kimkat3582. Geiriadur Saesneg a Chymraeg (Gwenhwyseg). A Dictionary of English and Welsh (Gwentian dialect – the south-eastern dialect of Wales).

30-09-2024

..	Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia La Web de Catalunya i Gal·les Geiriadur Cymraeg (Gwenhwyseg) - Saesneg Welsh - English (Gwentian dialect) Dictionary S

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(delwedd 5781f)
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(delwedd J6256b)

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http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_0934k.htm Y Wenhwyseg - y prif dudalen
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_2184c.htm El dialecte güentià del gal·lès - la pàgina prinicipal
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_1004e.htm Gwentian dialect of Welsh – the main page


’s [s] (conj) reduction of òs (= if). Standard Welsh: os.
’s galla-nw if they can
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’s [s] (verb) reduction of nìd oes / does / dōs. (= there is not / there are not)
’sfawr o... there are not many... (also ’sfowr o)
’sneb there’s nobody...
’sdim there isn’t any...
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’sà [ˡsa] (v)
1/ reduction of petysa, ***tysa = if it were. Standard Welsh: pe buasai [pe: bɪˡasaɪ];
2/ reduction of bysa = it would be. Standard Welsh: buasai [bɪˡasaɪ];
’sà ***ynny’n bosib if that were possible. Standard Welsh: pe buasai hynny yn bosibl)
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sac [sak] (nm) sack = dismissal. Gwentian sac [sak]
cäl y sac get the sack, be sacked, be dismissed (from a job)
roi’r sac i (rwun) give the sack to, dismiss (someone) from a job, sack (someone) from a job
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sàch [sax] (conj) although. Standard Welsh: er [ɛr].
A form of the conjunction serch (= although)

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saco [ˡsakɔ] (v). See sacio.
1/ thrust, shove. Standard Welsh: gwthio [ˡgʊθjɔ]
2/ sack = dismiss (from a job). Standard Welsh: diswyddo [dɪˡsʊɪðɔ]
English TO SACK (SAC) + (-IO verbal suffix) > SACIO [ˡsakjɔ] > SACO

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säff [sɛ:f, sa:f] (adj).
1/ safe = out of danger. In standard Welsh diogel [dɪˡo·gɛl];
fel óstritshiz yn cwato u penna a chretu u-bod-nw’n säff. (from Y Twll Cloi, Glynfab, 1919. Page 39.: fel ostriches yn cwatto'u penna, a chretu i bod nẁ’n sâff.)
2/ certain, sure. In standard Welsh sicr [ˡsɪkɪr]
yn säff i ti take it from me; there’s no doubt about it at all (‘certainly to you’)
säff! (after an assertion) there can be no doubt about it
Ma%%-fa’n säff o gäl gwopor He’s sure to get a prize, there’s no doubt at all he’ll get a prize
3/ ?certain of one’s facts
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saffran [ˡsafran] (nm). saffron. Standard Welsh: saffrwm [ˡsafrʊm]
mor felyn â’r saffran “as yellow as saffron”(in GPC under “saffrwm”. The phrase is noted as being used in the spoken Welsh of Dwyrain Morgannwg / East Glamorgan).
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Sais [saɪs] (nm) 1/ Englishman 2/ Welshman who speaks English, English-speaker. Standard Welsh: Sais [saɪs]
Seuson [ˡsəɪsɔn] (pl). Standard Welsh: Saeson [ˡsəɪsɔn]. Also Si%%son [ˡsi·sɔn]
Dyw-a fawr o Sais he doesn’t speak much English (‘he’s not much of an English-speaker / an Englishman’)
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sand [sand] (nm) sand. Standard Welsh: tywod [ˡtəwɔd].
Also swnd.
twmpyn sand a mound of sand

From English SAND.

SWND: In England, in certain words -an- > -on-. This occurs in western (especially midland) England (e.g. man / mon, bank / bonk, etc).
And in Welsh o > w in certain words from English e.g. FORD > ffordd/ffwrdd, board > bord / bwrdd).
Thus SAND > SOND > Welsh SOND > SWND.
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sār, sär [sa:r, sɛ:r] (nm) carpenter. Standard Welsh: saer [saɪr].
Plural seiri, siri [ˡsəɪrɪ, ˡsi:rɪ]. Standard Welsh: seiri [ˡsəɪrɪ]

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sarfo [ˡsarvɔ] (verb) serve. Standard Welsh: gweini [ˡgwəɪnɪ]
sarfa di itha reit (in GPC under serfio). Monmouthshire. It serves you right.
From English SARVE [sarv], an ‘[ar]’ variant of SERVE [sɛrv], nowadays [sɜːv]
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sarjant [ˡsarʤant] (nm) sergeant. Standard Welsh: rhingyll [ˡhriŋɪɬ]
sarjants [ˡsarʤants] (pl) (nm) sergeant. Standard Welsh: rhingylliaid [hriˡŋɪɬjaɪd]
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Sasnag [ˡsasnag] (nf) English. Standard Welsh: Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg]. See Seusnag
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säth, sāth [sɛ:θ, sa:θ] (nf) arrow. Standard Welsh: saeth [saɪθ]
seutha [ˡsəɪθa] (pl). Standard Welsh: saethau [ˡsəɪθaɪ]
Also si%%tha [ˡsi·θa]

säth yr ***oul (“arrow (of) the sun”)
“Saeth yr Haul - Sunbeams, also reflection from a bright surface”. Cardiff Times. 3 Hydref / October1908. Uncommon Words and Expressions, Peculiar to Glamorgan. Author: Cadrawd.

NOTES: 
(1) In the South ae [formerly /a·i/ in the south, now /a·i/] > ā [a:] in monosyllables. 
(2) In the south-east ā [a:] > ä [ɛ:]. 

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sawdwl [ˡsaʊdʊl] (nf) heel. Standard Welsh: sawdl [ˡsaʊdʊl] (nm))
sotla [ˡsɔtla] (pl) heels. Standard Welsh: sodlau [ˡsɔdlaɪ]
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sbâr, sbär [sba:r, sbɛ:r] (adj) spare. Standard Welsh: sbâr [sba:r]
pè bysa gen.i amsar yn sbär if I had time to spare
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sbarcyn [ˡsbarkɪn] (nm) lad, fellow. Standard Welsh: bachgen [ˡbaxgɛn] (nm))
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sbeco [ˡsbe·kɔ] (v) order (goods from a shop). Standard Welsh: archebu [arˡxe·bɪ]
odd-a weti sbeco rwm i fi yn y Pymp Hows yn Llandrindod he’d booked a room for me in the Pump House in Llandrindod

From an earlier pronunciation of English SPEAK [spɛ:k, spe:k], now [spi:k]; cf Middle English SPĒKEN FOR. ( = ask for)
(Other forms and spellings: speco, spêco, sbeco, sbêco)
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sbeito [ˡsbəɪtɔ] (vt) spite, be spiteful to. Standard Welsh: bod yn faleisus wrth [bo:d ən vaˡləɪsɪs ]

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sbel [sbɛl] (nf) spell, short period of time. Standard Welsh: ysbaid [ˡəsbaɪd], sbel [sbɛl]
am sbel fäch for a short while
From English SPELL (= short period of time)
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sbèlo [ˡsbɛlɔ] (v) spell. Standard Welsh: sillafu [srˡ ɬa·vɪ]
From English SPELL
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sbio [ˡsbi·ɔ] (v) look. Standard Welsh: edrych [ˡɛdrɪx]
From an earlier pronunciation of English SPY [spi:], now [spai].
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sbîtsh [sbi:ʧ] (v) speech. Standard Welsh: araith [ˡa·raɪθ]
sbîtshiz [ˡsbi:ʧɪz]. Standard Welsh: areithiau [aˡrəɪθjaɪ, aˡrəɪθjɛ]
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sbo [sbo:] (sentence substitute) I suppose. Standard Welsh: mae’n debyg gennyf [xxx]
Also: sbo gen-i..., ysbō
Reduction of SBŌSO. ( = [I] suppose), from the English verb S’POSE, i.e. SUPPOSE
(Other spellings: sbô, spo, spô)
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***sboniad [ˡsbɔnjad] (v) explanation. Standard Welsh: esboniad [ˡɛsbɔnjad]
Plural: sboniata [sbɔnˡja·ta]. Standard Welsh: esboniadau [ɛsbɔnˡja·daɪ, ɛsbɔnˡja·dɛ]
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***sbonio [ˡsbɔnjɔ] (v) explain. Standard Welsh: esbonio [ˡɛsbɔnjɔ]
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sbràg [sbrag] (eg) (1) sprag = block of wood put through the spokes of a wheel of a coal tub to brake it; (2) sprag = pit prop. Standard Welsh: sbrag [sbrag]
sbràgz, sbràca# [sbragz, ˡsbraka] (pl) sprags. Standard Welsh: sbragiau [ˡsbragjaɪ]
(Other forms and spellings: sbrag, sprag, sprags, sbrags)
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sbrìcan [ˡsbrɪkan] (nf) nail. Standard Welsh: hoelen [ˡhoilɛn] (the vowel is short) (from dialect English SPRIG = nail)
sbrìgz [ˡsbrɪgz]. Standard Welsh: hoelion [ˡhoiljɔn]
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sbrytion [ˡsbrətjɔn] spirits, ghosts. Standard Welsh: ysbrydion [əˡsbrədjɔn]. See ysbryd.
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sc- See sg- (scothi > sgothi, etc)
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sdim [sdɪm] (v) there is not. Standard Welsh: nìd oes dim [nɪd ɔɪs ˡdɪm]

NOTE: (1) The first syllable, which is unstressed, drops away in colloquial Welsh > does dim. Since in the South oes > ōs – that is, the diphthong [oi] in a monosyllable generally becomes a long vowel [o:] – we have dōs dim.

