kimkat3588.
Geiriadur Saesneg a Chymraeg (Gwenhwyseg).
A Dictionary of English and Welsh (Gwentian dialect – the south-eastern
dialect of Wales).
30-09-2024
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…..
(delwedd J7360)
(delwedd J6256b)
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_0934k.htm Y Wenhwyseg - y prif dudalen
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_2184c.htm El dialecte güentià del gal·lès - la
pàgina prinicipal
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_1004e.htm Gwentian dialect of Welsh – the main
page
xxx
y [ə]
1
reduced form of a vowel in a tonic syllable
·····
y < i
stymog
/ˡstəmɔg/ < stumog /ˡstɪmɔg/ (= stomach) (Standard
Welsh stumog /ˡstɪmɔg/ )
sgypor /ˡskəpɔr/ < sgupor /ˡski·pɔr/ (= barn) (Standard
Welsh ysgubor /əˡski·bɔr/ )
sgythan /ˡskəθan/ < sguthan
/ˡski·θan/ (= pigeon) (Standard Welsh ysguthan /əˡski·θan/)
also in Gw^yr / Gower Llangynydd < Llangenydd
2
reduced form of a vowel in a pretonic syllable
y < e
cyffyla
< ceffylau (= horses)
y < i
sgryfennu < sgrifennu < ysgrifennu
·····
y >
i [ə > ɪ] in the penult
The spelling with “y” in Mynyddyslwyn [mənɪðˈəsluɪn] probably represents [ə]) (= Mynyddislwyn [mənɪðˈɪsluɪn])
·····
y [ə] (definite article)
1/ the (= y [ə])
pont,
y bont bridge, the bridge
Before a vowel it is yr [ər] (= yr [ər])
ochor,
yr ochor side, the side
gardd,
yr ardd garden, the garden
2/ used in vocatives:
paid
acor d’ena, yr idiot don’t open your mouth, you idiot; don’t say a word,
you idiot (“paid ag agor dy enau, yr idiot”)
·····
ÿ [ə] In this dictionary the ÿ indicates a schwa where
standard Welsh spelling would suggest a long or short i [i:, i].
Most often, such words are from English.
Normally in standard Welsh this is indicated
by ỳ, but since we use this to indicate a short vowel instead of long (which standard Welsh does for
other vowels – a,e,i,o,u,w), we have resorted to ÿ.
bÿs
[bəs] a bus
ffÿs
[fəs] fuss
rÿn
[rən] run
slÿm
[sləm] slum
ÿch [əx] your
ÿn
[ən] particle; preposition = in
ÿs
[əs] as
ÿs
[əs] reduced form of òs [ɔs] = if
·····
ÿch [əx] your (= eich [əx], and very formally – but historically incorrectly – as
[əɪx], which is in fact a spelling pronunciation)
ÿch promis-chi your promise
·····
ycha [ˡəxa] (adj) upper, uppermost, highest, top (= uchaf [ˡu·xav]) See ucha
·····
ychal [ˡəxal] (adj) high (= uchel [ˡu·xɛl]) See uchal
·····
i-chi [i: ˡxi] (v) 1/ you are, that-you-are. ( = yr ych chi [ər i:x ˡxi:]) Generally seen written as “i chi” [i: ˡxi]
y^ch-chi’n
gweld (yr ych chi’n gweld) = you see (depending on style and context, etc, the
verb BOD may be dropped leaving only chi’n gweld.
·····
yfad to drink. Standard: yfed
also ifad
yfad cwrw
·····
’yfryd [ˡəvrɪd] (adj) pleasant
See HYFRYD
·····
’yfrytwch [əˡvrətʊx, həˡvrətʊx] (nm) pleasure (H)YFRYTWCH
·····
ymlän [əˡmlæ:n] (adv) forward. Standard Welsh: ymlaen [əˡmlaɪn]
Also as ’mlän
Gwentian: ymlaen > ’mlaen [mlaɪn] > ’mlān [mla:n] > ’mlän [mlæ:n]
dera
’mlän! [ˡde·ra ˡmlæ:n] come on!
