A Welsh
to English Dictionary in page format
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur_cymraeg_saesneg_BAEDD_n_1047e.htm
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Geiriaduron yn Saesneg / Dictionaries in English
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Y mynegai i'r geiriadur arlein hwn / Index to this online dictionary
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TUDALENNAU ERAILL Y GEIRIADUR HWN
OTHER PAGES
IN THIS DICTIONARY
1580e
A | 1039e
B | 1735e
BR | 1018e
C | 1071e
CE | 1675e
CI
| 1040e
CR
| 1075e
CY | 1020e
D | 1674e
DI | 1072e
E | 1077e
F
| 1021e
G | 1042e
GW
| 1038e
H
| 1676e
HY, I, J, K,
| 1865e
L | 1022e
M | 1677e
MI | 1047e
N | 1600e
O | 1023e
P | 1073e
PL
| 1026e
R | 1070e
S | 1024e
T | 1076e
TR | 1025e
U,V | 1731e
W, X | 1586e
Y, Z |
N, n ‹en› <EN> [ɛn] feminine noun
1) fourteenth
letter of the twenty-six letter Roman alphabet
...1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 d 5 e, 6 f, 7 g, 8 h, 9 i, 10 j, 11 k, 12 l, 13 m, 14 n, 15 o, 16 p, 17 q, 18 r, 19 s, 20 t, 21 u, 22 v, 23 w, 24 x, 25 y, 26 z
2) eighteenth
letter of the twenty-nine letter Welsh alphabet
...1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 ch, 5 d, 6 dd 7 e, 8 f, 9 ff, 10 g, 11 ng, 12 h, 13 i, 14 j, 15 l, 16 ll, 17 m, 18 n, 19 o, 20 p, 21 ph, 22 r, 23 rh, 24 s, 25 t, 26 th, 27 u, 28 w, 29 y
:_______________________________.
n- ‹n›
1 a proclitic n- before a vowel is a reduction of the determiner yn
(= my), used colloquially and corresponding to standard Welsh fy (=
my)
Fossilised with some names and a term of address
..a/ nanti (a vocative form, or used as a title followed by a personal
name) auntie
Nanti Jên Auntie Jane
..b/ Now a pet form of Owen (n = my) + (Ow, first syllable
of Owen)
..c/ Ned a pet form of Edward
(n = my) + (Ed, first syllable of Edward) (though this may
be from English, where it is “mine Ed” > “Ned”)
:_______________________________.
n
excrescent –n
adarn (dialect Welsh) (= birds) < adar
masarn (= maple tree) < masar < English mazer < Old English maeser-
siswrn (standard Welsh) (= scissors) < siswr < English scissor
An example of this phenomenon in English is wyvern {wáivørn} (= mythological winged snake) < (wyver) + (excrescent -n);
< Norman wivre < Latin vîpera
:_______________________________.
loss of a final –n
cyfan (complete) > cyfa (northern colloquial)
Bodidda < Bodiddan (medieval
township in Henryd, Conwy)
"BODIDDA, a township in the parish of Gyffin, and hundred of Isaf, in
the county of Carnarvon, North Wales, 1 mile from Conway." National
Gazetteer, 1868
:_______________________________.
..1 <NAA> [nɑː] ‹NAA› (negative particle)
1 not
2
“do not....” imperative (formal, on public signs, etc)
Na cherddwch ar y glaswellt Keep off
the grass (“Do not walk on the grass”)
:_______________________________.
..2 na <NAA> [nɑː] (conjunction)
1 or (in negative sentence)
Weles i ddim bachgen na merch yno I
didn’t see any boy or any girl there, I saw neither boy nor girl there
Nid ei di byth uwch bawd na sawdl
You’ll never get anywhere, you’ll never make it, you’re doomed to failure (“you
won’t go higher than a toe or a heel”)
Nid oedd ganddo y rhithyn lleiaf o
awdurdod na phwys yn y cwmni
He didn’t have the least bit of authority or importance in the company
:_______________________________.
