’) (= Standard Welsh Blaenau Morgannwg [ˡblei̯naɪ, -ɛ mɔrˡganʊg])
·····
bleunllaw,
blīnllaw [ˡblei̯nɬau̯, ˡblɪnɬau̯] (adj) foremost,
prominent. (= Standard Welsh blaenllaw [ˡblei̯nɬau̯])
cymryd
ran mor flīnllaw yn y Gynhatladd take such a prominent part
in the conference (Y Darian. 3 Gorffennaf 1919. Llith y Tramp. “cymryd rhan mor flinllaw yn y Gynhatledd”.)
(Other spellings: blinllaw, flinllaw)
·····
blīna [ˡblīna]. = bleuna / blaenau. See blān.
·····
blīnllaw [ˡblɪnɬau̯] (adj) foremost,
prominent. See bleunllaw.
·····
blôc [blo:k] (nm) bloke,
fellow (= Standard Welsh dyn [di:n])
blôcs [blo:ks] (pl) (= Standard Welsh dynion [ˡdənjɔn])
From the English word BLOKE, of
obscure origin.
·····
blongad [ˡblɔŋad] (v) belong (= Standard Welsh perthyn [ˡpɛrθɪn])
popath sy’n blongad i ni everything
that belongs to us
·····
blotyn [ˡblo·tɪn] (nm) flower (= Standard Welsh blodyn [ˡblo·dɪn], blodeuyn [blɔˡdei̯ɪn])
blota [ˡblo·ta] (pl) flowers (=
Standard Welsh blodau [ˡblo·daɪ, -ɛ])
blotyn gwyn a white flower
blota cawl marigolds (‘flowers [of]
broth’, ‘broth flowers’)
Mā dicon o flota’n yr ardd there
are plenty more fish in the sea (“there are enough flowers in the garden”)
|
|
Carmarthen
Weekly Reporter. 18 Mai 1917. |
(delwedd
B0407)
·····
blwyddyn [ˈblʊi̯ðɪn] (nf)
year. Standard Welsh blwyddyn [ˈblʊi̯ðɪn].
Plural: blynydda [bləˡnəða]
years. Standard Welsh blynyddoedd; blynyddau [bləˡnəðɔi̯ð, bləˡnəðaɪ, -ɛ]).
·····
blynydda [bləˡnəða]
(plural) years. Standard Welsh blynyddoedd; blynyddau. See blwyddyn.
·····
bocal [ˈbo·kal] (nf)
navel, belly-button. Standard Welsh bogail
[ˈbo·gaɪl, ˈbo·gɛl].
Plural: bogela [bɔˡge·la]
navels. Standard Welsh bogeiliau [bɔˡgei̯ljaɪ, -ɛ]
’Run focal â’i däd the
spitting image of his father (“the same navel as his father”).
(In GPC
as “yr un fogel â’i dad”. West Glamorgan).
·····
bocso [ˡbɔksɔ] (v)
to box (= Standard Welsh bocsio [ˡbɔksjɔ])
·····
boi-sgówt
[bɔɪˡsgout] (nm)
boy scout (= Standard Welsh sgowt [sgout])
boi-sgówts [bɔɪˡsgouts] (pl)
boy scouts (= Standard Welsh sgowtiaid [ˡsgoutjaɪd])
·····
boneddig [bɔˡne·ðɪg] (adj) gentlemanly, gentlewomanly, noble (= Standard
Welsh bonheddig [bɔˡnhe·ðɪg])
Also byneddig [bəˡne·ðɪg]
·····
bòla [ˡbɔla] (nm)
stomach (= Standard Welsh bol [ˡbɔl])
cäl
caws o fòla ci do something impossible, to futilely try to get back
something which has been lost for ever (“get cheese from (the) stomach (of) (a)
dog” [once the dog has eaten it])
·····
bollt [bɔɬt] (nf) thunderbolt, lightning bolt (= Standard Welsh mellten [ˡmɛɬtɛn] = lightning flash)
Plural: #bollta [ˡbɔɬta]
(= Standard Welsh mellt [mɛɬt]
= lightning flashes)
Dyma Dafydd òff fel bollt Dafydd went off like a lightning bolt
(“here-is Dafydd of like (a) bolt”)
·····
bopa [ˡbɔpa] (nf)
(= Standard Welsh modryb [ˡmɔdrɪb])
1/ auntie (sister of a father or mother); term of address
2/ auntie = wife of an uncle; term of address
3/ auntie = term of address for a woman who is not a member of the family but
is, for example, a neighbour or friend of the parents
4/ ’ên bopa effeminate man (“an old
auntie”)
A word confined to the south-east; in origin, a child’s word for an aunt, evidently
a form of modryb.