(2) There can be a further reduction with the loss of the second syllable, also unstressed. 
dōs dim > ōs dim > sdim
sdim isha i ti lefan felna, bachan! (nid oes [dim] eisiau iti lefain fel yna, bachan!)
there’s no need for you to cry like that, my lad!
Also s’im [sɪm]
(Other spellings: stim, sim)
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secrat [ˡsɛkrat] (nm) secret. Standard Welsh: cyfrinach [kəvˡri·nach]
secrats [ˡsɛkrats] (pl) secrets. Standard Welsh: cyfrinachau [kəvrɪˡna·chaɪ]
gwpod y secrat to know the secret
From English SECRET
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secur [ˡse·kɪr] (adj)
1 idle Standard Welsh: segur [ˡse·gɪr] = idle,
2 (house) unoccupied. Standard Welsh: gwag [gwa:g] = (house) unoccupied, empty
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Y Sefn [ˡsɛvən] (nf) short for Seven Sisters, the English name of Aberdulais
pan ddelswn-i i'r Sefn nesa the next time I come to “The Seven”.
(Y Darian. 1 Mehefin 1916.) pan ddelswn ni i'r Sefn nesa.
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sefyll [ˡse·vɪɬ] (v) stand. Standard Welsh: sefyll [ˡse·vɪɬ]
sefyll ÿch-tir stand your ground, refuse to yield, refuse to budge
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segura [sɛˡgi·ra] (v) loaf around, idle, hang about. Standard Welsh: sefyllian [sɛˡvəɬjan], segura [sɛˡgi·ra]
(SEGUR = idle, unoccupied) + (-A verbal suffix) > SEGURA
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seino [ˡsəɪnɔ] (v) to sign. Standard Welsh: arwyddo [ˡarwi·ðɔ]
Also: si%%no [ˡsi·nɔ]
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seithu > seuthu (standard saethu)
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selffish [ˡsɛlfɪʃ] (adj) selfish. Standard Welsh: hunanol [hɪˡna·nɔɬ]
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sentans [ˡsɛntans] (nf) sentence. ( = decision by a judge). Standard Welsh: dedfryd [ˡdɛdvrɪd] (nf))
paso sentans ar ddyn i gäl i-groci sentence a man to be hanged (‘pass (a) sentence on (a) man to get his hanging’)
From English SENTENCE

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serch (conj) although. Standard Welsh: er [ɛr]
Also sàch [sax], shàch [ʃax]
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Sèth [sɛθ] (nm) male name. Standard Welsh: Seth [sɛθ]

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setlo [ˡsɛtlɔ] (vt) 1 settle, agree
dyna ***ynna weti i-setlo that’s settled then. Standard Welsh: dyna ben ar y mater
2 decide. Standard Welsh: penderfynu [pɛndɛrˈvəni]
Fe-setlas i fynd I decided to go (I-settled to go”). Pentan Shon Ifan. Tarian y Gweithiwr. 11 Chwefror 1897 fe setlas i fynd
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Seusnag [ˡsəɪsnag] 1/ (nf) English. ( = the English language) 2/ (adj) English (relating to the language). Standard Welsh: Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg]

Also:
1/ Su%%snag [ˡsɪsnag], (also Si%%smag)
2/ Sysnag [ˡsəsnag],
3/ Sasnag [ˡsasnag]

wilia Su%%snag speak English

Gewch-chi wilia faint a fynnoch o’r ’ên Susnag ’na mäs ar yr ’ewl, ond rwng y ddou ddrws ’ma do%%s dim i fod ond yr ‘’’ên Gymräg (adapted from Y Darian 17 Mai 1917: "Gewch chi wilia faint a fynnoch o'r hen Sisnag na mas ar yr heol, ond rhwng y ddau ddrws 'ma dos dim i fod ond yr hen Gymraeg.")
You can speak as much as you want of that bloody (‘that old’) English out on the street, but between these two doors (i.e. in this house, between the back door and the front door) there’s to be only the dear (‘the old’) Welsh language
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Seusnas [ˡsəɪsnas] (nf) Englishwoman. Standard Welsh: Saesnes [ˡsəɪsnɛs]
Seusnesa [səɪˡsnɛsa] (pl). Standard Welsh: Seisnesau [səɪˡsnɛsaɪ]
Also: Si%%snas [ˡsɪsnas], #Si%%snesa [sɪˡsnɛsa]
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seutha [ˡsəɪθa] (pl). ( = arrows). See säth. ( = arrow)
Also si%%tha.
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seuthu [ˡsəɪθɪ] (v) to shoot. Standard Welsh: saethu [ˡsəɪθɪ]
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seuthwr [ˡsəɪθʊr] (nm) shooter. Standard Welsh: saethwr [ˡsəɪθʊr]
Also si%%thwr
Seuther di-ai o%%d a He was a shooter like no other (i.e. better than everybody else)
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sgaldanu [sgalda·nɪ] (v) scald. Standard Welsh: sgaldio [ˡsgaldjɔ]
From English SCALD in its older pronunciation [skald], now [sko:ld]; + (verbal suffix -AN) + (verbal suffix -U)
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sgant [ˡsgant] (adj) scarce. Standard Welsh: prìn [prɪn]
bod sgant yn... scarcely, hardly (+ verb)
o%%n-i sgant yn i-napod-***i I scarcely recognised her
ma%% arian yn sgant money’s scant
From English SCANT
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sgêm [sge:m] (nf) scheme, plan. Standard Welsh: cynllun [ˡkənɪn]
#sgêma, sgêmz [ske·ma, sge:mz] (pl). Standard Welsh: cynlluniau [əsgɪˡbɔrjaɪ]
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sgentan [ˡsgɛntan] (v) spy, pry. Standard Welsh: busnesa [ˡbɪsnɛsa]
sgentan bothti lle look around a place (and be up to no good), scout around a place, eye up a place, case a place, prowl around
Origin unknown; probably from English.

The word appears in the Cyneirlyfr by Edward Williams to define ‘Chwiwbigo’ and ‘Chwiwian’

(delwedd 5923)
Chwiwbigo, b. w. ysgenta neu ladrata
Chwiwan, b. w. ysgentan, rhodresa neu wylltio, neu grwydro am ladrad
Cyneirlyfr: neu, Eiriadur Cymraeg. Edward Williams (Bardd Glas Morganwg.) 1826

Chwiwbigo, transitive verb, prowl around or steal
Chwiwan, transitive verb, prowl around, flaunt or get angry, or wander around in order to steal
Cyneirlyfr. ( = etymological dictionary): neu, Eiriadur Cymraeg. Standard Welsh: or a Welsh Dictionary). Edward Williams (Bardd Glas Morganwg.). ( = the blue / blue-robed? / bard of Glamorgan) 1826
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sgìli [ˡsgɪlɪ] (nm) skilly = bread and water. Standard Welsh: sgili [ˡsgɪlɪ]
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’sgitsha [ˡsgɪʧa] (pl) shoes. Standard Welsh: esgidiau. See esgid (= shoe)
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sgrap [sgrap] (nm) scratch, scrape 2 squirt out, eject. Standard Welsh: crafiad pl. crafiadau [kravˡja·dɛ]
PLURAL: scrapa, sgraps
Do%%s gen i ddim sgrap yn unman I haven’t a scratch on me anywhere (“ there-is-not with me no scratch in one place”) (Tarian y Gweithiwr. 14 Gorffennaf 1910. Shon Shams. “Dos gen i ddim scrap yn un man”)
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’sgothi [ˡsgo·θɪ] (v) 1 shit 2 squirt out, eject. Standard Welsh: ysgothi [əˡsgo·θɪ]
sgothi celwdd tell lie after lie (In GPC as “sgothi celwydd”, noted as being in use in Morgannwg / Glamorgan)
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#sgrecan [ˡsgre·kan] (v) strangle, wring the neck of (e.g. a hen). Standard Welsh: llindagu [ɬɪnˡda·gɪ]
From English dialect TO SCRAG = throttle, strangle. (Ffynhonnell: GPC. sgregan, sgrego)
Also? #sgreco [ˡsgre·kɔ]. (Note: English “a” in Welsh as “e”)
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’sgupor [ˡsgi·pɔr] (nm) barn. Standard Welsh: ysgubor [ˡsgi·bɔr]
’sgubora [skɪˡpo·ra] (pl). Standard Welsh: ysguboriau [əsgɪˡbɔrjaɪ]
Also sgypor [ˡsgəpɔr]
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#’Sgupor-wen [ˡsgi·pɔr ˡwɛn] (probable local form of the name; subject to confirmation; the short name for the house – it is known locally in English as ‘the Skip’ - would seem to suggest it). House name, Aber-dâr.