..3 na <NAA> [nɑː] masculine
noun
1 no
Chymer hi ddim “na” yn ateb She
won’t take no for an answer
Mae e wedi gwahardd y gair “na” yn y
sefyllfa honno
He has prohibited the word “no” in that situation
“Na” mawr oedd yr ateb a gefais A
definite “no” was the answer I got
ateb â “na” plaen answer with a
clear “no”
dweud “na” yn blwmp ac yn blaen give
a definite “no”
Dyw e byth wedi miestroli'r grefft o
ddeud “Na” He’s never mastered the art of saying “No.”
Y “na” piau hi The noes have it
ETYMOLOGY: Independent use of the preverbal negative particle na (= not)
:_______________________________.
..4 na <NAA> [nɑː] relative pronoun
1 the-one-who-not
Dalla’ o bawb na fynn weld There is none so blind as those who will not
see
(“(the) blindest of everybody (is) the-one-who-not wants seeing / who insists
on not seeing”)
:_______________________________.
naath
‹NAATH› [nɑːθ] verb
NOTE: (usually spelt nath)
1 southern form of gwnaeth / wnaeth (= he / she / it did; he / she / it made; third person singular of
the preterite gwneud = to do). See aa
NOTE: (usually spelt nath / nâth / na’th)
2 naath < wnaath < wnaeth < a wnaeth who
did, who made; which did, which made. Gwnaeth
= third person singular of the preterite gwneud
(= to do)
Pa beth a wnaeth ef? > Be’ naath e? What did he do? ((“it is”)
what thing that he did?”)
:_______________________________.
nääth
‹NÄÄTH› [næːθ] verb
1
south-eastern form of gwnaeth / wnaeth (=
he / she / it did; he / she / it made
Usually spelt nêth / næth
See aa / gwnaath
:_______________________________.
nabob
<NAA-bob> [ˡnɑˑbɔb] masculine
noun [ˈnaˑbɔb]
PLURAL nabobs
<NAA-bobz> [ˡnɑˑbɔbz]
1 nabob = (1700, 1800s) person who became rich in the East,
especially India
2 nabob = important person
3 nabob = member of a local power élite
Ond dyna'r dewis addysgol gorau,
meddai'r nabobs yn Neuadd y Sir
But that's the best educational choice say the nabobs of County Hall
ETYMOLOGY: English nabob < Portuguese nababo < Hindi nawwâb (= powerful Muslim landowner) < Arabic nuwwâb (= respectful), plural form of náa'ib (= deputy, governor)
:_______________________________.
’nabod <NAA-bod> [ˡnɑˑbɔd] ‹NA bod› (verb)
1 colloquial reduction of adnabod <ad-NAA-bod> [adˡnɑˑbɔd] (= to
know)
:_______________________________.
nadel <NAA-del> [ˡnɑˑdɛl] verb [ˈnaˑdɛl]
1 (county of Ceredigion) to prevent
Variant of nadu (= prevent)
ETYMOLOGY: (nad-, stem of nadu) +
(alternative termination –el < -ael).
Cf gadael (= to leave), colloquially
gadel, which in some meanings is a
replacement of an original gadu
Also Ceredigion galler (= to be
able), apparently a dissimulated form of gallel
This is standard Welsh gallu (= to be able)
(gall-, stem of gallu = to be able) + (alternative termination –el < -ael).
:_______________________________.
na bw na be
<na BUU na BEE> [na ˡbuː na ˡbeː]
1 not a word;
Ddywedodd e na bw na be He didn't
say a word
(Literally “neither ‘bw’ nor ‘be’”)
:_______________________________.
’nabyddiaeth ‹na-BƏDH-yaith, -yeth› [naˈbəðjɛθ, naˈbəðjaɪθ]
1 knowledge, acquaintance
colli ’nabyddieth ar (rywun) forget who (someone) is (“lose acquaintance
on somebody”)
ETYMOLOGY: colloquial form of adnabyddiaeth,
with the loss of the first syllable
:_______________________________.