A possible explanation is:
(1) modryb / motryb probably reduced to mòb,
(2) with the addition of a diminutive -a; (moba).
(3) In Welsh initial b and m can interchange (boba).
(4) In the south-east, a b- at the beginning of a final
syllable is devoiced to p- (bopa).
·····
bora [ˡbo·ra] (nm) morning (= Standard Welsh bore [ˡbo·rɛ])
PLURAL: boreua, boria [bɔˡrei̯,
bɔˡria]
(= Standard Welsh boreuau [bɔˡrei̯aɪ, -ɛ])
bora dä good morning (= bore
da)
bora dy’ Satwn on Saturday morning
(= bore dydd Sadwrn)
bora ddō yesterday morning (= bore ddoe)
·····
bord [bɔrd] (nf) table (= Standard Welsh bwrdd [bʊrð],
bord [bɔrd])
y ford the table
bordydd [ˡbɔrdɪð]
(= Standard Welsh byrddau [ˡbərðaɪ, -ɛ], bordydd [ˡbɔrdɪð])
·····
botas [ˡbɔtas] (nf)
boot (= Standard Welsh botasen [bɔˡtasɛn])
botasa [bɔˡtasa] (pl)
boot (= Standard Welsh botasau [bɔˡtasaɪ, -ɛ])
Gwesty’r Fotas Boot Inn,
Merthyrtudful (Y Darian 25-06-1916)
Arwydd y Fotas (in Gwentian > #Arwdd y Fotas (assumed
form)) Boot Inn, Merthyrtudful
Eisteddfod y Fotas (in
Gwentian > #’Steddfod y Fotas (assumed form))
(“Material archived in Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru / National Library
of Wales under the title “Eisteddfod y Fottas” described as “Poetical compositions, 1824-1827, submitted for
competition at 'Eisteddfod y Fottas' (the Boot Eisteddfod), held by Cymdeithas
Cadair Merthyr Tydfil at the Boot Inn (Arwydd y Fottas), Merthyr Tydfil, together
with some adjudications.”)
·····
brecad
(?) [ˡbre·kad] (nm)
army, throng (= Standard Welsh llu [ɬi:])
Most likely a variant of archaic Welsh bragad [ˡbra·gad] =
army, throng: bragad > bregad > brecad
Clywad fod brecad o w^yr Cwmaman
yn gorfod cerad milldirodd wrth ddychwelyd o'r ffair
I’ve heard that a throng of
Cwmanan people had to walk miles returning from the fair
(Tarian y Gweithiwr. 20 Medi 1900. “Clywed fod breced
o wyr Cwmaman yn gorfod cerdded milldiroedd wrth ddychwelyd o'r ffair”.)
·····
bràgo [ˡbragɔ] (v)
1/ brag, boast (= Standard Welsh ymffrostio
[əmˡfrɔstjɔ]) 2/
extol the virtues of, talk about admiringly
rwpath felny yn werth i chi fràgo amdano
something like that is worth bragging about for you
Tarian y
Gweithiwr 06-01-1898 Llythyra Newydd: rhwpath felni yn werth
i chi frago am dano
(Other spellings: brago, braggo)
·····
braich [braɪx] (nm)
arm (= Standard Welsh braich [braɪx])
PLURAL: breicha, brīcha [ˡbrei̯xa, ˡbri·xa] (pl)
(arms) (= Standard Welsh breichiau [ˡbrei̯xjaɪ, -ɛ])
·····
braith [braɪθ] (adj)
feminine form of brith [bri:θ]) (=
speckled, variegated)
·····
’Braman [ˡbraman] (nf)
place name (= Standard Welsh Aberaman [aberˡaman])
Village in the Cynon valley (the confluence of Aman, place where the Aman
stream flows into the river Cynon;
aber = confluence (used with the name of a tributary) + Aman (river
name)
In Gwentian, Aberaman > ’Beraman > ’Braman
(1) the initial vowel, which is unaccented, drops away (a very common
phenomenon in spoken Welsh)
(2) the vowel in the pretonic syllable drops away to give a consonant
cluster br-
·····
brän [brɛ:n]
(nf) crow; raven (= Standard Welsh brân [bra:n])
brain [braɪn] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh brain [braɪn])
swno
fel brän sound like a crow
canu fel brän
sing like a crow
Cwm-brän
Cwm-brân. Though popularly supposed to be “valley of the crow” (which would in
fact be “cwm y frân”, Gwentian “cwm y
frän”, the form of the name shows it to be “the valley of (the stream called)
Brân”, referring to the stream “Nant Brân” in this place.