In 1850 the Ysgubor-wen coal level at Aber-dâr was opened by Samuel Thomas. He built Ysguborwen House between 1852 and 1885, and here his son David Alfred Thomas (later Viscount Rhondda) was born in 1856. In 1976 it became a short-lived hotel; today it is a nursing home.

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’sguthan [ˡsgi·θan] (nf)
1/ (old meaning) stock dove (Columba oenas). Standard Welsh: ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan]
2/ (modern meaning) wood pigeon (Columba palumbus). Standard Welsh: ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan]
3/ unpleasant woman. Standard Welsh: ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan]
sguthanod [ˡsgɪθa·nɔd] (pl). Standard Welsh: ysguthanod [əˡsgɪθa·nɔd]
Also: sgythan [ˡsgəθan]
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sgwär, sgwâr [sgwɛ:r, sgwa:r] (nf) square. Standard Welsh: sgwâr [sgwa:r]
From English SQUARE formerly pronounced [skwa:r] in English, nowadays [skweə]
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’sgwni [ˡsgʊnɪ] (phrase) I wonder (= ys gwn i [əˡsgʊnɪ]). See ysgwni

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***sgyrfennu [skərˡvɛnɪ] write. Standard Welsh: ysgrifennu [əsˡkrəvɛnɪ]
See sgrifennu
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sh
The consonant [ʃ] was unknown in Middle Welsh and early Modern Welsh, and [sj] was the approximation used in Welsh for this sound. The consonant [ʃ] is now well-established in Welsh, especially in the south – though it the north it only became widespread in the 1900s. The standard spelling “si” indicates this earlier pronunciation.

1/ corresponds to si- [ʃ] in standard Welsh spelling:
shop (standard Welsh spelling siop) (English: shop).
Shän (standard Welsh: Siân) (English: Jane)
shoc (standard Welsh: sioc) (English: shock)

2/ corresponds to s [s] in standard Welsh, before or after i [i, i:]
mish (= mis; English: month),
dishgwl (disgwyl = look (in southern Welsh); expect (in standard Welsh))

3/ sometimes with y [ə] which has become [ɪ]
anishtwth (anystwyth = inflexible, rigid)

4/ sometimes with y [ɪ]
bripshyn (bripsyn = piece, fragment)

5/ sometimes with u [ɪ]
dy Shul (dy’ Sul, dydd Sul = Sunday))

6/ sometimes there is no apparent cause for the palatalisation of [s]
Llanshawal < Llansawel (village name; in English, Briton Ferry)
mashgal < masgl (= peapod; eggshell)
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shà [ʃa:] (prep) towards. Standard Welsh: tua [ˡti·a]; the dialect word spelt in standard orthography appears as sia [ʃa] in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / University of Wales Dictionary [of Welsh]
mynd sha thre to go home
Also as shàg (= towards) before a vowel
Dishgwl shàg nôl (= disgwyl / edrych tuag yn ôl) look back
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shàch [ʃax] (conj) although. Standard Welsh: er [ɛr] See sàch
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shàfo [ˡʃavɔ] (v) shave. Standard Welsh: eillio [ˡəɪɬjɔ]
From English SHAVE [ˡʃa:v], now [ˡʃeiv]
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shàg [ʃag] (prep) towards. Standard Welsh: tuag [ˡti·ag]
Form of shà (= towards) before a vowel
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shàg at [ʃag ˡat] (prep) towards. Standard Welsh: tuag at [ˡti·ag ˡat]
cerad shàg aton-ni to walk towards us
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shain [ʃaɪn] (nf) chain. See tshain.
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shampan [ˡʃampan] sham, feign, pretend. Standard Welsh: smalio [ˡsmaljɔ], ffugio [ˡfɪgjɔ]
Mae'r berdoneg, yr hon a fu mewn bri mawr am flynyddau, wedi rhydu yn ein tai, a'r merched na wnai ddim ond shampan y rhai hyny wedi mounto'r bike, a byddant yn gyru heibio i chwi ar yr heol fel fflachiad mellten..... 26-09-1899 Barry Herald.

The piano, which was greatly revered (“been in great prominence”) for years, has rusted in our houses, and the women who would only feign (playing) them have got on bikes (“mounted the bike”), and will ride past you on the road like a flash of lightning ...

Most likely from English SHAM, which is problaby a dialect fornm of SHAME [ˡʃəɪm], but formerly [ʃaam]. The dialect form would be a parallel form with a short vowel (cf SHEEP, dialect SHIP; (in American English) CREEK, dialect CRICK; etc). (SHAM) + (intrusive P) + (-AN verb suffix).
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shampl [ˡʃampəl] example. Standard Welsh: enghraifft [ˡɛŋhraɪft]
Dyna shampl neis i’ch plant, ond taw-a nawr? That’s a nice example for your children, isn’t it now? (sarcastic comment)
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Shän [ʃɛ:n, ʃa:n] (nf) Jane. Standard Welsh: Siân [ʃa:n].
From English JANE [ʤa:n], taken into Welsh as [sja:n], and later becoming [ʃa:n] (if not taken into some dialects directly with [ʃ]). The consonant [ʤ] was unknown in Middle Welsh and early Modern Welsh, and [sj] was the approximation used in Welsh for this sound. The standard spelling “si” indicates this earlier pronunciation.
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Shanco [ˡʃaŋkɔ] (nm) fond form of the name Shencyn. Standard Welsh: Siencyn [ˡʃɛŋkɪn]

The real name of Lewsyn yr Haliwr was Lewsyn Shanco Lewis (b. 1794, Blaencadlan, Penderyn, Sir Frycheiniog / Breconshire; d. apparently 1847, Macleay River, Australia).

Lewsyn yr Haliwr ‘Lewis the Haulier’ (erroneously and inexplicably cited in later accounts as ‘Lewsyn yr Heliwr’ = the hunter).

His father’s English name was Jenkin Lewis.

In earlier Welsh this would have been Lewsyn àb Shanco àb Lewis (Lewis son of Jenkin son of Lewis).

An account by a contemporary in Tarian y Gweithiwr 28-05-1875 calls him ‘Lewsyn yr Haliwr’. (We might expect ‘Lewsyn ’r Aliar / Lewsyn ’Rariar’ as a Gwentian spoken form, but there is no record of this)

SHANCO, diminutive form of SHENCYN. SHANC- (taken as being the root form, as an “E” is usually the result of vowel affection cause by the following “Y”: TRAMP, TREMPYN, etc + -O, diminutive suffix.
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shapo [ˡʃapɔ] (v) shape. Standard Welsh: llunio [ˡɬɪnjɔ]
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sharo [ˡʃa·rɔ] (v) share. Standard Welsh: rhannu [ˡhranɪ]
sharo popath sy gento share everything he has
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sharp [ʃarp] (adj) sharp. Standard Welsh: siarp [ʃarp]
From English SHARP
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sharpar [ˡʃarpar] (nm) swindler; sharper.
Plural: shaparz? [ˡʃarparz]
Standard Welsh: twyllwr [ˡtuɪɬʊr], plural twyllwyr [ˡtuɪɬwɪr]; siarpwr [ˡʃarpʊr], plural siarpwyr [ˡʃarpwɪr];

Ma%%'n well gen-i ddelo â Sowthyn nag â sharpar o'r North. I’d rather deal (“it is better with me to deal”) with a southerner / someone from South Wales than a swindler from the north / from North Wales.
(Shop Dafydd y Crydd. Y Darian. 14 Mehefin 1917: “Ma'n well gen i ddelo a Sowthyn nag a sharpar o'r North.”)
ETYMOLOGY: English SHARPER (= swindler) < SHARP.

.....
shars [ʃars] (eb) charge = duty to be performed. Standard Welsh: gorchwyl [ˡgɔrxuil]
sharsa [ˡʃarsa] (pl). Standard Welsh: gorchwylion [gɔrˡxuɪljɔn]
.....
sharsan [ˡʃarsan] (eb) blow, impact. Standard Welsh: ergyd [ˡɛrgɪd]
sharsa [ˡʃarsa] (pl). Standard Welsh: ergydion [ɛrˡgɪdjɔn]
(Welsh SIARS) + (-EN diminutive suffix) > SIARSEN > (Gwentian SHARSAN)
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sharso [ˡʃarsɔ] (v) tell = command, instruct. Standard Welsh: gorchymyn [gorˡxəmɪn]
yn yººn-sharso-i i fynd i’r shop to tell me to go to the shop

Ma%%-fà wedi'n-sharso-i nä weda-i ddim gair wrth neb He’s told me not to say a word to anybody
From the noun shars (= charge) < English CHARGE
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shaw [ʃaʊ] (nf) 1/ a great many 2/ very many people, crowds. Standard Welsh: llawer [ˡɬaʊɛr]
shaw o ***ên gofion a lot of old memories
From English show, via a variant of the word; cf English mow [mou], which has a dialect or archaic pronunciation [mau].
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shawns [ʃaʊns] (nf) chance. Standard Welsh: siawns [ʃaʊns]
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shei [ʃəɪ] (adj) shy. Standard Welsh: swìl [swɪl]
From English SHY [ʃaɪ]
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shein [ʃəɪn]. (nm) shine.
This is a matter of spelling – Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / The University of Wales dictionary prefers “si-“ instead of “sh” for the standardised spelling of this Englishism. The standard form however would be disgleirdeb [dɪsˡgləɪrdɛb]. ( = shine).
O%%s fawr o shein ar y sgitsha ’na ’da-ti those shoes of yours aren’t very shiny (“there-is-not / much / of / a shine / on / the / shoes / there / with / you”)
From English SHINE [ʃaɪn]
.....

