|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3715) (tudalen a001)
|
A GLOSSARY
LANCASHIRE DIALECT. BY JOHN H. NODAL AND GEORGE MILNER
Manchester.
(PUBLISHED FOR THE LITERARY
CLUB BV)
ALEXANDER IRELAND & CO.,
PALL MALL LONDON: TRÜBNER & CO., LUDGATE HILL. 1875
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3716) (tudalen a002)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3717) (tudalen a003)
|
iv
THE FOLK-SPEECH OF
LANCASHIRE.
Of the Lancashire dialect there is not even a decent vocabulary, though it is
highly important to the philologist, on account of its grammatical structure
and its many genuine Saxon terms. The mixture of population consequent upon
the spread of the cotton manufacture has greatlv deteriorated the purity of
the Lancashire speech; but the Laird of Monkbarns might still find the
genuine Saxon guttural in the mouths of the old people. R. GARNETT, in
Quarterly Review” Vol. LV. (1836) p. 357.
Our words, scattered through districts and used by a population [which is]
yet held marvellously together amongst immigrants twenty-fold their number,
require collection. Collier's diligent accumulation a century ago is
invaluable, but the very glossary which accompanies his book shows that his
verbal knowledge was defective. Grimm (Deutsche Grammatik, vol. i. p. 222)
says it yet remains [in order] to explain Anglo-Saxon to enquire closely into
the play (spielarten) of dialects which must be gathered with a reference to
place and time, and this can only be done in England. We are satisfied there
is no speech so original and important to the end thus proposed as our own
neglected South Lancashire patois.
T. HEYWOOD, F.S.A., in Chetham Society's Miscellanies, Vol. III. (1862) /.
36.
One might write a dissertation to prove the vigour, the terseness, and the
venerable antiquity of this [the Lancashire] variety of speech, which ought
to be studied as an independent idiom: and not confounded with corrupt and
vulgar English, like the English of the uneducated Londoner. But such a
dissertation would be written, however eloquently, in vain. The old
provincial languages are passing away from the face of the island, and the
time is at hand when the pure dialect of Lancashire will have given place to
the English of the schoolmaster and the penny-a-liner. This may be in many
ways a great gain. It will bring an important population into closer and
easier relation with the other inhabitants of the island. But it will not be
an unmixed gain; and a thousand pregnant turns of expression, a thousand
keen-edged phrases that have been sharpened by the wit of many generations,
will be lost for ever to our soft-tongued posterity.
Wenderholme: a Story of Lancashire and Yorkshire Life. By PHILIP G. HAMEKTON.
publications of tje JlftaiufjESUr Utterarj) <“Dlub.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3718) (tudalen a004)
|
A. IRELAND AND CO., PRINTERS, PALL MALL, MANCHESTER.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3719) (tudalen a005)
|
v TEMPORARY PREFACE.
IT N these prefatory remarks it is not intended to do more than -- indicate,
as briefly as possible, the general scope of the Glossary, and to offer such
observations as seem absolutely necessary for the due comprehension of the
plan pursued. The portion now published will amount, it is estimated, to
rather more than a third of the Glossary proper. On its' completion, the
words themselves will be reprinted apart from the meanings, notes, and
illustrations accompanied by a representation of the pronunciation according
to the Glossic system of Mr. A. J. Ellis. This will be followed by a General
Introduction, embodying remarks on the grammatical structure and
peculiarities of the dialect, and on the variations of idiom and
pronunciation as observable in the several districts of the county. It is
proposed also to include, in this section of the work, an essay on the
capabilities of the dialect and a bibliographical survey of its literature.
A fairly well-defined difference exists between the dialect of the northern
and southern portions of Lancashire. Mr. A. J. Ellis, in the classification
of the existing English dialects which he proposes to adopt in Part V. of his
Early English Pronunciation, and the outlines of which he laid before the
Philological Society on the 5th of March, 1874, places Lonsdale, North and
South of the Sands, in the Northern English Dialect group, along with Westmorland,
Cumberland, and portions of Durham and Yorkshire .; whilst the
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3720) (tudalen a006)
|
TEMPORARY PREFACE. Vl
rest of Lancashire is placed in the North- Western English Dialect
group, along with Derbyshire, Cheshire, and Shropshire. In view of the
division thus indicated, it is urged by some authorities that the dialect of
each section should be glossed separately, and it is certain that whatever
has been done in the past has been done upon this principle. The present is
the first attempt to deal with the dialect of the county in one united
collection; and the further we have progressed in the work the less reason
have we seen for treating Lancashire on a plan at variance with that adopted
in regard to other counties. We have found it impossible, for example, to
determine the precise line of demarcation. Some observers fix it as far north
as the Lune; others at the Ribble; and others still further south, at a point
between Chorley and Bolton. Again, a very large number of words and idioms,
and many peculiarities of grammar and pronunciation are common to both
sections of the county. Our valued contributor and fellow-labourer, the late
Mr. T. T. Wilkinson, F.R.A.S., of Burnley, a close observer of the dialect in
his neighbourhood for more than forty years, marked almost every one of the
Furness words contained in our preliminary draft lists as being also current
in East Lancashire. There are differences of pronunciation, of course, but in
the main it is obvious that the earlier language was substantially the same
in both localities. Similarly, whilst many of the words current in the Fylde,
the tract of country between the Wyre and the Ribble, are not now to be found
elsewhere in Lancashire, the majority of its provincialisms have a close
affinity with those in use both in the north and south of the county. In
point of fact the differences between the dialect of Lonsdale and that of
South and East Lancashire are not greater, in several important particulars,
than those observable in different localities within the South-east
Lancashire area, where the dialect of Bolton is distinguishable from that of
Rochdale, and the patois of Oldham from that of Ashton-under-Lyne and
Stalybridge. Here, as elsewhere, rivers have a dividing effect on the dialect
Mr. James Pearson reports that in the Fylde (not an extensive district) there
are three or four different pronunciations, and almost, one might say, as
many dialects.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3721) (tudalen a007)
|
vii TEMPORARY PREFACE.
Where a river is fordable or crossed by a bridge, the dialect is the same on both
sides of the river; but where the river is unfordable and there are no ready
means of communication, the dialect on the two sides is different. Speaking
broadly, then, it may be said that whilst minute differences prevail all over
the county, the dialect changes by almost imperceptible degrees as it
advances northward. The links which bind the northern and southern varieties
are traceable without much difficulty when the words are gathered together in
one glossary and placed, as it were, side by side. Finally, since the county
plan has been adopted as a rule throughout England, there seems to be no
sufficient reason why Lancashire should be the only exception.
The Manchester Literary Club, with which the project originated, fortunately
possesses some peculiar facilities for its adequate execution. It not only
numbers amongst its members the chief writers in the dialect, but also
residents in, or representatives from, all parts of the county. The manner in
which the shire has been mapped out among the contributors is somewhat as
follows:
Fiirness, or Lonsdale North . . Mr. J. P. Morris. Lonsdale South .',', ( ...
. . Mr. H. T. Crofton. The Fylde . V ,.' . "“; . . +'. The late James
Pearson. Mid-Lancashire (Preston and neighbourhood) Mr. Charles Hardwick, Mr.
J. H. Haworth, and -Mr.
E. Kirk. East Lancashire (Burnley and
Cliviger) The late T. T. Wilkinson,
and Mr. James Standing. Bury and Walmersley . . . . The late Joseph Chattwood
and the Rev. Addison
Crofton.
Rochdale . Mr. Edwin Waugh,
Saddleworth . . . '..'. . Mr. Morgan Brierley. Moston . . . .;. .. .. . Mr.
George Milner and
Mr. Joseph Ramsbottom. Failsworth and Hollinwood . , Mr. Benjamin Brierley
and
Mr. James Dronsfield.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3722) (tudalen a008)
|
TEMPORARY PREFACE. viii
The first name in this list suggests the observation that the Editors had at
the outset an invaluable body of information concerning the dialect of
Furness in Mr. J. P. Morris's Glossary of its Words and Phrases a collection
which leaves almost nothing to be desired, and is a model of what a local
glossary should be. Notwithstanding our invasion of a domain which he had
made his own, Mr. Morris has worked most cordially with us, and has rendered
valuable assistance in many ways. The late Mr. James Pearson, at a very early
stage of the work, contributed a large MS. collection of words in in use in
the Fylde, the result of years of assiduous observation and research. Other manuscript
lists were placed at our service, as follows:
1. Words in use in Ormskirk. Compiled by W. Hawkshead
Talbot.
2. Words in use in Clifton and Irlam. Compiled by W. Chorlton.
3. Words in use in Ashton-under-Lyne. Compiled by Dr. Clay.
4. Words in use in Rossendale. Compiled by John Ash worth.
5. Collections made at Walmersley, near Bury, and other places.
By the Rev. Addison Crofton, of Reddish.
6. Collections made at Lancaster, Preston, Morecambe, Chip
ping, Burton, and other places in South Lonsdale and Mid-Lancashie. By H. T.
Crofton.
7. A Collection of Lancashire Words. By the Rev. John Davies,
author of the Races of Lancashire.
8. A List of South Lancashire Words. By John Jackson, of
Warrington.
9. A List of Words used in and around Cartmel, in Furness.
By W. Hunter, of Height, Cartmel.
Other contributions have been received from Mrs. G. Linnaeus Banks, Mr. W. E.
A. Axon, and the Rev. Elkanah Armitage, of Waterhead, Oldham. For the MS.
lists, i to 4, we are indebted to the courtesy of the Manchester Literary and
Philosophical Society and for the collections of Mr. Jackson and Mr. Hunter
(8 and 9) to the Rev. John Davies. The available printed materials will be
found enumerated in the list of Authorities.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3723) (tudalen a009)
|
iX TEMPORARY PREFACE. One of the chief difficulties of a glossarist is the
orthography. In our case, the words have been given, whenever practicable, in
the spelling adopted by the most trustworthy of the county writers, among
whom Mr. Edwin Waugh stands pre-eminent, on account not only of his genius
and knowledge, but of his minute observation and scholarly study of the
dialect. Where this aid is lacking, a form of spelling has been employed
which represents the nearest approach to the pronunciation, so far as that
can be conveyed in ordinary English. It is intended hereafter, as already
stated, to reprint the whole of the words accompanied by Glossic symbols.
This portion of the work has been kindly undertaken by Mr. Thomas Hallam, who
will also, it is expected, contribute an essay upon the general subject of
Lancashire dialectal pronunciation.
In the Etymological notes, it has been the anxious desire of the Editors to
restrict the information within safe and sound limits, and, above all, to
avoid guesses. They have been aided in the prosecution of this endeavour by
the Rev. Walter W. Skeat, who has kindly found time from his numerous and
pressing labours to revise the proofs, and to enrich the notes with many
valuable and interesting suggestions.
The illustrations are arranged in chronological order. The passages from
Anglo-Saxon [i.e., First English], Middle English, and modern authors are
followed by examples in the Lancashire dialect from the works of county
writers; and when not obtainable from books an example is given, wherever
practicable, of the current colloquial usage of the word. The South-East
Lancashire examples of colloquial use have been contributed by Mr. George
Milner; East Lancashire by Mr. T. T. Wilkinson; the Fylde by Mr. James
Pearson; and the Furness examples by Mr. J. P. Morris.
In the General Introduction it will probably be found desirable to explain at
some length the plan of procedure in the matter of inclusion and exclusion to
show why words which have a place in some of the extant fragmentary
glossaries of the Lancashire dialect, as, for example, Mr. Peacock's Lonsdale
collection, are omitted in the present work, and why others are included. It
must suffice
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3724) (tudalen a010)
|
x
at present to say that in our compilation, as a rule, the inclusive system
has been adopted. All dialectal words known to have currency in the county, and
all archaisms the use of which at any period can be verified, have been
comprehended in the Glossary, without reference to the fact that some of them
may be in use in other parts of England. On the other hand, it has not been
thought necessary to encumber the work with archaic declensions, or with the
merely provincial spellings of words common in standard English, as both
these classes will be dealt with collectively and exhaustively hereafter.
Where this rule has been departed from, it has been because the words in
question were so peculiar in form that if met with by the ordinary reader in
a dialectal book they would not be understood. Other words, again, have been
recorded, such as afeard, beck, busk, buss, clip, don, and the like, which
occur occasionally in the poetry of the day, or, more often, in our older
standard literature, but which have dropped out of the ordinary speech, and,
when given in dictionaries of the language, are marked as
"obsolescent" or “obsolete." As these are still employed in
the every-day talk of the Lancashire people, it has seemed to us that they
had a just claim to a place in a Glossary of the dialect.
It remains for the Editors to tender their warm acknowledgments to all who
have kindly assisted them in the preparation of the Glossary. In addition to
those already mentioned, they are indebted for valuable suggestions and
assistance to Dr. Richard Morris, president of the Philological Society; Mr.
F. J. Furnivall, M.A.; and Mr. J. A. Picton, F.S.A., of Liverpool. Their chief
thanks are due to the Rev. Walter W. Skeat, M.A., the indefatigable director
of the English Dialect Society, whose ripe experience and accurate
scholarship have been placed unreservedly at the service of the Editors. The
labours of the glossarist, under the most favourable circumstances, are
arduous and trying. In the present instance they have been materially
lightened by Mr. Skeat's generous and never-failing aid.
MANCHESTER, December, 1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3725) (tudalen a011)
|
Authorities:
BEING A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL BOOKS AND EDITIONS QUOTED AND CONSULTED.
I. ANGLO-SAXON AND MIDDLE-ENGLISH.
A.D.
680. C^DMON. Metrical Paraphrase, Anglo-Saxon and English, by B. Thorpe,
F.S.A. 1832.
880 KING ALFRED. Anglo- c axon Version of the History of the World, by
Orosius. Edited by the Rev Dr. Bosworth. 1859.
995. Heptateuchus, Liber Job, et Evangelium Nicodemi, Anglo-Saxonic&. Ed.
by Thwaites. Oxon, 1698. [Quoted as the A.S. version of the Bible: Old
Testament.]
995. Anglo-Saxon Gospels. Edited by the Rev. J. Bosworth. 1865. 1210. A ncren
Riwle [? Dorsetshire]. Ed. by J. Morton. London, 1853.
1303. ROBERT MANNYNG. Handlyng Synne. Ed. by F. J. Furnivall. Roxburghe Club,
1862.
1320. Early English Metrical Romances [written in Lancashire]. Ed. by John
Robson. Camden Society, 1842.
1320. Cursor Mundi [Northumbrian Dialect]. Ed. by Dr. Richard Morris. Early
English Text Society, 1874$5.
1330. English Metrical Homilies. Ed by John Small, M.A. Edinburgh, 1862.
1340. HAM POLE. The Pricke of Conscience, by Richard Rolle de Hampole.
[Northumbrian dialect.] Ed. by Dr. Richard Morris. Philological Society,
1863.
1340. HAMPOLE. English Prose Treatises, Ed by Rev. G. G. Perry. E.E.T S,
1866.
1350. The Romance of William of Palerne. Ed by the Rev. W. W. Skeat.
E.E.T.S., 1867.
1350. The Alliterative Romance of Joseph of Arimathie, or the Holy Grail. Ed.
by Skeat. E.E T.S., 1871.
1360. The Gest Hystoriale of the Destruction of Troy. Ed. by Panton and
Donaldson. E.E.T.S., 1869 and 1874.
1360. Early English Alliterative Poems in the West Midland Dialect
[Lancashire]. Ed. by Dr. Richard Morris. E.E.T S., 1864.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3726) (tudalen a012)
|
Xll LIST OF AUTHORITIES.
1360 Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight. West Midland Dialect [Lancashire]. Ed.
by Dr. Richard Morris. E.E.T.S., 1864.
1360. Morte Arthure. Ed from the Thornton MS., by the Rev. G. G. Perry. E.E.I
.S., 1865. Re-edited by E. Brock. E.E.T.S., 1871.
3362. LANGLAND. Alliterative Vision of William concerning Piers the Plowman.
Text A, from the Vernon MS. Ed. by the Rev. W. W. Skeat. E.E.T.S., 1867.
1377. LANGLAND, William's Vision concerning Piers the Plowman. Text B. Ed.
Skeat. E.E.T.S,, 1869.
J375$ JOHN BARBOUR. The Bruce. Ed. by Jamieson.
1380. JOHN WYCLIF. Version of the Gospels. Ed. by Rev. J. Bosworth. 1865.
1380. GEOFFREY CHAUCER. Aldine Edition. Ed. by Dr. Richard Morris.
Six volumes. Second Edition. 1870. One or two quotations have
'been made from Tyrwhitt's Edition.
1440. JOHN LYDGATE. Storie of Thebes. Quotations made from Skeat's Specimens
of English Literature. 1871.
1440. Promptorium Parvuloram. Ed. by Albert Way, M. A. Camden Society, 1865.
1440. Thornton Romances. Camden Society, 1844.
1482. Revelation to the Monk of Evesham. Arber's Reprint.
1513. GA WIN DOUGLAS. Translation of Virgil's Eneid. Quoted from Skeat's Sp.
Eng. Literature. 1871.
1528, WILLIAM TYNDALE. Version of Gospels. Ed. by Rev J. Bosworth. 1865.
1570. ROGER ASCHAM. The Scholemaster. Arber's Reprint. 1579. STEPHEN GOSSON.
The Schoole of Abuse. Arber's Reprint.
11590. EDMUND SPENSER. Globe Edition of Poems. Ed. by Dr. Richard Morris.
1869.
1600 WILLIAM SHAKSPERE. The quotations are made from the First Folio Edition
of 1623 (Booth's Reprint), and the acts, scenes, and lines are numbered
according to the Globe Edition, edited by W. G. Clark and W. Aldis Wright,
1866. The dates affixed to the plays are those of the first mention, first
printing, or first known production on the stage.
1610. The Bible: Authorised Version.
II. WRITERS IN THE DIALECT.
ALMOND, JOHN (Blackburn): A Day at Blackpool. 1872.
BAMFORD, SAMUEL \b. 1788, d. 1872]:
Passages in the Life of a Radical. Two volumes. 1840. Walks in South
Lancashire and its Borders. 1844. Edition of Tim Bobbin. 1850. Poems. 1864.
BARBOUR, DR. HENRY:
Forness Folk: or Sketches of Life and Character in Lonsdale, North of the
Sands. 1870.
BIGG, J. STANYAN (Ulverston) [b. 1828, d. 1865]: Shifting Scenes. 1862.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3727) (tudalen a013)
|
xiii LIST OF AUTHORITIES. Xlii
BRIERLEY, BENJAMIN:
Marlocks of Merriton. 1867. The Fratchingtons. 1868. Red Windows Hall. 1869.
BRIGGS, JOHN \b. 1787, d. 1824]:
Remains. Kirkby Lonsdale, 1825.
BYROM, JOHN [b. 1691, d. 1763]:
Miscellaneous Poems. Two volumes. First edition, 1773
COLLIER, JOHN [b. 1708, d. 1786]:
The Works of Tim Bobbin, in Prose and Verse. Rochdale edition, 1819.
GIBSON, ALEXANDER C.:
High Furness Dialect Sketches, in his book on the Folk-Speech of Cumberland.
1868.
LAHEE, Miss M. R.:
The Carter's Struggles. Manchester, ab 1865.
Betty o'Yep's Laughable Tale. Manchester, ab. 1865.
LONSDALE MAGAZINE:
Vols. I. and II. Kirkby Lonsdale, 1820-1. Vol. III. Kendal, 1822.
MORRIS, J. P.:
Sketches in the Furness Dialect. Carlisle, 1867.
RAMSBOTTOM, JOSEPH:
Phases of Distress: Lancashire Rhymes. Manchester, 1864.
RIDINGS, ELIJAH:
The Lancashire Muse. Manchester, 1853.
SCHOLES, JOHN:
Tim Gamwattle's Jaunt fro' Smobridge to Manchester o' seein't Queen.
Manchester, 1857.
STANDING, JAMES:
Echoes from a Lancashire Vale. Manchester, 1870.
WILSONS, THE:
Songs of the Wilsons. Ed. by John Harland, F.S.A. Manchester, no date.
WAUGH, EDWIN:
Sketches of Lancashire Life and Localities. Manchester, 1855.
Poems and Lancashire Songs. 1859.
The Barrel Organ. 1865.
Besom Ben. 1865.
Ben an' th' Bantam. 1866.
Tattlin' Matty. 1867.
The Dead Man's Dinner. 1867.
Th' Owd Blanket. 1867.
Dulesgate. 1867.
Home Life of the Lancashire Factory Folk during the Cotton Famine. 1867.
Sneckbant, or Th' Owd Toll-bar. 1868.
Yeth-bobs an' Scaplins. 1869.
Jannock [Furness dialect]. 1874.
Old Cronies. 1875.
Sancho's Wallet [in the Sphinx]. 1870.
The Chimney Corner [in the Manchester Critic]. 1874.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3728) (tudalen a014)
|
XIV LIST OF AUTHORITIES.
III.
WORKS RELATING TO THE DIALECT OR TO LANCASHIRE.
The Lancashire Dialect. Illustrated in Two Lectures. By the Rev. William
Gaskell, i\J.A. 1854. Essay on the South Lancashire Dialect By Thomas
Heywood, F.S. A. Chatham
Society's Publications, vol. 57. Manchester, 1862.
Notes on the South Lancashire Dialect. By J. A. Picton, F.S A. Liverpool:
Privately printed.
Glossary of the Dialect of the Hundred of Lonsdale. By R. B. Peacock. Ed. by
Rev J. C. Atkinson. Philological Society's Transactions, 1867.
A Glossary of the Words and Phrases of Furness. By J. P. Morris 1869. History
of the Chapelry of Goosnargh. By Henry Fishwick, F.S. A. 1871.
Lancashire Legends and Traditions. By John Harland, F.S.A., and T. T.
Wilkinson, F.R.A.S. 1873.
Ballads and 'Songs of Lancashire. Collected and edited by John Harland.
Second Edition. Revised and enlarged by T. T. Wilkinson. 1875.
. DICTIONARIES, GLOSSARIES, AND MISCELLANEOUS.
Altenglische Sprachproben. By Edward Matzner. Erster Band. Berlin, 1869.
Anglo-Saxon and English Dictionary. By the Rev. Joseph Bosworth, D.D. 1868.
Bible Word-Book, The. By J. Eastwood, M.A., and W. Aldis Wright, M.A. 1866.
Dictionary of the Old English Language, compiled from writings of the I2th,
I3th, 1 4th, and 1 5th Centuries. By Francis Henry Stratmann. Krefeld, 1873.
Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English. Compiled by Thomas Wright,
M.A. Two volumes. 1869.
Dictionary of the French and English Tongues. By Randle Cotgrave. 1611.
Dictionary of the English Language. By Samuel Johnson. Fifth Edition, folio.
1784.
Dictionary of the English Language. By Charles Richardson, LL.D. Two volumes.
1844.
Dictionary of English Etymology. By Hensleigh Wedgwood. Second Edition. 1871.
English Dialect Society's Publications. 1873$4.
Glossary of the Dialect of Cumberland. By Robert Ferguson. 1873.
Glossary of North Country Words. By John Trotter Brockett, F.S. A. Third
Edition. Two volumes. Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1846.
Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases. By Anne Elizabeth Baker. Two
volumes. 1854.
Glossarial Index to the Printed English Literature of the Thirteenth Century.
By Herbert Coleridge. 1859.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3729) (tudalen a015)
|
LIST OF AUTHORITIES. XV
Glossary illustrating the Works of English Authors, particularly Shakspere
and his contemporaries. By Robert Nares, M.A., F.R.S. New Edition, by J. O.
Halliwell and T. Wright. Two volumes. 1872.
Historical Outlines of English Accidence. By Dr. Richard Morris. Second
Edition. 1872.
Icelandic-English Dictionary. By Richard Cleasby and Gudbrand Vigfusson, M.A.
Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1874.
Philology of the English Tongue. By J. Earle, M.A. Shaksperian Grammar. By E.
A. Abbott, D.D. 1873.
Songs and Ballads of Cumberland and the Lake Country. By Sidney Gilpin.
Three volumes. 1874. Sources of Standard English. By T. L. Knighton Oliphant.
1873.
Specimens of Early English, from A.D 1298 to A D. 1393. By Dr. R. Morris and
the Rev. W. W. Skeat, MA. 1872
Specimens of Knglish Literature from A D 1394 to A D 1579. By the Rev. W. W.
fckeat 1871.
ABBREVIATIONS.
A.S. Anglo-Saxon used for First English.
Cf. Confer, compare.
Dan. Danish.
Du. Dutch.
Fr. French.
Ger. German.
Icel. Icelandic.
Lat. Latin.
Mces.-Goth. Mceso-Gothic.
Mid. E. Middle English.
O. Fr. Old French.
Sc. Scottish.
Suio-Goth. Suio-Gothic.
Sw. Swedish.
W. Welsh.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3730) (tudalen 001)
|
Glossary of the Lancashire Dialect.
A.
v. have. In Mid. E. a is often used for have in the imperative mood, as
"A mercy, madam, on this man here." William oj Paler ne, 1. 978.
Though I'd a geen my silver watch Just for ya single word. Shijting Scenes, p
172.
J. STANYAN BIGG. 1862.
COLLOQUIAL USE. 1875$$
God a mercy! Yon chylt's afire.
A, prep, on, in. A.S. on is equivalent both to on and in in Mod. Eng. Icel.
d, upon or in.
Thei wenten afoote fro alle citees. Markv'i. 33.
Also, of ]>e forseyde Saxon tonge J>at is deled a thre [= divided in
three]. VoL iL, c. 59, 1. 199.
The flattering index of a direfull pageant; One heav'd a high, to be hurled
downe below.
Richard III., iv. 4, 85.
[Also: a Monday, Hamlet, ii 2, 406; a my word, Taming of Shrew, i. 2, 1 08;
stand a tiptoe, Henry V , iv. 3, 42; a plague a both your houses, Romeo, iii.
I, 94; and many others ]
WlCLIF.
1380.
JOHN OF TREVISA. 1387$
SHAKSPERE. 1597$
RAMSBOTTOM. 1874.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
^4$thattens [= in that way] eawr Harry's for dooin',
aw see; He's sowt him a sweetheart an cares nowt for me
Unpublished MS. “Did he goo to th' buryin'?" “He did: he went
0-horseback."
AA (N. Lane.) v. to owe, as “I aa him nowt." Aa pronounced like a/i,
long. Icel. d, pres. of eiga, to own. AS. dh t pres. ofdgan, to own, to owe.
Scot. awe.
I've little to spend, and naething to lend, But deevil a shilling I awe, man.
BURNS: Tarbolton Lasses.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3731) (tudalen 002)
|
2 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
AAM, v. to mock. A person repeating another's words in an ironical manner is
said to be “aamin after him." Aa pronounced like a/i, long.
AA.MAS (N. Lane.), ) sb. alms, gifts. . A.S. almesse. Icel. almusa. AUMAS (E.
Lane.),) Mod. Scottish awmus or awmous. Aa pronounced like ah, long.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. Reufol he was to neody men, of his almesse large and
fre.- /. 330.
He mette
A beggar that him cumly grette, And said, “lef sir, par charitS Wit sum
almous thou help me."
English Metrical Homilies.
First, through byhing of paynes >at greves, With almu, J?at men to the
pure gyves.
Pricke of Conscience ', 3608.
Hir herte is verrey chambre of holynesse, Hir hond, mynistre of fredom and
almesse.
Man of Lawes Tale, 69.
While she held up her greedy gab Just like an aumous-dish. The Jolly Beggars.
1298.
NORTHUMBRIAN DIALECT, About 1330.
HAMPOLE. 1340.
CHAUCER. I 37$
BURNS. 1786.
The following is still remembered in Furness as the usual address of beggars:
“Pity, pity paamas, Pray give us aamas; Yan for Peter, two for Paul, Three
for God at meead us all.”
COLL. USE (East Lane.) He lives o' aumas. 1875$$
A AN (North and Mid. Lane.), adj. own. A.S. dgen, own, from dgan, to possess.
Ilk man ]>at here lyves, mare or lesse,
God made til his awen lyknesse. P. of C. 90.
In at the dur he went with this gud wiff, A roussat goun of hir awn scho him gaif.
Wallace, 23”.
And lat no fowll of ravyne do effray, Nor devoir birdis bot his awin pray.
Thistle and Rose, stanza 18.
like fair cite
Stude, payntit, euery fyall, fayn, and stage, Apon the plane grund, by thar
awyn vmbrage.
Trans, of Virgil's SEneid, Bk xii., 71.
Wha's ain dear lass, that he likes best, Comes clinkin down beside him.
Holy Fair: Poems, i. p. 27.
HAMPOLE. 1340.
BLIND HARRY. 1461.
WILLIAM DUNBAR. 1503$
GAWIN DOUGLAS.
BURNS. 1786$
1820.
J. P. MORRIS. 1867.
Yan o' Slaff sons gat wedt, an' hed a son of his aan.
Lonsdale Magazine, vol. ii. 90. Some said at it wos t' fellas they co'd
spekalaters 'at bowte up o r t' stuff, an' then selt it owt at the'r
up aan price. Invasion <?' U^sion,
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3732) (tudalen 003)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 3 ABACK, adv. back, behind, at the back of.
A.S. on-bac.
1350. Betere hit were douhtilyche to disen on or oune,
J>en wi)> schendschupe to schone and vs a-bak drawe. Joseph of
Arimathea, 495.
WICLIF. Jesus seith to hern I am, and Judas that betraide
1 3 S - him stood with hem, and whanne he seide to hem, I
am, thei wenten abak and felden doun on the erthe.
John xviii.
T 44$ Abacke, or backward. Retro, retrorsum.
Prompt. Parv.
COLL. USE. Just as aw coom up he wur hidin' aback o' th' hedge.
1875$$
ABACK- A-BEHEEND, ) sb. a place behind or out of the way; ABACK-A-BEHINT, J
used in the superlative sense.
COLL. USE. Wheer does he live? Eh! aw know no'; aback- a-beheend, wheer
nob'dy comes.
ABBER, conj. but. (See also EBBER.)
COLL. USE. Thae'll not goo, Jim, belike? Abber aw will, shuse
l8 75$ w hat thae says.
ABEAR, T. to endure, to tolerate. A.S. aberan.
COLL. USE. I conno' abear th' seet on't.
1875$$
ABIDE, v. to suffer, to endure, to tolerate. A.S. abidan, from bidan, to
wait. Icel. difta, to wait, endure, suffer. Goth, beidan. Swed. bida. Dan.
bie.
WEST-MID. DIALECT (Lane.) pen is better to abyde the bur vmbe-stoundes.
1360. Allit. Poems, c. 8.
SHAKSPERE. I. In the sense of endure:
I S9S- What fates impose, that men must needs abide.
It boots not to resist both wind and tide.
Third K. Henry VI., iv. 3, 58.
1598. 2. In the sense of tolerate:
I cannot abide swaggerers.
Second K. Henry IV., ii. 4, 1 18
COLL. USE. He wur soa ill he cudn't abide.
1875$$
ABOON, prep, above, over, more than. A.S. abufan; Icel. of an.
HAMPOLE. Bathe fra aboven and fra bynethe. P. of C., 612.
1340. CHAUCER. And specially aboven every thing
1370. ' Excited he the poepul in his preching.
Sompnotires Tale, 7.
CHEVY CHASE. ' Ther begane in Chyviat the hyls abone yerly on a Prob. after
1460. monnyn-day.
Chevy Chase (Ashmole MS. 48), 14.
BURNS. An honest man's aboon his might. Poems, iii. 53.
1786.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3733) (tudalen 004)
|
4 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
JOHN COLLIES. I'd naw gett'n forrud, back ogen, aboon a mile or
1750- so, ofore eh saigh [I saw] a parcel o' lads on hobble -tyhoys. Works,
p. 43.
WAUGH. Employer: Wheer hasto bin wortchin at?
J 87o. Ca? ter: I've druvven for Ovvd Copper Nob aboon nine
year. Sanchtfs Wallet, in the Sphinx, vol. iii. 90.
ACKER, v. to falter, to hesitate, to cough. Welsh achrethu, to tiemble or
quake: this would apply to the first meaning. Welsh hochi, to hawk, to throw
up phlegm, would apply to the last. Danish harke has the latter meaning.
COLL. USE, i. He ackers and haffles: he's lyin 7 .
1874.
2. He ackers and spits: he's done [if., exhausted].
ACKERSPRIT, sb. a potato with roots at both ends. The literal sense is a
land-sprout, which will equally apply to a turnip, mangel-wurzel, or any
other root. A.S. cecer, a field, land. Goth. akrs. A.S. sprit, a sprout Cf.
A.S. czcersprangas, saplings; from cecer and springan, to spring.
ADDLE, v. to earn. Icel. odlask, to acquire, to gain. The word was formerly
used in the sense of to grow, to increase. Thus Tusser, in his Husbandrie
(1573), wrote:
Where ivy embraces the tree very sore, Kill ivy, or else tree will addle no
more.
It's I coil plough, and I con sow, An' I con reap, an' I con mow, An' I con
to the market go, An' sell my daddy's corn and hay y An' addle my sixpence
ivvery day.
ffarland's B. and S. of Lane. ^ p. i&2. [The editor says the song, “Dick
o' Stanley Green,"
from which this verse is taken, is a great favourite
in North Lancashire.]
WAUOH". The old woman said her husband was “a grinder
l867 ' in a cardroom when they geet wed, an' he addled
about eight shillin' a week."
Home Life Lane. Factory Folk, p, 102.
AFEARD, ) /. adj. afraid, frighted, terrified. A.S. afce'ran, to AFEART T j
terrify, to frighten; from fcz'r, sb. fear, which from
fa'r, adj. sudden. The word is generally used in Lancashire
without the prefix, 2& fear d, fear t, q.v.
A.S. VERSION OF BIBLE. The clause "they were afraid,' T in Gen. xlii.
35,
995$ appears in the A,S. version as "hig wurdon ealle
afatede” i.e., "they all became afeard.^
HAMPOLH. For he es afered J?at he sal be peryst;
I 34$ And J>at drede til hym es a grete payn.
P. of C., 2943. CHAUCER. To be m his goode governaunce,
J 38' So wis he was, she was namore afered,
Troy his and Creseide } iii. 477.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3734) (tudalen 005)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 5
Nat astonned, nor in his hert affarde, But ful proudly leyde hond on his
swerde.
Storie of Thebes, ii. 1069. He from his wide devouring oven sent A flake of
fire, that flashing in his beard, Him all amaz'd, and almost made afeard.
F. Q., Bk. i. canto xi. stanza 26”
But tell me, Hal, art thou not horribly afeared?