1/ The stream name most likely refers to the
colour of the water (with “brân” used as an adjective = “raven-black”) as in
other watercourses of the same name.
2/ Another possibility is that it is the
personal name Brân, hence “Brân’s stream”.
·····
bratu [ˡbra·tɪ] (v) to
waste, to use needlessly (= Standard Welsh afradu [aˡvra·di], gwastraffu [gwasˡtra·fi])
From afradu = to waste; (af- =
negative prefix) + (rhad = grace) + (-u = suffix
to form verbs). Afradu > ‘fradu. Because f [v] is often a soft-mutated form
of b in some words there is a temptation to ‘restore’
this b, even where it is unjustified.
Hence ’fradu > bradu. In the south-east, a d- at
the beginning of a final syllable is devoiced to t- (bratu).
·····
brawd [braud] (nm)
1/ brother = relative 2/ brother = comrade (= Standard Welsh brawd [braud])
brotyr [ˡbro·tɪr] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh brodyr [ˡbro·dɪr])
mā-nw’n ddou frawd
they’re brothers (‘they are two brothers’)
·····
breicha [ˡbrei̯xa] (pl)
arms. See braich (= arm)
·····
brênz [bre:nz] (nm)
(Englishism) brains = intellectual capability (= Standard Welsh ymenydd [əˡme·nɪð])
From English BRAINS
·····
brethyn [ˡbre·θɪn] (nm) cloth (= Standard Welsh brethyn [ˡbre·θɪn])
·····
briallyn [brɪˡaɬɪn] (nm)
primrose (= Standard Welsh briallen
[brɪˡaɬɛn])
PLURAL: brialla [brɪˡaɬa] (=
Standard Welsh briallu [brɪˡaɬɪ])
·····
brīcha [ˡbri·xa]
(pl) arms. See braich (= arm)
·····
bricsan [ˡbrɪksan] (nf) brick
(= Standard Welsh bricsen [ˡbrɪksɛn], priddfaen [ˡprɪðvaɪn])
PLURAL: brics [brɪks] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh briciau [ˡbrɪkjaɪ, -ɛ], priddfeini [prɪðˡvei̯nɪ])
·····
gwaith brics [gwaɪθ ˡbrɪks]
brickworks
English BRICKS > Welsh BRICS.
(BRICS = bricks) + (-EN singulative suffix) > BRICSEN (> BRICSAN)
·····
Brigro [ˡbrɪgrɔ] (nm)
Birchgrove Colliery, Llansamlet (1845-1932). (= Standard Welsh Llwynbedw [ɬuɪnˡbe·dʊ])
·····
bripsyn [ˡbrɪpsɪn] (nm)
piece, fragment, bit; tiny amount (= Standard Welsh darn [darn])
Also bripshin [ˡbrɪpʃɪn]
From Norman-French BRIBE /brib/ (f) (= fragment, scrap).
Plural BRIBES /bribs/ >
Welsh (BRIPS) + (singulative suffix – YN) > BRIPSYN.
Modern French has the same word (BRIBE /brib/ =
fragment).
The English word BRIBE (n) (= money etc given to influence somebody), BRIBE (v)
(= to give such money to somebody) is of the same French origin: BRIBE =
fragment; piece of bread; piece of bread given to a beggar; later the meaning
in English became that of money etc given to somebody to persuade that person
to do something (often illegal).
·····
brith [bri:θ] (adj)
Feminine form braith [braɪθ],
plural brithion [ˡbrɪθjɔn]
(1) speckled
(2) (bread) speckled with currants
bara brith currant bread (literally
‘speckled bread’)
(3) (person) shady, dubious, unsavoury, not to be trusted; bachan brith =
shady type, shady character.