Shemsyn [ˡʃɛmsɪn] (nm) fond form of Shâms; = Jim, Jimmy / Jimmie. Standard Welsh: Iago [rˡa·gɔ]; Siemsyn [ˡʃɛmsɪn]
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Shenad [ˡʃe·nad] (nf) Jennet, Janet. Standard Welsh: Sioned [ˡʃo·nɛd]. From English JENNET, equivalent to JANET in modern English.
Also as Shenat [ˡʃe·nat].
Examples of the name in Wales and in England: (1) Jennet Jones, ganwyd / born 1849, Castell-nedd / Neath) (2) Norfolk, England: Ormesby St. Margaret Baptisms – Emma Symonds 09-12-1821; mother Jennet Symonds.
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shengyd [ˡʃɛŋɪd] (vt) trample. Standard Welsh: sathru [ˡsaθrɪ]. Origin unknown.
Verb SENGI > root SENG- with alternative verb-suffix -YD.
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shiffad [ˡʃɪfad] jiffy, instant. Standard Welsh: amrantiad [amˡrantjad], chwinciad [ˡxwɪŋkjad]
English JIFF + -AD suffix denoting extent of time.
miwn bothtu shiffad in an instant (in + about + (a) + jiffy”).
GPC notes tshiffad [ˡʧɪfad] in Sir Fynwy / Monmouthshire, and jiffad [ˡʤɪfad] in Sir Gaerfyrddin / Carmarthenshire.
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shifft [ʃɪft] (nf) shift. Standard Welsh: twrn [tʊrn], stem [stɛm], sifft [ʃɪft]
shifft ddydd day shift
shifft ddwetydd afternoon shift
shifft nos night shift
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shiglo [ˡʃɪglɔ] (v) shake. Standard Welsh: siglo [ˡsɪglɔ]
shiglo llaw â shake hands with
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shilcotsyn [ʃɪlˡkɔtsɪn] (nm) minnow. Standard Welsh: silgotyn [ʃɪlˡgɔtɪn]
shilcots [ˡʃɪlkɔts] (pl). Standard Welsh: silcod [ˡsɪlkɔd]
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shimpil [ˡʃɪmpɪl] (adj) foolish, idiotic. stupid. Standard Welsh: ffôl [fo:l]
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shimplo [ˡʃɪmplɔ] (v) belittle, speak slightingly of. Standard Welsh: bychanu [bəˡxa·nɪ]
NOTE: Not in use in standard Welsh;. The standard form would be simplio, and is thus found as a headword in dictionaries (as in GPC - Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru)
See kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 57 
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shincyn [ˡʃɪŋkɪn] (nm) ‘shincyn’; bread or toast in a bowl onto which hot water ot tea is poured, and to which butter is then added, and sugar or salt or pepper or nutmeg. Standard Welsh: shincyn [ˡʃɪŋkɪn]

Also: shencyn [ˡʃɛŋkɪn], and in west Glamorgan shincyn esmwth [ˡʃɪŋkɪn ˡɛsmʊθ]
From the personal name SIENCYN < English JENKIN.

c.1500 SIENCYN [ˡsjɛŋkɪn] > SIINCYN [ˡsjɪŋkɪn] > SHINCYN [ˡʃɪŋkɪn].
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shir [ʃi:r] (nf) county. Standard Welsh: sir [si:r]
Plural: shirodd [ˡʃi·rɔð]. Standard Welsh: siroedd [ˡsi·rɔɪð]
From English SHIRE [ʃi:r], first as [si:r] (since [ʃ] was unfamilar to Welsh speakers), and later with [s] > [ʃ] in later Welsh in the South, as the voiceless postalveolar fricative began to occur for “s” before or after “i”
yn y shir i gyd in all the county (Standard Welsh: yn y sir i gyd)

.....

Shir Bembro [ʃi:r ˡbɛmbrɔ] (nf) the county of Penfro, Pembrokeshire. Standard Welsh: Sir Benfro [ʃi:r ˡbɛnvrɔ]
Also: Shir Bemro [ʃi:r ˡbɛmrɔ]


(delwedd 5966)

Y Gwladgarwr / 12 Gorffennaf 1862
BRYNTROEDGAM, GER CWMAFON.—Damwain angeuol. — Boreu dydd Mawrth diweddaf, am 8 o'r gloch,
dygwyddodd damwain alarus yn ngwaith Drysiog, trwy i ddarn o dir gwympo ar ddyn ieuanc o'r enw David Jones, 19 oed, mab i Thomas Jones, a adnabyddir wrth yr enw ‘Twm sir Bemro,' a' i ladd yn y man. Dymunir hysbysu fod ei dad wedi myned oddi yma nos Lun diweddaf, ac nis gwyddom i ba le; ond yr ydym wedi clywed ei helynt, ei fod wedi myned tua chymydogaeth Aberdar. Dymunir ar y rhai ag sydd yn ei adnabod i ddweyd wrtho mor gynted ag gwelont ef, o herwydd nid oes un perthynas arall iddo yma. Afanwyson.
The Gwladgarwr. ( = the patriot) / July 12, 1862

BRYNTROEDGAM, NEAR CWMAFON.- A fatal accident. - Last Tuesday morning, at 8 o'clock, a terrible accident occurred in the Drysiog pit, from a piece of clay falling onto a young man named David Jones, 19 yeras old, and the son of Thomas Jones, known by the name 'Twm sir Bemro,'. ( = Tom from Sir Benfro / Pembrokeshire) and he was killed on the spot. We wish to inform that his father went from here last Monday, and we do not know where; but we have heard the way he went (‘heard his way / course’), that he has gone towards the vicinity of Aber-dâr. We wish those who know him tell him as soon as they see him, because he has no other relation here. Afanwyson. ( = ‘one of the people of Afan’).
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Shir Frycheinog, Shir Frychinog [ʃi:r vrəˡxəɪnɔg, ʃi:r vrəˡxi·nɔg] (nf) the county of Brecon, Breconshire. Standard Welsh: Sir Frycheiniog [ʃi:r vrəˡxəɪnjɔg]
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Shir Gār, Shir Gär [ʃi:r ˡga:r, ʃi:r ˡgɛ:r] (nf) the county of Caerfyrddin, Carmarthenshire. Standard Welsh: Sir Gaer [ʃi:r ˡga:r], short form of Sir Gaerfyrddin [ʃi:r gaɪrˡvərðɪn]
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Shirowi [ʃɪˡrɔwɪ] (nf) river name and name of a district of Tredegar (Gwentian: Tredecar). Standard Welsh: Sirhywi [sɪrˡhəwɪ]

(delwedd 5947)

Y Celt. 15 Ionawr 1905. Rhif 1218. Cyf. XXIII.
YN YR UNDEB IN TREDEGÅR. GAN J. D. J.

Cododd y llanw yn uchel iawn dydd Iau yn yr holl gyleh. Ni chawsom ond dau gyfarfod — Elfed a'r Cenadon, - a tra byw ar y ddaear bydd y cyfarfodydd hyn yn aros yn gysegredig gan ein calon. Clywsom fod y cyfarfod nos Iau yn Shirowi wedi troi yn Bentecost, ac fod y dyrfa wedi tori allan i ganu a gweddio mewn mwy nag un addoldy yn y Cwm. O fendigedig Undeb! Bydded y dylanwad yn fendith i filoedd o ddynion, yn ogoniant i Dduw.

Y Celt. ( = the Celt). 15 January 1905. Number 1218. Volume XXIII.
IN THE UNION IN TREDEGAR. BY J. D. J.

The tide rose very high on Thursday in all the area. We held only two meetings - Elfed and the Missionaries, - and these meetings will remain sacred in our hearts while we live on this earth. We heard that the meeting on Thursday night had turned into a Pentecost and that the congregation had broken out in song and prayer (‘crowd had broken out to sing and pray’) in more than one chapel in the Valley. O blessed Union! May the influence be a blessing to thousands of people and glory to God.