I. Hen. IV. ii. 4. 4, 401..
And his lip should kissing teach, Till he cherish'd too much beard, And make
Love, or me afeard.
Undenvoods; Cel. of Charts, ix.
JDr. Johnson (1755) said the word afeard “is now obsolete: the last author
whom I have found using it is Sedley." He died about 1728 ]
DICKENS. "It's no reason, Arthur," said the old womaia
18571 bending over him to whisper, “that because I ana
afe.ared of my life of 'em, you should be."
Little Dorr it, p. 19, Household Eu.
LYDGATE. lAftet 1420.
SPENSER. J579$
SHAKESPERE. 1598.
BEN JONSON. 1620
COLL. USE. 1875$$
"Get on wi' thee, mon; what arto feard on? “““ Aw'm noan afeard on
thee."
AFORE, prep, before, at some previous time, earlier than, in front of. A.S.
onforan, which occurs in the Chronicle, anno 875. The A.S. also exhibits the
form cetforan, but a- commonly corresponds to the A.S. on-.
None is afore, or after other.
For of their comming well he wist afore.
F. Q., iii. 3, i $.
They him saluted, standing far afore.
F. Q., i. 10, 49.
If your diligence be not speedy, I shall be there afore you. King Lear, i. 5,
375.
ATHANASIAN CEEED. Trans, about 1549.
SPENSER. ^ I 579$
IBID.
SHAKESPERE. 1608.
RAMSBOTTOM. 1864.
WAUGH. 1870.
B. BRIERLEY. 1870.
WAUGH. 1874.
O' reawnd agen aw kiss mi brids, Afore hoo packs 'em off to bed.
Lancashire Rhymes, p. 13.
Aw've sin sich like as thee afore.
Besom Ben, c. 7, p. 88.
Aw sed afore, aw'd bin livin' for th' last fortnight like a feighter. Bundk o
1 Fents, i. p. 30.
Now, Sally, gan thi ways afore me, an' oppen t' door. Jannock, c. iii., p.
18.
AFTERINS, ) sb. that which is left; generally applied to the last
AFTHERINS, j milk from a cow.
COLL. USE. Jem, let owd Mally have a quart o' aftherins for a
l8 75$ custhert or two.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3735) (tudalen 006)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
AGATE, adv. and part, started, begun of, in hand, doing, continuing, teasing.
Icel. gata, road or way. Dan. gade.
1. On foot or in hand.
What have they agate at th' owd mill?
Besom Ben, c. i. 17.
2. Started; begun of.
“Well, are yo ready?"
"Ay, get agate," said Twitchel.
Ibid, c. iii., 34.
3. Doing.
Get forrard wi what thae'rt agate on just now r and dunnot be a foo! Ibid, c.
viii 94.
4. On the way.
Thae'rt olez agate o' makin' a bother abeawt nought. Ibid, c. ix. 105.
“S66. 5. Going on or continuing.
Thae connot stir while this rain's agate^ so say not a word. Owd Blanket, c.
iii. 61.
COLL. USE. 6. Teasing.
18751 Mother, aar Jem's agate on me again.
AGEN ) prep, against, in an opposite direction to. A.S. agen, AGAIN ) ongean;
IceLgegn; Dan. igjen; Swed. igen; Ger. gegen.
WILLIAM OF PALERMO. Ri^tly J>enne )>emj>erour wendes him euene till,
J 35o. )>e child comes him agayn & curtesliche him gretes.
William of Paler ne, 232.
EDWIN WAUGH. An' then, by guy, he's hardly wit enough to keep
l8 57$ fro runnin' again woles i'th dayleet.
Lane. Sketches, p. 28.
JOSEPH RAMSBOTTOM. An' o' thattens their little tongues ran; l86 4$ Bo sich
prattlin' o' went aqen th' grain.
Lancashire Rhymes, p 20.
AGEN, prep, contiguous, near to. A.S. ongean, towards.
COLL. USE. Agen th' heawse-eend wur a little cloof o' full o
l875 ' brids an' fleawrs.
AGG, v. to tease, to worry. May perhaps be referred to the Indo-European ak,
expressing sharpness; whence Lat. acutus; Icel. e%gja, to incite, provoke; E.
to egg on, edge. In this case the original sense is to prick, goad.
COLL. USE. 'A done wi' thi' Nan, thae'rt aulus aggirt at mi.
AIGREEN, sb. the house-leek. Dr. Johnson spells the word aygreen. In Mid.
English, ay-green would mean ever-green.
AIMT,/./. intended.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3736) (tudalen 007)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 7
WAUGH. Hoo'd ha made a rare wife for onybody 'at had
l866 - ony sense hoo would that! Aw'd aimt her doiii'
weel, and hoo met [might] ha done weel, too.
Owd Blanket, iii. 54.
AISTHER-% } ( Pr n “ f EaSter
COLL. USE. Well, mother, it's Aister Sunday t'morn; yo'n
l8 75$ niak us some Aisther-bo's aw reckon.
AKRAN, sb. an acorn; also called hatchorn. Goth, akran meants fruit in
general, from akr, cultivated land. In the cognate tongues it became limited
to the fruit of the oak. Icel. akarn; Dan. agern; A.S. czcorn; Ger. acker n.
ALD, | (North Lane.) adj. old. A.S. eald. The Mid, South, and A AD, j East
Lane, form is owd.
HAMPOLE. He prayses aid men and haldes ]>am wyse.
'340. P.O/C., 794.
BURNS. 'Twas in that place o' Scotland's isle,
J 78o. That bears the name of Auld King Coil.
Twa Dogs: Poems i. p. I.
J. P. MORRIS. As ald Dryden ^^ j t wos i very t hi ng be torns,
but nowt lang. “T Lebby Beck Dobby, 4.
AITHER (North Lane.), adj. con. and pron. either. The South and East
Lancashire form is oather. There can be little doubt that aigther, ayther,
was the original pronunciation of either. A.S. (Kgthtr.
HAMPOLE. pat ayther hand may chaung sone.
'340- P. of C\ 1274.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) By trw recorde of aytyr prophete.
About 1360. Allit. Poems, A. 830.
Sir T. MALLORY. And seyne salle 36 offyre, aythyre, aftyre o]>er.
I 4 8 5$ M&rte Arthur e^ 939.
About 1500. On ather part, and is assemblit so.
Lancelot of the Laik, 2629. AJEE, adv. in a flutter.
WAUGH. An' when aw meet wi' my bonny lass,
It sets my heart ajee.
. ' Lane. Songs: Sweetheart Gate.
f AJEE, adj. partly open, awry, oblique.
COLL. USE. Tint dur j its ajee.
1875$$
ALE-POSSET, sb. warm milk and beer sweetened. '
WAUGH. There's some nice bacon-collops o'th hob,
l8 49$ An a quart o' ale-posset i'th oon.
Songs: Come Whoam to thi Childer.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3737) (tudalen 008)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
ALE-SCORE, sb. a debt at the alehouse. A score was originally a stick or
piece of wood with notches cut in it (from A.S. scyran, to shear or cut),
used in keeping count. When a certain number had been notched, the stick was
cut, and called a tally (French faille, cut off). The tally varied from 10 to
100 notches; but, in reckonings, twenty was the usual number. Hence, the
score became synonymous with the recorded debt of so many pints of ale drunk.
When chalk marks were substituted for the notches on the tally, each mark
indicated a notch, and a line drawn diagonally made a tally, two tallies
making a score.
SHAKESPERE. Jack Cade: There shall bee no mony j all shall
I5 94$ eate and drinke on my score.
Second King Hen. Sixth, iv. 2, 78. 1598. Score a pint of bastard in the Halfe
Moone.
First King Hen. Fourth, ii. 4^ 29.
COLL. USE. Hast paid thi alescore at th' Blue Bell yet?
1875$$
ALE-SHOT, sb. a reckoning at the alehouse. Icel. skot = (i) a shot; (2) a
scot, or contribution.
SHAKESPERE. Falstaffe: Though I could scape scof-free at London,
1598. I fear the shot heere; here's no scoring, but vpon the
pate. First King Hen. Fourth, v. 3, 30.
1598. Speed: He to the ale-house with you presently,
where, for one shot of five-pence, thou shalt have five thousand welcomes.
Two Gent, of Ver., ii. 5, 8.
1623. Posthumus: If I prove a good repast to the spec
tators, the dish payes the shot. Cyrnb., v. 4, 157.
COLL. USE. He's an aleshot at th' back o' th' door yon, th'
length o' my arm.
ALLUM, v. (Mid. Lane.) to beat.
COLL. USE. Well, Joe, what did th' master say to thi for playin'
l875 ' truant? O, he dudn't say varry mich, bod he allum W
me reet weel for it.
ALONG, ) conj. on account of, owing to, that by which something ALUNG, ) is
caused. A.S. gelans;, owing to. It is different from the ordinary along,
which is A.S. andlang. Chaucer uses long on, on account of. Shakespere has
long of (Cymb. v. 5. 27 1).
CHAUCER. On me is nought alonge thin yvel fare.
J 37o. Tr. and Cr., Bk. ii., 1000.
JOHN GOWER. But if it is along on me,
J 393' Of >at 56 vnauanced be.
Confessio Amantis, Sp. Ear. Eng. ii. -272, 55.
Sir WALTER SCOTT. My poor father! I knew it would come to this
l8 3 x> and all along of the accursed gold.
Fortunes of Nigel, c. xxiv.
COLL. USE. It wur o' alung o' thee that aw geet into this scrape.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3738) (tudalen 009)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 9
ALP, sb. a bullfinch. “Alpe, a bryde [bird], Ficcdula"; Prompt.
Parvulorum. See Way's note, which gives blood-olf as the Norfolk word for
bullfinch; whilst green-olf is the green grosbeak. In Icel. dipt or alft is
the common word for a swan. See alp in Ray's Gloss. (E. D. S.), p. 77$
About 1370. In many places wane nyghtyngales,
Alpes, fynches, and wodewales.
Rvmaunt of the Rose, 657.
AMACKLY, adv. in some form or fashion, partly so, a little in that way. A.S.
macian, to make; also, to act, conduct, bear oneself.
AMOON, prep, among. A.S. amang, from mengan, to mix.
WAUGH. Look heaw aw ruvven mi breeches amoon th' thorns.
Besom Ben, p. 57.
AM'DY, sb. anybody. One of those contractions which abound in the dialect: ex
gr. beleemy, believe me \ ot iddn, that you had; didney t did you 1 etc.
RAMSBOTTOM. Toime wur, if amdy dust ha worn
Sich things as neaw are worn by me, Ut folks ud sheawt wi jeers an' scorn.
Lane. Rhymes: Gooirf f Schoo, 88.
IBID. Aw'st twitch am'dy's nose ut looks croot.
Poacher Tom: Country Words, No. 17, p. 264.
AN, conj. if. Icel. en = than, if.
JOHN FORD. Qril: Fool, fool, fool! catch me an thou canst.
Phi: Expel him the house; 'tis a dunce.
Lover's Melancholy, act iii. sc. I.
BEN JONSON. Nay an thou dalliest, then I am thy foe,
l6oi> And fear shall force what friendship cannot win.
Poetaster.
COLL. USE. Aw'll warm thee, an thae does it.
1875$$
AN', conj. and. A.S. and; High Ger. und; Dutch, en.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. Thys King Knout was tuenty ger King of Engelond, 1298.
An in a thousend ger of grace and thyrtty, ych
vnderstonde, An syxe he deyde at Ssaftesbury. p. 324.
BURNS. Q ur L a i r( i g e t s i n his racked rents,
His coals, his kain, an' a' his stents.
Twa Dogs,
RAMSBOTTOM. AW find a wuld o' pleasant things
18641 Come creawdin' reawnd sometimes, aw'msure;
An some ut God's denied to kings, An's gan i' plenty unto th' poor. .
Lancashire Rhymes, p. 12
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3739) (tudalen 010)
|
10 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
ANCIENTRY, sb. old things, antiquities. Lat. ante. Prov. antes. It. anzi, before;
whence anziano. Fr. ancien, ancient, belonging to former times. Wedgwood.
SHAKESPESE. Wooing, wedding, and repenting, is as a Scotch
l6oo> jigg e a measure, and a cinque-pace: the first suite is
hot and hasty like a Scotch jigge (and full as fantasticall), the wedding
manerly modest (as a measure, full of state and aunchentry], and then comes
repentance, and with his bad legs falls into the cinque-pace faster and
faster, till he sinkes into his grane.
Much Ado, ii. I, 76.
FULLER. Samuel Ward was born at Bishop's Middleham, in
l66 “ this county; his father being a gentleman of more
ancientry than estate. Worthies: of Durham.
V/AUGH. Eawr Charley eh, there connot be
l8 7 J - Another pate like his;
It's o' cromfull o' ancientry, An' Roman haw-pennies!
Lane. Swigs: Eawr Folk.
ANCLEJACK, sb. a heavy shoe tied round the ancle. Jack is employed in a
variety of senses for anything rough or homely: Jack-et, Jack-boots,
Jack-plane, Black-jack, etc. Jack-boots come up the thigh; Ancle-jacks only
over the ancle.
WAUGH. His feet were sheathed in a pair of clinkered ancle- l86 5$ jacks, as
heavy, and nearly as hard, as iron.
Besom Ben, c. i., p. 6.
ANCLEF, sb. ancle. A.S. ancleow; Flemish, enkel Ger. enkel. SE ' Yore J ack '
s knockt his <:/</ out wi' jumpin'.
ANENST (Fylde and N. Lane.), prep, opposite to. A corrupted form of Mid. E.
ageines or on-yeines against; due to confusion with anent, which is a quite
different word, from A.S. on-emn. So also M.E. amonges is now amongst.
BEN JONSON. And right aninst him a dog snarling.
l6l - Alchemist, act ii.
COLL. USB. We come to anemt thidder. We stopt aneust tli'
l8 75$ yate.
ANGER, v. to vex, to irritate. Angry (adj.) is ap'plied to an inflamed sore.
Cf. A,S, ange, trouble, vexation; from same root as Lat. angor, anxius.
S. GOSSON. Or as curst sores with often touching
I5?9$ Waxe angry, and run the longer.
Schoole of Abuse, p. 21.
BKAKKSPBRB. 'lago: Do you finde some occasion to anger Cassio,
either by speaking too loud, or tainting his discipline.
Othello, ii. sc. i.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3740) (tudalen 011)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. II
POPK, It angered Turenne, once upon a day,
“7& To see a footman kick'd, that took his pay:
But when he heard th'affront the fellow gave, Knew one a man of honour, one a
knave, The prudent general turn'd it to a jest, And begg'd he'd take the
pains to kick the rest.
Epilogue to Satires, ii., Aldine Ed., Vol. in., p. 115.
COLL. USE. Yon lad's foot gets no betther; he's bin walk in'
l8 75$ this mornin', an his stockin' mun 'a angert it.
ANGS (North Lane.) sb. the beard of coarse barley.
ANGUISHOUS, adj. sorrowful, in pain. Fr. angoisse; Old Fr. angoisseux. See ANGER.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. Kyng Arture was anguysous in his companye
"9 8 - That the luther tray tor adde of scaped hym so tuye
[twice]. Chronicle, p. 222.
About 1370. But I wille that thou knowe hym now
Gynning and eende, sith that thou Art so anguisshous and mate Diffigured oute
of a-state Ther may no wreeche have more of woo, Ne caityfe noon enduren soo.
Rom. of the Rose, 4672.
CHAUCER. Fortherover, contricioun schulde be wounder
J 3 8 ' Sorwful and anguissheous.
Persones Tale, iii. 16, p. 284. JOHN LYDGATE. But anguysshous, and ful of
bysy peyne,
He rode hym forth. Storie of Thebes, pt. ii, 1. 1217.
COLL. USB. He lookt quite anguishous, an aw felt sorry for him.
1875.
ANOTHER-GATES, adv. another kind, a different sort. Low Ger. gat is applied,
like way, not only to a road, but to manner, kind, sort.
BUTLEK. When Hudibras, about to enter
l66 3 Upon anothergates adventure,
To Ralpho call'd aloud to arm Not dreaming of approaching storm.
Hudibras, pt. i., canto 3, 1. 427.
ANOYOUS, \ adj. provoking, teasing, annoying, unpleasant. From ANOYFUL, ) E.
annoy; etym. doubtful.
CHAUCER. Alle taryinge is anoyful.
'3 80 ' The Tale o/Melibeus, Aid. Ed. iii., 144, 25.
CHAUCER. Right so farith it som tyme of deedly synne, and of
1370- amyous venial synnes, whan thay multiplien in a
man. The Persones Tale, iii. 291, 18.
COLL. USB. Yo're varra anoyous; give oer.
1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3741) (tudalen 012)
|
12 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
APPERN, sb. an apron. Old Fr. naperon, properly the intensitive of nappe, a
table cloth. In ^Elfric's Dialogues (tenth century) we find A.S. barm-clctth
. (an apron) explained by Lat. mappula. In the Promptorium Parvulorum (1440)
we have barmclothe or naprun explained by Lat. limus, which signifies an
apron in the modern sense.
B. BRIERLKY. “Poo thi appern off, Pinclier." Pincher took off
l86 7$ his apron, which was a white linen one, such as were
mostly worn by handle om weavers.
Mar locks of Meriton, 26.
COLL. USE. He's teed to his mam's appern -string.
1875$$
AREAWT, prep, out of doors, outside.
JOHN COLLIER. I'r no sooner areawt boh a threave o' rabblement
1750. wur watchin on meh at t' dur. Works, 58.
BAMFORD. And why comes a gentleman riding alone?
l820 - And why doth he wander areawt such a night.
Homely Rhymes: The Wild Rider. RAMSBOTTOM. Theaw God above, alone to-day
l864 ' Areawt i'th' broad, green fields aw've come,
Aw want a twothri words to say, Aw shouldno like to say awhoam.
Lane. Rhymes: Prtawd Twri's Prayer, 59.
WA'JGH. Whatever art doin' areawt sich a day as this?
l868< Owd Bl., c. iii., p. 52.
ARK, sb. a press to keep clothes in; a large chest for holding meal or flour.
About Olclham and Hollinwood ark is a repository. The country
"badger" (q. v.) or provision-dealer will say malt-ark, flour-ark,
meal-ark, and so on. A.S. arc, earc y a coffer, chest, vessel.
A.S. TRANS. BIBLB. O<f thone dseg the Noe on earce code. [Until the
“5> day that Noah entered into the ark.] Luke xvii. 27.
TYNDALE. Arke, a cofer or chest, as our shrines, saue it was
15284 flatte, and the sample of ours was taken thereof.
Workes, p. ii.
EARL OF SURREY. In the rich ark Dan Homer's rhymes he placed
1 S57$ Who feigned gests of heathen princes sung.
Sonnets: Praise of Psalms of David, 4. SPENSER. Then first of all came forth
Sir Satyrane,
1S7 9” Bearing that precious relicke in an arke
Of gold. F. Q., Bk. iv., c. 4, 15.
BIBLB. An ark of bulrushes. Exodus ii. 3.
1610.
JOHN HIGSON. The domestic arrangements [of the farmhouses] in- 1 52 ' eluded
flour and meal coffers, apple arks, oatmeal
fleak, etc. Gorton Historical Recorder, p. 12.
IBID ' She had secreted a small quantity of tea in her
meal ark. Ibid, p. 14.
COLL. USE. Go an treyd t' meyl into th' ark.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3742) (tudalen 013)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 13
ARLES, sb. money paid to bind to bind a bargain; earnest money, paid to
servants on hiring. Sometimes called God's penny. Gael, arias, earnest-money;
Welsh, artes, a gift, benefit, advantage.
About 1750. Aries were low an' makin's were naethin' man,
Lord! how Donald is flytin' an' frettin' man.
Donald Macgillivray: Hogg's Jacobite Relics.
ARN-LOIN (Cliviger), sb. straightened circumstances.
JAMES STANDING. Wen missed th' way tofortun: what! this is th' 'arnloin,
l8 7$ Wheer Jone-o'-Tums says a chap's hard to work,
An a woman's to toil and slave like a Turk.
Echoes from a Lancashire Vale, p 13.
ARR, v. to snarl. Hence ft was called the dog's letter; Rom. and JuL, ii. 4.,
222.
SIR THOMAS NORTH. A dog is, by nature, fell and quarrelsome, given to
J 579$ arre and war upon a very small occasion.
Trans, of Plutarch's Morals, p. 726.
COLL. USE. Co' that dog in, dost no' see how it keeps arrin 1 at
I8 75$ yon felly?
ARR, sb. a scar, a mark, a rough seam, a wart. ARR'D, v. marked with scars;
as “pock-arr'd," marked with smallpox. Dan. ar; Icel. arr, orr; Sw. arr;
N. Fris. aar, a scar, cicatrix, seam.
COLL. USE. He wur arr'd o' ower wit' smo-pox.
“ 1875$$
ARRAN, ]
ARRANT, \ sb. an errand. A.S. cerend, a message, tidings.
ARNT, J
ANGLO-SAXON BIBLE. da hatedon hine his leode, and sendon cerexd-ra.ca.n
995$ sefter him. [But his citizens hated him, and sent
messengers after him.] Luke xix. 14.
1440. Ernde, negocium, nuncium. Prompt. Parv.
JOHN COLLIER. Neaw meh mind misgives meh ot yoar'n gooin a
I75 - sleeveless arnt. Works, p. 42.
RAMSBOTTOM.” Som'dy sent Will an arnt th' tother day,
l864 “ An' they gan him a cake to bring whoam;
So he shar'd eawt wi Nanny and Bob, An' a bit he put bye for eawr Tom.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 18.
WAUGH. Theyn keep 'em scrubbin floors, an' runnin arrans,
l86 7$ an' swillin, an' scutterin up an' deavvn stairs.
O-wd Bl., c. iii., 71.
ARRANT, } adj. downright, thorough. Applied to a rogue, vaga- ARREN, 1 bond,
or fool.
SIR P SIDNEY. Country folk, who hallooed and hooted after me,
J 5 8 ' as at the arrantest coward that ever showed his
shoulders to the enemy.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3743) (tudalen 014)
|
14 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
POPF. Know, there are rhymes, which, fresh and fresh apply'd,
“737' Will cure the arranfst puppy of his pride.
Horace, b. I, Epist. I, Aldine Ed., p. 42.
JOHN COLLIER. For then it wou'd be os plene [plain] as Blackstone- 1750- Edge
ot team [they were] mayin [making] o arron
gawby on meh. Works, p. 58.
COLL. USE. He's an arran? thief, and as big a rogue.
1875$$
ARRONLY, adv. exceedingly.
JOHN COLLIER. I're arronly moydert [I was completely bewildered].
!7So. Works, p. 58.
ARTO, v. pron. art thou 1 Mid. E. artow, from A.S. cart ]>u.
NORTHUMB. DIALECT. Mi leser [deliverer] artou, night and dai, Before 1300. p
ra m i f aes ben wrathful ai.
Metrical English Psalter, ps- xvii., 1. 121. CHAUCER. < Artow than a
bayely? “Ye,” quod he.
He durste not for verray filth and schame Sayn that he was a sompnour, for
the name.
Freres Tale, 1. 94.
BAMFORD. I stoode beside Tim Bobbin' grave,
l86 4$ 'At looks o'er Ratchda' teawn;
An' th' owd lad 'woke within his yerth An' sed, “Wheer artf beawn?"
Homely Rhymes, p. 80.
WAUGH. “Nea then," replied Tim, “what aito doin' snoorin
1867. i'bed at this time o'th day? “Owd Bf”, p. 14.
' art thou not “ A<S> eart ^ nd “
WAUGH. Aw think thae'rt a bit thrutch't i' thi mind this
l86 7$ morning abeawt summat, artn'to^
ARVAL (N. and Mid. Lane.) sb. a funeral feast. Probably from arf-ale,
inheritance- ale, or feast made by an heir on coming into property. Cf. Icel.
arfr.; A.S. yrfe, an inheritance.
That arval which Thorward and Thord held in honour of their father, was the
most famous ever known in Ireland. Landnamabok, iii. c. 10.
ARVAL-BREAD, sb. cakes used at a funeral.
ASHELT, adv. probably, likely; also, easily. Cf. Icel. hcldr, rather; which
is Mceso-Goth. haldis, rather; connected with Goth, hulths, favourable; M.E.
hold, favourable - M.E. as hold, i. e. as favourably, as soon.
JOHN COLLIER. Boh eh thowt eh could ashelt sell hur eh this tother
pleck. [But I thought I could probably sell her in this other place.] Works,
p. 49.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3744) (tudalen 015)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 15
ASIDE, prep, beside.
COLL. USE. Eawr Mally stoode aside on me while th' rushcart
18751 were gooin' by.
ASK, adj. hard, dry. Icel. heskr, hastr, harsh.
COLL. USE. x . it's an ask wind this mornin.
2. This ale has an asky taste.
ASKE, I sb. a water-newt, a lizard; //. askerds. Gael, asc, an ASKER, )
adder, a snake, A.S. ctyext, newt, salamander.
About 1330. Snakes and nederes thar he fand,
And gret blac tades gangand, And arskes, and other wormes felle.
Eng. Met. Homilies: Sp. E. Eng. t p. 95, 1. 177.
COLL. USE. He went a-fishin' an' cowt nowt nobbut askerds.
1875.
ASSAL-TOOTH, (N. and E. Lane.) sb. a molar tooth. Icel. jaxl, a molar tooth.
COLL. USE, Some co'n em wang an others assat-teeth.
ASS, sb. ashes from coal. Ess, in South-East Lane.; Ass, in North-East Lane.
A.S. cesce, ashes.
COLL. USE. Now, wench, get that ass up and mop th' harston.
ASSCAT, sb. a child who plays near or in the ashes; a term of contempt
applied to lazy persons who hang habitually over the fire. A.S. cesce, ashes.
ASTITE, adv. as soon; as quick; by-and-by. Icel. tffir, frequent; neut. titt
(used as adv.) soon; Sw. tidt, soon.
HAMPOLE. For a best, when it es born, may ga
1340. Als-tite aftir, and rin to and fra. P. of C., 470.
WEST. MID. DIAL. (Lane.). Bot per on-com a bote as-tyt.
J 36o. . E n g, Allit. Poems, A. 1. 644.
IBID. And J>ay token hit as-tyt and tented hit lyttel.
Ibid, B. 1. 935.
COLL. USE. I can go astite as him.
1875$$
ASTO, vb. pron. hast thou? Mid. E. hastow, hast thou?
COLL. USE. Why, Jim, thae's never browt o' that lumber wi'
I8 75$ thi' asto?
ASWINT, adj. crooked, oblique. Dutch, schuin, oblique, sloping.
COLL. USE. He geet it aswint, an cudna set it straight hissel,
1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3745) (tudalen 016)
|
1 6 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
ATAFTER, prep, after.
CHAUCER. At afttr souper [supper] felle they in trete [treaty].
I 34$ Frankeleynes Tale, 1. 483.
WAUGH. JJe gave another glance at the window, and said,
'“ Ay; it is a bonny neet, for sure, at-after this storm." Sneck-bant,
p. 14.
ATHATNS (S. Lane.), | d . h
ATHATNESS (Mid Lane.), ] a
RAMSBOTTOM. An' o'thattens their little tongues ran;
18641 Bo sich prattlin' o' went agen th' grain.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 20.
ATHIS'NS (S. Lane.), 1 , . ., .
ATHISNESS (Mid Lane.), } adv ' m thls wa ^
COLLIER. Let's stick toth' tone tother's hond then. Athiss'n
I75 ' we went into th' leath. [Let us stick to one another's
hand then. In this way we went into the barn.]
Works, p. 71.
COLL USE. Th' owd felly kept waggin' his yed, th' fust a-this^ns
an' then a-that'ns.
ATOP, prep, on the top.
WAUGH. Aw're so mad at him, 'at aw up wi' th' rollin'-pin,
1 7< an aw took him straight a-top o' th' yed wi't sich a
cleawt! Owd BL c. iii., p. 65.
ATTER, sb. poison, filth, corrupt matter issuing from a wound, A.S. ater,
atter, poison.
LANGLAND. Alle ]>e o]>er J>er it lyth [enuenymej>] )>orgh his
attere.
Piers Plowman, Bk. xii., 256. I43 “ I may drede at my departyng
J>at it wole be attir and ille.
Hymns to the Virgin and Christ, p. 24$62.
1440. Attyr, fylthe, sanies. A. Sax. after, venenum.
This sore is full of matter, or atter; pur ulen turn.
Prompt. Parv.
GASKELL. Lancashire people often call a bad, irritating tem- l8 54$ per, an
atter n -temper, poisoned or poisoning temper
Lect. Lane. Dial. p. 30.
COLL. USE. He's fair attert wi' dirt.
1875$$
ATTERCOP, sb. a spider. A.S. atter-coppa, a venomous insect, a spider.
WYCLIF. The eiren [eggs] of edderes thei to-breeken, and
I 3 8 o- the webbis of an attercop thei wouen.
Isaiah lix. 5.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3746) (tudalen 017)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. IJ
See a curious tale of the effect of the venom of the atturcoppe at
Shrewsbury, in the preface to Langtoft's Chron. Hearne, i. p. cc. In
Trevisa's version of the Polychronicon, it is said that in Ireland ' ' there
ben attercoppes (bloode-soukers) and eeftes that doon none harme.'' Prompt.
Parv. pp. t6 & 17.
COLL. USE. Th' wimmen lace thersels up so, they look like
1875. attcrcops.
ATTERCOB, sb. a spider's web.
COLL. USE. Th' blackberries wur o covered wi attercobs.
1875$$
ATTERING, adj. venomous. See ATTER. ATWEEN, prep, between.
SPENSER. ^ n( j t ^ en a tweene her lilly handes twaine
Into his wound the juice thereof did scruze
F. Q., iii.,c. v, st. 33.
ATWIXT, prep, between.
Before 1370. Grete love was atwixe hem two.
Bothe were they faire and bright of hewe.
Rom. of Rose, 854.
SPENSER. And with outrageous strokes did him restraine,
1579. ' And with his body bard the way atwixt them twaine.
F. Q., i. c. viii., st. 13.
COLL. USE. He geet atwixt t' wheels.
1875.
AUMRY, ) (N. Lane.), sb. a pantry or cupboard. See awmebry AUMBRY, \ in
Prompt. Parv. Properly - Low Lat. a/marium, = Lat. armarium; but, as P. P.
shows, mixed up with elemosinarium.
WILLIAM MORRIS. But she across the slippery floors did go
18681 Unto the other wall, wherein was built
A little aumbrye. Jason t p. 152.
WAUGH. We'n tarts, an' cheese, an' a cowd saddle o' mutton
l8 7” i' t' aumry yon, at's never bin cut intill.
Jannock, ii. p. 13.
AVYSE, sb. advice, counsel. Fr. avis, from Low Latin, advisum, advisare,
equivalent to an interview face to face, ad-visum.
CHAUCER. Ye have erred also, for it semeth that yow sufficeth
I37 “ to have been counseiled by these counseilours only,
and with litel avys. Tale of Melibeus, Hi., 161, 1 8.
SPENSRR. But I with better reason him avidd.
F. Q., iv. c. viii., st. 58.
COLL. USE. I offered him avysc, and he wodn't hev it.
1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3747) (tudalen 018)
|
1 8 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
AW, pron. I.
WAUG”. "Aw live a bit aboon Whi'toth," replied Ben,
l865 - “up Lobden gate on, at a plaze they co'n ' Th'
Ricklin's.' “Besom Ben, p 88
WAUGH. He knocked with his empty pot upon the table, and
said, “Aw think aw'Vi have another."
Dulesgate, p. 18.
AWF, sb. an elf, an idiot, a changeling. A.S. (Elf, elf; Icel. dlfr; Dan.
alf; Flem. elf, alf.
SHAKESPERB. We'll dresse
Like vrchins, ouphes, and fairies, greene and white. Merry Wives, iv. 4, 48.
JOHN COLLIEK. What an awfwa.r I to pretend rime weh yo.
J 75o. Eawther an His Buk: Works, p. xxxvi.
AWHOAM, prep, and sb. at home.
WAUGH. So, we'n bide one another, whatever may come;
l859 ' For there's no peace i'th world iv there's no peace
awhoam. Lane. Songs: Jamie's Frolic.
AWMAKS, pron. and sb. Pronun. of all makes. All sorts or kinds.
COLL. USE. He sells childer's stuff an' awmaks o' things.
1875$$
AWSE, v. to offer, to attempt. See also Oss.
WAUGH. A mon 'at plays a fiddle weel,
l8 S9$ Should never awse to dee.
Lane. Songs: Eawr Folk
WAUGH. Come, owd dog, awse to shap.
!865. Besom Ben, c. iv. p. 42.
JOHN HIGSON. Aw shackert un' waytud till ten,
l866 - Bu' Meary ne'er awst to com eawt.
HarlancPs Lancashire Lyrics, p. 187.
AWST, pron. and v. I shall. Sin. Plu.
First Person . . . Aw'st We'st
Second Person . . Thea'st Yo'st
Third Person . . . He'st They'st
WAUGH. "Do you ever think of delving the ground up,'
l8 57$ said I. "Delve! nawe," answered he; '"aw'st delve
noan theer." Lane. Sketches: Grave oj Grislehurst Boggart, 208.
COLL. USE. Aw"“st draw mi brass t'morn, an then thea'st have a
l875 ' new cwot.
AWTS, sb. refuse of hay; left meat; fragments. Probably Lancashire
pronunciation of arts. See orts in Wedgwood.
JOHN COLLIER. So away we went, an begun o' cromming o' th'
I75 - leawphoyles [loop-holes] an' th' slifters i'th' leath
woughs full o' awts. Works, p. 44.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3748) (tudalen 019)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARYe
AWVISH, adj. queer; naughty. AWVISHLY, adv. awkwardly.
See AWF, ante.
COLLIER. 1750.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
When he coom in ogen, he glooart awvishly at Mezzil fease [= When he came in
again, he stared queerly at Mezzil-face]. Works, p. 53.
Keep out of his road aw tell thi, he's an a-wvish, nowty felly.
AX, | v. to ask. A.S. dsdan, acsian, to ask, inquire, demand. ASH, ) The A.S.
verb is spelt indifferently ascian, acsigan, ahsian, or axian.
Gawan asshes, Is hit soe? p. 69.
Then, as I thowt he tawkt so awkertly, I'd ash him for th' wonst whot uncoths
[news] he heard sturrin. Works, 5 1 .
Curridge, meh lads, ween goo an' see't, It isno' dark, for th' moon gi's
leet; Iv't be a Ludd, ween at him smash, Iv boggart, aw'll some questions
ash.