..1 nacw
<NA-ku> [ˡnakʊ] pronoun
North Wales
1 hwn acw (refers to a masculine
noun)
..a/, he, it, the one; the person previously mentioned
..b/ that one there; the person or thing indicated or pointed out
Roedd hi eisiau gwybod enw pob blodeuyn
a llysieuyn. “Beth am hwn?” “Dyma
glust llygoden y felin, a nacw tu ôl iddo, y pannog melyn.”
She wanted to know
the name of every flower and herb. “What about this one?” “This is
Snow-in-summer, and that one behind it is great mullein
..c/ so-and-so; a man whose name is
forgotten, whose name is not necessary to mention, whose name is unknown
2 hon acw (refers to a feminine
noun)
..a/ she, it, the one the person previously mentioned
..b/ that one there; the person or thing indicated or pointed out
..c/ the wife, the missus
In South Wales honco sda fi (“this
one yonder that is with me”)
..d/ so-and-so; a woman whose name
is forgotten, whose name is not necessary to mention, whose name is unknown
ETYMOLOGY: “this one over there”
(1) (hwn = this one masculine) + (acw = over there, yonder)
(2) (hon = this one feminine) + (acw = over there, yonder)
:_______________________________.
..2 nacw <NAA-ku> [ˡnɑˑkʊ]
(South-east Wales)
1 I am not
os nacw i’n camsyniad (= os nad wyf yn camsynied) if I’m not
mistaken
NOTE: nacw < nagw < nag wyf < nag wy < nad wyf
(1) nag wyf. This is properly an
echo answer, spelt in modern Welsh nac wyf
<NAAG uiv> [ˡnɑːg
ʊɪv] Wyt ti? (= are you) Nac wyf (= I am not). There is properly
no simple word for “no” in such answers. In southern dialects, nac wyf / nag wyf has replaced nad wyf
(= that I am not)
(2) nag wyf behaves as a disyllable
word; the final [v] is lost (a phenomenon in many Welsh
polysyllables), and the final <ui> [ʊɪ] is
reduced to the vowel <u> [ʊ] (a
usual occurrence in spoken Welsh)
(3) nagw <NAA-gu> [ˡnɑː gʊ] > <NAA-ku> [ˡnɑː kʊ]. In south-eastern Welsh, [g] at
the beginning of a final syllable is devoiced to [k]
:_______________________________.
nad <NAAD> [nɑːd] (particle)
1 that...not (before a verb beginning
with a vowel)
:_______________________________.
Naddawan <na-DHAU-an> [naˡðaʊan]
1 Afon Naddawan is the
former name of Afon Ddawan in
south-east Wales (“River Thaw”)
ETYMOLOGY: Unknown.
NOTE: A very characteristic feature of Welsh is the loss of a pretonic
syllable, as in this name: na|ddaw|an > ’ddaw|an
:_______________________________.
naddo <NAA
dho> [ˡnɑː ðɔ] (phrase)
1 no (reply to a verb in the past tense)
:_______________________________.