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shonc [ʃɔŋk] (adj) lively. Standard Welsh: sionc [ʃɔŋk]
Origin unknown
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Shôn [ʃo:n] (nm) John. Standard Welsh: Siôn [ʃo:n]; Ifan, Ieuan, Ioan)
From English JOHN [ʤo:n], now with a short vowel [ʤɔn]
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Shoni [ˡʃo·nɪ] (nm) 1/ Johnnie. Standard Welsh: Sioni; Siôn [ˡʃo·nɪ, ʃo:n] 2/. ( = Shoni-oi) collier (derogatory term)

NOTE: A pejorative term for the colliers from the Glamorgan uplands used (formerly) in the English of the south-east is a SHONNY [ˡʃɔnɪ], plural SHONNIES [ˡʃɔnɪz]. For people in Caer-dydd / Cardiff, the people from the Valleys coming into the city to shop or to visit the pubs at the weekend were the “Shonnies from the hills / the ’ills”. Interestingly, there is an example of this expression used to refer to North Wales people, but probably the only instance of this ever having occurred – in an email on rootsweb dated Thursday, 30 January 2003, a Liverpool-Welsh woman, married to a Welshman from Caer-dydd, states ‘the Welsh people used to arrive on certain days by coach in Liverpool for shopping - my Welsh mother in law always referred to these Northern invaders as "The Shonnies from the hills" ‘.
.....
Shoni-hoi, Shoni-oi [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡhɔɪ, ˡʃo·nɪ ˡɔɪ] (nm) Shonny Hoy, collier (derogatory term). Standard Welsh: Sioni hoi [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡhɔɪ]
Shoni-hoiz [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡɔɪz] (pl). Standard Welsh: Sioni hois [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡhɔɪs]

(delwedd 5772)

The Gwentian dialect is / was disparagingly referred to in English by its speakers as ‘Shonny Hoi Welsh’ (e.g. mentioned by Robert Minhinnick in “Writing on the Edge: Interviews with Writers and Editors of Wales” / David T. Lloyd / 1997: ‘shony hoi Welsh’).

It lost prestige in the first half of the 1900s and was felt to be inferior to other forms of spoken Welsh (the rural south-western and north-western dialects in particular, and the spoken standard Welsh of radio and television).

Welsh as a spoken language was actively discouraged in the school system, although paradoxically there might be Welsh lessons in some schools based on the literary language. This discouragement and the study of Welsh as a formal written language was not helpful to the language’s continued use and survival.
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shop [ʃɔp] (nf) shop. Standard Welsh: siop [ʃɔp]
shopa [ˡʃɔpa] (pl) shops. Standard Welsh: siopau [ˡʃɔpaɪ]
shop sgitsha shoe shop
shop gwmpni, (pl) shopa cwmpni company shop (under the truck system, at the beginning of industrialisation, workers were forced to accept wages in kind, as commodities, or else a money substitute such as vouchers or tokens was paid which could be used only in a company-owned shop where the prices were higher than usual, the system thus worked to the employer’s advantage and effectively reduced the value of the wages paid to the employee).


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short [ʃɔrt] (nf) sort. Standard Welsh: math [ma:θ]
rw short o win some sort of wine,a kind of wine
ym mob short o ffordd in all kinds of ways (“in all sort of way”)
(Other spellings: siort)
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shoto [ˡʃɔtɔ] (v) to throw; to throw away. Standard Welsh: taflu [ˡtavlɪ]
Not in use in standard Welsh; the standard form would be siotio, and is thus found in GPC - (Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru)
shoto’i fri%%cha throw his arms about (kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 55, spelt as “shotto’i freecha”)

ORIGIN: Dialect English “to shot”. ( = to throw).
1/ Cf Middlesborough, northern England: Shot - To throw. “Can you shot those things in a box please?” Shot ‘em out - Throw them out. www. lovemiddlesbrough.com/visitor-info/smogtionary-slang-dictionary
2/ Cf also colloquial English ‘get shot of’ = ‘get rid of’
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showdwr [ˡʃɔudʊr] (nm) soldier. Standard Welsh: milwr [ˡmi·lʊr]
showdwrs [ˡʃɔudʊrz] (pl). Standard Welsh: milwyr [ˡmɪlwɪr]
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shẁd [ʃʊd] (adv) 1 how. Standard Welsh: sut [sɪt]
(A final “d” after a vowel in a monosyllable in Welsh indicates a long vowel. If the vowel is short, a grave accent indicates this. This generally happens in monosyllables borrowed from English or Anglo-Norman).
Shẁd ŷch-chi os lawar dydd? (“how are you since many a day?”) i.e. how are you? I haven’t seen you for ages. Pentan Shon Ifan. Tarian y Gweithiwr. 11 Chwefror 1897. Shwd ych chi os lawar dydd?
Shẁd ’ny? How’s that? How did that happen?

2 of this kind / of that kind; such a; Standard Welsh: o’r fath [ɔr ˡva:θ], y fath [ə ˡva:θ]
shẁd ’yn of this kind, like this, like these
petha shẁd ’yn things of this kind, things like these
Fe-wetws Twynog air shẁd hyn unwath, 'Fel c’lomen unig yn yr allt yn cwyno...’ Twynog once wrote, ‘Like a lonely dove in the wood complaining...’ (“Twynog said a word of this kind once”)
Pentan Shon Ifan. Tarian y Gweithiwr. 11 Chwefror 1897 . Fe wetws... air shwd hyn unweth...

shẁd ’ny of that kind, like that, like those
shẁd beth such a thing; Standard Welsh: y fath [ə ˡva:θ ˡbe:θ]
Glwsoch-chi ’riôd shẁd beth? Did you ever here such a thing?

Shẁd le dychrynllyd yw ryfal War is such a frightful situation
Llythyra’ Newydd. Tarian y Gweithiwr. 28 November 1895. shwd le dychrynllyd yw rhyfal
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siarad [ˡʃa·rad] (v) talk. But Gwentian generally uses a different verb: ’wilia [ˡwɪlja], hwilia [ˡhwɪlja], See HWILIA.
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sicir [ˡsɪkɪr] (adj) sure. Standard Welsh: sicr [ˡsɪkɪr]
on’ ma%% un peth yn sicir but one thing’s certain
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silin [ˡsi·lɪn] (nm) 1/ ceiling. Standard Welsh: nenfwd [ˡnɛnvʊd]
*silina [sɪˡli·na] (pl). Standard Welsh: nenfydau [nɛnˡvədaɪ, -dɛ]
Also as selin [ˡse·lɪn]
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si%%ri [ˡsi:rɪ] < seiri, plural of sär [sɛ:r]. ( = standard Welsh seiri [ˡsəɪrɪ] carpenters. See SÄR
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Sisnag > Seusnag
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slafo [ˡsla·vɔ] (v) (Englishism) to slave = work like a slave. Standard Welsh: llafurio [ɬaˡvɪrjɔ], slafio [ˡslavjɔ]
a ninna’n gorffod slafo trw’n bywyd... and we are forced to slave all our lives... (“and ourselves being-forced slaving through our life”)
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si%%tha [ˡsi·θa] (pl) (= arrows). Gweler säth (= arrow)
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siwr [ˡsɪʊr] (adj) sure. Standard Welsh: sicr [ˡsɪcɪr]
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(Standard Welsh) slafio [ˡslavjɔ] (v) to slave = work like a slave. See Gwentian slafo.
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slant [slant] (nf) slant = (mining) mine entrance, inclined way to a coal seam. Standard Welsh: slant [slant]
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sliman [ˡslɪman] (nf) slim woman. Standard Welsh: un denau [i:n ˡde·naɪ]
sliman o fenyw skinny woman (“[a] slim-one [of ] [a] woman”)
(English SLIM) + (-EN feminine noun suffix) > SLIMEN (> Gwentian SLIMAN)
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slimyn [ˡslɪmɪn] (nm) slim man. Standard Welsh: un tenau [i:n ˡte·naɪ]
slimyn main skinny man (“[a] thin slim-one)
See kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 57 
(English SLIM) + (-YN masculine noun suffix) > SLIMYN
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slow [slou] (adj) alow. Standard Welsh: araf [ˡa·rav]
bod yn slow iawn be very slow
From English SLOW
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slumyn [ˡslɪmɪn] (nm) bat. See ystlum [ˡəstlɪm]
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slwmran [ˡslʊmran] (v) sleep, slumber.
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***smala [ˡsma·la] (adj) funny. Standard Welsh: digrif [ˡdɪgrɪv], ysmala [əˡsma·la]
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smart [smart] (adj) (1) smart = attractive;. Standard Welsh: deniadol, [dɛnˡja·dɔl], smart [smart]; (2) smart = clever. Standard Welsh: craff [kra:f], smart [smart]
From English SMART
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***smatig [ˡsmatɪg] (adj) 1/ asthmatic = suffering from asthma 2/ (coal mine) causing asthma. Standard Welsh: asthmatig [asˡθmatɪg]
From English SMATICK < ASMATICK. ( = ASTHMATIC)
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***Smutw [ˡsmɪtʊ] (nf) village name. See Ynysmeudwy [ənɪsˡθməɪduɪ]
1/ YNYSMEUDWY > YNYSMEUDW (reduction of final diphthong WY > W) (typical feature of southern Welsh)
2/ YNYSMEUDW > ’SMEUDW (loss of pretonic syllable) (typical feature of Welsh in general)
3/ ’SMEUDW > ’SMEUTW (devoicing o the D when at the head of a final syllable – a typical feature of Gwentian)
4/ ’SMEUTW > ’SM’UTW (reduction of diphthong EU to U) (typical feature of southern Welsh)
(“Smutw” also spelt as “Smitw” – in South Wales, “i” and “u” are both pronounced as “i”)

y lleuthferch yna o Smutw that milkmaid from Ynysmeudwy (Y Darian, 4 Tachwedd 1915: “y llaethferch yna o Smutw”)


(delwedd J6370)
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smeilan [ˡsməɪlan] (v)
1/ to smile. Standard Welsh:
.....
smwddo [ˡsmu·ðɔ] (v)
1/ iron. Standard Welsh: stilo [ˡsti·lɔ], smwddio [ˡsmʊðjɔ]
2/ stroke (a cat, etc). Standard Welsh: anwesu [anˡwɛsɪ]

English SMOOTH. ‘Smooth the cat’ is heard in Somerset and Devon, and also in the English of south-east Wales.
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snêc [sne:k] (nm) sneak, creep. Standard Welsh: llechgi [ˡɬɛxgɪ]
Snêcs Aber-där / Snêcs Bar-där nickname for Aber-dâr / Aberdare people (‘(the) sneaks (of) Aber-dâr’).
y Snêcs the people of Aber-dâr / Aberdare
Tre’r Snêcs Aber-dâr / Aberdare (‘(the) town (of) the sneaks’)
Dinas y Snêcs Aber-dâr / Aberdare (‘(the) city (of) the sneaks’)
Ffair y Snêcs = Ffair Aber-dâr / Aberdare Fair (‘(the) fair (of) the sneaks’).