Poems, p. 164. Then ax thisel if thea should fret,
When thea's laid by two hundhret peawnd.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 41.
Scratching his head, and looking thoughtfully among the houses, he said,
“Scowfil?" [z.<?..pron. of Scholefield.] Aw know no Scowfils, but
thoose at th' Tim Bobbin aleheawse; yodd'n better ash theer."
Lane Sk.: Cot! age of Tim Bobbin, c. iii., p. 53.
Well, go thee in an' ax him then, as thae'rt so cliver! Besom Ben, p. 58.
E. ENG. MET. ROMANCES. Ab. 1400.
COLLIER.
1750-
BAMFORD. 1864.
RAMSBOTTOM. 1864.
WAUGH. 1857$
WAUGH. 1865.
AXED (S. and E. Lane.), ASHT (ditto)
AISHT (Furness),
v. pt. t. asked. See Ax.
A.S. TRANS. GOSPELS. 995$
WYCLIF.
1380.
CHAUCER. 1380.
THOMAS OCCLEVE. About 1420.
JOHN COLLIER. 1750.
IBID.
And he on wege his leorning-cnihtas ahsode [other copies acsode, axode,
axsode], Hwaet secgaj) men f aet ic sy?=And he in the way his
learning-knights [disciples] axed, What say men that I am?
Mark viii. 27. He axide his disciplis. Mark viii. 27.
And to her housbond bad hir for to seye,
If that he axed after Nicholas,
Sche schulde seye, sche wiste nat wher he was.
Milleres Tale, 1. 226. Alle that they 0;m/haden they redy.
De Regimine Principum, st. 600.
Then I asht him what way eh munt gooa.
Works, p. 47.
Justice axt meh whot eh wantut. Works, p. 48.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3749) (tudalen 020)
|
2O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY,
WAUGH. My cheek went as red as a rose j
l8 59 There's never a mortal can tell
Heaw happy aw felt; for, thea knows, One couldn't ha axed him theirsel'.
Lane. &ongs: Dule's i" 1 this Bonnet.
RAMSBOTTOM. “Eh, Jim," hoo said, “this lass ull dee,
l86 +- An' thea's ne'er once e'er ax'd to see't."
Lane. Rhymes, p. 38.
AXEN (S.-E. Lane.}, \ v. prcs. t. ask. Used in Lancashire in ASHEN (N.-E.
Lane.), j the plural.
CHAUCER. But shortly, lest this tales sothe were,
J 39$ She dorst at no night axen it for feere.
Troylus and C., Bk. iv., 643,
COLL. USE. Yo're noan shaumefaced; yo axen [or ashen] for
1875$ anoof.
AXINS, sb. askings, applied to marriage banns.
WAUGH. “Eh, Dick, whatever mun I do if my faither finds- l8 75$ this
out?" “Thou mun do as I towd tho, an' let me
put th' axins up. Mon, th' owd chap '11 come to, if we getten wed." Old
Cronies, iv. p. 43.
COLL. USE. Well, thae'rt for bein' wed at th' lung length; aw
l8 75$ yer thae's getten th' axins in.
AYLA (Fylde), 1 adj. shy, backward, shamefaced. John Ray,
AYLO (S. E. Lane.), ) in his glossary of North Country words (1691) has
“Hdoe, or Helaw, bashful;" and Ralph Thoresby, in the list of Yorkshire
words (presumably from the neighbourhood of Leeds), sent to Ray in 1703,
gives “Hala, bashful, nicely modest." (See E. D. S. Reprinted
Glossaries, Part III.) See also "Hala, bashful," in the Rev. W.
Thornber's "Glossary of old words used in the Fylde;" History of
Blackpool, p. 108.
WAUGH. There's some fresh-poo'd sallet theer, an' some
I& 74$ cowd beef, an' some cheese so reitch to, an' dunnot
be ailo, for I'm nobbut a poor hond at laithin' (inviting). Chimney Corner:
Manch. Critic, July 24, 1874.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3750) (tudalen 021)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 21
B.
BABS, sb. pi. pictures; chiefly pictures in a book. The word is another form
of “babes," and it is almost solely used in talk to very little
children; as, “There's a bab o'er lev" ( = there's a baby, or, a
picture, over the leaf). Again, in Waugh's “Come whoam to thi Childer an'
Me," “I've a book full o' babs" means “I've a book full of
pictures." Compare the expression babies in the eyes, explained by
Nares, where baby means the small image or picture of oneself, as seen in the
eye of another person.
WAUGH. Aw've a drum an 1 a trumpet for Dick;
l8 59$ Aw've a yard o' blue ribbon for Sal;
Aw've a book full o' babs; an' a stick An' some 'bacco an' pipes for mysel.
Lane. Songs: Come Whoam to thi Childer.
BACKBOTE,//. t. of backbite. See BOTE.
WAUGH, They natter't, an' braw'lt, an' lackbote; and played
l86 5$ one another o' maks o' ill-contrive't tricks.
Barrel Organ, p. 15”
BACKEND, ' sb. the latter part of the year. Also applied occasionally to the
after part of any period, as a week or a month.
J. P. MORRIS. I'se ga&n ta leeav mS spot [situation] this back-end.
Fiirness Glossary, p. 6.
WAUGH. "Aw say, Dan," said Ben, addressing the old
fiddler, "thae'll remember that greight wynt-storm 'at happen't i'th'
last back-end."
Yeth-Bobs and Scaplins, c. iii., p 45.
BACKSET, sb. something to fall back upon; a support or supporter.
COLL. USE. i. Hoo's noan so badly off; hoo's a bit ov a back- l8 7S- se t i'
th Bank.
2. Feight him, Jim; aWll bi thi backset.
BACKSIDE, sb. the court-yard or ground at the back of a house.
COLL. USE. He used t' sit smookin' of a neet at th' backside,
among his bits o' posies.
BADGER, sb. the keeper of a small provision shop; also, in North Lane., a
travelling dealer in butter, eggs, etc. “There can be little doubt,"
says Mr. Wedgwood, "that E. badger, whether in the sense of a
corn-dealer or of the quadruped, is directly descended from the Fr. bladier,
a corn-dealer."
WAUGH. Eawr Alick keeps a badger's shop.
Lane. Songs: Eawr Folk.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3751) (tudalen 022)
|
22 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
RAMSBOTTOM. For th' badgers soon began to show
l86 4$ They knew they'd weary toimes to pass;
They manisht t' let us wortchers know They'd nobbut sell for ready brass.
. Lane. Rkvmes: Takiii 1 Stock, p. 46.
BADLY, adj. unwell, sickly.
COLL. USE. “Heaw's Ailse?"
l8 7S- “Badly, badly; hoo's noan lung for this world."
BAG, sb. a discharge from employment. Cf. “to get the sack"
WAUGH. “He geet th' bag for that," said Ben. “Sarve
l8 7$ him reet," replied the fiddler. "But he never wur
very breet." Yeth Bobs, c. i., p. 26.
IBID Here: I'll ha' this job settle't afore thou comes out
18751 o' that seek [sack]. I've gan thee th' bag mony a
time, but thou's taen it thisel' at last.
Old Cronies, c. iv., p. 48.
BAG, v. to discharge from work.
COLL. USE. He'll bag thi, as sure as thae'r wick, if thae comes
l8 7S- late again.
BAGGIN', sb. an afternoon meal, originally carried in a bag.
COLLIER. Meh deme's gon fro whoam, an hoo'll naw cum
I75 ' agen till &zg7'-time. Works, p. 41.
BAMKORD. In the afternoon, oatcake and cheese, or butter, or
1850. oatcake and buttermilk, sufficed for bagging.
JLd. of Tim Bobbin: Intro, p. ix.
WAUGH. They [two weavers] had come out of their looms
l8 57$ to spend their “' &7g7'-time" in the open air, and
were humming one of their favourite songs.
Lane. Sketches, p. 51.
IBID - One day, as aw wur busy i'th kitchen, makin'
some cakes for th' bagging in comes Owd Plunge. Owd Blanket, c. iii., p. 64.
BAIGLE, sb. Pron. of beagle, the dog with which the hare is hunted. The word,
however, is much used figuratively, as in the common expression,
"Thae'rt a bonny baigle" where the phrase is applied to anybody who
is startlingly kenspeckle, or curious, or out of the ordinary way, in dress
or person.
WAUGH. “Well, thae'rt a bonny baigle, owd mon," said
l86s- Enoch, laughing.
“Baigle /" replied Twitchel; “feel at mo! Aw met ha' bin in a
traycle-tub!"
Besom Ben, c. v., p. 56.
BAIN (N. Lane.), adv. near, adjacent, convenient. Icel. beinn, direct; beint,
straight.
ANON. Yff ye wyll oghtte that we kanne doo,
About 1350. ye thar bot [need only] commande hus [us] thertoo,
And haffe your servandes beyn.
Sir Amadas, in Weber's Metrical Romances, iii. 264; 1. 512.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3752) (tudalen 023)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 23
1860. Bane ta Claapam town-end lived an aud Yorkshire
tike. Ball, and Songs of Yorkshire, p. 160.
A. C. GIBSON. On my objecting to quit the smoother and shorter
l868> road for the longer and rougher, he persisted, “It
may bee as yee say, beeath t' better an' t' bainer, bit nowte wad hire me to
teeak t' rooad ooer Oxenfell at this hour o' t' neet." Folk-Speech of
Cumberland: Ex. of Dialect of High Furness, Lancashire, p. 90.
BAK-BREDE, sb. a broad thin board, with a handle, used in riddling out the
dough of oatcakes before they are put on the spittle, and turned down on the
bak-stone. AS. bacan, to bake, and bred, a board.
BAKIN'-SPITTLE, \ sb. a peculiar shovel, made of wood, generally
BACK-SPITTLE, > shod with iron, used in baking oatcakes. Spittle is here a
diminutive of spade; see SPADE in Wedgwood.
B. BRIERLKY. An owd oak back-spittle he slung by his side.
x ^7” Marlocks of Merriton, p. 58$
WAUGH. Aw'm dampish abeawt th' legs wi' wadin' through
1868. th weet moor; but o' tother's as dry as a bakin 1 -spittle.
Sneck-Bant, c. i., p. 7. BAKSTER, sb. a baker.
WEST MID. DIALECT. Bochers, bladsmythis, baxters amonge.
About 1360. Gest Hy^toriale of Troy, 1. 1592. .
LANGLAND, Brewesteres and bakesteres, bocheres and cokes.
Piers Plowman, b. iii. 79$
BAKSTON, sb. a plate, stone, or slate for baking upon.
WAUGH. This oatcake is baked upon a peculiar kind of stone
1869. slab, called a back-stone, and the cry of “Havercake backstones"
is a familiar sound in Rochdale and the villages round it, at this day.
Lane. Sketches, p. 129.
BALDER (Burnley and Cliviger), v. to break stones on the road.
BALDERER, sb. a stonebreaker. See above.
BANDIN' \ ,
BANDT L a co or s ^ rm > a ^ so a De “k From A.S. bcena,
BANT, ' j a band”
WAUGH. “Howd fast, good bally-fan/ /" cried Ben, gazing
up and clasping his hands. “Howd fast! Iv thae gi's way, aw'm done for!”
Besom Ben, c. ii., p. 23.
COLL. USE. r Hast g etten a bit o' bandirf abeawt thi? Mi
shoon han comn unteed.
2. Si tho! yon horse's bally- &zafr wants tightenin'.
BANDY-CAD (Mid Lane.), ) sb. a game played with a nurr and
BANDY-GAD (S. E. Lane.), ) crooked stick; also called shinty.
Much the same as the hockey of the South of England. Bandy
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3753) (tudalen 024)
|
24 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
is to strike from side to side. See BANDY in Wedgwood. Cad is the same as cat
in the game of tip-cat; it simply means a cut bit of wood or fragment of
wood; cf. W. cat, a piece; cwtan, to cut. See CUT in Wedgwood.
R. COTGRAVE. "Bander, to bend a bow; . . . . also, to bandie,
l6iz “ at tennis." "Jouer & bander et racier contre, to
bandy against, at tennis; and, by metaphor, to pursue with all insolency,
rigour, extremity." French Diet.
BANDYHEWIT, sb. a sarcastic or contemptuous name for a dog. It means
bandy-houghed, crooked or bending in the houghs. Brockett has “heuk-bane, the
hucklebone."
COLLIER. I'd o' mind t' cheeot (God forgi' meh) on sell him
I 75o. meh sheep-cur for o bandy hewit: tho' I no moor
knew, in th' mou in th' moon, whot a bandyhewit wur. Works, p. 47.
BANG, v. to excel, to surpass. Icel. bang, a hammering; banga, to beat.
RIlSS is?IN ' We've banged the French, aye, out an out,
An duin the thing complete.
Climb. Ballads, First Series, p. 168.
COLL. USE. Well, that bangs o' 'at ever aw seed i' mi life.
1875.
BANGBEGGAR, sb. a name for a person who kept off noisy intruders during
church time. From bang, to beat.
WAUGH. Just then owd Pudge, th' bangbeggar, coom runnin'
18651 into th' pew, an' he fot Dick a souse at back o' th' yed
wi' his silver-nobbed pow. Barrel Organ, p. 29.
BANNOCK, ) sb. an oatmeal cake. Gael, bonnach,
BUNNOCK (Mid. Lane.), \ the same.
BURNS. Bannocks o' bear meal,
J 7 8 - Bannocks o' barley,
Here's to the Hielandman's Bannocks o' barley.
Songs: Bannocks o' Barley.
E. KIRK. Bunnock is a common term in North Lancashire
1 75$ for a small cake, the principal ingredients of which
are oatmeal and treacle. The cakes vary in size from two to four inches in
diameter, and are not, I think, identical with the Scotch bannock. Local
Notes and Queries, 692, M. Guardian, March 22.
BANSIL, ] v. to beat. Cf. Du. bons, a
BANSELL, I bounce, thump; bonzen, to
BENSIL (Goosnargh and Lonsdale), J thump. Cf. bang.
COLL. USE. Aw'll bansell thi hide for thi. if thae'rt not off.
1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3754) (tudalen 025)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BANT, sb. vigour, strength.
He're sure to gallop when he should ha' walked, an gel to th' end of his bant
in no time.
Red Windows Hall, c. xiv., p. 107.
He's good for nowt: there's no bant in him: he can noather eyt [eat] nor
wark.
B. BRIERLEY. 1867.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
BANT, v. to manage, to achieve, to conquer. As: “Conto bant it?" ( -
Canst thou achieve it?) “Conto bant him V\= Canst thou conquer him?)
WAUGH. They keepen tryin.' .... They keepen comin' to
z ^74$ th' edge of a scar, where they can see no fur [further],
an' then they hari to turn back, an' start again. It's my belief, owd lad,
'at they'n never bant it.
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, March 7, 1874. IsID - “Nay," cried
Craddy; “I've done very weel! I
l7S “ couldn't bant another smite!”
Owd Cronies, c. iii. p. 36.
BANYAN -DAY, sb. the day when the week's odds-and-ends are eaten up. At
Goosnargh, pronounced Banny-ann-day.
Jack Mooring, a Trafalgar man, age 93. “On the important question of
victualling the ships, Jack has no doubt whatever that the present generation
have made advances upon the practice of their grandfathers. In his time '
there were often six upon four aboard ship, and two banyan days in a week,'
which, being translated, is, the rations for four men were served out amongst
six, in addition to which, on two days out of the week, no rations were
served out at all." Correspondent's Letter from Haslar Hospital,
Portsmouth, March 17, 1874.
BARFOOT, adj. barefoot. A.S. barf of.
DAILY NEWS. 1874.
Before CHAUCER. About 1350.
About 1400.
WAUGH. 1874.
NOTE. 1875$$
Barfoot and ungert Gamelyn in cam.
Cokes Tale, 215. In sumer ge habbeo 1 leave barf of gan and sittan.
Reliquice Antique?, vol. ii , p. 3.
"Aye, aye, Sam," said Jone, "barfoot folk shouldn't walk upo'
prickles." "It just depends," replied Sam, "whether they
liken it or not."
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, March 14, 1874.
In North Lancashire, the phrase ' ' barfoot feet” is used; and the term
"barfoot clogs" is applied to clogs without irons, which are
regarded as a token of the wearer's poverty.
BARIHAM, ) sb. a horse-collar. A.S. beorgan,. to pro- BARKHAM (Cliviger), f
tect, and Eng. hames. It means a
protection against the hames; also used in the form hamberwe,
or hamborough. See HAMES in Wedgwood, and BARKHAAM,
in Brockett.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3755) (tudalen 026)
|
26 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BARKEN'D (Lancaster), p. part, caked, encrusted. Icel. borkr, E. bark, i.e.
of a tree, etc. Cf. bark, to form a crust, in Hamlet, act i, sc. 5, 1. 71.
COLL. USE. Eh! thae art mucky; it's fair barkened on thi.
1875$$
BARKL'T, p. part, applied to hair upon which dirt has hardened; also to a
wound when the blood has hardened upon it. See BARKEN'D ante.
BARLEY, } v. to bespeak, to lay claim to; generally used by BALLA, j
children. The phrase balla me is exactly the French baillez moi.
COLL. USE. Balla me th” apples.
1875$$
BARM, sb. the bosom. A.S. bearm, bosom; Goth, barms, a lap, bosom; Icel.
bartnr, border, edge, lap, bosom; Swed. barm.
ANGLO-SAXON GOSPELS. G6d gemet and full, and geheapod and ofer- 995$ flowende
hig sylla]> on eowerne bearm. [= Good
measure and full, neaped and overflowing, they shall give into your bosom.]
Luke vi. 38.
ROBERT MANNYNG. Befyl hyt so vp-on a day
13031 J>at pore men sate yn Ipe way,
And spred here hatren [clothes] on here barme A3ens )>e sonne )>at was
warme.
Handlying Synne, 1. 5581. 1320. For sco rad, ]>at moder mild
And in hir barm sco ledd hir child.
Cursor Mundi (Cotton MS.), 1. 11601. WEST MID. DIAL. (LANC.) As lyttel barne3
on barme J>at neuer bale wro3t.
J 377 Allit. Poems, C. 1. 510.
CHAUCER. And s l e pyng in hir barm upon a day
13 Sche made to clyppe or schere his heres away.
The Monkes 7 ale, 1. 76. GAWIN DOUGLAS. i Zephyrus comfortabill Inspiratioun
15”3 Fortill ressaue law in hyr barm adoun.
Prologue Eneid, book xii., 1. 75.
BARMSKIN, sb. a leather apron. From barm, the lap, and skin. The A.S. word
was barm-eld^, barm-cloth.
1440- Barnyskyn, barme skyn, melotes, melota.
Prompt. Parv.
JOHN COLLIER. "Neawlads," sed Hal, "mind yer hits: I'll lap
17501 meh honds eh meh barmskin ot hoo cannah scrat
meh." Works, p. 45.
BARN, sb. a child. A.S. beam, M.E. bern, barn, from A.S. beran, to bear.
ANGLO-SAXON GOSPELS. ])isse worulde beam synd gleawran J>isses leohtes
99S> bear mini. [= The children of this world are wiser
than the children of this light.] Luke xvi. 8
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3756) (tudalen 027)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
2272.
1320.
WILLIAM OF PALER NE. 1350- WEST MID. DIALECT. About 1360.
WEST. MID. DIAL. (Lane.). 1377$
SHAKSPERB. 1611.
JOHN COLLIER. 1750.
J. P. MORRIS. 1867.
Of qwom that blisfulle barne in Bedelem was born. E. Eng. Met. Rom. A. xviii.
pis ilk stern ]>am come to warn Apon ]>at mont in forme o barn, And bar
on it liknes of croice.
Cursor Mundi (Cotton MS.), 1. 11417. And was a big bold barn and breme of his
age.
Spec, of E. English, 1. 18. Many wyves, for woo, of ]>ere wit past, And
]>ere barnes on brest bere in J?ere armes, Hyd horn in houles.
Gest Hystoriale of Troy, 1. 8143. We leuen on marye ]>at a grace of grewe
pat ber a barne of vyrgyn flour.
Allit. Poems, A. 1. 416.
Good-lucke (and 't be thy will) what have we heere! Mercy on's, a barne; a
very pretty barne! A boy or a child, I wonder?
Winter's Tale, act iii., sc. 3, 1. 69.
It lawmt [= lamed] th' barn ot wur ith' keather.
Works, p. 66.
Peggy Wilson was lettin her lile barn sowk when she heard on't; an i' her
horry she shov'd t' barn int'l an aid brek ubben. 7" Siege o' Brou'ton,
p. 5.
BARN'S-LAKINS, n. children's playthings. Icel. barna-leikr, a child's play;
from Icel. barn, a child; and leikr, a game. Icel. leika, to play; Sw. leka.
Moeso-Goth, laikan, to play. But the word is also A.S.; cf. A.S. beam, a
child j Ice'can, to play; lac, a game.
BARROW-HOG, sb. a male swine. A.S. bearh, Mid. E. bark.
He wile of bore wurchen bar eg.
Owl and Nightingale, 1. 408.
I mean no other swine but such as feed and root in the field: among which the
female, especially a guelt that never farrowed, is more effectual than a
(tame) bore, barrow-hog, or a breeding sow.
Plinie, b. xxviii., c. 9.
About 1300.
PHILEMON HOLLAND. 1600.
BASH, adj. shy, bashful. From O. Fr. esbahir. The word is used as a verb by
the older writers.
Thes thingis herynge we dredden, and oure herte bashede. Joshua ii. II.
I wende no Bretouns walde bee basschede for so lyttille. Morte Arthur e, 1.
21 21.
Because they bashed them at Berwick, that boldeth them the more.
Ballads and Songs of Lane., p. 22
(The Flodden Field).
Are you not ashamed, and bash you not to broach and set abroad, in the view
and face of the world, such mockeries of religion? Livius, p. 320.
WlCLIF. 1380.
SIR T. MALORY. 1469.
About 1515.
PHILEMON HOLLAND. 1600.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3757) (tudalen 028)
|
28 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
EASIER, sb. the auricula. F. C. H., in Notes and Queries (third series, ii.
305), says: “It seems probable that basier was originally beards ear, the
usual name for the auricula in the eastern counties; a name founded no doubt
upon the resemblance of the leaf to an ear, which gave occasion to the
botanical name of auricula.
Our flocks they're all folded, and young lambs sweetly
do play, And the basiers are sweet in the morning of May.
Ballads and Songs of Lane, (May Song, by a Swinton Man), p. 88.
BASS, sb. iron pyrites or shale, found in coal; coal which will not burn.
COLL. USE. That coal's nowt but lass.
1875$$
BASTE, v. to beat, to whip or thrash. Swed. bosta, to thump. Icel. bcysta, to
beat, to thrash, to belabour.
BUTLER. We whilom left the captiv'd knight
l66 3$ And pensive squire both bruised in body
And conjured into safe custody, Tir'd with dispute and talking Latin As well
as basting and bull-baiting.
Hudibras, part ii., canto i., 1. 32.
COLL. USK. Thae'llt get a rare bastin\ mi lad, when thae gets
1875. whoam.
BAT, sb. a child's shoe, made without a welt.
BAT, sb. (i) speed or force; (2) fashion, way, or manner; (3) a blow. A.S.
and Gael, bat, a bat; an imitation of the sound of a blow. Cf. M.E. batte, to
strike, beat: “Battede hem on the bakkes" (Piers Plowman, A. iii. 192).
MARK LONSDALE. For at yae bait he fell'd me flat.
J 7 8 - Cuml. Ballads, 277.
About 1450. Glad to please you to pay, lest any bats [blows] begin.
Ballads and Songs of Lane., p. 5. (From
MS. vol. Chatham Lib.) WAUGH. I. Speed or force:
l868 - "By th' mon," said he, as he turn't his collar
up and cruttle't into th' nook, "it's [rain's] comin' deawn full
bat" Sneck-Bant, c. ii., p. 35. I BID ' 2. Fashion, way, or manner:
“How's Billy Kettle gettin' on, Ben?” “Oh, abeawt th' owd bat. As greedy as
ever."
Sneck-Bant, c. ii., p. 34. B. BRIERLEY. 3. A blow:
l867 ' Aw up wi my fist an gan her a bat between th'
een. Red Windows flail, c. iv., p. 25.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3758) (tudalen 029)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSS AEY. 2Q
BATCH-CAKE, sb. a small cake made out of a batch of dough intended for
ordinary bread. Batch is from Mid. E. baken, A.S. bcecan, to bake. Cake is
Icel. kaka t E. cake or cate.
BATE, v. to abate, to lessen, to take something from, to deduct, to diminish,
to keep back part of a payment. O. Fr. battre, to beat or break down.
SHAKESPERE. Falstaff: Bardolph, am I not fallen away vilely
15981 since this last action? Do I not bate? Do I not
dwindle? Why, my skin hangs about me like an old lady's loose gown; I am
withered like an old apple- John. /. King Hen. Fourth, iii. 3, 1. I. I BID -
Ariel to Prospero. Thou didst promise
To bate me a full year. Tempest, i. 2, 1. 249.
[See also: Rather than she will bate one breath, Much Ado, ii. 3; Bid the
main flood bate his usual height, Mer. of Venice, iv. I, 1. 72; I will not
bate thee a scruple, Alfs Well, ii. 3, 1. 234; Who bates mine honour shall
not know my coin, Timon of Ath. iii. 3, 1. 26; Neither will they bate one jot
of ceremony, Corio. ii. 2, 1. 144.]
I argue not
MILTON. Against Heaven's hand or will, nor bate a jot
Of heart or hope j but still bear up and steer Right onward. Sonnet xxii. To
Cyriac Skinner.
And lest some tllorn should pierce thy tender foot, Or thou should'st fall in
flying my pursuit! To sharp uneven ways thy steps decline; Abate thy speed,
and I will bate of mine.
Ovid Met. b. i.
COLL. USE. Well, what'n yo bate? Aw'st noan gie that mich,
as heaw it is.
BATE, v. to start from a certain place; used in games.
COLL. USE. Wheer did he bate from?
1875$$
BATMAKER, sb. a maker of children's shoes.
RlCH 'i849? T N ' When about twe l ve years of age I went to learn the
trade of a batmaker; that is, a maker of children's smaller leather shoes.
Botanical Guide to Manch. Plants, p. iv.
BATTER, sb. a woman employed in beating raw cotton to clean it. The operation
is now generally done by machinery. See BAT, a blow.
COLL. USE. who wur it?" "One o' thoose batters at th'
l875 ' fine mill."
BATTIN, sb. a bundle of straw.
COLL. USE. Heaw much a battin, mestur?
1875$$
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3759) (tudalen 030)
|
3O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
"BATTRILL, sb. a short staff; a batting staff used by laundresses.
Shakspere uses batlet, As You Like It, ii. 4, 49. Formed from A.S. bat, by
addition of the suffixes -er and -el, like pickerel from pike. #
BAUTERT, /. part applied to hair upon which dirt has hardened. See BARKL'T.
The same as the Northampt. bolter, to clot, form into lumps, coagulate;
blood-boltered means clotted with blood. Cf. Du. bult, a bunch, boss, knob.
SHAKSPERE. For the b\ood-&0!tertd Ban quo smiles upon me.
l6lo- Macbeth, act iv., sc. L, 1. 122.
BAUKS, sb. pi. as sb. sing., a hayloft. For balks; from A.S. balca, a beam.
The use of the plural is easily explained; the loft would be between the
balks or rafters. Chaucer has the very phrase, "in the balkes," for
“among the rafters" (C. T. 3626).
BAUKS, sb. pi. obstacles, discouragements, disappointments. For balks. Balk
has the successive senses of beam, partition, obstacle.
JOHN COLLIER. We geet up whot we cou'd, an I eet it snap, for
I 75$ beleemy Meary 1're so keen-bitt'n I mede no hawks
at o hey seed. [= We got up what we could, and I ate it quickly, for, believe
me, Mary, I was so hungry I did not hesitate at all at the hayseed (i e.,
that covered the food).] Works, p. 68.
WAUGH. He made no moor baivks at th' job, but set tone
foot onto th' top-bar, an' up he went into th' smudge-hole.
Lane. Sketches: Ramble Bury to Rochdale, p. 28.
BAWSANT, adj. streaked with white on the face, like a badger. O. Fr. bauqant,
a horse marked with white. Bas Breton, bal; W. bal, a white mark on the face
of animals. Prompt. Parv. “Bawstone or bawsone, or a gray, Taxus,
melota."
'BE, prep. by. A.S. and Mid. E. be, bi.
HAMPOLE. Thai may defende tham be na ways./ 3 , of C., 5359.
I34O.
Sothely J>ay sail joye no we be in-3ettynge of grace, IBID ' and in tym to
come be syghte of joye.
Prose Treatises, p. 4.
COLL. USE. Nay, thae mun goo wi” me; awst noan tak that
l8 75$ gate be mysell.
BEAR, sb. a doormat.
BEARIN', pres. part, going towards.
COLL. USE. He'r bearin” towart th' Whoite Moss when aw
l8 75 met him.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3760) (tudalen 031)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BEARIN', sb. a weaver's burden; usually applied to the week's work when taken
back to the employer.
COLL. USE. He'd his week's beariri 1 upo' his shoother.
1875$$
BEAWN, part. Pron. ofbounor down, (i) Prepared, destined, setting out, going;
(2) compelled; (3) about to. Icel. buinn, prepared, ready, p. p. of bua, to
prepare. Mid. E. bowne.
But to serue the pore folke he was fulle bowne.
E. Eng. Met. Rom. A. xxvii. “Wy stonde 36 ydel Jnse daye3 longe."
J>ay sayden her hyre [= hire, wages] wat5 nawhere
boun. A Hit. Poems, A. 532
ffor-thi they busked theme bownne with baners displayede.
'Morte Arthure (E. Eng. Text Soc.), 1. 1633. And euery knyght vpone his hors3
“ s boun.
Lancelot of the Laik, 1036.
1272.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1360.
1440.
1490.
BAMFORD. 1843.
WAUGH. 1865.
IBID.
1869.
IBID.
Th' owd lad 'woke within his yerth,
An' sed, “Wheer arto' beawn?" Poems, p. 80.
“They're just beawn to tak it in," replid the landlord. Besom Ben, c.
viii., p. 93. “Artn'to beawn to ha' some bacon?"
Sneck-Bant, c. i., p. 13.
"Arto for flittin? or thae'rt beawn to a rushbearin somewheer?"
Ibid., c. iv., p. 71.
BEAWT, prep. pron. of bout, without, unless. A.S. butan, without.
And waes dead butan bearnum. [= And was dead (died) without children.] Luke
xx. 29.
And as bliue, boute bod, he braydes to J>e quene, And hent hire so
hetterly to haue hire a-strangeled. William of Paler ne, 1. 150.
WEST-MID. DIALECT (Lane.) T O w ham god hade geuen alle >at gayn were,
Alle J>e blysse boute blame )>at bode my3t haue.
Allit. Poems, b. 259.
ANGLO-SAXON GOSPELS. 995$
WILLIAM OF PALERNE. 1350.
1360.
About 1816.
WAUGH. 1857.
He said, "Yore o'erpaid last toime ot yo coom." Aw said, "If
aw wur, 'twur wi wayving beawt loom. Ballads and Songs of Lane., p. . 1 7 1 .
Mary. Well let's ha't; an' mind to tell no lies ^^ abeawt th' lad i' thy
talk.
Jone. Bith mon, Mary, aw connut do, beawt aw say at he's oather a pretty un
or a good un.
Lane. Sketches, p. 28.
BEAWLT'NT, /. p. bowled.
COLLIER. They order't wheel-barrow with spon-new trindle
t' be fotcht. 'Twur dun, an' they beawlfnt him away to th' urchon in a crack.
Works: Introduction^ p xxxviii.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3761) (tudalen 032)
|
32 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BECK (North Lane.), sb. a small stream. Icel. bekkr; Swed. back, a stream.
Cf. Ger. bach, a brook.
1440- Bek, watyr, rendylle. Rivulus, torrens.
Prompt, Paiv.
When moor or moss do saffron yield. And beck and sike run down with honey.
Ballads and Songs of Lane., p. 31.
(I have) watched
SOUTHEY. The leek roll glittering to the noon-tide sun,
1795$ And listened to its ceaseless murmuring.
Joan of Arc, i. 235.
BECK-BIBBY (Furness), sb. the water-ousel. See BECK. For bibby cf. Lat. bibo,
to drink, and Mid. E. bibble, to sip, to tipple.
BEEANY-PRICK (Furness), sb. a stickleback so called from its prickly spines.
Ueeany = bony.
BEEAS, sb. beasts, cattle. The plural of beast, formed by dropping the t, the
plural s not having been suffixed.
A. C. GIBSON. Dunnot ye kna 'at t' farmers ma's t' brackens i' t'
l868 - back-end, ut bed ther beeas's wi'?
Folk- Speech of Cumberland: Example of Dialect of High Furness, Lancashire,
p. 69.
BEE-BO, sb. sleep; used only to a child.
COLL. USE. i. Hush-a le-lo t mi little darlin'.
2. Come, thae mun goo to be-bo neaw; it's lung past thi toime.
BEEN, adj. nimble, active, lithe. Icel. beinn, direct; Sc. bain. Prompt.
Parv. “13eyn; or plyaunte, flexibilis." Comp. Mid. E. bayn, ready. “So
bayn wer thay bothe two his bone for to wyrk," (E. E. Allit. Poems, C,
1. 136).
BEEST, ) sb. the first milk after calving. A.S.
BEESTINS, \ by sting, the same; from A.S. beost, the
BEEAS-MILK (N. Lane ) J same. Cf. Ger. biest-milch.
J 44Q. Beestnynge mylke. Prompt. Parv.
BEN JONSON. So may the first of all our fells be thine
16254 And both the beestning of our goats and kine.
To Pan, Hymn 4.
PHILEMCW HOLLAND. A cow hatll no mi]lce or air,arily, before that shee
hath calved. The first milke that shee giveth downe, is called leestins ,
which, unless it be delaied with some water, will soone turne to be as hard
as pumish stone. Plinie, b. ii., c. 12.
GASKELL. Beeost and beestins are yet, as among our Anglo- Saxon forefathers,
used to denote the first milk which is given by a cow after calving.
Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 17. COLL. USB. It's as thick as beestins.
1875$$
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3762) (tudalen 033)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
33
BEET, v. to kindle or amend the fire. A.S. betan, to amend, to better; also, to
kindle a fire. Comp. Sc. beet, to kindle. From the root of better.