nad oedd e <na
DOIDH e> [naˡdɔɪðɛ] (verb)
1 that he wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’
nad o’dd e <na DOODH e> [naˡdoˑðɛ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddech
chi <na
DOI-dhe khi> [naˡdɔɪðɛxɪ] (verb)
1 that you
weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’ch chi
<na DOO khi> [naˡdoˑxɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedden
nhw <na-DOI-dhe-nu> [naˡdɔɪðɛnʊ] (verb)
1 that they weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’n nhw
<na-DOO-nu> [naˡdoˑnʊ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedden ni
<na-DOI-dhe-ni> [naˡdɔɪðɛnɪ] (verb)
1 that we weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’n ni <na-DOO-ni> [naˡdoˑnɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddet ti
<na-DOI-dhe-ti> [naˡdɔɪðɛtɪ] ‹na DOI dhe ti› (verb)
1 that you
weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’t ti <na-DOO-ti> [naˡdoˑɛtɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedd hi <na-DOI-dh
hi, na-DOI-dhi> [naˡdɔɪðhɪ,
naˡdɔɪðɪ] (verb)
1 (she) that
she wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’
nad o’dd hi <na-DOO-dh
hi, na-DOO-dhi> [naˡdoˑð
hɪ, naˡdoˑðɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddwn i <na-DOI-dhu ni> [naˡdɔɪðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and
loss of dd, and loss of dd
nad oeddwn i <na-DOO ni> [naˡdoˑnɪ]
:_______________________________.
Nadolig
<na-DOO-lig> [naˡdoˑlɪg] (masculine noun)
1 Christmas
Nadolig Llawen a Blwyddyn Newydd Dda
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year
2 Noswyl Nadolig
Christmas Eve (24 December)
3 carol Nadolig Christmas carol
:_______________________________.
nadredd
<NA-dredh> [ˡnadrɛð]
1 snakes. Plural form of neidr
<NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr] = snake
:_______________________________.
nadroedd
<NA-droidh, -odh> [ˡnadrɔɪð, -ɔð]
1 snakes. Plural form of neidr
<NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr] = snake
:_______________________________.
nadu <NAA-di> [ˡnɑˑdɪ] (verb)
1 hinder, prevent
:_______________________________.
na fasa <NAA
va-sa> [ˡnɑː ˡvasa] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, he she it
wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sa> [na ˡvasa] that he she it
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasach <NAA
va-sakh> [ˡnɑː
ˡvasax] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you wouldn't
be
2 <na-VA-sakh> [na ˡvasax] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasach chi (verb) <na-VA-sa-khi> [ˡnaˡvaˡsaxɪ]
1 (North-west) that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasa fo <NA
va-sa-vo> [na
vaˡsavɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North-west) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan (=
nhw) <na-VA-san> [na ˡvasan] ‹na VA san› (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, they wouldn't
be
2 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan (=
ni) <NAA va-san> [ˡnɑː ˡvasan] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-san> [na ˡvasan] that
we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan nhw <na-VA-sa-nu> [na ˡvasanʊ]
(verb)
1 (North-west) that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan ni <na-VA-sa-nɪ> [na ˡvasanɪ]
(verb)
1 (North-west) that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasat <NAA va-sat> [ˡnɑː ˡvasat] (verb) (reply)
1 (North-west) you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sat> [na ˡvasat] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasat ti <na-VA-sat> [na ˡvasatɪ]
(verb)
1 (North-west) that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase <na-VA-se> [na ˡvasɛ]
(verb)
1 (reply) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasech <NAA va-sekh> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛx] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sekh> [na ˡvasɛx] that you
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasech chi
<na-VA-se-khi> [na ˡvasɛxɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase fe <na-VA-se-ve> [na ˡvasɛvɛ] (verb)
1 that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase fo
<na-VA-se-vo> [na ˡvasɛvɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North-east) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase hi <na-VA-se-hi> [na ˡvasɛhɪ] (verb)
1 that she wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen (=
nhw) (verb) <NAA
va-sen> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛn]
1 (reply) no, they wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sen> [naˡvasɛn] that they
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen (=
ni) <NAA va-sen> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛn]
(verb)
1 (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sen> [naˡvasɛn] that we
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen nhw <na-VA-se-nu> [naˡvasɛnʊ] (verb)
1 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen ni <na-VA-se-ni> [naˡvasɛnɪ] (verb)
1 that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faset <NAA va-set> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛt] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-set> [na ˡvasɛt] that you
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faset ti <na-VA-se-ti> [na ˡvasɛtɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faswn <na-VA-sun> [ˡnɑː ˡvasʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sun> [na ˡvasʊn] that I
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faswn i
<na-VA-sun-i> [na ˡvasʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
naffta
<NAF-ta> [ˡnafta] ?masculine
noun
1 Patagonian Welsh
(American: gas, gasoline) (Englandic: petrol)
ETYMOLOGY: Castilian of Argentina: nafta
(= gasoline, petrol)
:_______________________________.
nafsan <NAV-san> [ˡnavsan] v
1
(tag) colloquial for na fuasant? =
(they wouldn’t) would they?