·····
-yn [ɪn] (m) (suffix) 1 diminutive
2 singulative (creates a singular form from a mass noun – moch = pigs, mochyn = pig) (= -yn [ɪn])
If the basic word has the vowel “a”, vowel
affection usually occurs (“a” becomes “e”), though this seems to occur less in
recent times.
cnap (= lump) > cnepyn (=
small lump) (but also cnapyn)
sgrap (= scratch, scrape, graze) > sgrepyn (= little scratch, etc)
·····
’yn [ɪn] (pn, adj) this (= hyn [hɪn])
’rwthnos
’yn this week
yn y
pentra ’yn here in the village (= ‘in this village’)
·····
yno [ˡənɔ] (adv) 1/ there = in the place mentioned (= yno [ˡənɔ])
Also ’no
[nɔ] (with the loss
of first syllable, although it is the tonic syllable – this is of frequent
occurrence in Welsh)
·····
’ynotrwdd [əˡnɔtrʊð] (nm) 1/ unique quality; 2/ strangeness, eccentricity,
See HYNOTRWDD
·····
yngä [əˡŋæ:] (adv) closed (= Standard Welsh ynghau [əˡŋhaɪ], ar gau [ar ˡgaɪ])
mā gwy^r y capeli am u-catw-nw yngä
the chapel people want to keep them closed
(Y Darian. 18 Mai 1916. Hen Bartnar Dai. “ma gwyr y capeli am i catw nw
ynge”)
(YN) + (nasal mutation C > NGH) + (CAU* =
closed, past participle of CAU = to close) (*the spelling CAE might be expected
for the past participle, but the standard form is CAU)
·····
ynys [ˡənɪs] (nf) 1/ island 2/ (place names) riverside meadow, water
meadow (= ynys
[ˡənɪs])
·····
Ynysmeudwy [ənɪsˡθməɪduɪ] (nf) village name. Gwentian: Smitw [ˡsmɪtʊ].
1/ YNYSMEUDWY > YNYSMEUDW [ənɪsˡθməɪdu] (reduction of final diphthong WY >
W) (typical feature of southern Welsh)
2/ YNYSMEUDW > ’SMEUDW (loss of pretonic
syllable) (typical feature of Welsh in general)
3/ ’SMEUDW > ’SMEUTW (devoicing o the D
when at the head of a final syllable – a typical feature of Gwentian)
4/ ’SMEUTW [ˡsməɪtʊ].>
’SMI%%TW [ˡsmɪtʊ] (reduction of diphthong EU to I%%) (typical feature of southern Welsh)
(“Smitw” also spelt as “Smutw” – in South
Wales, “i” and “u” are both pronounced as “i”)
y llaethferch yna o Smitw that
milkmaid from Ynysmeudwy (Y Darian, 4 Tachwedd 1915 “y Llaethferch yna o
Smutw”)
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·····
Ynys-y-bŵl
[ˡənɪs ə
ˡbu:l] village name (Standard Welsh is the same: Ynys-y-bŵl [ˡənɪs ə ˡbu:l].
In English (and earlier in Welsh? In the late
1800s? ) the long vowel of bŵl has been made short (bwl)
Also: Ynys-bŵl. Short name: Yr Ynys [ər ˡənɪs]
|
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...
