A Welsh to English
Dictionary in page format
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur_cymraeg_saesneg_BAEDD_mynegai_1818e.htm
Yr
Hafan / Home Page
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Y Porth Saesneg / English Gateway to this Website
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Y Gwegynllun / Siteplan
..............................0417e Geiriaduron / Dictionaries
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Geiriaduron yn Saesneg / Dictionaries in English
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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia
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(delw 7415) |
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A
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Update: 2009-04-11 2009-01-13 2008-11-27
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AR
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B
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number: 1039e
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BR
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number: 1735e
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CABAN – CAZW
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number: 1018e
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CEBL-CHYMERWN
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number: 1071e
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CI-COWTSH
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number: 1675e
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CRAC – CWYREN
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number: 1040e
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CYBI – CYWRAIN
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1075e
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Update: 2009-04-21 2009-02-17 2008-12-03
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D – D.G.
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number: 1020e
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DI – DYWEDDÏO
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number: 1674e
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E-EZRA
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number: 1072e
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F-FYNY
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number: 1077e
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G – GUTYN
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number: 1021e
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GWACHAL – GYRWYR
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number: 1042e
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H – HYWYN
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number: 1038e
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I, J, K
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number: 1676e
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Update: 2009-04-11 2008-12-01 2008-11-23
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L
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number: 1865e
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M – MEYSYDD
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MÏAREN – MYSWYNOG
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number: 1677e
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N
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number: 1047e
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O
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number: 1600e
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P-PITWEL
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PLA-PYTHEFNOS, Q
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number: 1073e
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R
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number: 1026e
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S
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TABL-TOST
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number: 1024e
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TRA-TYWYSOGES
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U,V
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number: 1025e
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W, X
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number: 1731e
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Y, Z
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number: 1586e
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PRONUNCIATION: Two transciptions are shown,
a simplified system with the Roman alphabet, and one with IPA symbols
ROMAN ALPHABET
The first is a simplified
transcription. The stressed syllable is indicated by capital letters.
The symbols used are those
of the Roman alphabet, with an inverted e to represent the obscure vowel.
The vowels are to be
pronounced as in an infant’s pronunciation of the alphabet; and the same for
the consonants, without the following obscure vowel
a (as in cat), b (as in
abacus), i (as in pin), etc.
The digraphs / trigraphs are
in the main those familiar to English speakers with their usual English pronunciation;
as they occur in modern English spelling, or in simplified spelling
pronunciations in English dictionaries (dh, kh, ng, ngg), and some ad hoc
representations (hr, lh, mh, nh, ngh)
ch (as in cheese),
dh (this, that and the other),
lh (the Welsh aspirated l),
hr (an aspirated r, as if h
pronounced first followed by r),
hw (an aspirated w, as if h
pronounced first followed by w),
kh (as in Scottish loch),
mh = m + h
ng (as in song)
nh = n + h
ngh = ng + h
ngg (as in longer, finger)
sh (as in ship),
th (as in think)
Long vowels are shown as
reduplicated vowels – aa, ee, ii, oo, uu
Half-long vowels (which are
shorter long vowels in quality, rather than longer short vowels) occur in the
penult syllable before certain single consonants, and are shown as long – aa,
ee, ii, oo, uu. They are really a southern feature – in the north these
vowels are short.
IPA ALPHABET
The second transcription is
the International Phonetic Alphabet transcription.
It represents a southern
pronunciation (even when Northern words / place names are indicated – a
southerner would pronounce these in southern Welsh).
There is a half-long vowel
indicated, though in the north this is pronounced as a short vowel. Even in the
south there may be free variation between half-long and short according to the
district or the speaker.
For more about the vowels,
see pages 65-74, A Welsh Grammar Historical and Comparative, John Morris-Jones,
1913
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gramadeg/gramadeg_2_1913_jmj_welsh_grammar_03_50-99_2646e.htm
ORIGIN OF THIS DICTIONARY:
In 1997 I put together (in haste) a Catalan-Welsh-English dictionary for a
class of Catalan learners of Welsh. Since then I have split it into two and I
am expanding the two separate sections simultaneously – this English one, and
the Welsh-Catalan one at 1876c)
from a database of a fairly full dictionary of Welsh put together in 1990. The
problem is editing this vast mass of material for this internet version – now
and again I spend an hour a day adding some 20 definitions.
See the list of the headwords in our database for Y GWE-EIRAIDUR - The Big
Internet Dictionary of Welsh – at xxxx (link lost)
Our intention at first was to concentrate on the items which form the core of
the language, those which are used over and over again (function words -
prepositions, pronouns, adverbs, particles, determiners, exclamations) and the
basic adjectives, nouns and verbs.
However, since these are more or less adequately treated in existing printed
dictionaries, we have decided to devote only half of the new entries to such
words, and the other half to items which are not to be found in existing
dictionaries, and which may be of limited usage.
The core language items will eventually be included, so that this online
dictionary will also be useful too to students of the language without access
to printed Welsh dictionaries.
The dictionary is mostly original - though in compiling it we have referred
extensively to Geiriadur yr Academi Gymreig (The Welsh Academy Dictionary)
(English-Welsh) (in order to propagate the recommended forms in this important
work of reference published in 1995), and also to Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru
(The University of Wales Dictionary) (Welsh-English) (especially for
derivations).
Some of the entries, definitions or comments are not found in any other
existing Welsh dictionary – online or print versions. If you can't find it in
your own dictionary, it might be here!
In the dictionary we use the international alphabetical order for the 26
letters (as in Catalan, English, Basque, German, etc a-b-c-d-e-f-g... ) rather
than the traditional Welsh alphabetical order (the Welsh alphabet
a-b-c-ch-d-dd-e-f-ff-g...)
There may be some minor errors – strangely enough, the mistakes never seem to
show up until the pages are actually placed online. We usually spot them and
correct them when we add new entries. (These detected errors are then replaced
by undetected errors in the new entries!).
Typical mistakes are – inclusion of Catalan translations, typing errors,
cut-and-paste errors, some (very few) factual errors – usually soon detected
and corrected. If you see anything that you don’t think is right, and want to
inform us of it, send us a message via the guest book 1853e.
Ionawr = January
Chwefror = February
Mawrth = March
Ebrill = April
Mai = May
Mehefin = June
Gorffennaf = July
Awst = August
Medi = September
Hydref = October
Tachwedd = November
Rhagfyr = December
__________________________
Sumbolau
arbennig: ŷ ŵ ə
Ble'r wyf i? Yr ych chi'n ymwéld ag un o
dudalennau'r Gwefan "CYMRU-CATALONIA"
On sóc? Esteu visitant una pàgina of the Web "CYMRU-CATALONIA" (=
Galles-Catalunya)
Where am I? You are visiting a page from the "CYMRU-CATALONIA" (=
Wales-Catalonia) Website
Weər äm ai? Yüü äär víziting ə
peij fröm dhə "CYMRU-CATALONIA" (= Weilz-Katəlóuniə) Wébsait
__________________________
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