Na, fysa nhw ddim yn neud hynny, nafsan?
No, they wouldn’t do that, would they?
ETYMOLOGY:
(na) + soft mutation + (buasant).
na fusant > na fuasan’ > na
fasan > na fysan > na f’san / nafsan
:_______________________________.
na fydd ‹na VIIDH e› (verb) <NAA VIIDH> [ˡnɑː ˡviːð] (verb)
1 (reply) no, he-she-it won't be
2 that he-she-it won't be <na
VIIDH> [na ˡviːð] that I
won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydda <NAA
və-dha> [ˡnɑː
vəða] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I won't be
2 <na VƏ-dha> [na ˡvəða] that I
won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydda i <NAA
və-dhai> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðaɪ] (verb)
1 that I won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddan <NAA
və-dhan> [ˡnɑː
vəˡðan] (verb)
1 (reply) no, they won't be
2 <na-VƏ-dhan> [na ˡvəðan] that they
won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddan nhw
<na VƏ-dha nu> [na ˡvəða nʊ] (verb)
1 that they won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde
<NAA və-dhe> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛ] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, he she it wouldn't
be
2 <na-VƏ-dhe> [na ˡvəðɛ] that he
she it wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech <NAA
və-dhekh> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðɛx] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VƏ-dhekh> [na ˡvəðɛx] that you
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech
chi <na VƏ-dhe khi> [na ˡvəðɛ xɪ] (verb)
1 (South) that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde fe <na
VƏ-dhe ve> [na
ˡvəðɛ vɛ] (verb)
1 (South) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde hi <na
VƏ-dhe hi> [na
ˡvəðɛ hɪ] (verb)
1 (South) that she wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden (=
nhw) <NAA və-dhen> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛn] ‹na VƏ dhen› (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, they wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhen> [na ˡvəðɛn] that they
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden (=
ni) <NAA-və-dhen> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛn] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhen> [na ˡvəðɛn] that we
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden nhw
<na VƏ-dhe nu> [na ˡvəðɛ nʊ]
(verb)
1 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden ni <NAA-və-dhe
ni> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛ
nɪ] (verb)
1 that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddet <NAA-və-dhet> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛt] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhet> [na ˡvəðɛt] that you
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddet ti <na
VƏ-dhe ti> [na
ˡvəðɛ tɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd e <na
VIIDH-e> [na
ˡviˑðɛ] (verb)
(South) that he won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech
chi <na VƏ-dhe-khi> [nɑ ˡvəð ɛ xɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd hi <na
VIIDH-hi, VII-dhi> [na ˡviˑð
hɪ, na ˡviˑðɪ] (verb)
1 (she) that she won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddi <NAA
və-dhi> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðɪ] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you won't be
<na VƏ-dhi> [na ˡvəðɪ] that you
won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddi di <na
VƏ-dhi-di> [na
ˡvəðɪ dɪ] (verb)
1 that you won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd o <na
VIIDH o > [na
ˡviːðɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North) that he won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwch <NAA
və-dhukh> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðʊx] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you won't be
2 that you won't be <NA
və-dhukh> [na
ˡvəðʊx]
:_______________________________.