(delwedd J8008)
NOTE: the actual etymology appears to be
(YNYS = water meadow) + (Y = definite article) + (BŴL = bowl for playing
skittles – perhaps used in the sense of ‘game of bowls / game of skittles’)
·····
ypar clàs [ˡəpar
ˡklas] (nm) upper class (= dosbarth uchel [ˡdɔsbarθ ˡi·xɛl])
(Other spellings: upar clas)
·····
yp tw dic [ˡəp tʊ ˡdɪk]
(adv) up to the
required standard (= at safon foddhaol [at ˡsa·vɔn
vɔðˡha·ɔl])
(= “to (a) satisfactory standard”
From English UP TO DICK (Victorian slang; =
not fooled, not taken in; wide-awake, artful; up to the required standard; not
up to dick = not well, sick)
up to dic, up to dick:
from “DICLARATION”, a form of “DECLARATION”
·····
ypseto [əpˡsɛtɔ]
(v) upset (= gofidio [gɔˡvɪdjɔ])
From English UPSÉT (YPSÉT) + (-IO verbal
suffix) > YPSETIO > YPSETO
·····
yr [ər] (definite article) the (= yr [ər])
Before a tonic syllable beginning with a vowel,
yr may be reduced to [r] which acts as a proclitic
yn yr
ysgol in the school, at school
yn
’rysgol (rapid speech) in the school, at school
Cf south-west Wales place name (various
places) Dan-yr-allt > Dan-rallt (‘below the wood’)
Also in North Wales (various places)
Glanyrafon > Glanrafon (‘riverside’, ‘riverbank’)
·····
-ys [ɪs] (suffix)
Plural suffix – cwtsh, cwtshys (= hug,
embrace; cubbyhole; dog’s kennel) bocs, bocsys (= box); nyrs, nyrsys
(= nurse), ffigys (= figs; in standard Welsh, singular + -en > ffigysen),
·····
ÿs [əs] (conj) if (= os [ɔs])
Reduced from òs [ɔs]
·····
ÿs [əs] (conj) as (= fel [vɛl])
ÿs gwetws ‘as + did say,
as + said’
mà pob dicyn bäch yn
(h)elp, ÿs gwetws y dryw bäch ẁth bisho
yn y môr
every little bit helps, as the wren said as he pissed in the sea
(in Sir Benfro / Pembrokeshire and Sir Gaerfyrddin / Carmarthenshire as “os”)
ORIGIN: Probably the English conjunction as [az, əz]
·····
ysbryd [ˡəsbrɪd]
(nm) 1/ spirit; 2/ ghost. Standard Welsh: ysbryd [ˡəsbrɪd]
PLURAL: ysbrydion > sbrydion > Gwentian ysprytion [əˡsbrətjɔn] >
sprytion [ˡsbrətjɔn]
Standard Welsh: ysbrydion [əˡsbrədjɔn].
Mā’r
ên eclws yn llawn o sprytion the old church is full of ghosts, is haunted
·····
yscetyn [əˡskɛtɪn]
(adv) some time ago (= ers cetyn [ers ˡskɛtɪn])
·····
ysgol [ˡəsgɔl] (nf) school (= ysgol [ˡəsgɔl])
yn yr
ysgol in the school, at school
yn
rysgol (rapid speech) in the school, at school
·····
ysgwni [əˡsgʊnɪ] (phrase) I wonder (= ys gwn i [əˡsgʊnɪ])
ysgwni
faint onoch-chi sy’n cofio’r ’ên lefal lo? I wonder how many of you
remember the old coal level?
Also ’sgwni
[ˡsgʊnɪ]
From OS GWN I = if I know
·····
ystlum [ˡəstlɪm] (nm) bat. Gwentian slumyn [ˡslɪmɪn]
(SLUM < YSLUM < YSTLUM) + (-YN
masculine noun suffix) > SLUMYN
Plural:
ystlumod [əstˡlɪmɔd] bats. Gwentian: slumod [ˡslɪmɔd]
·····
Yr Ystrad [ər ˡəstrad] (nm) short form for place names with
‘ystrad’ (broad valley) as a first element (= Yr Ystrad [ər ˡəstrad])
1/ Ystradgynlais
Note: An expected colloquial form (though not
confirmed in this case) would be ’Rystrad, as in other parts of Wales.
Ystradfellte [əstɪadˡvɛɬtɛ]
(nf) village name. Gwentian Ystradfellte > Stradfellte [stɪadˡvɛɬtɛ]
> Strafellte [stɪaˡvɛɬtɛ]
> Strafellta [stɪaˡvɛɬta].
(Loss of pretonic syllable “y”;
simplification of the consonant cluster [dv] > [v]; and in the “final -a”
zone, final “e” becomes “a”).
·····
ystrêd [əˡstre:d] (nf) village (= pentre [ˡpɛntrɛ])
The English Element In Welsh. T. H.
Parry-Williams. 1923. Tudalen 27:
Pughe's 'Silurian' YSTRED 'village,'
quoted by Pedersen, is probably a dialectal form of YSTRYD 'street'.
NOTE: If the original form is ystryd, with the accent on the first syllable (as in “ysgol”), a following “y”
in a final syllable might become “e” in earlier Welsh, as in Merchyr
(Wednesday; Mercury) > Mercher.
A Gwentian form would be ystred
/ˡəstrɛd/ > ystrad, making it indistinguishable form ystrad (= broad
valley).