·····
broc [brɔk] (adj)
dappled (= Standard Welsh cymysgliw
[kəˡməsglɪu])
casag froc a dappled mare
Probably from English BROCK = an inferior horse; if not Irish BROC [brok] =
speckled..
·····
broc [brɔk] (nm)
1/ dappled horse (= Standard Welsh ceffyl brith [ˡkɛfɪl bri:θ])
(delwedd 5904)
A Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect and Provincialisms in Use in the County of
Kent. William Douglas Parish, William Francis Shaw and John White Masters.
1888.
BROK, BROCK [brok] sb. An inferior horse. The word is used by Chaucer,
Canterbury Tales, 7125
2/ Nickname for people from Y Rugos (Rhigos)
brocs [brɔks] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh ceffylau
brithion [kɛˡfəlaɪ
ˡbrɪθkjɔn])
(delwedd 5902)
Y Darian. 28 Hydref 1915. Brocs y Rhicos.—Yr oedd y Rhicos yn enwog un amser am
y “Merlynod Brocs," cymysg-liw, tywyll a goleu, a phan y byddai ymryson
rhwng pobol y cyffiniau, gelwid gwyr Rhicos yn “Frocs," a hynny mewn
digofaint.
ENGLISH TRANSLATION: The Rugos Brocks. Y Rugos was once famous for the
“Brock Ponies”, of variegated colours, dark and light, and when there was
contention among people of the vicinity the inhabitants of Y Rugos were called
‘Brocks’ in anger.
(delwedd J6519)
·····
’Brocwr [ˡbro·kʊr] (nf)
place name (= Aberogwr [a·ber ˡo·gʊr])]
Name of the the village at the estuary of this river (called by the English
‘Ogmore on Sea’).
In Gwentian, Aberogwr > Aberocwr > Berocwr > Brocwr
(1) In Gwentian, [b d g] as the initial syllable of the final syllable are
devoiced to give [p t k] (“provection”)
(2) the initial vowel, which is unaccented, drops away (a very common
phenomenon in spoken Welsh)
(3) the vowel in the pretonic syllable drops away to give a consonant cluster
br-
·····
Brocyn [ˡbrɔkɪn] (nm)
(pseudonym of the writer of a report on Eisteddfod Gwyl Ddewi Hirwaun / the St
David’s Day Eisteddfod yn Hirwaun, Y Darian. 24 Mai 1917,
tudalen / page 8. (= Standard Welsh brocyn [ˡbrɔkɪn]). See
BROC above.)
(BROC = inhabitant of Y Rugos) + (-YN diminutive suffix, or singulative suffix)
> BROCYN = “an inhabitant of Y Rugos”, “one of the brocks”; literally “brock
pony”.
·····
bron (1) [brɔn] (nf)
breast (= Standard Welsh bron [brɔn])
bronna [ˡbrɔna] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh bronnau [ˡbrɔnaɪ, -ɛ])
·····
bron (2) [brɔn] (adv)
almost (= Standard Welsh bron [brɔn])
bron
pawb almost everybody
·····
bryn [brɪn] (nm)
hill (= Standard Welsh bryn [brɪn])
brynna [ˡbrəna] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh bryniau [ˡbrənjaɪ, -ɛ])
·····
Y Brynna [ə ˡbrəna]
village name (This Gwentian form is the official name of the place, rather than
the literary Welsh form which would be Y
Bryniau [ə ˡbrənjaɪ, -ɛ])
·····
bucal [ˡbi·kal]
(nm) 1/ shepherd 2/ minister (= Standard Welsh bugail [ˡbi·gaɪl, bi·gɛl])
bugeilid (pl) [biˡgei̯lɪd] (pl)
(= Standard Welsh bugeiliaid
[biˡgei̯li̯aɪd, -i̯ɛd])
Also: bugīlid# [biˡgi·lɪd]
·····
budur [ˡbɪdɪr] (adj)
dirty; remarkable, splendid, wonderful (= Standard Welsh budr, budur [ˡbɪdɪr] =
dirty)
bachan budur a splendid fellow, a
wonderful man
Own-i
weti blino'n fudur I was tired out
Licwn-i wpod yn fudur pwy yw “Ap
Perllannydd”…. I’d really like to know who “Ap Perllannydd” is….
Treni budur yw ’ynny That’s a great pity
Though one might expect [d] > [t]; butur [ˡbɪtɪr] does
not occur as the [d] is from an expanded consonant cluster and in such cases
provection does not occur.