)>a het he b'etan J?ger-inne mycel ff r, forfon hit wses ceald weder. [=
Then commanded he to kindle therein a great fire, because it was cold
weather.] Tr. of Orosius, bk. vi. cap. 32; ed. Bosworth.
Wyth blys and bryst fyr bette.
Sir Gawayne &> G. K., 1. 1368. The fourth statute, To purchase ever to
here, And stiren folke to love, and beten fire On Venus awter. Court of Love,
1. 323.
Quyl I fete sum quat fat }>on ]>e fyr bete. [While I fetch some vessel
do thou the fire kindle, or mend ] Aliit. Poems, B, 1. 627.
KING ALFRED. 880.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1320.
About 1350.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1360.
CHAUCER. 1380.
TUSSER. 1580.
BURNS. 1786.
IBID.
And on their auter, wher I ryde or go> I wol do sacrifice, and fyres
beete.
Knightes Tale, 1. 1394.
Yokes, forks, and such other let bailiff spy out, And g?..ther the same as he
walketh about; And after, at leisure, let this be his hire, To beath them and
trim them at home by the fire.
December Husbandrie. Or noble Elgin beets the heav'nward flame.
Cotter 'j Sat. /V.I. 113. It heets me, it -beets me, And sets me a' in flame.
Ep. to Davie, a Brother Poet, 1. in.
JOHN SCHOLES.
1857.
COLL. USE. 1875.
Then aw beetud fire, un rattl't fire-potter ogen't back o'th grate. Jaunt to
See th? Queen, p. 14
1 (To kindle). Tha mun get up an' beet t' fire to-morn.
2 (To trim or amend). Come, stir about beet up th' fire, and make things
tidy.
BEETINS, sb. pi. short lengths of yarn, used by weavers to piece up broken
ends in a warp. Possibly for beetings, i.e. mendings; from Mid. E. bete, to
mend.
BEETLE, sb. a large wooden hammer, with more handles than one. The phrase
"<fof//<?-finish" is applied to cloth in the bleaching of
which a large hammer is used. A.S. betel, bytl, a mallet; from bat. Properly
a diminutive, but generally used when the instrument is of large size.
995$ In the A.S. translation of Judges iv. 2 1, it is said
that Jael smote Sisera by driving the tent-peg “mid anum by tie," with a
mallet.
SHAKESPERE. Chief Justice: Fare you well. Commend mee to
1600. mycosin Westmerland. [Exit.
Falstajf; If I do, fillop me with a three -man -beetle. Second Part K. Henrv
IV., i. 2, 253.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3763) (tudalen 034)
|
34 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
[Nares (1822) says a three-man-beetle was one so hc. j avy that it required
three men to manage it.]
BEAUMONT & F. Have I lived thus long to be knock'd o' th' head
I(3I - With half a washing-^/”? Tamer Tamed, ii. 5.
BEK'TLIN'-STEAN (Furness), sb. Pron. of beetling-stone', a stone upon which
clothes are beetled or beaten.
BEET-NEED, \ sb. a help that may be had at will.
BOOT-NEED (Mid. Lane.) I A.S. bot, a remedy, boot; from A.S. bet t better;
betan, to make better, to amend. See BEET.
BEGGAR-BERM, sb. barm of the poorest kind, given away to those who beg barm,
because it is hardly good enough to sell. The word is commonly applied to
anything worthless, especially to worthless talk.
WAUGH. "I don't believe i' none sich like things," said the
J 74$ landlord. "It's o' beggar-berm an' bull-scutter."
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, May 31, 1873.
BEGGAR-INKLE, sb. a coarse narrow tape, hawked by beggars. Of inkle, Wedgwood
says: Fr. ligmul, lignol, strong thread; O.E. liniolf. Lynyolf-Qi inniolf,
threde to sow with schone or botys; indula, licinium (Prompt. Parv.). The
loss of the initial /, of which we have here an example, would convert tingle
into ingle or inkle.
SHAKESPERE. Hee [Autolycus] hath ribbons of all the colours
l6 "“ i'th rainebow; . . . inckles, caddysses, cambrickes,
lawnes. Winter's Tale, iv. 4, 205.
[Also: “What's the price of this yncleT' Z. L. Lost, Hi. i, 139. "Her
inkle, silk, twin with the rubied cherry." Pericles, v., Chorus ]
BELEAKINS, intj. for “By our ladykin," a diminutive of “By our
Lady."
SHAKSPERE. y> r lakin, a parlous fear.
Mids. N. Dream, iii. I, 14.
LANCASHIRE AUTHOR. "Thou udgit," quo hoo, “but where dus he
dwel?" “548. “Belakin,” quo hee, “but I connau tel."
“Warrikin Fair:" Gentleman 's Mag., Sept., 1740. See also, Ballads and
Songs of Lane., p. 52.
BELDER, v. to make a noisy cry, to roar; lit. to bellow. From A.S. bellan,
Icel. belja, to roar.
COLL. USE. Make less noise, mon j it'll do thi no good to
I8 75$ belaer loike that.
BELIKE, adv. surely, certainly, probably.
CHAUCER. For sche was wilde and yong, and he was old,
I37 ' And denied himself belik a cokewold [i.e., a cuckold.]
Milleres Tale, 1. 40.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3764) (tudalen 035)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
35
ARCHB. WHITGIFT. 1570-
SIR THOMAS NORTH. 1579$
SHAKSPERE. 1603.
WORDSWORTH. 1805.
lBID k
COLL. USE. 1875$$
I have spoken before, and declared why I do vse it rather than any other; I
have laboured it, noted it, I am acquainted with it, and belike, I red it,
before you knew whether there was any such booke or no.
Defence, p. 508.
Moreover he received fourscore milch kine to the pail, and neatherds to keep
them, having need of cowes milke belike, to heal a disease that fell upon
him. Plutarch^ p. 252.
Ophelia. What meanes this, my lord?
Hamlet. Marry this is Miching Malicho, that meanes mischeefe.
Ophelia. Belike this shew imports the argument of the play.
Hamlet. We shall know by these fellowes: the players cannot keep eounsell,
they'l tell all.
Hamlet, iii. 2, 146.
[The word belike occurs forty-two times in Shakepere.J
Some female vendor's scream, belike The very shrillest of all London cries.
Prelude, p. 146. Things that I know not of belike to thee are dear.
Pet Lamb.
Thae'rt not gooin' yet belike!
EELTVE, adv. bye-and-bye, quickly. A.S. be, by, and life, dat. of lif, life;
lit. with life.
This noble erl with the Britones ageyn ys fou wente
biliue t
And fagt, and slow faste. P. 162.
pe pore man hente hyt vp belyue, .And was J>erof ful ferly blyj>e.
Handlyng Synng, 1. 5619.
He sent hem word by lettres they schulden hye blyve, Yf they wolde speke with
him whil he was on lyve.
Cokes Tale of Gamelyn, 1. 19. [See also "ride blyve? Freres Tale, 1. 222
] And so bliue doynge down into the erthe the sackis,
eche opnyde. Genesis y\\v. n.
[Authorised Version: Then they speedily look down every man his sack to the
ground, and opened every man his sack.] Hobbinol. God shield, man, hee should
so ill have
thrive,
All for he did his devoyre belive. Sheapherds Calendar, September, 227.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. 1298.
.ROBERT MANNYNG. 1303$
CHAUCER. 1380.
WYCLIF. 1380.
SPENSER. 1579$
LANCASHIRE AUTHOR. To Skipton in Craven then he come belive.
iS 1 $ Ballads and Songs of Lane., p. 21.
(Flodden Field.)
BELL, V-. to roar, to cry loudly. A.S. bellan, to roar.
. JOHN COLLIER. Then th' battril coom, on whether it lawmt [lamed]
17501 th' barn ot wur ith' keather [cradle] I know naw, foi
I laft it rooaring an belling. Works, p. 66.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3765) (tudalen 036)
|
36 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BER, sb. force. Icel. byrr, a fair wind. The peculiar sense of the Mid. E.
bur, impetus, force, is not found in Icelandic.
WEST. MID. DIAL. (Lane.)- Such a burre my^ make myn herte blunt.
J 377$ Attit. Poems, A.I. 176.
IBID. pen is better to abyde ]>e bur vmbe-stoundes.
Allit. Poems, C, 1. 7. I440> Brethly bessomes with byrre in berynes
sailles.
Morte Arthur e, 1. 3662.
WAUGH. A dog sprang from the kennel. Ben sprang for^
1867. ward, right into the fat cook's arms. ..." Thae's
knockt th' breath eawt o' me, welly!" said the cook.
“Thae'd no need to come i' sich a ber! Th' dog
would ha' bitten noan on tho."
Owd Blanket, e. ii. p. 37.
BERM-BO, sb. P'ron. of barm ball. A light pudding, made of flour, yeast, and
suet.
WAUGH. The children were all eating a kind of light pud- l867 ' ding, known
in Lancashire by the name of berm-bo,
or forw-dumpling, made of flour, and yeast, mixed with a little suet.
Home Life Lane. Factory Folk, c. xix. p. 166.
BERM-YED, sb. Pron. of barm-head. App. to a man of confused thought, and also
to one of flighty and excitable mind frothy, fitful, and wild. Burns uses it
in something of this sense when he says My barmy noddle's working prime.
WAUGH. Aw'll be bund 'at Enoch's hooked it on in a mis- l865 ' take. Th'
berm-yed doesn't know what he's doing
th' tone hauve of his time. Besom Ben, c. ii., p. 25.
BERRIN', sb. Pron. of burying, a funeral,
WAUGH. I' tho dees through it, aw'll bi' fourpence or fippence
toawrd thi' berrirf.
Lane. Sketches (Bury to Rochdale), p. 29.
BESSY (Furness), sb. the yellow-hammer, or yellow bunting. Emberiza
citrinella.
BETHINK, v. to call to mind.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. Tho the emperour herde this, he by gan hym by- I2 9 8 -
thenche,
And hys wraththe toward the kyng, for drede of the
erl quenche. P. 58.
DAN MICHEL. Rijuolnesse zay]>. “Yef we longe godes drede and
13401 be-\enchinge of dya]>e were stille: ri5t hit is j^et ]>e
spekinde wel more we by stille."
Sermon on Matthew xxiv. 43, 1 loo.
SHAKSPERB. Othello. If you bethinke your selfe of any crime
Vnreconcil'd as yet to Heauen, and grace, Solicite for it straight. Othello,
v. 2, 26.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3766) (tudalen 037)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY, 37
BISHOP BEVERIDGE. Bethink yourselves beforehand what mercies you
unto him. vol. ii. Ser. 145.
want, for which you should pray unto him.
COLL. USE. Aw've seen him afore, that's sartin; but, for mi
loife, aw conno bethink me wheer.
BETHOUGHT, //. /. called to recollection. PL BETHOUGHTEN.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER. And some bythogte, and told wat the bytokne was,
That the dragon of by Weste bytokned the king
Arture. P. 203.
CHAUCER. But atte laste his mayster him bythoughte
I 37$ Upon a day, when he his papyr soughte
Of a proverbe, that saith this same word, Wei bette is roten appul out of
hord Than that it rote al the remenaunt. Cokes T. \. 39. SHAKSPERE. Polonius.
What ist, Ophelia, he hath said to you?
Ophelia. So please you, something touching the
lord Hamlet. Pol. Marry, well bethought:
Tis told me he hath very oft of late Giuen priuate time to you.
Hamlet, ', i. 3, 88.
COLL. USB. I. Hast bethowt thi yet?
l8 75$ 2. Han yo bethowten yoursells?
BEZZLE, v. to waste, to squander; generally applied to drinking. Prob. a
dimin. of E. booze, to drink freely. Cf. our; present word embezzle, to make
away with wrongfully.
BISHOP HALL. O mee! what odds there seemeth 'twixt their chere
1597$ And the swolne bezell at an alehouse fyre,
That tonnes in gallons to his bursten paunch Whose shiny droughts his draught
can never staunch.
Satires, Bk. V. Sat. 2.
MILTON. They that spend their youth in loitering, bezzling,
16411 and harlotting. Animad. upon Remons. Def.
JOHN COLLIER. So I seete on restut meh, on drank meh pint o ele;
1750. boh as I'r naw greadly sleckt, I cawd for another, on
bezzilt tut, too; for I'r as droy as soot. Works, p. 54.
IB >. In idd'n made strushion, on bezzilt awey moor brass
inney hadd'n, yo met'n ha tawkt. [= If you had made destruction and
squandered away more money than you had, you might have talked.] Works, p.
55.
BEZZLER (Furness), sb. anything very great.
BIB-AN-TUCKER, sB. Primarily, certain parts of dress, but used figuratively
to express the whole costume.
COLL. USE. i. Wheer's he for? He's getten his best bib-an- l8 “- tucker on.
2. Aw put him his best bib-an-tucker on an' went to look for a place for him.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3767) (tudalen 038)
|
38 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BIDDEN-WEDDING (N. Lane.), sb. a wedding to which it was formerly the custom
in North Lane, to invite the whole countryside. From Mid. E. bidde, to
invite. The custom seems to be alluded to in Piers the Plowman, b. ii. 54,
where it says that a large number of retainers
Were boden to ]>e brydale on bothe two sydes, Of alle maner of men, j?e
mene and ]>e riche.
BIDDY, sb. a louse.
BIDE, v. to dwell, to live with; to endure. Pt. t. bode.
T. HARDY. I've been with her all through her troubles, and
J ^74$ was with her at the time of Mr. Troy's death and all.
And if she were to marry again i expect I should
bide with her. Far from the Madding Crowd, c. 49.
WAUGH. “Forgi' mo, lad, do:
1859. ror aw m nobbut a foo,
An bide wi' mo, neaw, till aw dee! “So we'n bide one another, whatever may
come.
Lane. Songs (Jamie's Frolic).
IBID. So he gran' an bode, fro day to day; an' he'd a
1875. deeol to bide, for Nan went wur an' wur.
Old Cronies, v. 52.
BIG, sb. a teat, where the "familiar" was said to draw blood from
the body of a witch. From the same root as big and bulge; applied to the
breast, it means that which bulges. Ray has,?, a pappe or teat. Essex."
BIGG, v. to build. A.S. byggan, to build, inhabit; perhaps not a native word,
but taken from Icel. byggja, to build; from the root of bua> to prepare.
Cf. A.S. biian, to inhabit.
1272. Of box and of barbere, byggyt ful bene.
E. Eng. Met. Rom. A. st. vi. IBID. That is batelt aboute, and biggutte fulle
bene.
Ibid. st. lii. ROBERT MANNYNG. And o f Qryme, a fisshere, men redes git in
ryme,
That he bigged Grimesby, Grime that ilk tyme. IBID. Kirkes and houses brent,
nouht than wild he spare.
Ther the Inglis had bigged, he mad it wast and bare. HAMPOLE. Men ete and
drank? shortly to telle,
Ilkan with other, and salde and bought, And planted, and bygged, and houses wroght.
Pr. of C.I. 4848. WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) I haf bigged Babiloyne, burs
atyer-rychest,
I 3 6 - Stabled j^er-inne vche a ston in strenkj>e of myn armes.
A Hit. Poems, B, 1. 1666.
1440. When erthe appone erthe hase bigged vp his bourris.
Religious Pieces, p. 95, 1. n.
WAUGH. Then they bigged yon new barn upo' th' knowe.
l86 9$ Lane. Sketches, p. 205.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3768) (tudalen 039)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 39
BIGG (Furness), barley, Icel. bygg, barley.
J. STAGG. An' southy crops o' beans an' bigg.
About 1804. Cumb. Ball p. 221.
BIGGIN, sb. a building. See BIGG. Icel. bygging, a habitation; from booa to
build.
HAMPOLE. j)e sevend day byggyns doun sal falle,
I 34$ And grete castels, and tours with-alle.
Pr.cfC.\. 4782. WEST Mm. DIAL. (LANC.) I se no by-gyng na where aboute.
r s6o. AIM. Poems, A, L 931.
WAUGH. Th' orchart's gwon; an th' gardens an o' are gwon;
l8 59$ nobbut a twothre at's laft o'eranent this biggin.
Waugh: Lane. Sk. (Grave of Griselhurst Boggart), p. 205 .
BILLET, sb. a piece of wood pointed at each end, used in farming. Fr. billot,
a block; dim. of bille, a log , of Celtic origin. Cf. Irish bille, a
tree-trunk (Brachet).
BIN, pi. of BE.
SHAKSPERE. Gower. He, doing so, put forth to seas,
Where when men been, there's seldom ease. Pericles ii. I. 1. 27.
DR. JOHN BYROM. Folk cry out, “Hard times," but I never regard
1804. For I ne'er did, nor will, set my heart upo' th' word;
So 'tis all one to me, bin they easy or hard.
Misc. Poems, vol. i. p. 22.
BIRK (N. Lane.), sb. a birch tree. A.S. birce; Icel. bjork.
JOHN BARBOUR. Than byrkis on athyr sid the way,
I 37S > That young and thik war growand ner,
He knyt to-gidder, on sic maner, Tha” men moucht nocht weill throu thaim rid
[ride]. The Bruce, ed. Jamieson, xi. 394;
Edinb. MS. fol. 54.
1440. He fande the rede knyght lyggand,
Slayne of Percyvelle hande, Besyde a fyre brynnande
Off byrke and of akke. Ther brent of birke and of ake Gret brandes .and
blake.
Thornton Romances, p. 30.
BIRL (N. Lane.), v. to pour out. Icel. byrla, to pour out; borrowed from A.S.
byrelian, to give to drink, which from byrel, a cupbearer.
"72$ In bolles birlutte thay the wyne.
Met. Rom. C, st. xlvi. 1. 14.
X 33' And seruanz wur at this bridale
That birled win in cupp and schal.
Met. Homilies, 1. 120.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3769) (tudalen 040)
|
4O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
WEST-MID. DIALECT (Lane.) We3e wyn in J>is won, wassayl!" he cryes.
I36a Swyfte swaynes ful swy}e swepen ]>er-tylle,
Kyppe kowpes in honde kinge5 to serue, In bry3t bolle5, ful bayn birlen
J>ise o]>er, And vche mon for his mayster maehches alone.
Allit. Poems B, 1508.
WYCLIF. Take thou the cuppe of wyn of this woodnesse fro
I 3 8 - myn hond, and thou schal birle thereof to al hethene
men to whom Y schal sende thee. Jer. xxv. 15.
HALL. The olde god of wyne called Baccus birlyn.% the wyne
I55 - Henry VIII., fo. Ixxiii.
SKELTON. (They) Dame Elynour entrete
To byrle them of the best. EL R., v. 269.
COLL. USE. Birl out th' beer.
1875$$
BISHOP, .sb. a pinafore; a kind of smock or overall, worn by children.
WAUGH. Here; tak him, an' wesh him; an' put him a clen
18741 bishop on. Chimney Corner Manch. Critic, March
7, 1874.
BISHOPPED, adj. Said of milk, which whilst on the fire, has been burnt
against the sides of the pan, and received a peculiar and not altogether pleasant
flavour. Grose, in his Provincial Glossary, says: “Formerly, in days of
superstition, whenever a bishop passed through a town or village, all the
inhabitants ran out to receive his blessing. This frequently caused the milk
on the fire to be left till burnt to the vessel, and gave origin to the above
allusion." Tyndale (see below) seems to point to a more specious origin
of the word, in the rancour of the reformers, which ascribed every ill that
might betide them to the Popish bishops. Grose's story is obviously an
invention.
TYNDALE. "When a thing spedeth not well, we borow speach
and say, the, bishop hath blessed it, because that nothing spedeth well that
they medle with all. If the porage be burned to, or the meate ouer rested, we
say, the bishop hath put his foote in the potte, or the bishop hath played
the cooke, because the bishops burn who they lust, and whosoever displeaseth
them.
Workes, p. 1 66.
again.
BIT, sb. a short time; as, “I'm. coming in a bit." A.S. bitt, a bit or
bite; from bltan, to bite.
AUGH. Wheer are yo beawn to tay mo too?” “Thae'll
see in a bit" replied Roddle.
Besom Ben, c. vii. p. 89.
DR. BARBER. Efter a bit I landt at top o' Hasty Gill Brow. I
1870. rested a bit, for I's gittin rayder puffy ye kna.
Fur ness Folk, p. 3.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3770) (tudalen 041)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BI'TH, by the.
WAUGH. 1868.
COLLIER.
WAUGH. 1859.
Miss LAHEE. 1863.
They very near poo'd me bith scuft o' th' neck
Sneck-Bant, c. i., p. 8.
of oath = “ the
Neaw, byth maskins if I be naw fast.
Works, Intro, xxxv.
He begged that aw'd wed him i' May; Bith mass, iv he'll let me, aw will.
Lane. Songs Th 1 Dale's i” this Bonnet.
Humph, beth? mass, there's olez somebody after thee for brass. 'I he Carter's
Struggles, p. 25.
BITH-MON, an oath, frequently used in the form of By-gum; which latter, if
not a corruption of the word “God," may be connected with Mid. E. gome,
A.S. guma, a man.
Thir't a reet uri; bith 1 man, arto!
Lane. Sketches (Bury to Rochdale), p. 30.
Beth' mons, aw '11 tell thi what, Ned, aw dunnot care heaw soon tha gets a
woife.
The Carter's Struggles, p. 25.
"Am aw to goo at this timeo'neet?" "Ay, bith mon, mun
tha'."
WAUGH. 1855$
Miss LAHEE. 1865.
COLL. Uss. 1875$$
BITIN'-ON, sb. a snack or lunch.
JOHN SCHOLES. 1857$
Miss LAHEE
1865.
WAUGH. 1875$$
" Are yo beawn to Australia, Betty?" said aw, when aw see'd th'
basket. "Bless yo, felli," hoo said, 'it's just o boitin'-on fur
Throddy an' me an' Nance." J aunt to see th? Queen, p. 19.
Iv tha taks after thi fayther, tha con do wi a boitiri 1 ' on, Betty o"
1 \eps, p. 19.
"Please, sir," she said “I was to ask if ye would have some bread
an' cheese for a bitin'-on?" “For a what?" “For a bitirf-on till t'
goose is ready." Jannock, c. ii. p 14.,
BITTER-BUMP, sb. the bittern, Botaurus stellaris. The syllable bump refers to
the looming sound made by it. The Welsh name is aderyn y bwmp, the booming
bird. “The bittern is now rare in Britain, owing to drainage. It has a
peculiar bellowing cry, which has obtained for it such English provincial
names as Mire-drum, Bull-of-the-Bog, etc., and many of its appellations in
other languages, as Bitour, Botur, Botaurus." (Chambers's Encyclopaedia,
vol. ii.)
CHAUCER. And as a bvfoure bumbleth in the myre
“3 86 - Sche laid hir mouth unto the water doun.
" Bewrey me not, thou water, with thi soun," Quod sche. WyJ of
Bathes 7 ale, 1 1 16.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3771) (tudalen 042)
|
42 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
Sir THOMAS BROWNS. That a bittor maketh that mugient noyse, or as we
l6 ^- term ir bumping, by putting its bill into a reed as
most believe, or as Bellonius and Aldrovandus conceive, by putting the same
in water or mud, and after a while retaining the ayr by suddenly excluding it
again, is not so easily made but.
Vulgar Errors, bk. iii. c. 27,
DRYDEN. Then to the water's brink she laid her head,
1 7 00> And as a bittour bumps within a reed,
" To thee alone, O Lake," she said, “I tell, (And as thy queen
command thee to conceal.)"
Fables: Chaucer s Wife of Bath's T. (See above.)
THNNYSON. Moast loike a butter bump, fur I 'eerd um aboot an'
I86 4$ aboot. Northern Farmer: Old Style, st. 8.
COLLIER. Thoose ot connot tell a bitter bump fro a gill-hooter.
1750. Works: Intro, xxxiv.
BLACKBERN, sb. the blackberry.
BLACK-CLOCK, sb. the cockroach or black-beetle; more commonly called
twitch-clock. See CLOCK.
BLACK-LAD MONDAY, sb. The term in Lancashire originated in the custom at
Ashton-under-Lyne of carrying through the town on Easter Monday the effigy of
"the Black Lad," said to represent a former lord of the manor, who,
through a course of cruelty and oppression, had become obnoxious to his
tenants and dependants. It seems probable that the real origin was simply the
perambulation of the boundaries. See The Black Knight of Ashton, by W. E. A.
Axon. 1871.
BLACK-OUSEL, sb. the blackbird, Turdus merula.
BLAIN, sb. a little boil. A.S. blegen; Mid. E. bleine.
BLASH, sb. a sudden flame. A variation of blaze; A.S. bto'ese.
BLASH-BOGGART, sb. a fire-goblin, or flash-goblin; that is, a goblin that
flashes and diappears. It is more commonly used figuratively, and is applied
to persons who are fiery, wild, or strange in appearance, either in dress or
person.
WAUGH. When it geet toaurd Setturday, he wur some dirty
18681 an tatter't a gradely blash-boggart! Aw use't to
think he slept among th' coals or else on a shelf somewheer. Sneck-Bant, c.
ii. p. 31.
BLEA (N. Lane.), ) adj. livid from cold. The old sense "livid"
BLUA (E. Lane.), ) is retained in the phrase to “beat black and
blue." Icel. blar, blue; Mid. E. bla, blaa, bio. The word is
found in Blea, Tarn (there are three small lakes so called; one
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3772) (tudalen 043)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
43
in Langdale, another in Eskdale, and a third near Watendlath), and Blea
Water, near the south end of Hawes Water. There is also Bleas, or Blue
Things, the lower part of one of the Ullswater mountains.
He henged on J>e rode tre Alle bla and blody. Pricke of Conscience, 1.
5260
(The Dead Sea is described as) Bio, blubrande, and blak. Allit. Poems, B., 1.
1017.
Fyre shal falle, and brenne al to bio askes The houses and the homes of hem
that desireth Yiftes or yeres yives bicause of here offices
Piers Plowm., B. 3, 97.
HAMPOLE, 1340.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.)
1360.
LANGLAND. 1377.
COLL. USE. (E. Lauc.) 1874.
Thy skin's turned blua.
BLEB, or ] sb. a bubble; a raised spot or blister on the skin. Blob BLOB, j
is the usage in South Lancashire; bleb in North Lancashire. Cf. Mid. E.
blubber, a bubble; and as a verb, to bubble.
(The Dead Sea is described as) Bio, blubrande, and blak, unblythe to neghe
Allit. Poems, B , 1. 1017 Till the bloberond blode blend with the rayn. f =
Till the bubbling blood blent with the rain.] Gest Hystoriale of Troy, 1.
7642.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1360.
WEST MID. DIAL (? North). About 1360.
COLL. Usj^E. Lane.) He sca i de d hissel, an' his skin wur a' i' blebs.
BLEFFIN, a block or wedge. BLEFFIN-YED (i.e. Bleffin-head), sb. a blockhead.
BLETHER, sb. nonsense, emptiness of meaning; that which is noisy and
senseless. Also, v. to talk nonsense, to chatter. Icel. blaftr, nonsense;
blaftra, to talk indistinctly.
BURNS. But I shall scribble down some blether
I7Ss ' Just clean aff-loof. Ep. to J Lafraik.
WAUGH. 1867.
B. BRIERLKY. 1867.
He blether V abeawt religion as iv he'd bin i' full trainin for heaven o' his
days. Ozvd BL, c. iv., p. 89.
Aw wouldno' care if Jammie o' Turn's didno know on't; but he'll blethur an'
talk abeawt it o' winter, Marlocks of Merriton, p. 26.
BLETHER-YED sb. (pron. of Blether-head), a noisy babbler.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
Eh! what a blether-yed thae art: when wiltp give o'er talkm'.
BLINKERT, sb. a person who is blind of one eye; or that winks much with his
eyes. Cf. Mid. E. blinken, to blink. Archdeacon Nares has “Blinkard, one who
blinks."
A blinkard alwayes good doth mis.
Dictionarie, p. 288.
WITHAL. 1608.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3773) (tudalen 044)
|
44 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COLLIER. 1750-
"Humph," said I, "you understand astrology, I perceive."
“Eigh,” replied blinkard, “I've studit it e'er sin I'r fifteen yer owd."
Works, p. 293.
BLOWPOKE, sb., a fat pursy fellow; generally one who assumes an air of great
importance.
BLUFFIN-YED, sb. (i.e. Bluffin-head). Mr. Waugh thinks this is
a corruption of “muffin -yed," which is more common, and has
some affinity in meaning with bowster-yed (^.^.), as representing
a person of soft and spongy brains yielding, strengthless, and
flabby. See BLEFFIN-YED.
BLUN, adj. blind.
BLUND, /. /tfr/. blinded.
BLUZZ-BOGGART, sb. (Darwen), blindman's-buff.
BO, sb. Pron. of Ball, as beef-bo, a beef pudding; Ayster-bo, a pudding made
for Easter Sunday; berm-bo, a light pudding.
BOBBERSOME, adj. impatient, obtrusive; also, frisky, gay, lively.
COLLIER. To comparen me to an urchon [hedgehog], ot has
I 7S- noather heead nor tele. Is not it like running me
deawn, an a bit too bobbersome?
Works: Intro, xxxviii.
BOBBIN', part, fishing for eels with a number of worms strung upon a piece of
worsted and tied in a bundle.
BODE,/, part, remained, stayed, did abide. A.S. bad, from bidan.
WEST MID. DIAL. (? North), He bounet to his batell, bode he no lengur.
About 1360. es f Hystoriale of Troy, 1. 6939.
CHAUCER. This joly prentys with his mayster bood.
1380. Cokes Tale, 1. 35.
SPENSER. So there all day they bode, till light the sky forsooke.
J 5 8 9$ F. Q. bk. vi c. xi., st. 40.
WAUGH. He determin't to make th' best on't, so he gran an'
1 75 ' bode fro' day to day; an' he'd a deeol to bide, for Nan
went wur au' wur. Old Cronies, p. 52.
BODLE, sb. half a farthing.
BURNS. I'll wad a boddle.
17851 The Brigs of Ayr; Auld Brig, 1. 5.
COLLIER. 1st naw hav one boadle t' spere o meh hoyde silver.
Works, p. 55.
WAUGH. "God bless this little lad o' mine!" cried Betty.
1868. “He's worth five hundred theawsan million peawnd
i' guinea-gowd every yure ov his yed! An aw'll not bate a bodle noather!
“Sneck-Bant, c. iii. p. 58.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3774) (tudalen 045)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
45
BOGGART, } sb. a spirit, a ghost. Welsh bwg, bwgan, by gel, a BUGGART, )
hobgoblin; Gaelic bocan. Spenser and Shakspere use the word in its shorter
form bug or bugge.
Each trembling leafe and whistling wind they heare, As ghastly bug, does
greatly them affeare.
F. Q., bk. ii., c. iii , s. xx. Hermione. Sir, spare your threats.
The bugge which you would fright me with I seeke. Winter's Tale, act iii ,
sc. 2, 1. 93.
[See also Hamlet, v. 2, 22, "With ho, such bugges and goblins;" T.
of S., i. 2, 211, "Tush, tush, feare boys with bugs;" and
Cymbeline, v. 3, 51, "The
-t.,,1 /.,,,,-,. ~> +T-,' Calrl "1
SPENSER. 1589.
SHAKSPERE. 1611.
COLLIER. I 75$
WAUGH. 1855.
JOHN SCHOLES. 1857$
WAUGH. 1859$
Miss LAHEE. 1865.
mortal bugs o'
On then I'r ill breed [frightened] ogen, for I thowt I'd seen a boggart.
Works, p. 52.
When one gets a few miles off any of the populous towns in Lancashire, many
an old wood, many a lonesome clough, many a quiet stream and ancient
building, is the reputed haunt of some local sprite or boggart. . . In such
places the legends and superstitions of the forefathers of Lancashire are
cherished with a tenacity which would hardly be credible to the inhabitants
of great cities in these days. Lane. Sketches: “Grave of Grislehurst
Boggart," p. 198.
When we wur gooin' by Boggart-fads Cloof, Throddy towd us o tale ov o boggart
ot us't to haunt theerabeawts. Ghosts un boggarts ar not hauve us mich tawkt
abeawt neaw us thae us't to be.
Jaunt to see th? Queen, p. 60.
Then he look'd i' my face, an he said,
' Has th' boggarts taen houd o' my dad?"
Poems and Lane. Songs,” ^ 54. At that toime ther'n no new-fangled things code
foire engins, an'railway styemers skrikin'away through th' country, enoo to
flay a buggart eawt o' th' greaund. Betty o 1 Yeps, p. 6.
BOGGLE, v. to blunder, to hesitate. See BOGGART. Cf. Welsh bygwl, to threaten;
bygel, a scarecrow, from bwg, a spectre.
SHAKSPERE. 1598.
ARCHBP. TILLOTSON. 1664.
Bertram My lord, I do confesse the ring was hers. King. You boggle shrewdly,
every feather starts you.
Lovers Labour Lost, v. 3, 1. 231. When a sinner is first tempted to the
commission of a more gross and notorious sin, his conscience is apt to boggle
and start at it. Sermons, vol. i., ser. 10.
Rev. W. GASKELL. We sometimes hear Lancashire people say, he
l8 54$ boggled" at a thing, when they mean that the per
son of whom they are speaking, started from, or took fright at it. I might
very well have said that I boggled at my lecture to-night. Lectures Lane.
Dial, p. lo.
COLL. USE. What dost boggle at it so lung for! Get done, mon,
l8 75$ or gie it up!
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3775) (tudalen 046)
|
46 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BOGIE, sb. a small hand-cart, a rude contrivance for moving heavy articles, consisting
of a simple plank on low wheels.
BOH (S. E. Lane.),] prep. (var. pron.) But. Robert of Gloucester, BUD (E.
Lane.), I Robert Mannyng, and Gawin Douglas have BOD, J dote and bot.
COLLIER. Bok heaw went'n ye on? Wur th' justice awhoam?
Works, p. 45.
JAMES BUTTERWORTH. Boh aw soon towd um, awre gooin to Owdham, J 79o. Un aw'd
ha'e a battle wi' th' French.
HarlancPs Ball. &> Songs of Lane.: “Jone o”
Greenjttt" ]. 218. WAUGH. They nan bod one bed, yo see.
l86 7$ Home Life, Factory Folk (Preston), c. ix. p. Si.
JOHN ALMOND. “: Budyovz hit th' wrong rnon," sed th' parson's
(Blackburn, E.L.) voice fro' t' other side "Never mind," sed Mary
Ann; “pass it on to th' reight un."
Day at Blackpool, p. 7.
BOKE, v, to point the finger at.