From English SNEAK [sneik], an older pronunciation of what is now SNEAK [sniik].
Often mistakenly said to be the English word “snake” (= serpent). Perhaps “sneik” would be abetter spelling in English:

See Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700) has:
(Sneke,) Sneik, n.
(Cf 17th century English "sneak" (a1643), also Sneake (1597, SHakespeare, proper name)
A term of opprobium. One who acts in an underhand or shabby manner.

"Sneke n.". Dictionary of the Scots Language. 2004. Scottish Language Dictionaries Ltd. Accessed 20 Apr 2023 http://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/sneke

This pronunciation is still to be found in Irish English, and latterly in many English dialects, though it is a fast-disappearing feature. (In western and southern dialects of English especially many dialect words retain the original [ei] pronunciation that has become [i:] in modern standard English.)

In standard English, there are vestiges of EA [ei] in STEAK [steik] and BREAK [breik].

Cf ‘strame’ [streim] as the pronunciation of ‘stream’ in the Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire, bordering on the Gwentian-speaking area. Here too: “clean” [kli:n] is “clane” [klein], “speak” [spi:k] is “spake” [speik].

Cf sneak-up = cringing villain, creeping rascal (c. 1597 Henry IV Part 1 / Act III Scene iii Line 84 [Falstaff to Hostess] The Prince is ... a sneak-up [Quarto: sneakeup; Folio: sneak-cup]

A Glossary Of Berkshire Words And Phrases. Major B. Lowsley, Royal Engineers. London. Published For The English Dialect Society. 1888. (‘All [words and expressions] as now submitted I have heard spoken in Mid-Berkshire.’) notes quane = queen), spake = speak), strame = stream), wake-lin = weakling), whate = wheat), whale = wheel i.e. a haze around the moon)

The explanation for this nickname for Aber-dâr people might be the one given in 1915 in the weekly newspaper Y Darian:


(delwedd 5903)
Y Darian. 28 Hydref 1915.
(3) Snecs Aberdar. — Gelwid felly am eu bod yn arfer segura ar hyd yr heolydd, a chario clecs o fan i fan, ac yn creu ymryson rhwng y cymdogion.

‘Aberdare Sneaks’. They were called this because they were in the habit of hanging around the streets doing nothing, and carrying gossip from place to place, and sowing discord between neighbours.

There seesm to be another suggestion that “snêcs” means “lazy people” in this verse from 1915:

Aberdare Leader. 14 Awst 1915. Clywedion Dyffryn Dar.
"I drink a peint when I feel feint,
And sometimes drink too many,
But when I'm sick and want a peint
My trowsis pockets' empty;
But now, beware, you Snakes of Dare,
You slackers bold and cheeky,
Old Count still lives just off the square
And gives good peints quite tidy!"


(delwedd J7567 )

(Other forms or spellings: snec, snêc, snake)
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snerllyd [ˡsnɛrɬɪd] (adj) sneering. Standard Welsh: gwawdlyd [ˡgwaʊdɬɪd]
Tarian y Gweithiwr. 2 Gorffennaf 1908. Clywedion Dyffryn Dar.
yn snerllyd sneeringly
“wedi gwed yn snerllyd fod hyny'n fwy na alla'i neud.”
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sniff [snɪf] (nf) sniff. Standard Welsh: ffroeniad [ˡfrɔɪnjad]

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snortan [ˡsnɔrtan] (v) snort. ( = make a snorting noise). Standard Welsh: ffroeni [ˡfrɔɪnɪ]
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snwbyn [ˡsnu·bɪn] (nm) 1/ lump = large person or thing. Standard Welsh: talp [talp] 2/ punch on the nose; punch, blow. Standard Welsh: ergyd [ˡɛrgɪd] 3/ snub = rebuff, rejection, act of treating coldly or with disdain; slighting comment. Standard Welsh: sen [sɛn]
snwbyn o grotyn a great lump of a boy, a large lump of a boy
English SNUB (= rebuke, reprimand) < SNUB (v) (= rebuke, reprove, chide, scold) < Old Scandinavian SNUBBA (= chide, scold), perhaps originally with the sense of ‘cut off’.
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snwffach [ˡsnu·fax] (v) sniffle (have a runny nose from a cold). Standard Welsh: sniffian [ˡsnɪfjan]
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sodlo [ˡsɔdlɔ] (v)
1/ tread the heels of sb;
2/ (dog) snap at or bite the heels of a cow, horse, etc;
3/ follow closely at the heels of sb, be subservient to sb. Standard Welsh: sodlo [ˡsɔdlɔ]
Ci Sodlo - An underling. “Mae e'n folon bod yn gi sodlo i bawb." (He is willing to be un underling to everybody).
Cardiff Times. 3 Hydref / October1908. Uncommon Words and Expressions, Peculiar to Glamorgan. Cadrawd.
.....
sofft [sɔft] (adj) soft. Standard Welsh: meddal [ˡme·ðal]
English SOFT
.....
so%%g [so:g] (nm) dregs, residue; pigswill. Standard Welsh: soeg [sɔɪg]
.....
sö long [sə ˡlɔŋ] so long, goodbye, bye-bye, bye. Standard Welsh: hwyl [huɪl]
English SO LONG

Tarian y Gweithiwr. 2 Gorffennaf 1908. Clywedion Dyffryn Dar.
Wel, so long nawr ta.
.....
sôn [so:n] (nm) mention, talk. Standard Welsh: sôn [so:n]
taw sôn ròg cwiddyl i ti! Be quiet – shame on you!. Standard Welsh: taw sôn rhag cywilydd i ti!)
Taw sôn, blentyn! Be quiet, child!
.....
sop [sɔp] (nm) 1/ sop, bread soaked in milk or tea. Standard Welsh: sop [sɔp]; 2/ bowl of bread and milk or bread and buttermilk. Standard Welsh: bara llaeth [ˡba·ra ˡɬaɪθ] 3/ (adj) sopping-wet
gwallt sop sopping-wet hair
bod yn sop diferol be sopping wet
English SOP
.....
sopan [ˡsɔpan] (nf) 1/ hussy; term of abuse for a woman. Standard Welsh: maeden [ˡməɪdɛn]
sopennod [ˡsɔpɛnɔd] (pl). Standard Welsh: maedenod [məɪˡde·nɔd]
Probably from sopen. ( = straw bundle, bundle of straw). SOPEN > Gwentian SOPAN;
if not sop. ( = sop, bread soaked in milk or tea; stupid person) (SOP) + (diminutive suffix -EN) > SOPEN > Gwentian SOPAN
.....
sopor [ˡso·pɔr] (adj)
1/ sober. Standard Welsh: sobr [ˡso·bɔr];
2/ serious. Standard Welsh: difrifol [dɪˡvri·vɔl];
3/ sopor o... very. Standard Welsh: iawn [jaʊn]
Rw-i weti bod yn sopor o fishi’n ddiweddar I’ve been very busy lately
dan ni%%thur gwimad mor sopor â phäb with a serious look on his face (‘making a face as serious as a pope’)
.....
sopri [ˡsɔprɪ] (v) 1/ (vi) sober up, become sober. Standard Welsh: sobri [ˡsɔbrɪ] 2/ (vt) make sober. Standard Welsh: sobri [ˡsɔbrɪ] 3/ (vt) put in a serious mood. Standard Welsh: callio [ˡkaɬjɔ] 4/ (vi) quieten down. Standard Welsh: tawelu [taˡwe·lɪ] 5/ (vt) quieten down. Standard Welsh: tawelu [taˡwe·lɪ]
.....
sopyn [ˡsɔpɪn] (nm) 1/ bundle. Standard Welsh: bwndel [ˡbʊndɛl]; 2/ a great many. Standard Welsh: llawer iawn [ˡɬa·wɛr ˡjaʊn]
sopyn dychrynllyd a great amount of people
sopyn digynnig a great amount of people
.....
sosban [ˡsɔspan] (nm) saucepan. Gwentian sosban [ˡsɔspan].
ETYMOLOGY: English [ˡsɔspən] “saucepan”; in present-day English the first element is pronounced according to the independent word “sauce” [ˡso:spən] “ (or in the USA [ˡsa:spən] – cf other examples of this dissection and reanalysis of old compounds in English
..a/ housewife < ‹húsif›,
..b/ forehead < ‹fórid›,
..c/ hedgehog < ‹héjog›
.....
söseiati [səˡsəɪətɪ] (nf?) society. Standard Welsh: cymdeithas [kəmˡdəɪθas]

.....
sownd [sɔʊnd] (adj) sound = honest, trustworthy, reliable. Standard Welsh: cywir [ˡkəwɪr]

.....
Sowthyn [ˡsɔʊθɪn] (nm) southerner (i.e. man from South Wales, person from South Wales). Standard Welsh: Deheuwr [dɛˡhəɪʊr], plural Deheuwyr [dɛˡhəɪwɪr],
Ma'n well gen i ddelo â Sowthyn nag â sharpar o'r North. I’d rather deal (“it is better with me to deal”) with a southerner / someone from South Wales than a swindler from the north / from North Wales.
(Shop Dafydd y Crydd. Y Darian. 14 Mehefin 1917: “Ma'n well gen i ddelo a Sowthyn nag a sharpar o'r North.”)