·····
busnesan [bɪˡsnɛsan] (adj)
go about one’s business (= Standard Welsh ymbrysuro [əmbrəˡsi·rɔ])
From Welsh (BUSNES = business) + (-AN verb suffix) > BUSNESAN
·····
buta [ˡbɪta] (v)
eat (= Standard Welsh bwyta [ˡbuita])
Diawst a myto! Heavens above! (“may the devil eat me”). Cf Danish Fand(e)me, contraction of “fanden æde mig” (“may Satan devour
me”).
·····
bwa [bu·a] (nm)
1/ bow
bwa’r wibran rainbow (‘bow (of the)
sky’)
From Old English or Middle English
2/ arch of a bridge (= Standard Welsh bwa [bu·a])
Cf Dialect Words from North Somerset
Bow = Hump-backed stone bridge over water-course
http://www.ycccart.co.uk/index_htm_files/Dialect%20words%20in%20reports-2.pdf
·····
bwcwth [ˡbu·kʊθ] (v)
threaten (= Standard Welsh bygythio [ˡbəgəθjɔ], bygwth [ˡbəgʊθ])
·····
bŵl [bu:l] (nm)
bowl (in game of bowling) (= Standard Welsh bŵl [bu:l])
Ynys-y-bŵl apparently ‘meadow of the bowl’, bowling field
If this is the correct intepretation, note the use of the singular for the
plural in Gwlad y Sais (‘Land of the Englishman’ = England),
Gwlad y Basg (‘Land of the Basque man’, the Basque Country).
·····
bwlch [bʊlx], (nm) 1/ gap, pass
between hills (= Standard Welsh bwlch [bʊlx])
bwlcha [ˡbʊlxa] (pl) (= Standard Welsh bylchau [ˡbəlxaɪ, ˡbəlxɛ])
2/ Bydd bwlch mawr ar i-ôl He / she will be sorely missed (in
lamenting a death)
Penbwlcha
(ST 08884 97447). Farm name,
Pont-y-gwaith, Merthyr Tudful.
(= pen y bylchau – (the) hill (of) the passes
/ gaps)
·····
bwm [bʊm] (nm)
county court bailiff (= Standard Welsh bwmbeili [bʊmˡbei̯lɪ]) (Y
Darian 25-06-1916)
bwms (pl) [bʊmz] (pl)
bailiffs (= Standard Welsh bwmbeiliaid [bʊmbei̯ˡli·aɪd])
From English BUM, a short form for BAILIFF
(delwedd 5830)
Bum, or Bum-bailey, n. a broker’s man. ‘I heerd uz how Jack ‘ud got the bums in ‘is ‘ouse for rent.’ A Glossary
of Words and Phrases used in S.E. Worcestershire / Jesse Salisbury / 1893. (= I
heard as how Jack had got the bums in his house for rent”, had got the bums in
his house to remove goods for non-payment of the rent)
·····
bwndal [ˡbʊndal] (nm)
1/ bundle (= Standard Welsh sypyn,
paced)
bwndal o bapyra a bundle of papers
GPC: bwndel, from English BUNDLE
·····
bwriatu [bʊrˡja·tɪ] (v)
intend (= Standard Welsh bwriadu [bʊrˡja·dɪ])
·····
bwtshwr [ˡbʊʧʊr], (nm) butcher (=
Standard Welsh cigydd
[ˡki·gɪð])
bwtshwrz [ˡbʊʧʊrz] (pl) (= Standard Welsh cigyddion [kɪˡgəðjɔn])
From English BUTCHER, with the Welsh agent
suffix -WR.
·····
byd [bi:d] (nm)
world (= Standard Welsh byd [bi:d])
Pl: bytodd [ˡbədɔð] (=
Standard Welsh bydoedd [ˡbədɔi̯ð])
·····
bydd [bi:ð] (v –
second person singular imperative) be (= Standard Welsh bydd [bi:ð])
Bydd yn dawal!
Be quiet! Be silent!
·····
bylc [bəlk] (nm)
bulk; the greater part (= Standard Welsh crynswth; bwlc [ˡkrənsʊθ, bʊlk])
bylc i-arian most of his money (Y Darian. 20 Chwefror 1919. Y Waunwaelod, Caerffili “bylc i arian”)
From English BULK, 1400s.
·····
byneddig [bəˡne·ðɪg].