JOHN SCHOLES. Betty wur bokin hur finger at um, un aw crope
18571 behoint hur. Jaunt to see th? Queen, p. 57.
WAUGH. I went quietly up to him, an' bcked my finger at his
oppen e'e.
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, Aug. 14.
BOLL, sb. a boggart, an object of fear. Probably a contraction from boggle
BONK, sb. (var. pron.) a bank. A.S. bane.
WEST-MID DIAL. (Lane.) Quer at >e IIoly-Hede, til he hade eft bonk In
>e wyldrenesse of Wyrale.
Sir Gawayne, 1. 700. I BI D- And by j>yse bonke^ J>er I con gele.
And I se ne by-gyng nawhere aboute.
E. E. Allit. Poems, A. 1. 930. IBID And bowed to )>e hy3 bonk ]>er
brentest hit wern.
Ibid., B. 1. 379. GAWIN DOUGLAS. Quhil the reflex of the diurnal bemys
I 5 I 3$ The beyn bonkis kest ful of variant glemys.
Spec. Eng. Lit. p. 129, 1. 6l.
BO OF, sb. the bough of a tree; also, the shaft of a cart.
BOON-PLOO (N. Lane.) sb. a day's ploughing given to each other by
neighbouring farmers, or to the lord of the manor, or by a sub-tenant to the
holder of the land. From boon %&& plough.
BOON-SHEARIN' (N Lane.), sb. a quantity of shearing given as in the case of a
boon-ploo.
BOORTREE (S. 'Lane.),} sb. the elder tree. Tomlinson (in Ray) BORTREE (N
Lane.), j gives the form bore-tree, and derives it from bore. There is no
proof of this.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3776) (tudalen 047)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
47
BOOSE, \ s&. a cattle-stall. Often used for the upper part of the BOOST,
) stall where the fodder is placed: as, “Yo'll find it in
th' cow's boose." Figuratively, a seat. A.S. bos, bong, a stall,
manger, crib.
I440
H. FISHWICK.
WAUGH. l8 74$
Booc or boos, netystalle (boce, K. base, netis stall, H.P.) Prompt. Parv.
One of the every-day proverbs in use here (Goosnargh, in the Fylde) is:
"A famine begins in the cow boost"
Hint. Chapdry of Goosnargh, c xi. p. 200.
"Now lads," said Giles, "are yo getten sattle't into yer
booses?"Old Cron 'es, p. 33.
RAMSBOTTOM. l86 4$
WAUGH '
O! it wur hard eawrsels to dhraw
Fro' th' things i' th' heawse we'd awlus known; For eawr warm beds t' put up
wi' sthraw;
For every cheer a boother-stone!
Lane. Rhymes, p. 66.
Jenny, bring him a cheer [chair], lass. Thae stons theer as gawmless as a
boother-stone I
Tattliri 1 Matty, p. 9.
BOOZE, v. to drink hard. Du. Buizen; Swiss bausen, to take deep draughts,
drink deep, to tope.
[SyllaJ falling into such company, by drinking, bowsing, and making good
cheer, he suddenly became another manner of man. Plutarch, p. 387.
Still as he rode he somewhat still did eat, And in his hand did beare a
bouzing can,
Of which he supt so oft, that on his seat His drunken corse he scarse
upholden can.
F. Q., bk. i. c. 4, st. 22.
Come, prithee, let's shog off, and bowse an hour or two; there's ale will
make a cat speak at the Harrow. Coxcomb, act ii. sc. I.
Sir THOMAS NORTH.
SPENSER. T S 8 9'
BEAUMONT & FLETCHER. l6l 3$
POPE.
Rous'd at his name, up rose the boivsy sire, And shook from out his pipe the
seeds of fire.
Dunciad, iv. 493.
He ' s done nowt but booze for a f r:nit -
BOYRN I v ' to
COLLIER. 17501
JOHN SCHOLES.
to
- burne, a stream.
Theaw meh be shure I're primely boyrnt< on os weet as ewer eh could sye. I
lookt licker a dreawnt meawse in [than] o mon. Works, p. 49.
Theaw wur thur thinkin' abeawt boyrnin 1 an' weshin' when we lookt at them
fountains.
J-.iunt to see th? Queen, p. 56.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3777) (tudalen 048)
|
48 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
WAUGH. Whatever arto doin areawt [outside] sich a clay as
l86 7$ this? What, its enough to borne th' buttons off thi
clooas. Thae'rt fair sipein' fro yed to fuut.
Owd Blanket, c iii p. 52.
“?fj?' Eh, heaw it did come deawn! It's a good while
sin aw wur as primely borne” t as aw've bin this time. Sneck-Bant, c. i. p.
7.
BORRANS (North Lane.) sb. rough, craggy places, to which foxes run for
safety. Gael, borr, borra, a knob, borrach, a projecting bank.
BORTREE-JOAN (N. Lane.) sb. elderberry wine. The Rev. Addison Crofton writes:
“Nurse says it used to be the custom [at Lancaster] to invite friends to take
bortree-joan, usually served in coffee-cups, and always hot. The housemaid
proffered us all some one day here [Burnage], sent by her mother from
Lancaster." 1875. See BOORTREE.
BOSKIN, sb. a cattle-stall. From boose, with the suffix kin. See BOOSE.
BOSS, sb. a fat, lazy woman; a term of reproach. Cf. Fr. bosse, a boss; Du.
bos, a bunch, bundle.
COLL. USE. Hoo's a great idle boss. Look at her childer, they'n
l8 75$ tell thi what hoo is.
BOSTIN' (Mid. Lane.), sb. the rack or trough in a stable, in which the fodder
is placed. See BOOSE and BOSKIN.
BOTE, p. p. did bite. Earle (Philology English Tongue) gives pres. bite;
preterite, bote, bit; part, bitten, bit; and says the form flourished chiefly
from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century,
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) And bate >e best of his brache3 [hounds] >e
bakke” in sunder. Sir Gawayne, 1. 1563.
LANGLAND. Lourede he foule,
1362. His body was boiled, for wraj>]>e he bot his lippes.
Piers Plowman, A-text, v 66.
I 4$ He was the burlokke [st] blonke, ther evyr bate brede.
Met. Rom., A. xliii., 1 2.
1855!" "That's just reet," as Finder said, when his wife
bate hur tung i' two! Lane. Sketches, 26.
IBID. His wife's as nice a lass as ever bote off th' edge ov
l86 7$ a cake. Owd. Bl., c. iii., p. 51.
RAMSBOTTOM. Mi feyther lookt eawt into th' sthreet,
An' bote his lip, bo never spoke.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 73.
BOTH',/r#. but the: as, "Aye, botK time's past."
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3778) (tudalen 049)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 49
BOTS (N. Lane.) sb. pi. intestinal worms in animals. Gael, lotus, a bott:
boiteag, a maggot.
SHAKSPERE. Why Petruchio is comming, in a new hat and an
1593$ old jerkin; . . . his horse . . . possest with
the glanders, and like to mose in the chine; troubled with the lampasse,
infected with the fashions full of windegalls, sped with spavins raied with
the yellows, past cure of the fives, starke spoyl'd with the staggers,
begnawne with dots.
Taming of Shrew, act iii. sc. 2, 1. 49.
J BI - Second Carrier: Pease an beanes are as danke here
as a dog, and this is the next way to give poore jades the botles. First King
Hen. IV. act ii. sc I. 1. 9.
PHILEMON HOLLAND. If the same be conveighed downe by a home into
l6oit the throat of horses and such like beasts, they will
cure the wringing torment of the botts that fret and gnaw them in the
bellies. Plinie, b. xxviii. c. n.
OLIVER GOLDSMITH. After he [ the chapman] had examined the horse
round, finding him blind of one eye, he would have nothing to say to him: a
fourth knew by his eye that he had the botts. Vicar of Wakefield, c. 14.
BOUGHT, ) sb. the bend, as the bought or boot of the elbow. A.S. BOOT,
btigan, beogan, to bow, bend, stoop, give way,
Mid. E. boght, bight; Dan. bugt, a bend.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) Bi >e byyt al of >e >y3es. [= By the fork of
the
thighs.] Sir Gawayne, 1. 1349.
SIR P. SIDNEY. Now of her knees
J 53 My tongue doth tell what fancy sees,
Whose bought incavd doth yield such sight, Like cunning painter shadowed
white.
Arcadia, b. ii.
SPENSKR. And as she lay upon the durtie ground,
Is8 9' Her huge long taile her den all overspred,
Yet was in knots and many boughte” upwound Pointed with mortall sting.
F. Q., bk. I., c. L, st. 15.
MILTON. j n no tes, with many a winding bout
Of linked sweetness long drawn out.
L' Allegro, 1. 139.
BUGT'} sb ' bi S ness > bulk ' Cf “IceL bilkr “ bulk '
JOHN COLLIER. This wur a nice trick oth,' bookth on't, wur it naw?
Works, p. 68.
JOHN SCHOLES. Wi his beein' sich a bookth, an' so clumsy ov his
l8 57$ legs, he'd o bin toilt to deeoth e wamblin' deawn theer.
Jaunt to see M Queen, p. 46.
WAUGH. Hasto forgetten me pooin' tho eawt o' that greight
18651 tub i' Bull Robin back-yard, when thae'er abeawt th'
bugth ov er Billy? Whau thae'd happen be five year owd, or so. Besom Ben, p.
43.
B. BRIERLEY. "Owd Tabby s getten her hay in?" "Goodcrop?"
l869 “ “Middlin' i' bukth, an' as sweet as a posy."
Red Windows Hall, c xi., p. 83.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3779) (tudalen 050)
|
5O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BOOLER (Lancaster), sb. a child's hoop. This is not “bowler," but is
probably formed from the word boot or bule (q.v.), the hoop being generally
made from pieces of wood similar to those used for the handles of osier
market-baskets.
BOWSTER, sb. a carriage for timber. A.S. bolster.
BOWSTER-YED (Lit. Bolster-head), sb. applied to a light-headed person, or one
of confused brain, with no power of orderly thought; and, as bolsters are
generally stuffed with feathers or some kind of light, fluzzy, yielding
stuff, there is a certain figurative fitness in the application.
WAUGH. If a poor lad happens to be born wi a hair-shorn
l86<)> lip, or his yure a bit cauve-lickt, he's sure to be
punce't for't, oather by one bowster-yed or another
though he's no moor to do wi't nor he has wi makin
moonleet. Yeth-Bobs, c. i., p. 12.
BOWT-RUSHES, sb. pi. choice rushes used in the making of rush-carts.
BRABBLE, v. to chatter noisily. Cf. Du. brabbelcn, to confuse, to stammer.
BRABBLEMENT, sb. noisy talk.
JOHN SCHOLES. In a bit ther wur sich o clatter an' brabblement
l8 57$ omung us, us made rare spooart fur thoose us wur
eawt on't. Jaunt to see th? Queen, p. 56.
BRACKEN-CLOCK (Furness), sb. a small beetle.
BRAD, \ v. to spread, to open wide, to extend, to make broad. BREAD, j A.S.
brce'dan, to extend.
WEST.MID. DIAL. (Lane.). He were a bleaunt of blwe, that bradde to the I 32$
erthe. [ = He wore a robe of blue that extended to
the earth.] Sir Gawayne 6 G. K., 1. 1928.
135” He made hire to knele a-doun and a bok bradde,
Radde a gospel >er-on and bad hire up rise.
'Joseph of Arimathie, 1. 642.
JOHN COLLIER. Nor ist oboon two eawrs sin furst time ot eh brad
meh een on him. Works, p. 63.
JOHN SCHOLES. A noice clen cloth wur brad up o' th' table.
l8 57$ Jaunt to see th' Queen, p. 22.
BRADE, sb. a board, a shelf. A.S. bred, a plank, board; Swed.
bradd, a board. WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) He [Jonah] wat3 flowen for ferde of
}>e flode lotes
J 3 6 ' Into J>e bo)>em of J>e bot [boat] and on a brede lyggede.
E. E. Allit. Poems, C, 1. 183.
1440. Brede, or lyttel borde. Mensula, tabula, asserulus.
Prompt. Parv.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3780) (tudalen 051)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 51
BRADE, sb. bread, but usually applied to oaten cake.
WAUGH. "Win yo have hard brade? Which side dun yo
l8 S7$ come fro?" "I come from Manchester," said I.
" Fro Manchester, eh! Whau, then, yoddn rather ha' loaS-brade, aw'll
uphowd yo." "Nay, nay," said I, “I'm country -bred; and I
would rather have a bit of oat-cake. “That's reet; aw'll find yo some gradely
good stuff! An it's a deeol howsomer nor loaf, too, mind yo"Lanc.
Sketches (Bury to Rochdale), p. 24.
BRADE-FLEIGH, j sb. a wooden frame, crossed by cords, and BRADE- FLAKE, j
hung below the ceiling, used to lay oatcakes upon to dry and harden.
BAMFORD. The large bread-flake in the kitchen was speedily
l8 “ 0> un thatched. Life of Radical, vol. i., p. 234.
WAUGH. When I asked a villager whether Gamershaw
18574 Boggart was ever seen now, he said, "Naw; we
never see'n no boggarts neaw; nobbut when th' brade-fleigh? s empty! “Lane.
Sketches (Birthplace of Tim Bobbin), c. ii., p. 79.
^j^- Upon a bradf-fleigh or bread-rack, which was sus
pended from the ceiling, like a great square harp, a few oat-cakes were
spread, with their ends curled up about the strings. Ben an 1 th? Bantam, c.
i., p. n.
BRAGGAT, \ sb. new ale spiced with sugar; a sweet drink, made BRAGGET, j of
the wort of ale, honey, and spice; mulled ale, prepared and drunk in many
places on Mid-Lent Sunday, which is hence called Braggat Sunday. W. bragawd;
Sc. bragwort.
CHAUCER. Hir mouth was sweete as bragat is or meth.
Milleres Tale, 1. 75. 1440. Bragett, drynke. Mellibr odium bragetum.
Prompt. Parv.
HOLLINSHED. Before she putteth her first woort into the furnace,
15 or mingleth it with the hops, she taketh out a vessel
full of eight or nine gallons, which she shutteth up close, and suffereth no
aire to come into it till it become yellow, and this she reserveth by itself
unto further use, calling it brackwoort.
Descrip. of England, c. vi. BEN JONSON Captaine, if ever at the bozing ken,
l6lo> You have in draught of Darby drilled your men;
And we have serv'd there armed all in ale With the browne bowle, and charg'd
in bragget stale. Masques: Gypsies Metamorphosed.
REV. W. GASKELL. Consulting my school recollections again, there
l8 54$ used to be, and there may be yet, and I hope there
is for the sake of school-boys, a Sunday in the year known as
Ztragget-Sundzy, because on that day they were indulged in a kind of sweet
drink which bore this name, and was composed, I believe, of ale, sugar, and
nutmeg. This evidently corresponds to the bragawd of the Welsh, which denotes
a liquor made of the wort of ale brag signifying malt in that
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3781) (tudalen 052)
|
52 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
language, as in Cornish and Gaelic mixed with mead and spiced. We find it
mentioned both by Aneurin and Taliesin, two British poets flourishing in the
sixth century, and in the laws of Hoel Dha, in the tenth century. Lect. Lane.
Dialect, p. 8.
BRAID, v. to resemble; to be like. Icel. breg^a vift, to resemble.
COLL. USE. He braids o' th' lot: he's nooan a good un.
1875$$
BRAK, broke. A.S. brae.
ROBERT MANNYNG. Out of hys mouth me thoghte brak
A flamme of fyre bryght and clere.
Handlyng Synne, 1. 5922.
Be< j re lie smot the wyket with his foot, and brak awey
the pyn. Coke” Tale of Gamely n, 1. 298.
BRANDRETH, sb. a gridiron. A.S. brandreda; Icel. brand-reft, a grate.
BRANGLE, sb. a quarrel or squabble.
BRAN-NEW, adj. quite new. See brand-new in Jamieson.
COLL. USE. Come that's bran-new, thae's never towd that afore.
1875$$
BRANT, adj. steep, as applied to a hill. Thus, Brant Fell, near Windermere;
Jfrantwood, Coniston, a wood on a steep hill side. Sw. brant, steep; Icel.
brattr, steep. Cf. W. bryn, a hill.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) [He] se^e no syngne of resette, by-syde5 nowhere, J 3
20 ' Bot hy3e bonkke3 and brent.
Sir Gawayne d^ G. K., 1. 2164. IBID. pe byggyng thay levej
I 3 6 - And bowed to )>e hy3 bonk ]>er brentest hit wern.
E. E. Allil. Poems, B., 1 378.
ROGER ASGHAM. A man maye, I graunt, sit on a brante hyll syde.
J 544$ Toxophilus, A., p. 58 (Arber's reprint).
JOHN BRIGGS. Yell find it a lang way an' varra brant.
l822 - Remains, p 106,
BRASH, adj. rash. Gael, bras, rash. Cf. W. brys, haste.
BRASH, sb. an eruption. Cf. Gael, briseadh, a breach, a bursting; W. brech,
an eruption.
BRASS, sb. money.
JOHN COLLIER. I thowt I'll know heaw meh shot stons ofore I'll
J 75o. wear [spend] moor o meh brass o meh brekfust.
Works, p. 55. RAMSBOTTOM. Beawt wark, thae knows weel, there's no brass.
l86 4$ Lane. Rhymes, p. 15.
WAUGH. "Dost want any brass?" said she. "Well, ay,"
18671 replied Ben. “Thae may gi mo sixpence”
Owd BL, c i, p. 23.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3782) (tudalen 053)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 53
BRAST, v. to burst. A.S. bcrstan, p. t. barst.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) pe bur ber to hit baft at braste alle her gere.
E. E. Allit. Poems, C., 1. 148.
WYCLIF. Tnis j u das hadde a field of the hire of wickednesse,
and he was hanged, and \.o-brast in the myddil and alle hise entrailis weren
shed abrood. Acts, c. i. CHAUCER. And bothe his yen brast out of his face.
Man of Lawes Tale, 1. 573. GAWIN DOUGLAS. The fyry sparkis brastyng from his
eyn.
I 5 I 3$ Prologue Eneid, b. xii. 39
1551$ When he was hanged brast asonder in the myddes
and all hys bowels gushed out. Bible: Acts, c. i. SPENSER. N O g a j- e so
strong, no locke so firm and fast,
But with that piercing noise flew open quite or brast. F. Q., Book I., c.
viii, 1. 4.
Miss LAHEE. Aw na( j m j f ayt her an' ir lads laughin' fit to brast
their soides. Betty o 1 Ye/s Tale, p. 10.
WA "GH. Eawr Billy cried, poor lad. . . . Every time that
aw slipt, or gav a bit ov a clunter again a stone, he brast eawt again, as iv
his heart wur breighkin.
Yeth-Bobs, c. ii., p. 33.
BRAST-OFF, v. to start, to begin.
WAUGH. Silence, lads; Jem's gettin' his top-lip ready.
Brast-off, Jem. Old Cronies, c. vii., p. 85.
BRAT, sb. a coarse apron. A.S. bratt, a cloak, probably borrowed from the
Celtic; cf. Gael, brat, a mantle; W. brat, a rag.
CHAUCER. And a bratt to walke in by daylight.
Ed. Tyrwhitt, 1. 16349.
J. P. MORRIS. Them 'at hedn't any pots held owt the'r brats, 'an
gut a scowp-ful put in. Invasion 1 U'ston, p. 6. WAUGH. Aw'd rayther see it
nor a brat-fa\\ o' guinea gowd!
Owd Bl.,c .i.,p. 19.
BEALEY. H O o awlus like't to gather flowers,
l87 “ An bring 'em whoam to me;
Hoo'd bring her brat full mony a time, An sort 'em on her knee.
Poems: Eawr Bessy, p. 157.
BRAWSEN, or }/./. and adj. burst; also, overfed. A.S. borsten; BROSSEN, j
Mid. E. brestcn, brusten, brosten. Cf. Dan. brost, hurt, damage.
CHAUCER. For with the fal he brosten had his arm.
Miller es Tale, 1. 641. IBID - For I am hole, al brosten ben my bondes.
Troylus and Creiseide, 1. 976.
JOHN COLLIER. If I'd naw bin eh that wofo pickle 1st a bross'n
I75 - weh leawghing. Works, p. 70.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3783) (tudalen 054)
|
54 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
REV W ' ^ ASKELL - I have heard of a person who, when charged at
table with not eating, said, “AwVe eyten till o'm welly brossen" to
which the response was, “Brossen, for sure! We wishen we'd owt for t' brossen
yo wi! “
Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 25.
There's plenty o' chaps i' Rachdaw teawn at's so brawsen wi wit, whol noather
me, nor thee, nor no mon elze, con may ony sense on 'em.
Lane. Sketches (Bury to Rochdale\ p. 33. There's nowt at a' coorse, nor
brawsen [overfed or bloated] aboot him. He's a well-leukin', clear-skinned,
healthy man. Jannock, c. v., p. 36. ^ ID “ “Come, Gavlock, owd brid, wakken
up; thour't 1 7 “ noan sto'in, arto?" ''By th' mon, it's gettm' time, I
think. Thou doesn't want to see me brawsen, doesto? I measur't a hond-bradth
oft' between my singlet an' th' table afore we started, an' they're welly
met." Old Cronies, p. 34.
BRAZIL, sb. anything very hard. “It is not a little singular," says
Way, in his notes to Promptorium Parvulorum, “to find so many
notices as occur of Brazil-wood, considerably anterior to the
discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese captain, Peter Alvaris
Capralis, which occurred 3rd May, 1500. He named it the land
of the Holy Cross, ' since of store of that wood called Brasilia
Purchas's Pilgrimes, vol. i. In the Canterbury Tales, the host,
commending the Nonnes Preeste for his health and vigour, says:
Him needeth not his colour for to dien
With Brasil, ne with grain of Portingale."
WAUGH. “ Aw could like to gi' tho summat that would tak
l867 ' tho off whoam“ said the doctor. “Aw'm as hard as
brazill^ said Tip; “kill mo!”
OwdBL, c. iv., p. 85.
IBID. "How didto goo on wi Owd Sniggle?" "Oh,
l8 7” he's as hard as brazzil! But I banted him i' th' end."
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, May 2, 1874.
BREAD-AND-CHEESE, sb. the leaves of the hawthorn. Also, in N. Lane, the
leaves and flowers of the Oxalis acetosella. A phrase used by children.
BREAST-HEE, sb. the mouth of a tunnel leading to a coal-pit which has been
made in the side of a hill, the shaft being horizontal instead of vertical.
BAMKORD. At the time when Tim Bobbin was spending his
l8 5' days at Milnrow . . . the collier brought his coal
to daylight at the mouth of a tunnel, or what was
called a breast-hee. generally opening out, not unlike
a large black sough, on some hill-side.
Ed. of Tim Bobbin: Intro, iii.
WAUGH. A long-limbed collier lad began to hum, in a jolt- l8 57$ jng metre,
with as much freedom of mind as it he was
at the mouth of a lonely breast-kee o\\ his native moorside, a long country
ditty.
Lane. Sketches: Cottage of Tim Bobbin, p. 44.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3784) (tudalen 055)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
55
IBID.
1874.
He took me up one street an' down another, till we coom to th' end of a ginnel
'at looked as dark as a breast-hee col-pit. Chimney Corner: Manchester
Critic, March 21, 1874.
BREED, adj. frightened. Icel. breg&a, to startle, to be amazed.
JOHN COLLIER. 1'r so feerfully breed at meh hure stood on eend.
X 75<>- Tim Bobbin: Works, p. 51.
BREOD, sb. a cake not bread.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
Wilto have bread or loaf?
BRETHER, sb.pl. brothers. In the oldest English the plural of brother was
brothru (brothra). In the thirteenth century this became, i, brothr-e;
2,brothr-e-n ( brother en ); 3, brethr-e; 4, brethr-e-n; $, brother es
(brothers). In the Northern dialects in the fourteenth century we find
brethre becoming brether. “These be my mother, brether, and sisters."
Bp. Pilkington (died 1575). The e in brethren seems to have arisen from the
dative singular (brether). Dr. Morris's English Accidence, p. 96.
WEST MID. DIAL. (LANG.) ])is kyng lay at Camylot upon kryst-masse With mony
luflych lorde, Iede3 of }>& best, Rekenly [nobly or princely] of
]>e rounde table alle )>o rich brewer. Sir Gawayne 6 G- K , 1. 37.
That ilka tyme when yhe did oght Until ane of ]>e lest ]?at yhe myght se
Of my brether, yhe did til me. Pricke of C., 1. 6176. My brethir oft hes maid
the supplicationis.
Spec. Eng. Lit., p 117, st. 6.
1320.
HAMPOLE. 1340.
DUNBAR.
About 1500.
BRERE, sb. a briar. A.S. brer; Mid. E. brere. Names of places in Lancashire,
^mrcliffe, Itrerecroft.
WILLIAM OF PALERNE.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1360.
WYCLIF. 1380.
GAWIN DOUGLAS.
SPENSER. 1579$
WILLIAM BROWNE. 1614.
DRYDHN. 1680.
Blake-beries that on breres growen.
W. of Paler ne, 1. 1809. His browes bresed [rough] as breres aboute his brode
cheekes. E. E. Allit. Poems, B, 1. 1694.
That is brynginge forth thornes and breris.
Hebrews, c. 6. Welcum the byrdis beild upon the brer.
Prolong of the xii. buk of Eneados, \. 257. The gentle shepheard satte beside
a springe, All in the shadowe of a bushye brere.
Shepheardes Calender, December, 1. i. I wonder he hath soft'red been
Upon our common heere, His hogges doe rent our younger treen, And spoyle the
smelling breere.
Shep heard 1 s Pipe, EC. 2.
A thicket close beside the grove there stood. With breers and brambles
choked, and dwarfish wood. Theodore & Honoria, 1. 103
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3785) (tudalen 056)
|
56 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
'BREWIS, sb., oatcake or bread toasted, and soaked in broth or stew. Welsh
brvwes; A.S. briw, briwas, the small pieces of meat in broth , pottage.
BECON. We were weary of the comfortable manna, and a
1550- pleasure to return unto Egypt, where we might sit
among greasy fleshpots, eating beef and brewis knuckle-deep. A Comfortable
Epistle, c. iii.
REV. W. GASKELL. J n Lancashire, bread soaked in broth, or in the fat
l8 54$ that drips from meat when being roasted, is known
as brewis. A writer in the reign of Edward VI. refers to “browess made with
bread and fat meat." Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 13.
JOHN SCHOLES. Ut last theyrn as scarce to be fund as drops o' fat on
1857$ Owdham brea-wis. Jaunt to see th? Queen, p. 13.
BREWITS (S. E. Lane.)) sb. the rim or brim of a hat, A.S. brerd; BRUART (E.
Lane.) j Mid. E. brurd, top, brim.
A. S. GOSPELS. And hig gefyldon >a 08 pone brerd [ = and they
1000. filled them up to the brim]. John ii. 7.
WAUGH. Theer stoode Sneck-bant i'th dur-hole, as quiet as
l868 ' a dreawnt meawse, wi th' rain drippin' off his hat
brewiis. Sneck-Bant, c. ii., p. 38.
BREWSTER, sb. a brewer.
LANGLAND. Brewesteres and baksteres, bocheres and cokes.
Piers Plowman, B text, Passus iii., 1. 79.
BRICKLE, \ adj. fragile, brittle. A.S. breean, to break. Mid. E. BRITCHEL, j
bruchel, brukel, brikle.
SIR THOMAS MORE, Suche as didde their endevour to break his bondes,
About 1500. an( j to s h a ke his yoke from them, those he shall spyte
of their teeth, rule with an yron rod and as a brickeU earthen pot in pieces
al to frush them.
Workes, p. 1398.
SPKNSER. But th' Altare, n which this Image staid,
'SS 1 ' Was (O great pitie!) built of brickie clay,
That shortly the foundation decaid, With showres of heaven and tempests worne
away. Ruines of Time, 1. 498.
REV. W..GASKEI.L. Brickie is a true Lancashire adjective, formed just
1854. as properly from the A.S. brecan as brittle is from
brytan; only as the Maeso-Gothic is brickan, it may boast most likely of a
higher antiquity than “brittle." By the same process as that which
changed circ into church, and cicen into chicken, brickie is sometimes
converted into britchle. Lect. Lane. Dialect, p 21.
JOHN SCHOLES. Thoose ur yoar Manchistur cheers [chairs], ar thi?
l8 S7$ us britchel us egg-shells, ur o cake o' brayd uts bin on
th' fleak fur o thri wik. They arnah fit to peeorch o hen on. Jaunt to see
tti 1 Queen, p 47.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3786) (tudalen 057)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
57
WAUGH. 1874.
BRID, sb. a
1300.
bird.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1320.
IBID. 1360.
WICLIF. 1380.
WAUGH. 1859.
RAMSBOTTOM. 1864.
WAUGH. 1868.
BEALEY. 1870.
Thou costs moore tor breighkage than thi wage comes to! Thou'rt like as if
thou'd a malice again aught 'at's britchel. Chimney Corner: Manchester
Critic, Feb. 28, 1874.
A.S. brid.
Lenten ys come wij> loue to toune, Wi}> blosmen and wi]> briddes
roune, ]>at ul jns blisse bryngej).
Proverbs of Hendyng: Sp. E. Eng., p. 48. Bryddes busken to bylde and bremlych
syngen For solace of ]>e softe somer ]>at sues ]>er- after.
Sir Gawayne &> G. K., 1. 509. Fro )>e burne to J>e best, fro
brydde^ to fysche3.
E. Eng. Allit. P., B, 1. 288.
Tt shal make grete braunchis, so that briddis of hevene mowe dwelle undir the
shadewe ther-of.
Mark iv. 32.
He're very fond o' singin-^r/afr That's heaw he geet his name.
Lane. Songs: Chirrup. O' reawnd agen aw kiss mi brids Afore lioo packs 'em
off to bed.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 13.
" Middlin o' brils upo' th' moor this time, aw think," said Ben.
“Ay," replied Randal, “but they're terrible wild upo' th' wing."
Sneck Bant, ii. 24. An' seemed to sing an' nestle theer, Just like a little
brid. Poems, p. 156.
BRIDE-WAIN, sb. a bidden wedding, q.v.
BRIG (North and Mid. Lane.) sb. a bridge. The most southerly point of the
county where "brig" is used instead of “bridge" is believed to
be Bamber Brig, a few miles south of Preston. It occurs, however, in
Collier's Tim Bobbin. A.S. bricg; Icel.
bryggja.
And he ful chauncely hat3 chosen to ]>e chef gate, pat bro3t bremly )>e
burne to Je bryge ende, in haste; pe bryge wat3 breme vp-brayde.
Sir Gawayne &> G. K., 1. 778. At vch brugge a berfray on basteles
wyse.
E. E. Allit. P, B, 1. 1187.
)>e brugge is of bidde-wel, >e bette may >ow spede. Piers P.,
B-text, Pass, v., 1. 601. Franche men put ]>am to pine At Cressy, when
>ai brak >e brig.
Sp. E. E., p. 136, 1. 77. At Trompyngtoun, nat fer fro Cantebrigge, Ther goth
a brook, and over that a brigge.
Reeves Tale, 1. i.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) 1320.
IBID. 1360.
LANGLAND. 1377$
LAURENCE MINOT. 1352$
CHAUCER. 1386.
JOHN COLLIER.
COLL. USE (E. Lane.) 1875$$
I saigh two rotten pynots ot tis seme brig os eh coom. Works, p. 50.
Pig wouldn't o'er t' brig.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3787) (tudalen 058)
|
58 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BRIGGS, sb. irons to set over the fire. Welsh brigwn, andirons.
BRINDLE, to be irritated, to show resentment, to bridle up. COLL. USE. He
brindled up as soon as aw spoke to him.
BROCK, sb., a badger, from the white-streaked face of the animal. Names of
places in Lancashire, Urockholzs, -#n?<;M>ottom. Gael, broke, a mole, a
freckle; bruc.ach, spotted; breac, speckled; Welsh brech, brych, brindled,
freckled; Icel. brokkr, a badger; Dan. brok, a badger; A.S. broc.
LAHGLAND. And go hunte liardiliche to hares and to foxes,
X 377$ To bores and to brockes J>at breketh adown myne
hegges- Piers Plowman, B-text, vi. 30
WYCLIF. They wenten aboute in brok skynnes. Heb. xi. 37.
1380. SHAKSPERE. Sir Toby: Marrie, hang thee, brocke!
l6 2 - Twelfth Night, ii , v., 114.
BEN JONSON. Or with pretence of chasing thence the brock,
16331 Send in a curre to worry the whole flock.
Sad Shephera, act i., sc. 4.
REV. J. RELPH. “Nea mair i' th' nights thro' v/oods he leads,
J 74$ To treace the wand'ring brock."
Cumberland Ballads, p. 8.
BRODDLE, v. to assume, to swagger. BRODDLIN', adj. assuming, swaggering. Cf.
Gael, brodail, proud, arrogant.
JOHN COLLIER. So I gen urn her; on still this broddlin fussock
J 75o- lookt feaw as Tunor [a dog's name] when I'd done.
Works, p. 55. BAMFORD. See foaw he brcddles.
Edition of Tim Bobbin, p. 145.
BROG (N. Lane.), sb. a branch, a bough, a broken branch. Cf. Welsh brigyn, a
top branch, a twig; brigau, the tops of trees.
DR. BARBER. Be t' time we'd gitten by t' last brog an' off t' sand,
l8 7$ it rooar't an' blew fit to thraa a body over.
For ness Folk, p. 37.
J- p - M RRIS - Ye men-fo'k er sic buzzards, if ye sa a brog on
t' sand ye wod think it wos t' French
Siege d 1 Brouton, p. 6.
NOTE. After obtaining a safe ford, the guides, on the
l875 ' Ulverston and Lancaster sands, mark out the track by
inserting branches of trees. This is called ' ' broggirf t' channel."
"DTD C\C” \
BROGGLE I v ' t0 ^ s ^ “ r ee “ S ^ ma ^ n S tne water muddy.
BROKKEN-YURE'T, adj. broken-haired; only half-bred. Appl. to anything
spurious, especially, in a sarcastic way, to anything pretentious or
hypocritical in human character anything that is not what it seems to be. As
regards dogs, it is applied to mongrels: thus, a “brokken-yure't
spaniel" is a dog that is not all a spaniel.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3788) (tudalen 059)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
59
B. BRIERLEY. Aw ha' no' had so mich o' that brokken-yurt sort
l86o> o' livin as aw're us't have. Bunk Ho\ p. 17.