Compare Basque “kale” (= street), a word
from Castilian (calle = street) or other contiguous Romance languages, which
has come to have a secondary meaning of “town”.
xxxxx
Geiriadur Geiriau Cymraeg Camsillafedig (Sillafiadau
Tafodieithol, Hynafol, Anarferol, Anghywir a Seisnegedig).
Geiriau Cymraeg nad yw yn y geiriaduron safonol - gellir gweld llawer
ohonynt, ynglŷn â’u sillafiad safonol, yn y ddolen-gyswllt isod:
Dictionary of Misspelt Welsh Words (Dialectal, Archaic, Unusual, Incorrect and
Anglicised Spellings).
Welsh words not listed in standard Welsh dictionaries - many might be found,
along with their standard spelling, via the link below:
www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur-camsillafiadau_MORFIL_3525e.htm
(delwedd G4002b)
Sumbolau:
a A / æ Æ / e E / ɛ Ɛ /
i I / o O / u U / w W / y Y /
MACRONː ā Ā / ǣ Ǣ /
t Ē / ɛ̄ Ɛ̄
/ ī Ī /
ō Ō / ū Ū / w̄ W̄ / ȳ Ȳ /
MACRON
+ ACEN DDYRCHAFEDIGː Ā̀ ā̀ , Ḗ ḗ,
Ī́ ī́ , Ṓ ṓ , Ū́ ū́, (w), Ȳ́
ȳ́
MACRON + ACEN DDISGYNEDIGː Ǟ ǟ , Ḕ ḕ, Ī̀
ī̀, Ṑ ṑ, Ū̀ ū̀, (w), Ȳ̀ ȳ̀
MACRON ISODː A̱ a̱ , E̱ e̱ , I̱ i̱ , O̱
o̱, U̱ u̱, (w), Y̱ y̱
BREFː
ă Ă / ĕ Ĕ / ĭ Ĭ / ŏ Ŏ / ŭ Ŭ /
B5236ː 
B5237ː 
BREF GWRTHDRO
ISODː i̯, u̯
CROMFACHAUː ⟨ ⟩ deiamwnt
A’I PHEN I LAWRː
∀, ә, ɐ (u+0250) httpsː
//text-symbols.com/upside-down/
Y WENHWYSWEG: ɛ̄ ǣ æ æ:
æ:
æ ɛ
ˈ ɑ ɑˑ
aˑ aː / æ æː / e eˑeː / ɛ ɛː / ɪ iˑ
iː ɪ / ɔ oˑ
oː / ʊ uˑ uː ʊ / ə / ʌ
/
ẅ
Ẅ / ẃ Ẃ / ẁ Ẁ / ŵ Ŵ /
ŷ
Ŷ / ỳ Ỳ / ý Ý / ɥ
ˈ ð ɬ ŋ
ʃ ʧ θ ʒ ʤ / aɪ ɔɪ
əɪ uɪ ɪʊ aʊ ɛʊ ɔʊ əʊ
/ £
ә ʌ ẃ ă ĕ ĭ ŏ
ŭ ẅ ẃ ẁ Ẁ ŵ ŷ ỳ Ỳ
Hungarumlautː A̋ a̋
U+1EA0 Ạ
U+1EA1 ạ
U+1EB8 Ẹ U+1EB9 ẹ
U+1ECA Ị U+1ECB ị
U+1ECC Ọ U+1ECD ọ
U+1EE4 Ụ U+1EE5 ụ
U+1E88 Ẉ U+1E89 ẉ
U+1EF4 Ỵ U+1EF5 ỵ
g
yn 
aith
δ δ £ gyn aith
δ δ £ U+2020 †
« »
DAGGER
wikipedia, scriptsource. org
httpsː
[]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ
Hwngarwmlawtː A̋ a̋
g
yn aith
δ δ
…..
…..
ʌ ag acen ddyrchafedig
/ ʌ with acute accentː ʌ́
|
Shwa ag acen ddyrchafedig
/ Schwa with acute |
…..
…..
wikipedia,
scriptsource.[]org
httpsː//[
]en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ
---------------------------------------
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www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur_cymraeg_saesneg_BAEDD_y_1586e.htm
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Adolygiadau diweddaraf / Latest updates /
Darreres actualitzacions:
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