See boneddig [bɔˡne·ðɪg]
·····
’Byr- shortened form of aber
in some place names
’Byr-där for
Aber-där
’Byrtawa for Abertawa
·····
bysa [ˡbəsa] (v) it would be > basa [ˡbasa]
·····
bỳth [bɪθ] (adv) ever; (with negative) never
fyswn i bỳth yn... I’d
never... (=
Standard Welsh ni
fuaswn byth yn.... [ni:
vɪˡa·sʊn
bɪθ ən..])
am bỳth
for ever
Cymru am
bỳth
Wales for ever
NOTE: in the spelling used in this dictionary, the ỳ indicates a short ‘i’
sound [ɪ] where
normally in such a pattern (here a monosyllable with vowel + final ‘th’) the
vowel would be long. Cf nyth [ni:θ]
= a nest.
·····
bythewnos
[bəˡθɛʊnɔs]
(nm). Soft-mutated form p > b.
See
the radical form pythewnos (= fortnight,
two weeks)
·····
byti [ˡbətɪ] butty, buddy, friend, mate (= Standard Welsh cyfaill [ˡkəvaɪɬ])
bytiz [ˡbətɪz] (pl) (= Standard Welsh cyfeillion [kəˡvei̯ɬjɔn])
Also bÿt [bət] as a term of address.
NOTE: byti, bÿt are
recent forms in south-eastern Welsh from English butty, butt.
In the case of ‘byti’, the older expression was partnar [ˡpartnar] or pantnar
[ˡpantnar] (= partner).
Rather than ‘bÿt’ men
were addressed as achan of fachan (= boy).
Also used as a term of address was ‘brawd’
(without mutation, although the soft-mutated form ‘frawd’ might be expected’)
Byti is not listed in GPC (Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru) but in GYA (Geiradur yr
Academi), under “buddy”, there is byti m[asculine noun] (bytis) S: F: (=
South Wales, Familiar / Colloquial)
The word ‘butty’ was brought into Wales by English immigrant workers.
1/ (Gloucestershire) It was used by Forest of Dean miners in Gloucestershire,
in England, just over the Welsh border.
BBC “Where I Live – Gloucestershire” / 'Ow
bist thee awld butty?', the butty zyztem wuz a woy o' payment in the pit wer
the Butty Mon ould poy out a group o' miners workin' under 'im. But the word
'Butty' wuz alzo uzed az a word ver yer vrend ar mate. (= How are you, old
butty / old mate? – the butty system was a way of payment in the pit where the
Butty Man would pay out a group of miners working under him. But the word
‘butty’ was also used as a word for your friend or mate.) (Contributed by Keith
Morgan)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/voices2005/glossary.shtml
2/ (Worcestershire): Upton on Severn Words and Phrases.
Robert Lawson. English Dialect Society. 1884. BUTTY, n. A mate, or
fellow-workman. A butty gang is a gang of men who share equally.
(Et(ymological) Dict(ionary)).
3/ (Herefordshire) Butty, = a fellow workman. Butty-collier used elsewhere.*
NOTE *In some trades the butty is necessarily the inferior man, as with
sawyers, &c. But practically some very good workmen prefer working in
pairs, as in draining, timber falling, &c., the butty being the younger man.
Herefordshire Words & Phrases, Colloquial and Archaic, About 1300 In
Number, Current In The County.
Francis T. Havergal, M.A. (1829-1890). 1887. Tudalen 9.
·····
byw [bɪu̯] (= Standard Welsh byw [bɪu̯])
1 (v)
to live
2 (adj)
alive
os yw hwnnw’n fyw if
he’s still alive
3 (nm)
life
·····
bywyd [ˡbəwɪd] (nm)
life (= Standard Welsh bywyd
[ˡbəwɪd])
bywyta [bəˡwəta] (pl)
lives (= Standard Welsh bywydau
[bəˡwədaɪ, -ɛ])
NODIADAU
(Other spellings: bad, bed, bêd, bâd, bæd, baed, bâta, bata) blacpatyn. Variant
and related forms and spellings: blac-pat, blac-pad, blacpaten, blacpaden,
blacpadyn, blac-pats, blac-pads, flacpat, flacpats, flacpaten, flacpatan,
flacpadyn, flac-pats, flac-pads, black patan; in English: blackpat, blackpats,
black pat, black pats, black pad, black pads, blackpad, blackpads. Aber-dâr:
Aberdâr, Bardêr, Bardare, Byrdêr, Byrdare, Bartifi, Byrtifi, Barteifi,
Barteifi) (Other spellings of budr: bidir, fidir, budur, budir, fudur, fudir)
bore: bora, borua, boria, borïa, boreia, boreua)
xxxxx
Geiriadur Geiriau Cymraeg Camsillafedig (Sillafiadau Tafodieithol, Hynafol,
Anarferol, Anghywir a Seisnegedig).