WAUGH. It was a short, bloated man, with a pale, puffed
1867. face . . He was dressed in faded black and he
carried a large blue umbrella. "Who is it? asked Gablock. ' He favvours
a brokken-yure 1 1 doctor, or summat." Owd!., c. iv., p. 88.
BRONG, I v. brought. Dr. Richard Morris ( ist. Outlines English
BRUNG, ) Accidence, p. 172), among the verbs peculiarly formed,
includes, “Pres. bring, Past, brought, P. part, brought; O. E.
bringe, brohte, broht. In the oldest English we also find bring,
brang, brungen, from which we see that the root is brang=brag"
OEDMON. He tha bysene from gode brungen haefde; i.e , he
had brought those commands from God.
Ctzdmon, ed. Thorpe, p. 41.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
BROO, sb. a brother.
1 . I brung it an' he sent it back.
2. Has'nt thae brung mi baggin? Off wi' thi back, sharp.
JROODY, adj. wanting to sit, applied to fowls. SROWN-TOMMY, sb. a kind of
brown bread, made of inferior
" A tw -P und loaf - mester." “Which win yo' have white or
brown?" “Oh brown-tommy its good enough for t' childer.”
USE i875. SI
BRUART, sb. a shooting forth or sprouting of corn, fruits, or vegetables;
also, v. to sprout. The A.S. brord, a shooting blade of corn, occurs in the
Northumbrian version of Luke viii. 6.
I . Yo'n a fine bruart o' strawberry.
2. Yo'r taties are bruartin 1 finely.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
BRUN, v. to burn. A.S. byrnan, brennan.
ANON. For thei had lutherli here lond brend and destrued.
J 35o- Will, of Paler ne, 1. 2646.
WAUGH. Th' chylt cries i'th keyther;
18661 Th' cake bruns i'th oon:
Th' cow moos i'th milkin-gap,
Bi'th leet o' th' moon. Besom Ben, p. 13.
Yo'n sin that owd yollo rag ov a blanket o' mine, wi' th' hole brunt in it,
ha' not yo?
Owd Bl., c. iii. p. 61. 5RUNFIRE, sb. a bonfire.
IBID.
1867.
JRUZZ'D, p.p. broken, dulled, bruised, blunted. A.S. brysan, to bruise.
SPENSER. And, being downe, is trodde in the durt
1579$ Of cattell, and bronzed, and sorely hurt.
Shephezrdes Calender: Febmarie, 235.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3789) (tudalen 060)
|
6O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COLLIER. I'd no hurt boh th' tone theawm stunnisht, on th'
skin bruzz'd off th' whirlbooan o' mi knee.
Works, p. 45.
COLL. USH. Aw've bruzzed mi clog-nose wi puncin' that owd
can."
BUCK, sb. a piece of wood, shorter than the ordinary billet, for use on hard
ground.
BUCKED-UP, smartly dressed.
COLL. USE. “Hello, Jim, what art' bucked-up for?" “Gooin'
l8 75$ to Manchester, owd lad."
BUCKFAN, sb. a throw in wrestling. A term common in the Burnley Valley and
Todmorden district. At and about Rochdale, the word is applied to riding a
culprit, or unpopular person, on a stang, or pole, as a punishment.
BUCKLE-TO, v. to begin in earnest. Probably related to A.S. bugan, to bow,
rather than to Fr. boude.
SPENSER. Eftsoones again his axe he raught on hie,
Ere he were throughly buckled to his geare.
F. Q. bk. v., c. xi. st x.
WAUGH. j s j t d own> sometimes, just to gether mi wits
together a bit; an' then I have to buckle-to again. There's nought else
for't, yo known.
Chimney Corner: Manchester Critic ', April 1 1 .
BULE, sb. the handle of a pot, pan, or other utensil. At Lancaster, the flat
wooden handle of an osier market-basket. The word is obviously a contraction
of bow, in the sense of something bent, with the suffix -el, from A.S. bugan,
to bend. In exactly the same way we have Icel. bygill, a stirrup, from bogi,
a bow; and G. bugel, a bent piece of wood or metal, from bug, a bend. The
Dan. boile, a bent piece, comes very near to the Lancashire form.
BULIN', v. linking arm in arm.
BULLART, sb. the warden of a bull; lit. a bull-ward.
;ht brawsen bullart, wi' a ne tree. Chimney Corner: Critic, Feb. 28, 1874.
WAUGH. A greight brawsen bullart, wi' a neck like th' bole
l8 74$ of an oak tree.
BULL-HEADS, \ , . , , BULL-JONES, } '“' tad P les '
WAUGH - Rolling into the wet ditch at the bottom, to the
1 57> dismay of sundry limber-tailed bull-Jones and other
necromantic fry that inhabit such stagnant moistures. Lane. Sketches Heywood
and Neighbourhood, p. 189.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3790) (tudalen 061)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 6 I
IBID. It'd be summat like th' raisin-puddin' 'at owd Mall
l86 S- made, wi' bull-jones in it. "Hello, mother!" says
little Jerry, “what dun yo' co' this?” “Whau, it's a raisin," said
Mally; "get it into tho'." “Well," said Jerry, howdin' it upo'
th' end ov his fork, "aw never see'd a raisin wi' a tail on afore!”
Besom Ben, c. i. p. 7.
BULLOCK, v. to plague, tease, or bully; to interrupt or baulk by a feint.
COLL. USE. That'll noan do; fair play! yo' munnot bullock
I8?s- him like that.
BULLOE, sb. the sloe or wild plum. Welsh bwlas, winter sloes.
BULL-SCUTTER, sb. anything worthless and nasty.
WAUGH. “I don't believe i' none such -like things," said the
landlord. “It's o' beggar-berm an' bull-scutter!” Chimney Corner: Critic, May
31, 1873.
BULLYRAG, v. to abuse; to abuse with intention to intimidate.
COLL. USE. It's no use bullyragging me; thae'll get nowt by it.
1875.
BUM, or ) sb. a bailiff who distrains for rent; figuratively, a
BUMBAILIE, ) loud and overbearing person. To bum, to dun (Halliwell), and
bailie, a contraction of bailiff.
SHAKSPERE. Go Sir Andrew: scout mee for him at the corner
l6 2 - of the orchard like a bum-bavlie.
Twelfth Night, iii 4, 1. 193.
CONGREVE. Wit: The rogue has no manners at all; that I
I 7$ must own; no more breeding than a bum-baylie,
that I grant you. Way of the World, act i.
B. BRIERLRY. I' m i n a solicitor's office. “" Is that bein' a bum-
baily?" "Bum-bailiff! I should think not. Do I look like anything
of the sort?”
Red Windows Hall, c. viii., p. 58.
COLL. USE. i. Bi sharp, bi sharp, lads; here's t' bum-bailies
1875. come to owd Ned's.
2. Howd thi tongue; thae'rt worse nor a bumbaily i'th' heawse.
BUMMEL-BEE, sb. the humble-bee. W. bwmp t a hollow sound.
BUN, v. bound, in the sense of going; also, tied, apprenticed to. COLL. USE.
i. “Wheer't 'a bun?" “Whoam, to bi sure.”
2. “What han they done wi that lad o' theirs?” “Bun him to a
blacksmith."
BUNHEDGE, sb. a hedge made of twisted sticks.
BUNHORNS, sb.pl. briars to wind yarn on.
BUNT, v. to pack up. Dan. bundt, a bunch, a bundle.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3791) (tudalen 062)
|
62 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
BUNT, v. to take work home.
BURLY-MAN, sb. an officer appointed at a court leet to examine and determine
respecting disputed fences.
BURN, sb. a burden; by contraction to bur'n.
WAUGH. Gathering on their way edible herbs, such as
l855 “ "green-sauce" or "a burn o' nettles," to put in
their broth.
Lane. Sketches: Cottage of Tim Bobbin, p. 50.
IBID. Eh Dimple, thae may well prick thoose ears o'
l868 ' thine! Thae never had as bonny a burn o' stuff upo'
thi back sin thae began wearin' a tail.
Sneck-Bant, c. iii. p. 60.
BURY-HOLE, sb. a grave: a word generally used by children.
WAUGH. The child croodled thoughtfully to himself a minute
or two, whilst his mother went on dressing him; and then, suddenly turning up
his face, he said, “Eawr little Ben's i'th bury-hole, isn't he, mam?”
Sneck-Bant, c. iii. p. 53.
BURYIN', sb. a funeral.
Miss LAHEE. When her husband deed Tim wor axt to th' berry in 1 .
l86 5$ Betty o' Ye/s Tale, p. 6.
COLL USE. Ay, aw'm better now; but there'd like to bin a
l8 75$ buryin" 1 at eawr heawse, aw con tell thi.
BUSK, v. to dress smartly. Icel. biia, to make ready, to dress, equip. Busk
is a remnant of the old reflex, btiask, i.e. fr&a sik, to prepare
oneself; see Dasent, Burnt Njal, pref. xvi. note. (Cleasby and Vigfusson.)
She had nae sooner buskit hirsel,
And putten on hir goun, But Edom o' Gordon and his men Were round about the
toun.
Percy's Reliques: Edom o' Gordon.
WILLIAM MORRIS. Now the next morn, when risen was the sun,
l8 68. Men 'gan to busk them for the quest begun.
Jason, p. 46.
COLL. USE. "Come busk up, an' let's be off."
1875$$
BUSS, sb. a kiss. Cf. Fr. baiter, to kiss; but the connection is not certain;
cf. Gael, bus, a lip. In the fifteenth century, according to Richardson,
basse was the form used.
1561. For lyppes thynne, not fatte, but ever lene,
They serve of naught, they be not worth a bene; For if the basse ben full,
there is delite.
Court of Love, 795.
SPENSER. But every satyre first did give a busse
X 59$ To Hellenore; so busses did abound.
F. Q. bk. iii., c. & St. xlvi.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3792) (tudalen 063)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
WAUGH.
1859.
B. BRIERLEY. 1869.
God bless it! Daddy's noan far off;
Let mammy have a buss. Lane. Songs: Neet-fo\ If t' meeans ay, give me a buss;
if t' meeans nawe, '
give me a smack i' th' face.
Red Windows Hall, c. xiv. p. 112.
BUSS, v. to kiss. See Buss, ante.
About 1420.
SIR THOMAS MORE. About 1500.
SHAKSPERE. 1609.
TENNYSON. 1842.
Lende me your praty mouth, madame, I wis dere hert to basse it swete A twyse
or thryse or that I die.
Ritson: Harleian MS., temp. Hen. V. Thys good minde, good Lord, will I keepe
styll, and never let it fall out of my hart al the while that I lye bassing
with Besse. Workes, p. 557.
Ulysses: For yonder wals that pertly front your towne, [the clouds,
Yond towers, whose wanton tops do bwse Must kisse their owne feet.
Troylus and Cressida, iv. 5>! “J9$ Buss me, thou rough sketch of man,
Far too naked to be shamed! Vision of Sin.
BUTCH, v. to kill animals for food, as a butcher does.
COLL. USE. He use't to be a farmer, but he butches neaw.
1875.
BUTTLE, v. to pour out drink. Probably buttle originally meant a pitcher, and
is a dimin. of A.S. byt, a flagon or bottle.
"Come," said Enoch, takingup the pitcher, "we'n buttle once
reawnd again." Besom Ben, c. vi. p. 78.
The broad village green buttled round its cheap delights, in pitchers of
home-brewed, innocent of any notion of inebriety. Marlocks of Merriton, p. 5.
“Buttle out, free!” cried Giles to the servants, "an look after these
plates! "Old Cronies, c. iii. p. 34.
WAUGH. 1865.
B. BKIERLEY.
1867.
WAUGH. 1875$$
BUTTY, sb. a confederate.
BUTTY, sb. a slice of bread and butter.
COLL. USE. Here, little lad, con ta ate a butty?
1875.
JOHN SCHOLES. Awm us fond o' fun us a chilt is ov a traycle butter - l8 57$
cake. Jaunt to see tti 1 Queen, p. 6.
WAUGH. Aw remember thi mother ga' mo a traycle butter- cake an' a hawp'ny
when aw geet tho whoam.
Besom Ben, p. 43.
5UZZERT, sb. a moth or butterfly, the cockchafer. Mr. Wedgwood says: “The
name buzzard is given to a beetle from the buzzing sound of its flight, and
it is to be thus understood in the expression blind buzzard. We also say, as
blind as a beetle, as heedless as a cockchafer, from the blind way in which
they
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3793) (tudalen 064)
|
64 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
fly against one." On the other hand, it is certain that bosarde in the Rum.
of Rose, 4033, meant a hawk; O. Fr. busard. Mr. Wedgwood's suggestion lacks
proof.
COLL. USE. He's olez after buzzerts and things.
1875.
BYNG, v. to bewitch.
HARLAND. A year ot ill-luck comes. . . . The milk is
l86 7$ bynged or will not churn, though a hot poker has
been used to spoil the witchery. Lancashire Folklore: East Lane.
Superstitions, p. 165.
BYRE, sb. a cowhouse. A.S. bur; Icel. bur.
WAUGH. He ["Wonderful Walker"] fed an' looked after
l8 74$ his own cattle; he cleaned his own byre.
Jannock, c. viii. p 83.
BYZEN, adj. blind. A.S. bissn, blind.
1250. Lamech ledde long lif til than
That he wurth bisne, and haued a man That ledde him ofte wudes ner.
Story of Genesis and Exodus, 1. 471.
UDALL. Thys manne was not purblynde, or a lyttle appayred
I 5 6 - and decayed in syght, but as bysome as was possible
to be. Marke, c. 8.
SHAKSPERE. First Player: But who, O who, had seen the mobled
l6 3$ queen, [the flame
Run bare-foot up and downe, threatning With bisson rheume.
Hamlet, ii. 2, 524.
IBID. Coriolanus: How shall this bisson multitude digest
1623. The senate's courtesie?
Coriolanus, iii. I, 131.
COLLIER. ^11 Englandshire'll think at yoar glenting at toose
fratching, byzen, craddingly tykes. Works, p. xxxix.
BYZEN (N. Lane.), sb. an example; also, a sign or spectacle in the sense of
warning, an example to be avoided. A.S. bysen, an example; bysenian, to give
an example; bysenung, a resemblance. Cf. Icel. by'sn, a strange and
portentous thing.
NORTHUMB. DIALECT. And of child Jesus bisen take.
X 33o- Met. Homilies, p. no
HAMPOLE, Yhit ]>e bodys of )>e world )>air kynde,
134 “ Shewes us for bisens to haf in mynde,
How we suld serve God in our kynde here.
Pricke of Conscience, 1. 1026.
WAUGH. What it'll be a sham [shame] an' a bizen if we
l8 74$ connot find him a menseful bit of a dinner.
Jannock, c. ii. p. 13.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3794) (tudalen 065)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
c
CAAKERS (N. Lane.), \ sb.pl. iron rims on the under side of CAWKERS (Mid.
Lane.), V wooden-soled shoes. Prob. it means CAWKINS (East Lane.), J
treaders; cf. Lat. calcare, to tread; Gael, calc, to ram, drive. The Mid. E.
cauke, = to tread, occurs in Piers Plowman, xi., 1. 350; and B-text, xii., 1.
229. See Calkins in Nares and Halliwell. Nares gives “Calkyns or Calkins,
apparently from calx, a heel; the hinder parts of a horse-shoe, which are
sometimes turned up." He adds two illustrations, one from Holinshed's
Hist, of Scot., sign. U. 3 b.; the other from the Two Noble Kinsmen, v. 4.
See also Cawker in Brockett's N. C. Gloss.
bound with iron. See CAAKERS.
CADGE, v. to beg; to skulk about a neighbourhood. CADGER, sb. one who skulks
about for a living.
COLL. USE. Well, wi' wortchin' a bit an' cadgin 1 a bit, he maks
l8?5$ out t' best road he con.
CADGE, v. to tie or bind a thing.
CADGE, v. to stuff the belly. Cf. ^^-belly = a full fat belly. (Halliwell.)
While I'r busy cadging mey wem, hoo towd me hoo lipp'nt hur feather wur
turn't strackling.
Works, 68.
CAFF (N. Lane.), sb. chaff, refuse. A.S. ceaf; Du. kaf.
HAMPOLE. For als fyre )>at caffe son may bryn
X 34' Gold may melt )>at es lang J?ar-in.
P.ofC., 1.3U8.
SIR DAVID LYNDESAY. Cum down dastart and gang sell draff, X 535' I understand
nocht quhat thow said;
Thy words war nouther corne nor caff; I wald thy toung agane war laide.
Satyre of the Thrie Estaits. 1440. [In the sense of refuse.]
Caffe of creatours alle, thow curssede wriche!
Morte Arthur e, 1. 1064.
CAFFEL (N. Lane.) v. to entangle. Icel. kefla, to gag; kefli, a gag. Mid. E.
kevel, a gag.
CALD (N. Lane.), i. and adj. cold. A.S. ceald, cdld; Icel. kaldr.
HAMPOLE. For now es cald, now es hete,
I 34$ Now es dry, and now PS wete.
Pricke of Conscience, 1 1438.
COLLIER. 1750-
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3795) (tudalen 066)
|
66 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
HAMPOLE. And I fand Ihesus wery in J>e way, turment with
J 34o. hungre, thirste, and calde. Prose Tracts, p. 5.
WEST-MID. DIAL. (Lane.) T> y corse i n e i o t mo t calder keue.
'3 60 - E. Eng. AM. Poems, A, 1. 320.
A. C. GIBSON. it was a cald, sleety, slattery sooart of a day.
(Dialect ofJKgh Furness). Folk-Sptech of Cumberland, p. 68.
CALE, sb. a turn in rotation. Cf. Icel. kail, a call, a calling on, a
claim.
WAUGH. There's a deal on 'em 'ud go deawn afore me.
l8 57$ Aw'd may somebody howd back whol their cate
coom! Lane. Sketches: “Bury to Rochdale," p. 32.
JOHN SCHOLES. Th' Prince o' Wales comes next: he'll ha' th'
l8s7 “ creawn when his cale comes.
Jaunt to see th' Queen, p. 41.
CALE, v. to supersede unjustly; to take a place, turn, or opportunity from a
person by force or fraud.
COLL. USB. It's noan reet; aw've bin waitiri' moor nor an
l8 7S- hour, an' he's gone in and caled mi.
CALF-LICK, ) sb. a word used to describe the hair on the fore- CAUVE-LICK, f
head when it lies obstinately backwards.
COLL. USB. Yo' may comm his yure as yo' like, but it'll noan
l8 75$ lie down; he's a cauve-lick, like his fayther.
CALLET (N. Lane.) sb. a drab, a dirty woman; a contemptuous term for a woman.
Cf. Gael, caile, a quean; cailleach, an old woman.
BEN JONSON. Mos: What is the injurie, lady?
l6 5$ Lady: Why, the callet
You told me of, here I have tane disguis'd.
Volpone, iv. 3. A cattat
SHAKSPEEE. -Of boundlesse tongue, who late hath beat her husband
i6n. And now bayts me. Winter's T., iii. 3, 90
[See also "base borne callot as she is," Second Hen. VI., i. 3, 86;
"to make this shamelesse callet know her selfe," Third Hen. VI, ii.
i, 145; "a beggar in his drinke could not have laid such termes upon his
callet," Othello, iv. 2, 120.]
CALLIERD (Fylde), sb. a hard blue stone. Cf. Catyon, rounde stone. Rudus. Hie
rudus esto lapis, durus, pariterque rotundus. (Prompt. Parv.) Mr. Way, the
editor, in a note, says: “In the accounts of the churchwardens of Walden,
Essex, in 1466$7, among the costs of making the porch, is a charge ' for the
foundacyons, and calyon, and sonde.' Hist, of Audley End, p. 225. Among the
disbursements at Little Saxham hall, in 1505, is one to the chief mason, for
the foundation within the
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3796) (tudalen 067)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
6 7
inner part of the moat, 'to be wrought with calyons and breke.' Rokewode's
Hundred of Thingoe, 141," Cf. Fr. caillon, a flint; Welsh callestr,
flint; W. cellt, a flint-stone. Although this is marked as a Fylde word,
there is a country place near Rochdale called “Th' Callierds."
CAM, sb. contradiction, crooked argument. Welsh cam, sb. an injury, wrong.
Sicinius [referring to the crooked reasoning of Menenius Agrippa]: This is
cleane kamme.
Brutus ' Meerely awry.
Carlo., act iii., sc. I, 1. 304.
SHAKSPERE. 1623.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
1. When he meets wi cam there's no good to be done,
2. It's clean cam, an' nowt else.
CAM, v. to wear awry: generally applied to a shoe. Welsh cam, crooked.
When I was a lad, an old cobbler, who mended my shoes, used constantly to
charge me with what he called a sad trick of "camming" them, which
meant wearing them out of shape, either at the heel or at the side. Lect.
Lane. Dialect, 7.
He cams his shoon at th' heel.
REV'. W. GASKELL. 1854$
COLL. USE. 1875$$
CAM, v. to cross or contradict; to oppose veXatiously; to quarrel. Welsh cam,
sb. an injury; camu, to bend.
COLL. USE. I'll cam him, an' get up his temper.
CAMMED (South Lane.), ) adj. and adv. crooked; also, bad- CAIMT (North and E.
Lane.). ) tempered, ill-natured. W. cam, crooked; camu, to bend. A cammed
nose in Mid. E. - a flat nose. Cf. "M0/”hores" = crooked rough
hairs, Early Eng. Allit. Poems, B, 1. 1695. Chaucer, in the Reeves Tale (1.
14), has "round was his face, and camois was his nose," i.e.
crooked or curved was his nose; again, Reeves Tale, 1. 54,
This wench e thikke and wel i-growen was, With camoys nose, and eyghen gray
as glas.
Cf. also, Morecambe Bay = the crooked sea bay; Cam, the crooked river;
Camden, the crooked wooded vale.
Good lorjus deys! it's not to tell heaw cammed things con happ'n! Works, 6r.
Cammed is an epithet which is often applied to a temper tha”t is not quite so
even and straight as it should be, as "Eh! hoo's in a terrible cammed
humour to-day!" Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 7.
I doubt this bit o' supper hasn't agreed wi' tho very weel, for thou'rt
gettin' cammed as a crushed whisket. Old Cronies, c. vi., p. 60.
COLLIER. 1750.
REV. W. GASKELL. 1854.
WAVGH. 1875$$
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3797) (tudalen 068)
|
68 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CAMPERKNOWS, sb. ale pottage, in which are put milk, sugar 7 and spices.
CAMPLE (N. and S. E. Lanc.),| v. to retort, to contend. W. and CEMPLE (E.
Lane.), ) A.S. camp, Sw. kamp, a conflict.
W. campio, to strive at games; Mid. E. kempe, to strive, to fight.
“There es no kynge undire Criste may kempe with hym one."
(Morte A rthure, 2633.) A.S. cempa, Mid. E. kempe, a soldier,
champion. Ger. kampeln, to debate, dispute.
WAUGH. “Ger off witho, Ben, do!" replied Betty.” Thae'll
l86 7$ ston here o' day eamplin an' talkin thi stuff!”
Oiud Blanket, c. i., p. 25.
IBID. Then Nan lost no time, but coom back to hersel';
l875 “ An' hoo cample 1 1 an' snapt, as no mortal can tell;
An' poor Turn o' Fobs soon found out that his wife, Though an angel at first,
wur a divul for life.
Old Cronies, c. v., p. .51.
CAMPLE, sb. a chat, a conversation.
WAUGH, "Well," said she, "drop in some day th' next
week, iv yor this gate on. Yo know aw've no neighbours to have a bit ov a
cample to."
Tattlin Matty, c. ii., p. 23.
CAMRIL, ) sb. the lower part of a horse's leg. Cf. W.
CAMMEREL (Fylde), j cambren, a crooked stick. Mid. E. gambrd, a bent stick;
from cam, crooked.
COLL. USE. Hit it o r er th' camril an it'll goo.
1875$$
CANDLE-BARK (Fylde}, > sb. a candle-box. See Bark in CANNEL-BARK (N.
Lane.),) Brockett's Glossary.
CANK, v. to talk, to chatter. Cf. Icel. kank, gibes; kankast, v. to jeer,
gibe.
JOHN SCHOLES. Peg Yep and me wur suyne awhoam, un mony o'
l8s7 ' pleasant cank win had o'er eawr jaunt, bith' fire-side
sin. Jaunt to see th? Queen, p. 61.
B. BRIERLEY. Well, aw'll just have a bit of a cank wi' thee, as
theau maks so mich trouble.
Red Windows Hall, c. xiv., p. 108.
. ill-natured. Lat. cancer.
JOHN SKELTON. He rages and he raues,
And cals them cankerd knaves.
Poems: "Why come ye nat to Courte?" 1. 331.
WAUGH. Aw think hoo > s a bit cankert fe th owd besom,”
said the landlord. “Cankert? Eh, aw think hoo is. Yo should hear her when
she's in a tantrum” “Then her ailment hasn't touched her tung, like?"
continued the landlord. "Tung! no! Aw believe she'll talk in her
coffin."
Ben an th? Bantam, c. v., p. 78.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3798) (tudalen 069)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
69
CANKIN'-PLECK, sb. a place to chat in. Cf. A.S. pfac, a space.
COLLIER. Boh here's a fine droy canking-pleck under this thurn.
'75' Works, p. 41.
WAUGH. Come, owd lad, let's wind a bit! There's a nice
I8 74> . conkin'-pleck bi th' side o' th' well, here. What
saysto!
Chimney Corner: Manchester Critic, May 2.
CANNEL-BONE (N. Lane.), sb. the collar bone.
"72. The squrd [sword] squappes in toe,
His canel-bone allsoe,
And clevet his schild clene. Met. Rom., p 19
CANT, ) adj. cheerful, lively, comfortable, chatty; very old but
) , j
CANTY, j in good health. Mid. E. cant, bold, vigorous. LAUEENCB MINOT. pe
King of Berne was cant and kene,
13581
1440. BURNS.
Bot >are he left both play and pride.
Sp. E. Eng., p. 137, 1. 107. A kaunte herte. Morte Arthurs, 1. 2195.
Contented wi' little, and cantie wi' mair.
p oe ^ Works, Aldine Ed. ii., p. 253.
Miss LAHEB.
l86 s-
““ Hoo's a gradely cant owd lass, an' can tell some rum skits," says my
mother.
Betty o> Yeps Tale, p. 3.
The farmer's wife came to the door. She was about sixty-five years of age;
but she was a fine, healthy, cheerful woman still . . . round, and sound, and
as fresh-coloured as a well-grown apple. "Hoo is yon, sitho," said
the old farmer, "hoo is yon as fant as a kitlin'."
Sneck-Bant, c. iv., p. 76.
CANTLE, sb. a canfull.
CANTLE, sb. a piece of anything. Mid. E. cantie, O. F. chantel, Dan. kant, an
edge, border; It. 'canto, a side, corner. Cf. W. cant, a rim or edge of a
circle.
For nature hath nat take his bygynnyng Of no partye ne cantel of a thing, But
of a thing that parfyt is and stable.
Knightes Tale, 1. 2149. There armours forged were of metal frail, On ev'ry
side a massy cantel flies. Tasso, vi., 48. Hotspur . See, how this River
conies me cranking in, And cuts me from the best of all my land, A huge halfe
Moone, a monstrous cantie out.
First K. Hen. IV., iii. I, 98. Scarus: The greater cantie of the world is
lost
With very ignorance; we have kist away Kingdomes and provinces.
Ant. 6 Cleo., iii. 10, 4. Do you remember
The cantel of immortal cheese ye carried with ye? Quten of Corinth, iL
CHAUCER.
FAIRFAX.
SHAKSPERE. J 59 8 -
IBID. 3>
BEAUMONT & FLETCHER. I600-X625.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3799) (tudalen 070)
|
7Q LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CAP, ) v. to out-do, to surpass, to astonish, to crown. Cf. Welsh COP, j cop,
top; A.S. copp, cop, head, top.
SHAKSPERE. Orleance: III will never sayd well.
1600. Constable of France: I will cap that proverbe with,
There is flatterie in friendship.
K. Hen, V., iii. 7, 123.
WAUGH. Eawr Johnny gi's his mind to books;
l8s 9$ Eawr Abram studies plants,
He caps the dule for moss an' ferns,
An' grooin' polyants. Lane. Songs, p 47.
IBID. “Well," said Twitchel, "it caps o', iv th' maister's
l86 S- taen it into his yed to goo into th' jackass line!”
Besom Ben, c. ii., p, 26. Miss LAHEE. Well, that caps o' at ever aw yerd.
1865. Carter's Struggles, p. 60.
DR. H. BARBER. It's a queerly mannisht job, an caps many a yan.
1870. Furness Folk, 22.
CAP-RIVER, sb. a termagant Lit. a cap-tearer.
WAUGH. He's a terrible hen-peckt chap, too, for their Sally's
l8 73$ a gradely cap-river when hoo starts.
Chimney Corner: Manchester Critic, May 17.
CAPPEL, sb. a patch on a shoe. Lit. a small cap.
COLL. USE. Nay, that shoe's noan done yet; thae mun get a
l3 75” cappel put on it.
CAPPER, sb. something which another cannot do; something which cannot be
excelled. See CAP.
WAUGH. "Well, "said Betty, as she stirred the fire, after
Ben had disappeared, “that's a capper of a tale, as heaw!” Sneck-Bant, c. i.,
p. 9.
COLL. USE. That's a capper for him, an' no mistake.
1875.
CARKIN' v. to talk in an anxious or harassing manner; pertinacious grumbling.
Welsh care, care.
CARLIN'S, sb. boiled peas. Brockett says, “In the North carlings are served
at table on the second Sunday before Easter, called Carling Sunday, formerly
denominated Care Sunday, as Care Friday and Care Week were Good Friday and
Holy Week; supposed to be so called from being a season of great religious
care and anxiety."
CARR, sb. a marshy place; a flat, low-lying land. Dan. ktzr, a marshy place.
Cf. Sc. carse. See N. and Q. 4th s., vols. xi. and xii. for discussion on
carr, as connected with names of places in the Northern counties and
Lincolnshire. There is a place called Gatley Carrs a few miles south of
Manchester.
CARRWATER, sb. red peaty water.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3800) (tudalen 071)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 71
CARRY, adj. red, peaty.
CARRY-PLECK, sb. a place boggy with carrwater. Cf. A.S. plac, a space.
CART-SWOE (Fylde), sb. the rut made by a cartwheel. Cf. A.S. swcsth, a track.
CAT (E. Lane.). ) ,
CATTY (N Lane \ \ game played with a small piece of wood.
CATTER, v. to lay up money, to thrive. Cf. Sc. cater, money; Eng. cater , to
provide; O. Fr. acater; Fr. acheter.
CAUSEY, sb. a sidewalk.
CAWVE(S.Lanc),) , calf CAWF (E. Lane.), J ^ a calL
COLLIER. On me kawve (the dule bore eawt it een for meh)
took th' tit for it mother, on woud need seawk her.
Works, p. 41.
B. BRIERLEY Theau fastened on me like a clemmed leech, or as
a hungry cawve does its moather.
Fratchingtons, c. iii., p. 35.
CECKLE (c hard), v. to retort impertinently; to laugh derisively. Lit. to
cackle.
CECKLY (Mid. E. and S. Lane.),)
COCKLY (North Lane.), “ } a ^ unstead ^ uneven '
CEFFLE (c hard), v. to cough slightly and sharply. A dimin. of cough.
CHAFF, v. to chew.
CHAFFS (N. Lane,), } sb. pi jaw bones. A.S. ceaflas, jaws; Icel.
CHUFFS (S. Lane.), ) kjaptr, the mouth, jaws; Dan. kjaft> jaw; Sanskr.
jambha, the jaws. Mid. Eng. chaff, jaw; chaft-ban t jaw-bone.
CHANG (N. and E. Lane.), sb. noisy talk.
CHAP, sb. a man; also a sweetheart. Mid. E. chapman.
DR. JOHN BYROM For you are to consider, these critical chaps
. I7S ' Do not like to be snubb'd; you may venture, perhaps,
An amendment where they can see somewhat amiss; But may raise their ill
blood, if you circulate this. Misc. Poems, vol. i, p. 214.
N. LANC. DIALECT. Thear was ya chap weaven some red stript stuff,
l822< like Betty Dixon window cortans j and another chap
was meakan a thing like a girt lang sile.
Lonsdale Magazine, iii., p. 339. JOHN SCHOLES. There wur women un' fellis, un
lasses un their chaps.
Jaunt, p. 15.
WAUGH. I geet croppen into th' kitchen, amung a rook o'
l8 74$ chaps fro th' moor-ends.
Chimney Corner: Manchester Critic; Aug. 14
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3801) (tudalen 072)
|
72 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CHAPPIN', sb. courting; applied to a woman.
B. BRIERLEY. “Matty," said he, “heaw is it theau's ne'er begun
o' chappin yet?" "What's that yo sen, Sam?" said Matty,
without turning to her interrogator, as ir the question did not interest her.
“Heaw is it theau's ne'er begun o' cooartin'?" “Nob'dy's ne'er axt me j
that's heaw it is," was the ready and unexpected reply. Marlocks of
Merriton, p. 15.
CHAR, \ v. to work at occasional jobs; applied to house work. CHARE,) A chare
(not used in Lancashire as a sb.) is a turn of work. A.S. eyre, a turn;
cerran, Du. keercn, to turn; Gael, car, turn, twist. Swiss, es ist mi cheer,
it is my turn; cher urn cher, in turns, turn about. See Wedgwood. TWELFTH
CENTURY. Wiken and cherres [= services and turns].
0. E. Horn., First Series, p. 137. WIST-MID. DIALECT. Thou schal cheve to the
grene chapel, thy charres
to make. Sir G. &> G. Knight, 1. 1674.
SHAKSPBRE. Cleopatra: Commanded
l6 8 - By such poore passion as the maid that milkes
And does the meanest chares.
Ant. & Chop., iv. 15, 1. 73.
COLL. USE. Hoo weshes for th' folk at th' Rectory, and chars
1875 for a day now and then.
CHAR, v. to stop or turn back. A.S. cerran, Mid. E. cherren, to turn. To turn
(cf. E. churn) is the primary meaning. Cf. ajar, older form &-char,
QM-char.
TWELFTH CENTURY. Hwan ic a3en cherre [return] .
O. Eng. Horn., First Series, p. 79.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) Bi that I charre hider [= by that I return hither].
'S 20 - Sir Gawayne & G. K., 1. 1678.
CHAT (Mid. and E. Lane.), sb. a small potato.