.....
sp- For words spelt with “sp-“ see “sb-” (sprytion = sbrydion, etc).
.....
stàbo [ˡsta·bo] (v) stab. Standard Welsh: trywanu [trəˡwa·nɪ]
.....
stac [stak] (nm) factory chimney, stack. Standard Welsh: simnai [ˡʃɪmnaɪ]
staca [ˡstaka] (pl). Standard Welsh: simneiau [ʃɪmˡnəɪaɪ]
English STACK. ( = tall chimney)
.....
stäj [stɛ:ʤ, sta:ʤ] (nf) PLURAL: *stäjys, *stâjys [ˡstɛ:ʤɪs, ˡsta:ʤɪs]
stage. Standard Welsh: llwyfan, llwyfannau [ˡɬʊɪvan, ɬʊɪˡvanaɪ, -nɛ]
w-i'n ***ala'r ddrama i chi'r tro ’yn, a ma%% sôn yma ishws am i-roi-’i ar y stäj
I’m sending you the play this time, and there’s talk here already of putting it on the stage
(Y Darian. 14 Mehefin 1917. Llith y Tramp. “wi'n hala'r ddrama i chi'r tro hyn, a ma son yma ishws am i rhoi hi ar y stêdj.”)

.....
Stalfera [stalfe·ra] (nf) local form of Ystalyfera. Standard Welsh: Ystalyfera [əstaləfe·ra]
.....
staplo [ˡstaplɔ] (v) stable = put (a horse) in a stable. Standard Welsh: stablo [ˡstablɔ]
From (STABAL = stable) + (-O verb suffix) > STABLO
(Source: GPC)
.....
starto [ˡstartɔ] (v) start. Standard Welsh: dechrau [ˡdɛxraɪ], cychwyn [kəxˡwɪn], startio [ˡstartjɔ]
Ro%%dd yr angladd weti starto cyn yr amsar (adapted from Y Darian 09-09-1915) The funeral had started early (“before the time”)
From English START
.....
stêj [ste:ʤ] (nf). See stäj
.....
stêl [ste:l] (adj) (bread) stale. Standard Welsh: hen [he:n] = old, henbob [ˡhɛnbɔb] = literally “old-baked”)
bara dicon stêl yw a it’s bread that’s quite stale

From English STALE [sta:l], now [steil]; probably from the proto-Germanic root *STA- (= to stand), found in the English words
1/ STAND,
2/ STALL This is cognate with German STALL (= stable), Greek STELE (= slab of stone), Latin STOLIDUS (originally = (adj) unmovable; later (adj) = stupid, foolish).

The Germanic root word is cognate with Latin STÂRE (= to stand), from which (via French) comes English STABLE (adjective = immovable; noun = building for a horse or horses)
.....
stico [ˡstɪkɔ] (v)
1/ to stick. Standard Welsh: glynu [ˡglənɪ]; sticio [ˡstɪkjɔ]
2/ to hurry. Standard Welsh: brysio [ˡbrəʃɔ]
stico (petha) yn i-gilydd stick things together
sticwch i gwplo (GPC) (imperative form) hurry up and finish
From English (TO) STICK
.....
stitsh ˡstɪʧ] (nm?) stich = the least bit. Standard Welsh: mymryn [stɔrm]
stitshyz [ˡstɪʧɪz] (pl). Standard Welsh: mymrynnach [məmˡrənax]
nela'r un ohonyn-nw ddim stitsh o waith byth onibái u-bod-nw’n gorffod neither of them would do a stitch of work unless they were forced to
.....
Stiw^t /stju:t/ (nm?)
1/ institute. Standard Welsh: sefydliad [sɛˡvədljad]
Popular name for Sefydliad y Glowyr Coed-duon / Blackwood Miners’ Institute, and other South Wales Miners’ Institutes.
From the English name ‘(The) Stute’ /stju:t/, a clipped form of ‘Institute’.
The same name in used in Sir y Flint / Flintshire for the Miners’ Institute in Rhosllannerchrugog.
.....
stôl [sto:l] (nf) stall. Standard Welsh: stondin [ˡstɔndɪn]
stôlz [sto:lz] (pl) stalls. Standard Welsh: stondinau [stɔnˡdi·naɪ, -ɛ]
stôl lyfra bookstall
From English STALL from the proto-Germanic root *STA-. ( = to stand)
.....
stop [stɔp] (nm) stop. Standard Welsh: stop [stɔp]
roi stop ar betha fel ’yn to put a stop to things like this (‘give / put a stop on....’)
From English STOP
.....
stopo [ˡstɔpɔ] (v) stop. Standard Welsh: stopio [ˡstɔpjɔ]; atal [ˡatal]
cäl ÿch-stopo i weid ÿch-barn be stopped from voicing your opinion
(STOP) + (-IO verb suffix) > STOPIO > STOPO
.....
storom [ˡsto·rɔm] (nf) storm. Standard Welsh: storm [stɔrm]
stormydd [ˡstɔrmɪð] (pl). Standard Welsh: stormydd [ˡstɔrmɪð]
.....
Strafellta [straˡvɛɬta] (nf) village name. Local form of Ystradfellte [əstɪadˡvɛɬtɛ].
.....
streic [strəɪk] (nf) strike. Standard Welsh: streic [strəɪk]
From English STRIKE
.....
strêt [stre:t] (adv) straight. ( = directly). Standard Welsh: syth [si:θ]
mynd strêt i’r gwely go straight to bed
From English STRAIGHT
.....
stresol [ˡstrɛsɔl] (adj) busy. Standard Welsh: prysur [ˡprəsɪr]
English STRESS (STRES) + (-OL adjectival suffix)
.....
stwmp [stʊmp] (nm) 1/ tree stump. Standard Welsh: boncyff [ˡbɔŋkɪf]; 2/ bewilderment, perplexity. Standard Welsh: stwmp [stʊmp]
mynd i stwmp become nonplussed, become bewildered, become perplexed
.....
stwmpyn [ˡstʊmpɪn] (nm) 1/ tree stump. Standard Welsh: boncyff [ˡbɔŋkɪf]; 2/ (Morgannwg) works manager or offical. Standard Welsh: stwmpyn [ˡstʊmpɪn] (GPC)
.....
stumocus [stɪˡmo·kɪs] (adj) (food) appetising; (person) having a good appetite; (work) causing one to be hungry. Standard Welsh: stumogus [stɪˡmo·gɪs] (GPC))
·····
stydio [ˡstədjɔ] (v) to study. Standard Welsh: astudio [aˡstɪdjɔ]
1 study
2 (Morgannwg) think about, consider
(Not derived from Welsh astudio (= to study), but taken from English TO STUDY)
·····
stỳr [stər] (eb) to stir. Standard Welsh: ennyn [ˡɛnɪn], ysgwyd [ˡəsguɪd]
roi stỳr yndon-ni i (neud rwpath) to stir us into (doing something)
(Tarian y Gweithiwr 29th Gorffennaf 1897: yn rhoi styr yndo ni i...)
.....
sulw [ˡsɪlʊ] (nm) observation, comment, remark. Standard Welsh: sylw [ˡsilʊ]
.....
sulwi [ˡsɪlwi] (v) notice, observe. Standard Welsh: sylwi [ˡsɪlwi]
sulwch! observe!, note! (imperative – second person plural)
.....
Susnag [ˡsi·snag] (nf) English. Standard Welsh: Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg]. See Seusnag
.....
sut [sɪt] (adv) how. Gwentian shẁd [ʃʊd]. Also shẁt [ʃʊt].
shẁd y^ch-chi ’eddi? how are you today? (The standard spelling of this southern form is “siẁd ŷch chi” in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / University of Wales Dictionary, under the headword “siwt”).
ishta [ˡɪʃta] (prep) like < yr un shẁd â ( = the same form as)


(delwedd 5594)
(How are you today? I’ve got better by using Gwilym Evan’s Quinine Bitters)