Geiriau Cymraeg nad yw yn y geiriaduron safonol - gellir gweld llawer
ohonynt, ynglŷn â’u sillafiad
safonol, yn y ddolen-gyswllt isod:
Dictionary of Misspelt Welsh Words (Dialectal, Archaic, Unusual, Incorrect and
Anglicised Spellings).
Welsh words not listed in standard Welsh dictionaries - many might be found,
along with their standard spelling, via the link below:
www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur-camsillafiadau_MORFIL_3525e.htm
(delwedd G4002b)
Sumbolau:
a A / æ Æ / e E / ɛ Ɛ / i I / o O / u U / w W / y Y /
MACRONː ā Ā / ǣ Ǣ / ē Ē / ä Ä / ī Ī / ō Ō / ū
Ū / w̄ W̄ / ȳ Ȳ /
MACRON + ACEN DDYRCHAFEDIGː
Ā̀ ā̀ , Ḗ ḗ, Ī́ ī́ , Ṓ
ṓ , Ū́ ū́, (w), Ȳ́ ȳ́
MACRON + ACEN DDISGYNEDIGː Ǟ ǟ , Ḕ ḕ, Ī̀
ī̀, Ṑ ṑ, Ū̀ ū̀, (w), Ȳ̀ ȳ̀
MACRON ISODː A̱ a̱ , E̱ e̱ , I̱ i̱ , O̱
o̱, U̱ u̱, (w), Y̱ y̱
BREFː ă
Ă / ĕ Ĕ / ĭ Ĭ / ŏ Ŏ / ŭ Ŭ / B5236ː
B5237ː 
BREF GWRTHDRO ISODː
i̯, u̯
CROMFACHAUː ⟨ ⟩ deiamwnt
A’I PHEN I LAWRː ∀, ә, ɐ (u+0250) httpsː //text-symbols.com/upside-down/
Y WENHWYSWEG: ɛ ä ǣ æ Ε̄ ε̄
ˈ ɑ ɑˑ aˑ aː / æ æː /
e eˑeː / ɛ ɛː / ɪ iˑ iː ɪ / ɔ oˑ oː / ʊ uˑ uː ʊ / ə / ʌ /
ẅ
Ẅ / ẃ Ẃ / ẁ Ẁ / ŵ Ŵ /
ŷ
Ŷ / ỳ Ỳ / ý Ý / ɥ
ˈ ð ɬ ŋ ʃ ʧ
θ ʒ ʤ / aɪ ei̯ uɪ ɪʊ aʊ ɛʊ
ɔʊ əʊ / £
ә ʌ ẃ ă ĕ ĭ ŏ
ŭ ẅ ẃ ẁ Ẁ ŵ ŷ ỳ Ỳ ɥ Hungarumlautː A̋ a̋
U+1EA0 Ạ
U+1EA1 ạ
U+1EB8 Ẹ U+1EB9 ẹ
U+1ECA Ị U+1ECB ị
U+1ECC Ọ U+1ECD ọ
U+1EE4 Ụ U+1EE5 ụ
U+1E88 Ẉ U+1E89 ẉ
U+1EF4 Ỵ U+1EF5 ỵ
g
yn 
aith
δ δ £ gyn 
aith
δ δ £ U+2020 †
« »
DAGGER
wikipedia, scriptsource. org
httpsː
[]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ
Hwngarwmlawtː
A̋ a̋
g
yn aith
δ δ
…..
…..
ʌ ag acen
ddyrchafedig / ʌ with acute accentː ʌ́
|
Shwa ag acen ddyrchafedig
/ Schwa with acute |
…..
…..
wikipedia,
scriptsource.[]org
httpsː//[
]en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ
---------------------------------------
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www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/geiriadur-gwenhwyseg-saesneg_BATHOR_b_3565.htm
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Adolygiadau diweddaraf / Latest updates /
Darreres actualitzacions:
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