CHATS )
CHATWOOD,) sb ' sma11 twigs for ^ting fires - CHATS, sb. the catkins of the
maple and other trees. Cf. pe chattes of hasele. Voiage of Maundevile, ed.
Halliwell, p. 168. F. chat, a cat. Catkin is the dimin. of cat.
CHATTER-BASKET, sb. an incessant talker; gen. appl. to a child. COLL. USE.
Come, little chatter-basket, it's toime for bed.
CHASE (E. Lane.), j b h CHASS (N. Lane.), f “' hurry '
COLL. USE. Wot are yo in sich a chase for?
1875$$
CHAW, | v. to chew. A.S. cebwan, Mid. E. chcowen, to chew. The CHOW, ) form
chaw t says Nares, occurs in the version of the Bible
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3802) (tudalen 073)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 73
of 1611 (Ezek. xxix. 4, xxxviii. 4), but the spelling was altered without remark
early in the eighteenth century. Dryden used both forms, chaw and chew.
1440- Chowynge (or chewynge), masticacio.
Prompt. P.irv. SPENSRR. And next to nim ma ii c i ous Envie rode
Upon a ravenous wolfe, and still did chaw “ Between his cankred teeth a
venmous tode, That all the poison ran about his chaw; And inwardly he chawed
his own maw At neighbours welth, that made him ever sad.
F. Q. b. i., c. iv. st. 30.
IBID This with sharpe teeth the bramble leaves doth lop,
And chaw the tender prickles in her cud.
Gnat, st. n.
DRYDEN- This pious cheat, that never sucked the blood
'70' Nor chawed the flesh of lambs, but when he could.
The Cock and the Fox, 1. 484.
COLL. USE. What's to do? Thae looks as if thae'd fair chaw
me up.
CHEAN (S. Lane.), sb. a woollen warp.
CHEEP, v. to chirp; to make a slight sound; to tell only a little. Cf. Sc.
chieper, a cricket.
WAUGH. Aw couldn't find i' heart or mind
1859. To cheep o' weddin' for a while.
Lane. Songs , Bonny Nan, p. 64.
He'll sit by th' fire, hour after hour, an never cheep. But, eh, yo should
yer him when he's had a gill or two. Tattlin” Matty, c. i., p. 10.
CHEWTER-YED (E. Lane.), ) , w ,, , CHOWTER-YED (Mid. Lane.),} sb ' a
blockhead '
CHIEVE, v. to prosper, to thrive, to succeed. Mid. E. cheve, from Fr. chevir,
to compass, manage.
LANGLAND. And somme chosen chaffare; they cheven the bettere,
As it semeth to owre sight that such men thryveth.
Piers Plowman: Prologue, 1. 31.
CHAUCER. He took out of his oughne sleeve
I 3 8o A teyne of silver (evil mot he cheeve!J
Chanounes Yemannes Tale, 1, 213.
CHIG (E. and N. Lane.), v. to chew. Cf. Vf.cegio, to mouth; Gael. cagainn, to
chew.
COLL. USE. i, I've gin him sommat to chig.
2. Let him chig that.
CHIG (Fylde), v. to remove the stalks from gooseberries.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3803) (tudalen 074)
|
74
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
OHILDER }
' I sb.pl. children. A.S. did, pi. cildra, sometimes cildru.
ORRMIN.
NORTHUMB. DIALECT.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.)
HAMPOLE,
X 34$ WVCLIF.
I 3 8 -
“Orrmin (whose book, the metrical paraphrase of the Gospels, is the most
Danish poem ever written in England, that has come down to us) uses chilldre
for the plural of child. Our corrupt plural children came from the south, as
did also brethren and kine.
Oliphant^s Standard English, pp. 93 and 102. O f mouth of childer and soukand
Made >ow lof in ilka land For J>i faes. Northumbrian Psalter^ Ps. via.,
1. 5.
(Surtees Society.)
Nay, frayst I no fy 3 t, i fayth I ]>e telle, Hit arn aboute on ]>is
bench bot berdle3 chylder.
Sir Gawayne &” G. K., 279.
Thay ere lyke unto the childir that rynnes aftere buttyrflyes. Prose
Treatises, p. 39.
Forsothe the childer, wymmen, and the 5elclingus wenten in, and tolden to
hir. Esther iv. 4.
WAUGH. God bless tho, my lass; aw'll go whoam,
l8 5 8> An aw'll kiss thee an th' childer o' reawnd.
“““““
But aw've no gradely comfort, my lass, Except wi' yon childer and thee.
Lane. Songs: “Come whoam to thi childer an me," p. 7.
CHILDERS'-DAY (Fylde), sb. Innocents' Day.
WAUGH. 1855$
JOHN SCHOLES. 1857$
CHIMBLEY, CHIMDY,
WAUGH.
B. BRIERLEY. l868<
Besides, he's somebory's chylt, an' somebory likes him too, aw'll uphowd him.
Lane. Sketches, p. 27. Then hoo dipt chili in hur arms. Jaunt, p. 59.
Turn Rindle lope fro' the chimbley nook
As th' winter sun wur sinkin.
Lane. Songs: “Turn Rindle," p. 69.
A church wi a ckimdy o'th top ud be moore i' thy road, aw think.
Fratchingtons, c. iv. , p. 48.
CHINCOUGH, sb. the whooping cough. Cf. Sw. kik-hosta, G keich-husten, Du.
kieck-hoest, kink-hoest, the whooping cough, from the sharp chinking sound by
which it is accompanied. To chink with laughter, to lose one's breath with
laughter and make a crowing sound on recovering breath. Wedgwood.
Yo'.mun tak him onto th' Whoite-Moss every day if yo' want'n t' cure him o'
that chin-cough.
COLL. USE. l8?s '
CHINK, v. to lose one's breath with coughing or laughter.
He fair chinked again.
COLL. USE. 1875.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3804) (tudalen 075)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 75
CHIP (N. Lane.), v. to trip a person up. Icel. kippa, W. cipio> to pull or
snatch. Cf. Du. kippen, to seize.
C HITTER (E. and N. Lane.), v, to talk quickly. A dimin. of chatter. Mid. E.
chiter, to chirp as birds to.
WYCLIF. These hethen men, the londe of which thou schalt
Is8 ' welde, heren hem that worchen by chiteryng of
briddys. Dent, xviii. 14.
CHAUCER. They may wel chiteren, as doon those iayes.
1386. r “ “ “ “ “
But to her purpos schal thay never atteyne.
Chanoune Yemannes Tale, 1. 386. Z 44o- Chyteryn as byrdys, supra in chaterynge.
Prompt. Parv.
CHITTY (E. and N. Lane.), sb. a cat; also, the wren, commonly called
Chitty-wer-wren.
CHITTY (S. Lane.), sb. the lesser red-poll linnet. In Manchester and the
suburbs it is also called the greybob.
CHITTY-FACE, sb. a child with soft sleek cheeks.
CHOCK, sb. a wedge for fastening the cart to the shafts.
COLL. USE. Put thoose chocks in an' let's be gooin'.
1875.
CHOCK-FULL, adv. full to choking, i.e. to the cheeks. Mid. E. cheke-ful,
choke-full, from A.S. ceoce, Mid. E. cheke, cheek.
1440. Charotte3 chokkefulle chargyde with golde.
Morte Arthure, 1552.
COLL. USE. He's chock-full o' nowtiness.
1875.
CHOLES, sb. pi. the jaws. A.S. ceole, the jaw, throat.
MIDLAND DIALECT. Blowen bretfull of bre>, and as a bagge honged
J 39 4> On bo>en his chekes, and his chyn \vi> a chol lollede
Peres the Ploughman's Crede, 223. 144” Chavylbone or <r/fow//-bone,
mandibula.
Prompt. Parv.
[See also, Chaul, Alisaunder of Macedoine, ed. Skeat, 1119; Choule, Poems of
John Audeley [Shropshire, 1426], 77; Chaules, Mapes Latin Poems, ed. Wright,
338; Chawle^, E. Eng. Allit. Poems, c. 268 (West Mid. Dial., 1360).]
WAUGH. Are yo noan flayed o' throwing yor choles off th'
hinges 1Lanc. Sketches: Buiy to Rochdale, p. 30.
IBID. Ay, it's a grand meawth; and a rook o' th' prattiest
lS 57$ teeth ut ever wur pegged into a pair o' choles!
Lane. Sketches: Birthplace of Tim Bobbin, p. 80.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3805) (tudalen 076)
|
76 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CHOMP } V ' f heW> E ' cham f'
COLL. USE. He looks as if he wur awlus chommin 1 summut in
l8 7S- his meawth.
CHOUP (N. Lane.), sb. the bright red fruit of the dog-rose (Rosa canina).
J. P. MORRIS. Her cheeks were rosy as a choup t
Her een wi' luvv was breet. Maggie Bell.
CHOVE, v. to wear by friction.
COLL. USE. It's getten choved at th' edges.
1875.
CHOTTY, sb. a blockhead.
CHUCK, sb. a hen. Cf. E. chick; A.S. cyan.
COLL. USE. Thoose chttcks are i'th garden again.
CHUCK, sb. a term of affection for a child or a woman.
SHAKSPERE. Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck.
“ 6l - Macbeth, iii. 2, 45.
COLL. USE. Come, my little chuck, let mammy put it to bed.
CHUCK, v. to throw.
COLL. USE. Get into th' water, aw tell thi. If thae doesn't,
'875$ aw'll chuck thi in!
CHUFFIN-YED, sb. a blockhead.
149$ Choffe or chuffe, rusticus. Prompt. Parv.
NASH, That these men by their mechanicall trades should
J 59 2 - come to be sparage gentlemen and chtiff-headea
burghomasters. Pierce Penilesse.
SHAKSPERE. Falstaff: Are ye undone? No, ye fat chuffes; I
I S9 8 - would your store were heere.
First K. Hen. IV., ii. 2, 93.
CHUNNER, v. to grumble in a low tone, to murmur.
JOHN SCHOLES. Bob wur chunnerirf summut to hissel abeawt th'
l857 “principul o' perpettyul motion. Jaunt, p. 31.
CHURN (N. Lane.), sb. the daffodil.
CHURN-GETTIN' (S. Lane.), sb. a night feast after harvest.
WAU GH. A company of haymakers, on their way home from
18661 a “churn-gettin” as the hay-harvest supper is
called came up the road.
Ben an th” Bantam, c. vi., p. 118.
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3806) (tudalen 077)
|
77
WAUGH.
1868.
IBID. 1869.
CHURN-MILK (S. Lane.), sb. milk after the butter has been taken from it j
buttermilk.
WAUGH. There wur a chap stonnin' at a shop-dur, at th'
l86 7$ side ov a mug-full o' churn-milk.
Owd Blanket, c. iii., p. 76.
COLL. USE. “What has to had for thi dinner?” “Nowt but
l8 75$ a 'tatoe and a sope o' churn-milk?
CHURN-SUPPER, sb., an evening feast to celebrate the close of the hay
harvest. See CHURN-GETTIN'.
We're o' up to th' neck, gettin ready for th' churn-supper. Sneck-Bant, c.
iv., p. 81.
The fiddler had been specially invited to enliven the rustic gathering which
thronged the old house at Th' Nine Oaks Farm at the annual chtirn-supper, as
the feast of the hay harvest is called in South Lancashire. The churn-supper
at Nine Oaks was famous all over the Forest of Rossendale, no less on account
of the number of the guests and the bounty of the cheer, than on account of
the presence of a minstrel so well known and so universally welcome as Dan o'
Tootlers was in those days. Yeth-Bobs, c. i., p. 15$
CHURN-YED, sb. (pron. of Churn-head), a person of confused wits.
WAUGH. Nea, then, Twitch, has thae no moor sense nor
botherin' wi' sich a churn-yed as that?
Ben an W Bantam, c. v., p 97.
CHYLT-LITTLE, sb. childhood.
WAUGH. In a bit, we wur as thick as iv we'd every one bin
l86 9$ mates together fro' chylt-little.
Yeth-Bobs, c. ii , p. 34.
CIPHER, sb. an insignificant person; also, a -name given to an assistant
operative in a cotton mill.
CLAAK, v. to catch hold of, to clutch. Mid. E. dechen, cleken.
Sir Clegis clynges in and clekes another.
Morte Arthure, 1. 1865.
CLACK, v. to chatter. Icel. klaka, to twitter, to chatter. 1225.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
}>u clackest oft and longe.
Owl and Nightingale, 1. 81.
Thae'rt clack clack, o' day lung.
CLACK, sb. continual chatter; a sharp sound, frequently repeated.
Miss LAHKH. Wi' that mi mother ses to me, “Do howd thi
l86 5$ clack, Betty." Betty o' Yefs Tale, p. 8.
CLAG (N. and E. Lane.), v. to adhere. A.S. clceg, sticky earth, clay; Dan.
klceg, kleg, loamy, sticky.
COLL. USE. This bread's noan hauf baked; it dags i' mi
l8 75$ meawth.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3807) (tudalen 078)
|
78 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CLAM (N. Lane.), v. to dry up, to clog up. A.S. cldm, a bandage; also clay.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) And >enne ckme hit with clay comly withinne And al
]>e endentur dryuen daube withouten.
E. Eng. Allit. Poems B, 1. 312.
CLAM-RATTAN (N. Lane.), adj. app. to a farm where the soil is poor and
unproductive. See CLEM.
CLAM-STAVE- AN'-DAUB, sb. a combination of clay or mud and sticks, used in
the making of walls. A.S. clam, clay, and staf, a staffer stick.
REV. W. GASKEI.L. Clam-stave-an 1 -daub still, in some parts of the
county, denotes the rude walls (such as are found in the East, and referred
to in the Scriptures as those which "thieves break through") made
simply of mud and sticks. Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 18.
CLANTER (N. and S. Lane.), ) v, to make a noise in walk- CLUNTER (E., S., and
Mid. Lane.), f ing.
WAUGH. Every time that aw slipt, or gav a bit ov a clunter
l86c “ again a stone, he brast eawt again.
Yetk-Bobs, ii. 33.
CLAP, .v. to put a thing in a place; to pat. G. klappen, to do anything with
a clap. To clap in E. is used in the sense of doing anything suddenly.
(Wedg.) Icel. klappa, to pat, stroke gently.
SHAKSPERE. The silly boy, believing she is dead,
Claps her pale cheek, till clapping makes it red.
Venus and Adonis, 467.
IBID. Mercutio: Thou art like one of these fellowes, that
I S97$ when he enters the confines of a Taverne, daps me
his Sword upon the Table, and sayes, God send me no need of thee. Rom. and J.
iii., i. 6.
WAUGH. j t ^j^ one o ' th' leet horse, a fine yung chap as
ever aw clapt een on. Yetk-Bobs, c. i., p. 22.
COLL. USE. i. He claps his hat deawn as if he belunged to th"
place.
2. He's chokin' -clap his back.
CLAP-BREAD, sb. a thin cake of oatmeal unleavened. Also called haver-bread.
CLAP-CAKE, sb. The same as CLAP-BREAD,
CLARTY, adj. sticky; also filthy. Cf. Mid. E. bi-clarten, to defile. Cf.
also, Du. klad, a stain, spot of dirt , kladaig, dirty, nasty, slovenly; E.
clot, clotty, clotted, etc.
NORTHUMB. DIALECT. pat spatel J>at swa \>\clarted ]>i leor. [ = That
13301 spittle that so defiled or besmeared thy face ]
O. Eng. Horn., First Series, p. 279.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3808) (tudalen 079)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 79
CLASHY (N. Lane.), adj. wet and uncomfortable, as applied to weather.
DR. BARBER. “Slashy weather, maister," I sed. “Ey, varra
clashyi" t' chap sed. Forness Folk, 39
CLAT (E. and Mid. Lane.)] sb. tiresome talk. Cf. Du. klatteren, to CLATE (S.
Lane.) ) rattle.
CLUTCH' } sb - a brood of chickens - Icel - %”%”“ to hatch - WAUCJH. It would
ha' stode (wearied) a clafck of ducks.
l868 - Sneck-Bant, c. i., p. 7.
CLAW (Fylde),
CLEAW (S. and E. Lane.), CLOOSE (N. Lane.),
sb. a floodgate in a watercourse. From Lat. daudere.
CLOW (E. and Mid. Lane.), J
1220. Water et ter mulne chise [== water at the mill-dam.]
Ancren Riivle, ed. Morton, p. 72.
Z 44o- Clowys, water schedynge (dowse, watyrkepyng;
dowse, water shettinge). Sinogloatorium.
Prompt. Parv.
CLAWK (E. and Mid. Lane.), v. to scratch. From Mid. E. claw, to scratch, or
tickle. As in Second King Hen. IV. (act ii., sc. 4, 1. 281), the Prince says
of Falstaff, “Looke, if the wither'd elder hath not his poll claw'd like a
parrot."
CLEAN, adv. entirely.
BIBLE. Is his mercy clean gone for ever?
l6l - Psalm Ixxvii. S.
WILLIAM MORRIS. Then loud they shouted, dean forgetting fear.
l868 - Jason, p. 113.
COLL. USE. Aw his brass is dean gone.
1875$$
CLEAVIN' (Cartmel), sb, the last furrow in ploughing.
CLECK, ) sb. a small catch, designed to fall into the notch of a
CLICK, ) wheel; also a door-latch. Cf. G. klinke^ klinge, a latch.
Fr. (patois of the Hainault), cliche, a latch. See Wedgwood,
Click; Clicket. Cf. W. elided, a clicket, latch, catch; Suio-Goth.
klinka, a door-bolt; Du. klink, a latch.
LANGLAND. For he hath )>e keye and J?e diket.
J 377$ Piers Plowman, B-text, v. 1. 613.
CHAUCER. This freissche May, that I spak of so yore,
Z 3 86 - In warm wex hath emprynted the diket,
That January bar of the smale wiket, With which into hys gardyn ofte he
wente, And Damyan, that knew al hir entente, The diket counterfeted prively;
Ther nys no more to save, but hastily Som wonder by this diket schal betyde,
Which ye schal heeren. if ye wol abyde.
Marchaundes Tale, 1 872.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3809) (tudalen 080)
|
CO LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CLECK, ) v. to catch at hastily. Cf. A.S. ge-lczccan, to catch, CLICK, )
seize.
About 1400. Thenne Sir Gawan bi the coler, clechis the kny3te.
E. Eng. Met. Romances, p. 73.
1440. He clekys owthe Collbrande fulle clenlyche burneschte.
Morte Arthurs, J. 2123.
Miss LAHEB. Hoo cleekt howd o' mi hond, an' away we sect to
l86 5$ ir heause. Betty o” Yeps Tale, p. 3.
DR. BARBER. She clickt t' glass off teeable an' wod gie him nowte.
l8 7$ For ness Folk, p. 33.
CLEG, sb. the gadfly. Icel. kleggi, the horse-fly.
COLL. USE (E. L.) Hoo sticks like a cleg, an' will hev it.
1875$$
CLEM (S. Lane.), \ v. to starve from want of food.
CLAM (E., Mid., and N. Lane.), j Du. klemmen, to pinch; O. L. Ger.
(b\-}klemman; O. H. Ger. (o\-}chlemmen, to clam; Du. kleumcn, to be benumbed
with cold.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) Ne best bite on no brom, ne no bent nau)>er, 'S 60
- Passe to pasture, ne pike non erbes,
Ne non ox to no hay, ne no horse to water; Al schal crye fox-clemmed.
E. Eng. Allit. P., C, 1. 392. BEN JONSON. Hard is the choice
JSQQ- When valiant men must eat their arms or clem.
Every Man out of his Humour, iii , 6. MASSINGER. My intrails
Were clamm'd with keeping a perpetual fast.
Roman Actor, ii. , 2.
LEES & COUPE. Booath clemmin, un starvin, un never a fardin,
J 79' It ud welly drive ony man mad.
Harland's Lane. Ballads: “Jone o' Grinfilt," p. 217.
-tr s ' niver, I's insuer us,
(Dialect of High Furness.) Be neeakt Qr demm “d or cald.
Folk-Speech Cumb., p. 86.
WAUGH. There's a brother o' mine lives wi' us; he'd a been
1867. clemmed into th' grave but for th' relief. Factory Folk
during the Cotton Famine, c. x., p. 92. B. BRIERLRY. Theau fastened on me
like a clemmed leech.
l868 - Fratchingtons, c iii , p. 35.
CLEWKIN, sb. twine, string. A.S. cttwe, a clew, hank; Mid. E. cleows.
B. BRIERLEV. Aw've nowt nobbut a shillin', an' some copper, an'
18671 a knife, an” a bit o' clewkin.
Marlocks of Merriton, c. ii., p. 28.
CLEWKIN'-GRIN, sb. a game-snare, made of twine. Clewkin (which see), and A.S.
grin, a snare. A grin is the true Mid. E. form; corrupted to gin, from
confusion with engine.
COLLIER. He throttlt eawr poor Teawzer in o cleivkin-grin.
X 75. Works, p, 44.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3810) (tudalen 081)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
8l
CLICK, sb. a blow. “We have the notion of a short quick movement in E. dial,
click t clink, a smart blow." (Wedgwood). Cf. Du. klink, a blow.
COLL. USE. 1875.
Be quiet, or thae'll get a click i'th ear-hole.
CLIM, v. to climb.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
See CLOM.
He dim up th' broo an' wur off like a redshank.
CLINKER, sb. a strong nail for shoes. Cf. Du. klinken, to rivet.
BAMFORD. 1850.
WAUGH. 1865.
IBID. J869$
[In Tim Bobbin's time, 1750, the men wore] very strong shoes, nailed with
clinkers, and fastened by straps and buckles.
Intro, to Ed. of Tim Bobbin, p. viii. His feet were sheathed in a pair of
clinkered ancle -jacks, as heavy, and nearly as hard, as iron.
Besom Ben, c. i., 1. 6.
“Aw'm beawn to a churn-supper at Th' Nine Oaks," said the fiddler. “Th'
dule theaw art!" replied Ben “Eh, thae will tickle yon owd clinkert
shoon o' theirs up aboon a bit!"
Yelk-Bobs, c. i., 1. 16.
CLINKER, sb. a hard metallic cinder. Du. klinker, a brick. His grate bars are
o' full o' clinkers.
COLL. USE. 1875.
CLIP, v. to embrace; to cling round the neck. A.S. clyppan, to embrace,
clasp, make much of, admire. Mid. E. clippen; Icel. klypa, to clasp.
The whiche reverently he clyppyd to hym, and with cofiis and terys watryd the
fete of the crosse
Revelation to Monk of Evesham.
Arber's Reprint, p. 25. pe cherl ful cherli )>at child tok in his armes,
And kest hit and clipped.
William of Paler ne, Sp. E. Eng. p. 140, 1. 62. For whiche ful oft ech of hem
seyde, “O swete! Clippe Ich yow thus, or elles I it meete."
Troylus and Crysede, Bk. ii., 1. 1294.
O, let me clip ye In arms as sound as when I woo'd.
Corio. I., vi., 1. 29 As a dying meteor stains a wreath Of moonlight vapour,
which the cold night clips, It flushed through his pale limbs, and passed to
its eclipse. . Adonais, st. xii.
About 1196.
ANON. 1350.
CHAUCER. 1386.
SHAKSPHRE. 1608.
SHELLEY. 1821.
WAUGH. He's gone! he's gone!
l8 7i- Aw'm lonely under th' sky!
He'll never clip my neck again An' tell me not to cry.
Lane. Songs: Willy's Grave.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3811) (tudalen 082)
|
82 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CLIPPINS, sb.pl. something cut off; used in Lancashire as applied to wool. Icel.
klippa, to cut, clip, shear; klipping, a shearing; klippiagr, a shorn
sheepskin. Dan. klippe, to cut. BAMFORD. Whilst Sir John Cop' mun sit at top,
l86 4$ Upon a seek o' clippins.
Homely Rhymes, p. 136.
CLIT-CLAT, sb. a noise made by a talkative person. Cf. Du. klikklak, the
clashing of swords.
COLL. USE. Aw con yur (hear) his dit-clat gooin' on yet, as if
l8 75$ he'd only just started.
CLOAK'N (S. Lane.),] sb. the sharp part or cramp of a horse-shoe. COAKIN (E.
Lane.), J E. calkin.
SHAKSPERE & FLETCHER. On this horse is Arcite,
About 1612. Trotting the stones of Athens, which the calkins
Did rather tell [i.e. count] than trample.
Two Noble Kinsmen, ed. Skeat, act v ,
sc. 4, 1. 54.
W - W^SKFAT. Calkins, the parts of a horseshoe which are turned
up and pointed to prevent the horse from slipping. Also spelt cawkins and
calkers. It is the diminutive of A.S. calc, a shoe, a word probably borrowed
from the Lat. calcetis. Florio explains the Italian rampone as "a calkin
in a horse's hoof to prevent him from slipping." Note on above passage
in new edition.
COLL. USE. TV mare up wi hur coakin, an knockt it deawn.
1875$$
CLOCK, sb. a beetle: generally used with a descriptive prefix, as
bracken-clock, black-clock, twitch-clock, and so forth. The entry “chuleich,
scarabaeus" occurs in an Old High Germ, gloss. See Garnett's Essays, p.
68. No such word as clock is to be found in A.S. dictionaries.
COLL. USE. Lane. Proverb: If yo kill a clock, it'll rain to-rnorn.
1875$$
CLOCKS, sb. pi. ornaments woven into a stocking.
BAMFORD. He's stockin's wi' clocks.
l8 5$ Ed. of Tim Bobbin, p. 149.
COLL. USE. Young Girl loq.: Eh! but I like <r/fov-stockin's.
1875$$
CLOD, sb. the ground. Cf. Dan. klat, a bit of ground.
WAUGH. We asked him whether the spot we were upon was
l8 S7$ Grislehurst; and he replied, “Yo're upo' th' very
clod." Lane. Sk.: Grave of Gris. Boggart, p. 204. IBID “Th' dog would
ha' toucht noan o' thee, iv thae'd
bin upo' thi own clod, ' said Sally. “Who arto?" Besom Ben, c. v. p. 54.
CLOD, v. to throw missiles. Originally clod -= clot, a lump; then to throw a
lump of something.
WAUGH. “Mistress, dun yo know at yo'fl laft a mug eawt?"
l86 7$ “Eh, ay," hoo says, "aw have." “Weil," he said;
COLL. USE. 1875$$
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3812) (tudalen 083)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 83
“hadn't yo better tak it in? There's a rook o' chaps bin cloddin” at
it." Tattlin' Matty, ii., 1. 19.
"Jem, does ta know yon felly?" "Now [no]." “Then clodd a
stone at him.”
CLOG, sb. a shoe with a wooden bottom. Cf. G. klotz, a block, log;
klotz-schuh, a wooden shoe; Wedgwood.
To Lunnon aw'll walk, wi meh clogs on meh feet.
Bal. and Songs of Lane. p. 1 74 t
Jone o' Grinfilt. Doff thi clogs and warm thi feet.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 41. CLOM, CLOMB, CLOME, CLUM,
LANC. BROAUSIDB. About 1830.
RAMSBOTTOM. 1864.
climbed.
CHAUCER. 1384.
MILTON. 1667.
WILLIAM MORRIS. 1868.
But up I clombe with alle payne.
House of Fame, bk. iii., 1 28. So clomb this first grand thief into God's
fold.
Paradise Lost, iv., 1. 192. So when she had clomb up the slippery bank And
let him go, well nigh adown she sank.
Jason, p. 17.
REV. W. GASKELL.
1854.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
The Lancashire dialect has been peculiarly reten> tive of the Anglo-Saxon
preterite, generally preferring the strong conjugation to the weak. A
Lancashire man does not say “he climbed a hill," but he “clom” it. Lect.
Lane. Dialect, p 24.
He clomb o'er th' wall, an' set off loike leetnin'.
CLOMP, | v. to make a noise in walking. Cf. Du. klomp, a log, a CLUMP, )
clog, a wooden shoe.
Dost think at aw's ha nowt for t'do, bo go clumpit? up an deawn a-seechin'
yore Tummus?
Lect Lane. Dialect, p. 29.
Deawn stairs aw clompt i' mi clogs, o' purpose to ma' Peggy yer [hear] ut aw
wur gettin' mi ready.
REV. W. GASKELL. 1854.
JOHN SCHOLES. 1857.
Jaunt, p. 14.
CLOOAS (S. Lane.), ) CLEEAZ (N. Lane.), j
COLLIKR. 1750.
LANC. BROADSIDE. About 1816.
p , , .
WAUOH. 1859.
DR. BARBER. 1870.
As I'r donning meh thwooanish [wet] clooas.
Works, p. 55.
Eawr Marget declares, if hoo'd clooas to put on, Hoo'd go up to Lunnun to see
the great mon.
Ball, and Songs of Lane.: Jone o' Grinfilt
Junior, p. 172.
So aw iron't o' my clooas reet weel, An aw hanged 'em o'th maiden to dry.
Songs: Come whoam to thi' Childer. He donn't some sailor's cleeaz an watch't
at back of a dyke till full seea. For ness Folk, p. 50.
84 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CLOOF, sb. a clough, a wooded ravine. Icel. klofi, a cleft or rift in a hill
closed at the upper end. Mid. E. clough.
1440. The cragge with cloughes fulle hye.
Morte Arthur e, 941.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3813) (tudalen 084)
|
WAUGH. "A jackass I" cried Jem. "Wheer han yo let o
r
1865. this?” ' ' We fund it powlerin abeawt i' th' cloof,
yon," replied Enoch. Besom Ben, v., p. 59.
CLOT-YED (South Lane.), ) sb. a lout, a stupid fel- CLOT-HEEAD (Mid., E., and
N. Lane.), ) low. Cf. Du. kloet, a pole; also, a booby. Dan. klods, a log;
also, a lout.
COLL USE. Let it abee, tha greyt clot-yed.
1875.
CLOUDBERRY, sb. Rubus chamcemorus , which grows on Pendle a semi-arctic
plant, which Prof. Forbes considered to belong to the glacial era. See
Murray's Handbook for Lancashire, p. 220.
PHILEMON HOLLAND. But when Ribell commeth into Lancashire . . .
l6oi> Pendelhill advanceth itselfe up to the skie with a
loftie head, and in the very top thereof bringeth forth a peculiar plant
which, as though it came out of the clowdes, they tearme clowdes-bery. Trans,
of Camden's Britain (ed. of 1637), p. 749.
CLOUT, v. to strike or beat. Du. klotsen, to strike.
COLL. USE. Aw'll clout thi yed for thi if thae'rt not off.
1875$$
CLOUT, sb. a cuff or blow with the hand.
1440- That he na gafe hym swylke a dowte.
Thornton Romances, p. 113.
SHAKSPERE. Scarus: O my brave Emperor, this is fcmght indeed,
l6 8 - Had we done so at first, we had droven them home
With clowts about their heads.
Ant. and Cleo., iv., sc. 7, 4.
COLL. USE. Give him a clout, mon, an' ha' done wi' it.
1875$$
CLOUT, sb. a piece of cloth used for domestic purposes, as dish-clout; a
patch of leather or iron. A.S. cltif, a little cloth; Mid. E. clout, clutian,
clutien, to patch. Icel. klutr, a kerchief. Dan. kind. Welsh clwt.
1280. A kevel [= gag] of clutes. Havelok, 547.
LANGLAND. They wesshen hym and wyped hym and wonden hym
J 377$ in cloutes. Piers Plowman, B-text, ii., 1. 220.
I ^' Clowte of cloth (cloute or ragge), scrutum, panni
culus, pannucia. Clowte of a schoo [= shoe], pictasium. Prompt. Part;.
A clout about that head
SHAKSPERE. "Where late the Diadem stood, and for a Robe
ick) 3 About her lanke and all ore-teamed Loines,
A blanket. hamlet, ii. 2, 1. 529.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3814) (tudalen 085)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
SHAKSPERE. 1612.
MILTON. 1634.
I thought he slept, and put
My clowted Brogues from off my feete, whose rudenesse Answered my steps too
lowd.
Cymbeline, iv. i, 1. 213.
The dull swain Treads on it daily with his clouted shoon.
Camus, 1. 634.
WAUGH. A tattered clout may lap
1869. A very noble prize;
A king may be, by hap, A beggar i' disguise.
Lane. Songs: God bless thi Silver Yure! WAUGH. I doubt there's moore clout
than dinner about this
tale o' thine. Old Cronies, c. vii., p. 67.
CLOUT-NAIL, sb, a large nail, used for fixing iron clouts on the wooden
axle-trees of carts.
CLOZZUM, v. to embrace, to hold fast, to clutch. CLOZZUMS, sb. pi. talons ,
embraces, clutches.
CLUDDER, ) v. to crowd or heap together. Welsh cludair, a pile, CLUTTER, f
little hill.
a heap \ dudeirio, to heap together; A.S. dud, a
REV. W. GASKELL. 1854.
J. P. MORRIS 1867.
COLL. USE. . 1875.
In Lancashire, when things are heaped higgledy-piggledy, it is common to say
"they're aw in a clutter" or, “they're aw cluttered together."
Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. n.
O' t' poor wimmin i' t' town cludder'd round about 'em wi' basens, pots, an
cans of o' kinds.
Invasion o 1 U^ston, p. 5.
Th' fields are aw cluttert wi' daisies.
COTGRAVE. 161 “
CLUNCH, sb. a clodhopper or boor. Cf. Dan. klunt, Du. klont, a log.
Casois, a country clown, boore, clunck, hinde.
French Dictionary.
CLUNTER-YED, sb. a stupid fellow. See above. 5'. Lfnc)! 4 La “C ' )> } “
to strain > to vomit '
COLLIER. I C on heardly tell the, I'm so whaugish [= faint,
sickly], for I'm ready t' cowfrn with th' thowts ont.
Works, p. 45.
COB, v. to excel, to surpass. A.S. cop, a cap, top; W. cop, a top.
REV. W. GASKELL. A common expression in Lancashire is, “that cobs
aw," which is equivalent to “that beats everything," the same idea.
Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 8.
1854.
COB, v. to catch, to take hold of.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
Cob howd of it mon, and dunna shoo it into th' water.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3815) (tudalen 086)
|
86 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COB, v. to strike, to throw. In Mid. Lane, to thrash, applied to the master's
punishment of boys at school. Welsh cob, a knock, thump; cobio, to knock,
thump.
REV. W. GASKELL. "When boys are throwing stones, you may often
l8 S4$ hear them say “give o'er cobbing
Led. Lane. Dialect, p. 8.
JOHN SCHOLES. Aw'll cob him into th' steyme wayter th' furst toime
l857 ' ut aw catch him gooin' o courtin' up yon lone.
Jaunt, p. 1 8.
COB, sb. something round, as a cob of coal, a cob of bread. Welsh cobyn, a
bunch, cluster.