(Other spellings: siwd. shwd. shwt, siwt)
.....
swagro [ˡswagrɔ] (v) swagger. Standard Welsh: rhodresa [hroˡdrɛsa], ymddwyn yn rhodresgar [ˡəmðuin ən hroˡdrɛsgar]
From English SWAGGER; (SWAGR) + (-O verbal suffix) > SWAGRO
.....
swît [swi:t] (adj) sweet. Standard Welsh: melys [ˡmɛlɪs]
Swît Ber-där
English SWEET

Cf. In the English dialect of Llanidloes, mid-Wales: SWEET, a word of encouragement used during a fight, or some athletic contest. “Sweet, Jack.” (Parochial Account of Llanidloes / Edward Hamer / Chapter X / Folk-lore. Page 307 Collections Historical and Archeological Relating to Montgomeryshire and its Borders / 1877)
.....
swllt [sʊɬt] (nm) shilling (a coin worth twelve pence which was abolished with the introduction of decimal coinage in the English state in 1971). Standard Welsh: swllt [sʊɬt]
Plural: syllta [ˡsəɬta]. Standard Welsh: sylltau [ˡsəɬtaɪ]
(Pembrokeshire swllte; a Gwentian form #swllta might also be supposed.)
dou swllt two shillings
Welsh < British SOL’D- < Latin SOL’D- < SOLIDUS. (= minted coin).
.....
swnd [sʊnd] (nm) sand. See SAND
.....
swrn, syrnau [sʊrn, ˡsərnaɪ, -ɛ] ‹SURN, SƏR ne› (masculine noun)
1 (South-east Wales) ankle

(delwedd 7398)
NOTE: Local pronunciations in italics; thus Gwentian swrn, syrnau > swrn, swrna [sʊrn, ˡsʊrna]
.....
swta [ˡsʊta] (adj) abrupt
apad yn swta answer abruptly, give a curt answer
.....
swffro [ˡsʊfrɔ] (v) suffer. Standard Welsh: dioddef [dɪˡo·ðɛv], syffro [ˡsəfrɔ]
From English SUFFER (SWFFR) + (-O verbal suffix) > SYFFRO (> Gwentian SWFFRO)
.....
swmp [sʊmp] (nm) sump = pool at the bottom of a mine working where water collects (and is pumped out from). Standard Welsh: swmp [sʊmp]
#swmpa [ˡsʊmpa] (pl). Standard Welsh: sympiau [ˡsəmpjaɪ]
.....
swmp [sʊmp] (nm) substance = a good thickness, a good weight. Standard Welsh: sylwedd [ˡsəlwɛð]
English SUM > Welsh SWM > SWMP. ( = SWM + extraneous -P)
.....
swmpo [ˡsʊmpɔ] (v) handle to get an idea of the weight or thickness of something. Standard Welsh: trafod â’r llaw [ˡtra·vɔd a:r ɬau]
From SWMP + (-IO verbal suffix) > SWMPIO (> Gwentian SWMPO)
.....
swno [ˡsu·nɔ] (v) sound. Standard Welsh: swnio [ˡsʊnjɔ]
swno fel brän sound like a crow
.....
sylcan [ˡsəlkan] (v) sulk. Standard Welsh: sorri [ˡsɔrɪ], pwdu [ˡpu·dɪ]
From English SULK
.....
swrddan [ˡsʊrðan] (nf) chatterbox. Standard Welsh: baldorddwraig [balˡdɔrðwraɪg] (GPC)
.....
swrddyn [ˡsʊrðɪn] (nm) chatterbox. Standard Welsh: baldorddwr [balˡdɔrðʊr]
.....
sybstanshal [səbˡstanʃal] (adj) substantial. Standard Welsh: sylweddol [sɪlˡwe·ðɔl]
From English SUBSTANTIAL
.....
sylfan [ˡsəlvan] (nm) foundations of a house. Standard Welsh: sylfaen [ˡsəlvaɪn]
Also silfan [ˡsɪlvan]
Fe allwch weld rhai o'r silfan ’co nawr you can still see some of the foundations there (‘you can see some-ones of the foundation yonder now’)
.....
symud [ˡsəmɪd] (verb) move. Standard Welsh: symud [ˡsəmɪd]
Ma%%-fa weti symud yma i fyw at i-ferch He’s moved here to live with his daughter

.....
Sýmyrsets [ˡsəmərsɛts] (pl) ‘Somersets’, immigrant workers from the English county of Somerset. Standard Welsh: gwy^r Gwlad yr Haf [ˡgwi:r ˡgwla:d ər ˡhav]
.....
Sysnag [ˡsəsnag] (nf) English. Standard Welsh: Saesneg [ˡsəisnɛg]. See Seusnag.
.....
systífficat [səˡstɪfɪkat] (nf?) certificate. Standard Welsh: tystysgrif [təstˡəsgriv].
.....
sythu [ˡsəθɪ] (v) 1/ stiffen; 2/be freezing; die of cold. Standard Welsh: sythu [ˡsəθɪ]
rw-i bron sythu I’m almost dead from the cold, I’m frozen stiff. Standard Welsh: yr wyf bron â sythu


(delwedd 5748)
Who in Mountain Ash has not heard of John and Will Bron Sythu, men who as boys, used to go to Davies the shop, on Darran Las, where Thomas is now, clothed in shreds and tatters to enjoy the genial heat of the bakehouse?

Xxxxx

rodd yr angladd wedi starto cyn yr amsar (Y Darian 09-09-1915)
(Other spellings: Siemsyn, Siemsin, Shemsin)

xxxxx
Geiriadur Geiriau Cymraeg Camsillafedig (Sillafiadau Tafodieithol, Hynafol, Anarferol, Anghywir a Seisnegedig).
Geiriau Cymraeg nad yw yn y geiriaduron safonol - gellir gweld llawer ohonynt, ynglŷn â’u sillafiad safonol, yn y ddolen-gyswllt isod:

Dictionary of Misspelt Welsh Words (Dialectal, Archaic, Unusual, Incorrect and Anglicised Spellings).
Welsh words not listed in standard Welsh dictionaries - many might be found, along with their standard spelling, via the link below:

www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur-camsillafiadau_MORFIL_3525e.htm


(delwedd G4002b)

Sumbolau:

ɛ: ɛ:

a A / æ Æ / e E / ɛ Ɛ / i I / o O / u U / w W / y Y /
MACRONː ǟ ā Ā / ǣ Ǣ / t Ē / ä Ä / ī Ī / ō Ō / ū Ū / w̄ W̄ / ȳ Ȳ /
MACRON + ACEN DDYRCHAFEDIGː Ā̀ ā̀ , Ḗ ḗ, Ī́ ī́ , Ṓ ṓ , Ū́ ū́, (w), Ȳ́ ȳ́
MACRON + ACEN DDISGYNEDIGː Ǟ ä , Ḕ ḕ, Ī̀ ī̀, Ṑ ṑ, Ū̀ ū̀, (w), Ȳ̀ ȳ̀
MACRON ISODː A̱ a̱ , E̱ e̱ , I̱ i̱ , O̱ o̱, U̱ u̱, (w), Y̱ y̱
BREFː ă Ă / ĕ Ĕ / ĭ Ĭ / ŏ Ŏ / ŭ Ŭ / B5236ː B5237ː
BREF GWRTHDRO ISODː i̯, u̯
CROMFACHAUː ⟨ ⟩ deiamwnt
A’I PHEN I LAWRː ∀, ә, ɐ (u+0250) httpsː //text-symbols.com/upside-down/
Y WENHWYSWEG: ä ǣ æ ɛ: ɛ:

ˈ ɑ ɑˑ aˑ aː / æ æː / e eˑeː / ɛ ɛː / ɪ iˑ iː ɪ / ɔ oˑ oː / ʊ uˑ uː ʊ / ə / ʌ /
ẅ Ẅ / ẃ Ẃ / ẁ Ẁ / ŵ Ŵ /
ŷ Ŷ / ỳ Ỳ / ý Ý / ɥ
ˈ ð ɬ ŋ ʃ ʧ θ ʒ ʤ / aɪ ɔɪ əɪ uɪ ɪʊ aʊ ɛʊ ɔʊ əʊ / £
ә ʌ ẃ ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ ẅ ẃ ẁ Ẁ ŵ ŷ ỳ Ỳ Hungarumlautː A̋ a̋

U+1EA0 Ạ U+1EA1 ạ
U+1EB8 Ẹ U+1EB9 ẹ
U+1ECA Ị U+1ECB ị
U+1ECC Ọ U+1ECD ọ
U+1EE4 Ụ U+1EE5 ụ
U+1E88 Ẉ U+1E89 ẉ
U+1EF4 Ỵ U+1EF5 ỵ
gyn aith δ δ £ gyn aith δ δ £ U+2020 †
« »

DAGGER
wikipedia, scriptsource. org
httpsː []//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ

Hwngarwmlawtː A̋ a̋
gyn aith δ δ
…..
…..
ʌ ag acen ddyrchafedig / ʌ with acute accentː ʌ́

Ə́ ə́

Shwa ag acen ddyrchafedig / Schwa with acute

…..
…..
wikipedia,
scriptsource.[]org
httpsː//[ ]en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ

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