REV. W. GASKELL. Lancashire men call a round lump of coal a "cob
54 ' of coal," and distinguish the larger pieces from the
small as "^-coal." Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 8. WAUGH. Aw've just
mended th' fire wi a cob.
Lane. Songs. "Come Whoam."
COBBLE-STONE, sb. a rounded stone.
My Gammer sure intends to be uppon her bones, With staves or with clubs, or
else with coble-stones.
Gammer Gtirtori's Needle, ii , sc. 5.
COCKERS, sb.pl stockings; hose without feet. A.S. cocer, a sheath; Du. koker,
a sheath, case, quiver.
WEST-MID. DIAL. With rent cokre^ at the kne.
J 3 60 - . Eng. Allit. Poems, B, 1. 40.
LAMGLAND. And cast on me my clothes yclouted and hole,
1377$ My coheres and my coffes for colde of my nailles.
Piers Plowman, B-text, vi , 1. 61. 144$ Cocur, boote. Ocrea, coturnus.
Prompt. Parv.
BROCKETT. There is a small place not far from Bolton, called
Duff-Cte&r, where, my friend Mr. Turner informs me, it used to be the
fashion for the country people who came from church or market to pull off
their stockings, and walk barefoot home.
Gloss. North Country Words, p. 101.
COCKLE, v. to wrinkle. Properly, like coggle, joggle, to shake or jerk up and
down, then applied to a surface thrown into hollows and projections by
partial shaking, by unequal contraction. A cockling sea is one jerked up into
short waves by contrary currents. (Wedgwood.)
COLL. USE. It's poor stuff it'll cockle th' first time thae gets it
l8?5$ rained on.
COD, sb. a husk, a pod of peas or beans. A.S. codd t a scrip, small bag; Sw.
kuddt, a sack, bag, pod; Icel. koddi, a pillow; Welsh c6d, cwd, a bag or
pouch.
CODDLE, v. to make much of, to pet, to over-nurse; also, to parboil.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3816) (tudalen 087)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COKE (N. and E. Lane.) sb. the pith of anything; the core of a fruit. Du.
kolk, a pit, hollow, whirlpool; cf. Gael, caoch^ empty, hollow.
Alle erthe by skille may likend be Til a rounde appel of a tre, That even in
myddes has a colke,
Pricke of Conscience, 1. 644.3. Tille an appylle she is lyke,
HAM POLE. 1340.
YORKSHIRE DIAL. 1450.
It is full roten inwardly, At the colke within.
Townley Mysteries, 281. COLLOCK, sb. a large pail. Cf. Icel. holla, a pot or
bowl without feet.
COLLOP, sb. a slice , a rasher of bacon. Mr. Wedgwood says: “From clop or
colp, representing the sound of a lump of something soft thrown on a flat
surface. Du. klop, It. eolpo, a blow." Cf. Sw. klappa, Du. kloppen, to
beat. But the word occurs in Old Swedish. Ihre says “Kollops, edulii genus,
confectum ex carnis fragments, tudite lignea probe contusis et
maceratis."
I have no salt bacoun Ne no kokeney, bi cryst, coloppes for to maken.
Piers Plowman, B-text, vi., 1. 286, Fye, Joan, that thou wilt be so obstacle:
God knowes, thou art a collop of my flesh.
First Hen. VI. v., 4, 1. 17.
Because he covereth his face with his fatness, and maketh collops of fat on
his flanks. Job. xv. 27.
LANGLAND. 1377$
SHAKSPERE. 1592.
BIBLR. 1610.
WAUGH. 1859.
HARLAND.
1867.
There's some nice bacon collops o'th hob, An' a quart o' ale-posset i' th'
oon.
Lane. Songs: “Come Whoam." Originally, collops were simply slices of
bread, but these were long ago discarded for slices or rashers of bacon.
Lane. Folk-Lore, p. 217.
COLLOP-MONDAY, sb. the Monday before Lent.
HARLAND. In Lancashire and other Northern counties, three
days in Shrovetide week had their peculiar dishes;. viz., Collop Monday,
Pancake Tuesday, and Fritters Wednesday. Lane. Folk-Lore, p. 217.
COLLYJVEST, adj. in the other way, or opposite direction; entirely wrong;
contrary. This is said, in Hartshorne's Salopia Antiqua, to have a proverbial
reference to Colley Weston, in Northamptonshire.
COLL. USE. Never mind him; he ne'er agrees wi' onybody;
l875 ' he's awluz colly west.
COOM 1 v ' came ' A.S. com, pt. t. of cuman: Ic cornel, came.
LANGLAND. Beestes that now ben mouwen banne the tyme
I 3 6a - That evere that cursede caym com upon eorthe.
Piers Plowman, A-text, x., 1. 165.
REV. W. GASKELL. 1854.
A Lancashire man does not say he “came," but he "coome." Lect.
Lane. Dialect, p. 24.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3817) (tudalen 088)
|
88 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COME- AT, v. to come near.
COLL. Usn. Howd back! Let me come-at him.
1875$$COME-BY, v. to obtain; also, obtained, won.
COLL. USE. Aw his brass hez bin honestly come-by.
1875$$
COMFORTABLE, sb. a woollen wrapper for the throat.
COMM, v. to comb. A.S. cemban, Mid. E. kemben, to comb.
COLL. USE. Wesh thi face an 1 comm thi yure.
1875$$
COMN. v. pi. and pp. come, as “they are comn.'
WAUGH. Aw've just time to gi' tho another bit ov a ditty
afore we comn to yon heawse. What's it to be? Sneck-Bant, c. iv., p. 70.
CON (N. Lane.), sb. a squirrel. Cf. E. coney, a rabbit.
NORTH LANC. DIALECT. Our young friend dissipated our fears by telling us
l821 ' that con was only the provincial name for a squirrel.
Lonsdale Magazine, ii., 124. CONDLE, v. to get angry.
CONNY (N. Lane.), adj. large; app. to quantity or size.
J. P. MORRIS. There's a conny lock on 'em thrang i' t' hay-field
l86 9$ owerbye. Furness Gloss., p. 21.
DR. BARBER. ji m ^ad suppt a' conny lot, but he was nin soft.
Forness Folk, p 4.
CONNY (Notth and East Lane.), adj. handsome, good-looking, agreeable, snug,
clever, knowing. Cf. Icel. konr, royal; A.S. cyne, royal, gentle. Some of the
meanings are to be referred to the root ken, to know. Cf. Sc. canny.
COLL. USE (N. Lane.) Ay, he's a gay conny fella, an' th' lasses like him
18751 weel.
COOTER, sb. Pron. of coulter, a ploughshare.
COWTH s ^' a co ^' A '^' cot ^ cotna > disease, sickness. "5$ Cothe
other qualm.
Old Eng. Horn., Second Series, 1. 177. “44o. Cothe, syncope. Prompt. Parv.
COP, sb. the top or head of anything. A.S. copp, W. cop, the head, top, apex.
O. Fris. kop, the head. DORSET DIALECT. From the tures coppe. Ancr'.n Rhvle,
1. 228.
1220.
WYCLIF. The coppis of the hillis. Genesis, c. 8.
1380. CHAUCER. Upon the cop right of his nose he hade
1 3 86 - A werte Prologue to Cant. Tales, 1. 554.
IBID. Thoo gan I up the hille to goone
And fonde upon the cop a woone.
House of Fame, iii., 75.
.BEN JONSON. Marry she's not in fashion yet; she wears a hood,
but 't stands a-cop. Alchemist, ii., 6.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3818) (tudalen 089)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 89
COP, sb. a small oval-shaped bundle of spun cotton thread, prepared in that
form for the manufacturer of cloth. W. cob, a tuft.
COPPY, sb. a small field.
DR. BARBER. He hed a \yc?\\.~coppy i' t' front o' t' house, reet afoar
18701 t' winda, but bars went across to keep t' bull frae
brekkin it. Forness Folk, p. 44.
COPPY-STOOL (N. and E. Lane.), sb. a small stool for children.
GOPSTER, sb. a spinner. See COP. Cf. W. cob, a tuft; also, a spider.
CORBY, sb. a carrion crow; the raven. Mid. E. corbyal '; Lat. corvus; Icel.
korpr; Swed. korp; O. Fr. corbel.
WEST MID. DIAL. (Lane.) That wat5 the raven so ronk that rebel wat3 ever; I36
He was colored as the cole, corbyal untrue.
E. Eng. Allit. Poems, B. 1. 455. GAWIN DOUGLAS. Quhil corby gaspyt for the
fervent licit.
Prol. Mneid, Bk. xii., 1. 174.
CORN-BOGGART, sb. a scarecrow, set up to frighten birds from the wheat.
WAUGH. It'd make a rare corn-boggart! There's no grade! y
18741 brids i” this world 'at durst come within hauve a mile
o' thoose brids 'at's i' that pictur!
Chimney Corner: Manchr. Critic, Feb. 27.
COST'N, ind. pi. of the verb Cost.
COSTRIL, sb. a small barrel. Mid. E. costrelle, a small barrel. CHAUCER. And
therwithal a costrel taketh he tho
And seyde, “Hereof a draught, or two, Yife hym to drynke whan he gooth to
reste."
Legende of Goode Women; Ypermystre, 105.
COTTER, sb. a blow.
COLL. USE. AW gan him such a cotter as he'll noan forget.
COTTER, v. to drive with blows.
Miss LAHEE. Beawt moor ado aw cotter 1 d th' cat out.
Carter's Struggles, p. 24.
COTTER, v. to fasten, to secure.
COLL. USE. Cotter them shutters, an' let's get to bed!
COTTER (S. Lane.), )
COTTRILL (E. and Mid. Lane.), f sb ' an iron P m tO fasten a bolt '
COTTERS, sb.pl. entanglements.
COLL. USE. i can ' t set fa” cotters out o' mi hair.
1875$$
COUP (N. Lane.), sb. a cart, i.e. a cart that can be couped or tilted
sb. cow dung. Skarn = Icel. skarn, AS. scearn, Mid. E. sham, dung.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3819) (tudalen 090)
|
9O LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
COW, v. to rake or scrape together. See Coul, to scrape; Coulrake, a scraper,
in Halliwell's Diet.
MID. LANCASHIRE. It was also ordered that "all persons refusing to
X 734$ clean or cow the streets opposite their respective
houses should be fined 6d. after notice from the Serjeant
with his bell” (Minute Book of Kirkham Bailiffs.)
Fishwick's Hist. Kirkham, c. i., p. 24.
COW-GRIP, sb. a trench in a shippon, to carry off the water, COW-QUAKES
(Fylde), sb.pl. cold winds in May.
COW- RAKE, sb. a rake without prongs, for scraping up mud. See Cow.
Miss LAHEE. Beawt moor ado aw cotter 'd th' cat out wi' th r
l86s- cowrake, for aw wor feeort on it oather bitin' or
scratchin' mi. Carter's Struggles, p. 24.
COW-SKARN (N. Lane), COW-SHARN (E. and Mid. Lane.), COW-CLAP (S. Lane.), COW-SWAT
(N. Lane.),
CRAA (N. Lane.), sb. a crow.
CRAAM (N. Lane.) sb. a curved three-pronged fork, used in getting cockles.
Called crome in Norfolk, a form which occurs in the Paston Letters. Cf. Du.
krom, crooked.
JOHN BRIGGS. They struck a small instrument with three crooked
prongs, called a craam, into the sand, close beside these holes, where they
were sure to find a cockle.
Remains, p. 32.
CRACK, sb. a chat. Cf. Welsh crecian, to chatter.
WAUGH. Aw can do wi a crack o'er a glass.
l8 59$ Lane. Songs: Come Whoam to thi Childer.
._ lBI?C- , ,. N I hope I'm not tirin' ye wi' these aad-warld cracks
(Furness Dialect.) , <> /
jg 74g o mine. Jannock, c. vn., p. 62.
CRACK, v. to boast. A.S. cracian is to crack; but crake is to croak, to crow.
Cf. Icel. krdka, a crow. Mid. E. crake, to break, boast.
CHAUCER. He crakkede boost [boast] and swor it was not so.
1 3 S - Reeves Tale, 1. 81.
SHAKSPERE. And Ethiopes of their sweet complexion crack. J 59 8 - Love's
Labour Lost, iv. 3, L 268.
COLL. USE, He's awluz crackin' about his feyther, as if nob'dy
l8 75$ else could do nowt bur him.
CRACKED, adj. silly, foolish, witless.
WAUGH. "Some folk reckon't he're cracttt" continued
l868 - Ben. “Well," replied Randal, ' he happen wur,
a bit. Mon, he coom ov a crack't mak'; an' he're like
to keep th' owd system." Sneck-Bant, c. ii., p. 28.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3820) (tudalen 091)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CRADDA (N. Lane.), sb. a lean person or animal.
COLL. USE. \Vy thou's grown a fair cradda.
1875$$
CRADDY (S. Lane.), C RATTY (. Lane.), C RATTAN (Leyland), CRODDY (Oldham),
REV. W. GASKELL. 1854.
sb. a feat, a surpassing act, a challenge.
WAUGH. 1865.
B. BRIERLEY. 1869.
A common amusement with boys is to set one another what they call
"craddies," trials of strength and daring; and I have sometimes
fancied that this word (as no other better derivation has been given of it)
might be derived from the Welsh crad, which signifies heat, vigour, strength,
as in. this game these qualities are required. Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 10.
They had made up their minds, as Enoch said, to “set th' owd lad a bit ov a
craddy."
Besom Ben, c. vi., p. 62.
Geoffrey set a “craddie," as he called it. He jumped the brook and dared
you to follow.
Red Windows Hall, c. xii., p. 96.
CRAMM'D, part, snappish, ill-tempered.
Miss LAHEE. “Hello, theer, what the hangments don yo want
l86 5' here at this toime o'th' neet? Donnot yo see at we're
o' i' bed?" “Well, well, donnot be so craned, mon." Carter's
Struggles, p. 56.
C RANCH, v. to grind anything with the teeth; to eat green fruit.
CRANKY, adj. difficult to deal with; awkward tempered.
WAUGH. He're a fine, straight-forrud man, wi' no maffle
l8 55$ abeawt him, for o' his quare, cranky ways.
Lane. Sketches: Cottage of Tim Bobbin, p. 55.
CRAP, v. to put strips of leather on the sole of a clog or wooden shoe.
COLL. USE. 1875$$
CRAP, sb. money.
COLLIER. i75$
He's a handy chap he can crap his own clogs.
"I'm poor, God wot." crap's aw done."
Heaw so?" "My Works, p. 33.
GRAPPLE, v. to scramble.
WAUGH. As soon as he could crapple up to his feet again, he
l8 74$ went at this gatepost, hommer an' tungs, wi' his fists.
Chimney Corner: Manch. Critic, March 28.
CRATCH INLY, adv. and adj. feebly, weakly.
COLLIER. There's an owd cratchenly gentleman, ot wooans
1 7S- [lives] ot yon heawse. Works, p. 56.
B. BRIERLEY. “These owd timber-lifters,” he said, taking stock
l86 9$ of his legs, “are gettin' as cratchinly as an owd wis- ket. They keepn
foin' eaut wi' one another upo' th' road." Red Windows Hall, c. xi., p.
82.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3821) (tudalen 092)
|
92 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CRATCHINS, sb. the refuse or parched membrane left after lard, tallow, or any
fatty substance is melted or rendered,
CREAWSE, adj. amorous, lascivious. Mid. E. cms, which occurs in Havelok, 1.
1966; perhaps from Swed. krusa, (i) to curl, (2) to compliment excessively 3
see Atkinson. Sc. crouse.
CREE, v. to soften wheat, barley, or rice by simmering. CREEAN (N. Lane.) v.
to bawl, to shout. CREEL, sb. a frame to wind yarn upon.
CREEM, v. to give or take privately f also, in the latter sense, to steal.
COLLIER. I cawd for summot t'eat Hoo browt me some
I 75$ hog-mutton on special turmits. I creemt Nip neaw
on then o lunshun [/.<?., I stole Nip (the dog) now and then a luncheon] .
Works, p. 53.
CREETCHY, adj. sickly, ailing, feeble, shaky.
COLL. USE. His barns are creetchy-\fo& an' poorly.
CREWEL-BO, sb. a ball covered with parti-coloured worsted.
CRICK, sb. a local pain, particularly applied to a pain in the neck. Mid. E.
crik, spasms. Cf. W. crych, a wrinkle. Allied to crook.
Thou might stomble and take the crik.
Ret. Antiq., ii. 29. 1440- Crykke, sekeness, crampe, spasmus, tetanus.
Prompt. Parv.
COLL. USE. Aw've got a crick i' mi neck wi' sittin' wi th' dui
I8 75$ oppen.
CRICKET, sb. a stool or low seat.
WM. CARTWRIGHT. I'l stand upon a cricket, and there make
16411 Fluent orations to 'em.
Comedies ' ' Lady Errant.”
COLLIER I poo'd o cricket, an keaw'rt meh deawn i'th' nook.
J 75o. Works, p. 52.
BAMFORD. Poo that cricket to th' foyer.
T8 5$ Ed. Tim Bobbin p. 151.
CRILL, sb. a shiver.
WAUGH - He began to be aware that there was a deeper
l86s> silence around him than before, and it sent a cold
crill all over him. Besom Ben, c. iv., p. 37.
|[|g Dt Aw felt a bit of a cowd crill, for summut towd mo
there wur misfortin afoot.
Dead Man's Dinner, c. ii., p. 18.
CRINKLE (S. Lane.), v. to bend under a weight. A.S. crincan, to cringe, submit.
Cf. Icel. kring, round; kringla, a circle , Du. krinkelcn } to wind about.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3822) (tudalen 093)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY. 93
CRONK, j. the note of a raven. Also, croaking, prating. Icel. krimk, the
raven's cry; kriinka, to croak.
COLL. USE (E. L.) Let's ha less o' thi cronk; thaa'rt wur nor a crow.
1875.
CRONK, v. to croak, to prate. See CRONK ante. CRONKY, adj. rough, uneven. See
CRANKY.
CROODLE, v. to hum or murmur quietly to oneself.
WAUGH. The child croodled thoughtfully to himself for a
minute or two, whilst his mother went on dressing him; and then, suddenly
turning up his face, he said, “Eawr little Ben's i'th' bury-hole, isn't he,
mam?" Sneck-Bant, c. ill, p. 53.
CROOIN' (E. Lane.), v. creeping close together.
CROOKELT, \ adj. crooked. Du. kreukelen, to crumple; Platt CROOT, j Deutsch,
krukeln.
REV. W. GASKELL. There are some words common to the Dutch and
l8s4 ' the Lancashire that are not found in the Anglo-Saxon,
or appear in a different form. Thus, in Dutch, kreukelen is to crumple; arid
in Lancashire we hear of a crookelt pin; and when a person has displaced or
twisted things, "he's gone an' crookelt 'em."
Lect. Lane. Dialect, p. 27.
B. BRIERLEY. Aw'll stop here an' wind for thee till aw'm as croot
l86 8. as owd Ailse o' Beaukers. Fratchingtons, p. 52.
CROP, v. to spring.
RAMSBOTTOM. Bo jeighs [joys] crop up i' th' midst o' cares.
l86 4$ Lane. Rhymes, p. 12.
CROPE, v. p. t. of the verb to creep = crept. A.S. Ic credp, I crept; Mid. E.
crop, creep.
LANGLAND. Crope into a kaban for colde of thi nailles.
J 377$ piers Plowman, B-text, iii., 1. 190.
CHAUCER. He wende have crope by his felaw Jon,
I 3 8 - And by the myller in he creep anon.
Reeves Tale, 1. 339.
COLLIER. Aw cro p e f ur j nto ft chimney. Works, p. 52.
JOHN SCHOLES. Aw slipt off mi shoon, un crofe sawfli eawt.
1857. Jaunt, p. 14.
WAUGH. One neet aw crope whoam when my weighvin were
l8 59$ o'er. Lane. Songs: "Jamie's Frolic," 1. i.
B. BRIERLEV. "Where's Jammie o' Turns?" demanded Bowley.
“He crope eawt abeaut an heaur sin," replied Sogger. Marlocks of
Merriton, p. 30.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3823) (tudalen 094)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
crept. A.S. /.
vtu.. The Lancashire dialect often retains the
l “34 varticiple, in ca>;- is Mfetod:h,> UNM” EMjftiL For HMftUMe,:.
s:e.ulei---cr?nt."wehav? "V.vvt."
Ltet Umc. Ditto” p. 25.
JoWtt Swotas. \V: >. C”q|fcl o!oe toucher. wi'rn BD fcewt, M
durst goo na fair. >MMri; p co
\VV.-:H. h-.s: vkOi Ik 1 “MHi n:V h--^:. M ml
I ^-^ owu ch-::ib^v--rook.
C i., p. S.
CROSS-PATCH, & a peevish person. A”“ a fool; perhap from wearing
&/frWor parthcokxired coat Thus Shakspe in Iftr. r. iu 5, 'T1ie/^l is
kind enough, bat a huge fc [V tam cms Mbl warti oripaalb 'iaUwtaBed fooi 1”
(Nares.]
Eh, what a ow^rff” boo is! Ifs a wonder tha
CROUSE (N. and . Lanc.X “ W” Pt See CKEAWS O. E. cno avm, brisk, nimble,
angiy,
And dme tern ut thei he men fro.
' T > - -,
. I ./.
Ha ha. the wnnag o"L Ai nn|i J m
CROVUKT (N. LaneX crasiied 19, crowded Wdsh shrank.
Arm6tttD7 k p
CROW-BOGGART, ^ a scaie<row. CROWD, A a fiddle. Wdsh cra^ a fiddle.
Hatke! IMW Aft [fe”
CROW-GATE, ““ tfee direct road, as the otow ffie&
bJl^Mbs^43 CRUNNER,
sfco'-rw”
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3824) (tudalen 095)
|
I \\CASI1IRE GLOSSARY. 95
CROW-SWING, sb., a bar in a chimney to hang pans upon.
CRUD, ) v. to curdle. Welsh cnvd” a round lump , Mi CRUDDLE, I crudikn, to
curd, coagulate.
WYCLIF. Whether not .is m\L thou hast mylkid me, and a-.
chesi iln.ii!i ut cntddtii me? Job, x. 10.
1440. Cruddin^ coa^ulare. Prompt Paw- SI-KNSR”. Comes the l.n-tur \\ inter
with chamfred bn>
I S79$ Full of wrinckles and froatie furrowea,
1 >iviily shooting his stormy darte, Which cntMles the blood and picks the
harte
Shepheardes Calender, Febniarie, 1 .|.,
COM.. USE. Th' milk's cruddft again; it's that thunder.
1875$$
CRUDS, sb.pl. curds. Welsh crwd, a round lump , Mid. E. crmMe, curd.
LA NOI, ADD, A fewe cruddes and creem.
“377 Piers Plowman, B-text, vi 284.
1440. Crudde, coagulum. Pwmpt Parv.
S. GOSSON. Making black of white, chalke of cheese, the full
'579$ moone of a messe of cruddes
Schoole oj Abuse (Arber's Ed ), p. 18.
Cou.. USK. Street cry: “Cruds an' whey, cruds an' whey!”
1875.
r k I i I ) I ) LE, ) v. to bend; to sink down from weakness. Allied to
CRUTTLE, ) crouch.
Coi i . I'r ready t' cruttle deawn, for theau moot o knockt
! 75"- meh o'er with a pey. Works, p. 56.
JOHN SCHOLES. He cudnah help hissel, boh he quoyutly cmitl'd
l8 37$ deawn between th' two cheers | chairs].
Jaunt, p 47
I ' D - Aw laight [laughed] till mi soides wur us cruttrt us
O pair o' blacksmith's ballys. Jaunt, p. 38.
WAUCII. He cruttle't into th' nook, like a freetn't h^lgt -Img.
1868 Sneck-Bant, c. ii., p. 35
CRUMMOCK sl>. a crooked stick. Cf. Du. krom, crooked.
T. T. WILKINSON. Lane. Proverb: He'll go through th' wood, an' ta'
“ 8 73$ th' crummotk at \B&\..Lanc. Legends, <SrV., p. 201.
CRUMPER, sl>. a big, strong, thorough fellow; also, something dune in a
forcible and complete way.
WAIIMI. Jone: "Ned's some gradely good points in him,
too." Sam.: "There isn't a quarer o' this coum.side, as hea't be;
an' there's some crumpers amoon th' lot." Lane. Sketches, p. 27.
i!" “Well, if ever!” said Betty; “that sheds [excels]
l8 74$ o'!" "It's Kcrttmper for stlre," said Flop, "an'
it
reminds me o' Ben o' th' Biggins an' th' gate-post." Chimnev Corner:
Manch. Critic, March 28.
CRUTCH, v. to crowd.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3825) (tudalen 096)
|
96 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
CUCKOO-MEAT, sb. a large clover.
CUCKOO-SPIT, sb. the froth found on grass or plants, enclosing an insect
(Cicada spumaria).
^g UGH> It was one of those old-fashioned hedges which
country lads delight in “ “ where they could fight and tumble about
gloriously “ “ then roll slap into the wet ditch at the bottom, among “cuckoo
'-spit" and "frog-rud," and all sorts of green pool slush. Lane.
Sketches, p. 189.
CUCKSTOOL, sb. the stool upon which shrews were formerly ducked. It was in
use in Manchester as late as 1775, and was a wooden chair placed upon a long
pole, which was balanced on a pivot, and suspended over a pond called
Pool-house and Poolfold; afterwards it was placed over the Daub-holes
(Infirmary pond), and was employed for the punishment of scolds and
prostitutes. See Manchester Historical Recorder, in which there is a
facsimile of an old engraving of the cuckstool. According to Blount, this
apparatus was in use in the Saxon era, when it was named the scealfin-stol.
RANDOLPH. Plus. And here's a cobler's wife brought for a scold.
l6 43$ Nim. Tell her of cooking-stocks.
Muses Looking- Glasse.
HARLAND & WILKINSON. That the cuck-stool was in request at Liverpool as
1873. i a te as the year 1695 may be inferred from an item in
the parochial expenditure of that year, which runs thus: “Paid Edward Accres
for mending the cuckstool, fifteen shillings." According to Mr. Richard
Brookes (Liverpool from 1775 to 1800), it was in use in 1779. At Ormskirk,
the ducking-stool was removed in 1780. It was in use to a late period at
Great Carlton, in the Fylde, and in the ancient borough of Kirkham.
Lancashire Legends and Traditions, p. 167 171.
CUCKSTOOL-DUB, sb. the pool in which the cuckstool was used. CUD'N, pi. of
the verb could.
CULVER, sb. the dove or pigeon. A.S. culfre.
SPENSER. Lyke as the culver on the bared bough
1 59S- Sits mourning for the absence of her mate.
Sonnet 88.
IBID. All comfortlesse, upon the bared bow,
1 59> Like wofull culvers, doo sit wayling now.
Teares oj the Muses, 1. 245.
CUMMINS, sb. pi. sprouts of barley in malting. CURTNER, sb. a curtain.
CUSH, I sb. a child's name for a cow. Icel. kussa, a cow; kits, CUSHY, J a
word used to call cows.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3826) (tudalen 097)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
97
CUSHY-COW-LADY, sb. the lady-bird or lady-fly; coccindla. CUT, sb. a canal.
WAUGH. 1867.
BAMFORD. 1844.
IBID.
After the superintendent had gone away, some of the men said much and more,
and “if ever he towd ony moor lies abeawt 'em, they'd fling him into th'
cut" Home Life Factory Folk, iii. 30.
CUT, sb. a weaver's term for a piece of calico when taken from the loom.
“How much may you have for weaving a yard of calico?" "A yard, mon!
they'n so mitch a cut" '“ And how many yards are there in a cut?"
“Why, theer's thirty yards i' th' Smithy-nook cal' [calico]; an they gettin'
fro a shilling to eighteenpence a cut" Walks in South Lancashire p. 270.
Toilonett is a neat light cloth, made of black cotton warp, and shot with
white woollen yarn in hand The pieces, or cuts, are thirty yards in length. A
weaver will be four days in dressing his warp, and about eight in weaving a
cut. Ibid. pp. 29, 30.
CUTS, sb. pi. lots, or chances; pieces of paper, sticks, or straw, cut into
different lengths, and then used in drawing lots. Now draweth cut, er that we
forther twynne; Which that hath the schortest schal bygynne. “Sire
knight," quoth he, “maister and my lord, Now draweth cut, for that is
myn accord." “““““
Anon to drawen every wight bigan,
And schortly for to tellen as it was,
Were it by aventure, or sort, or cas,
The soth is this, the cut fil to the knight,
Of which ful glad and blithe was every wight.
Prologue Cant. Tales, 1 835. Dromio S. You are my elder.
Dromio E. That's a question, how shall we trie it? Dromio S. Wee'l draw cuts
for the signior; till then j lead thou first.
Com. of Errors, v. i. 420.
Piscator: Come on, my masters, who begins? I think it best to draw cuts, and
avoid contention.
Peter: It is a match. Look, the shortest cut falls to Coridon.
Coridon: Well, then, I will begin, for I hate contention. Complete Angler, c.
v.
CHAUCER.
SHAKSPERE. 1598.
IZAAK WALTON. 1653$
COLL. USE. Let's draw cuts for it; that'll be fair enough.
1875.
: UTTER, v. to make much of. Allied to coddle, cuddle.
COLLIER. I dunnaw meeon heaw folk harbort'n't or cuttertn't
1 J 7So. o er thee. Works, p. xxxvi.
CUTT'RIN, sb. muttering, whispering. Q.Svr.kuttra, to chatter; S\v. kuttra,
to coo.
|
|
|
|
|
(delwedd C3827) (tudalen 098)
|
98 LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
D.
DAB, st. a blow with something moist or dirty.
COLL. USE. If he comes courtin' here again of a Friday neet
l8 7S- aw'll give him a dab wi' th' dish-clout.
DAB, adj. clever, expert. Probably as doing a thing at a dab, or skilfully
and quickly.
DAB, sb. a clever person, an expert.
\VAUGH. I've often heard 'em say that he was quite a dab
1874. at a bit o' tailorin' or shoemakin'.
Jannock, c. 8, p 82.
DACKER, adj. unsettled; generally applied to the weather.
DAD, sb. father. W. tad; Lapponic dadda (in children's language), father.
Almost, says Wedgwood, as universally spread as Baba or Papa.
SHAKSPERB. Bastard: Zounds, I was never so bethumpt with
X 598$ words,
Since first I cal'd my brother's father dad. King John, ii. i, 466.
RAMSBOTTOM. If ther wur bo some wark for his dad,
l86 4$ An' his mam ud keep th' things Will could do;
For his velveteen breeches hoo'd sowd, An' his jacket, his cap, an' shoon,
too.
Lane. Rhymes, p. 19.
WAUGH. “Here, dad," cried he, holding out the remains of
6 “ his bread and cheese to a tall mower who sat below;
“' here, dad, aw connot height no moor." Then stretching out his arms,
he said, “Dad, heighve mo deawn. Aw want to goo and play mo wi' yon
tother." Ben and th' Bantam, c. iii., p. 54.
IBID. Tom Fobs wur a good-nature't sort ov a lad;
1875. He wove for his livin', an' live't with his dad.
Old Cronies, c. v., p. 50.
DAD, \ v. to lead. Richardson says dade is a word
DADE, I peculiar to Michael Dray ton (a native of
DAWD (E. Lane.),) Warwickshire); and Dr. Johnson says it
means to hold up by a leading-string. To dade, continues
Richardson, seems to = to move, or cause to move, cautiously,
slowly. Allied to dandle.
DRAYTON. Which, nourished and bred up at her most plenteous
1622. pap,
No sooner taught to dade, but from their mother trip, And in their speedy
course strive others to outstrip.
Polyolbion, s. i.
|
|
|
|
|
 (delwedd C3828) (tudalen 099)
|
LANCASHIRE GLOSSARY.
99
DRAYTON.
1622.
The little children when they learned to go, By painful mothers daded to and
fro.
Earl of Surrey to Lady Geraldine.
WAUGH. '“ Aw'm gettin' done up," to their Betty he said;
i8 S9$ "Dost think thae could doff mo an dad mo to bed?”
Lane. Songs: Owd Enoch, p. 72.
DADDLE (E. and Mid. Lane.), v. to assist a child to walk.
D ADDLE, v. to reel or waver on the road. Cf. F. dandincr. “Dandiner, to go
gaping illfavouredly, looking unsteadily;" Cotgrave.
sb. pi. leading strings.
DADIN'S,
DADLIN'S (E. Lane.) DAWDLIN'S (E. Lane.), DADIN'-STRENGS (S. E. Lane.),
JOHN SCHOLES. Aw've livt e' Smobridge ewur sin' awre e' dadin- l8 57 strengs.
ftAFF, v. to daunt. Allied to DEAVE, q.v.
DAFFOCK, sb. a slattern. Mid. E. daffe + ock. See DAFFEY,
COLL. USE (E. Lane.) Whod a daffock hoo is!
1875$$
DAFFY (N. and E. Lane.), sb. a foolish person. Mid. E. daffe, a dolt. Cf. Old
Sw. dof, stupid; Moeso-Goth. daubs, dull, hard of heart; Icel. dqfi, torpor;
dofna, to be dead or numb, appl. to a limb.
“J>on dotest daffe? qua> heo, "dulle are J>i wittes."
Piers Plowman, A-text, i., 1. 129. “tow doted daffe? quod she, “dulle arne
>i wittes."
Ibid, B-text, i., 1. 138. And when this jape is told another day, I sal be
held a daf, a cokenay. Reeves Tale, 1. 287. Daffe, a dastard, or he that
spekyth not yn tyme.
Prompt. Parv.
LANGLAND. 1362.
IBID.
CHAUCER. 1380.
J. P. MORRIS. 1869.
Ye men-folk er sic buzzards, if ye sa a brog on t” sand ye wod think it wos
t' French. I've nea patience wi' sic daffy s. Siege o 1 Brouton t p. 6.
DAFFY-DOWN-DILLY, sb. the daffodil.
SPENSER. Strowe me the ground with Daffadowndillies,
I S79” And Cowslips, and Kingcups, and loved Lillies.
Shepheardes Calender; April, 1. 140.
OLD SONG. Com. in Lane.
Roses and lilies and daffy-down-dillies.
DAFT, adj. soft, foolish, silly. See DAFFEY. -Daffe + Q^ i.e. verb formed
from sb., and then p. p. of verb used.
SIR D. LYNDESAY. 1552$
Thou art the daftest fuill that ever I saw.
Three Estaits.
|