na fyddwch
chi <na VƏ -dhu-khi> [nɑ ˡvəðʊxɪ] (verb)
1 that you won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn <NAA
və-dhun> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, we won't be
2 <na VƏ-dhun> [na ˡvəðʊn] that we
won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn <NAA
və-dhun> [ˡnɑː
ˡvəðʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, they wouldn’t be
2 <na VƏ-dhun> [na ˡvəðʊn] that they
wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn i <na
VƏ-dhun-i> [na
ˡvəðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wouldn’t be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn ni <na
VƏ-dhu-ni> [na
ˡvəðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that we won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd <NAA
viidh> [ˡnɑː ˡviˑð] (verb)
1 (reply) no, he she it won't be
2 <na VIIDH> [na ˡviˑð] that
he-she-it won't be
:_______________________________.
nag <NAAG> [nɑːg]
1 not (negative particle)
:_______________________________.
nage <NAA-ge> [ˡnɑˑgɛ] (phrase)
1 (reply) no
-Ti wnaeth hyn? –Nage Did you do this? No
:_______________________________.
nag o
<NAAG oo, NAG o> [ˡnɑːg oː, ˡnɑg ɔ]
1 “than of”
In contrasting after an expression expressing quantity with o = of
mwy o fwg nag o dân more noise than
substance, a lot of talk and little action (“more of smoke than of fire”)
ETYMOLOGY: nag, before vowels a form
of na = than) + (o = of)
:_______________________________.
nag oedd <NAAG
oidh> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪð] (verb)
1 (reply) no, he she it wasn't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddach <NAAG
oi-dhakh> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðax] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddan <NAAG
oi-dhan> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðan] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, they weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddat <NAAG
oi-dhat> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðat] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddech <NAAG
oi-dhekh> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðɛx] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oedden <NAAG
oi-dhen> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðɛn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, they weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddet <NAAG
oi-dhet> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðɛt] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddwn <NAAG
oi-dhun> [ˡnɑːg
ˡɔɪðʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I wasn't
:_______________________________.
nag oes <NAAG-ois> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪs] (verb)
1 (reply) no, there isn't
:_______________________________.
nag wyt <NAAG-uit> [ˡnɑːg ˡʊɪt] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you aren't
:_______________________________.
nag ydw <NAAG
ə-du> [ˡnɑːg
əˡdʊ] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I'm not
:_______________________________.
nag ydi <NAAG
ə-di> [ˡnɑːg
əˡdɪ] (verb)
1 (North) (reply) no, he she it isn't
:_______________________________.
nag ydych <NAAG
ə-dikh> [ˡnɑːg
əˡdɪx] (verb) (reply)
1 no, you aren't
:_______________________________.
nag ydyn <NAAG
ə-din> [ˡnɑːg
əˡdɪn] (verb) (reply)
1 no, they're not
:_______________________________.
nai, neiaint <NAI,
NEI-aint, -ent> [naɪ,
ˡnəɪaɪnt, -ɛnt] (masculine noun)
1 nephew
:_______________________________.
naid <NAID> [naɪd] masculine
noun
PLURAL neidiau <NEID-yai, -ye> [ˡnəɪdjaɪ, -jaɪ, -ɛ]
1 jump, leap
rhoi naid take a jump, do a jump
(“give a jump”)
2 (Athletics) jump
gwrthnaid backward jump
hwb, cam a naid triple jump; hop,
skip and jump
naid ar herfa running jump
naid cwningen rabbit jump
naid driphlyg triple jump
naid gwrcwd plural: neidiau cwrcwd crouch jump
naid hir long jump
naid stond standing jump
naid uchel high jump
naid wib plural: neidiau gwib running jump
2 jump = copulation
rhoi naid i copulate with;
·····(1) (of a stallion) cover (the mare)
·····(2) (of a man) give (a woman) the jump;
3 jump = obstacle to be jumped over
4 (South-east Wales) arch of a bridge
pont pump naid (= pont pum naid) a
five arch bridge
5 (native Laws) measure equal to nine feet
6 ar un naid = in one go
7 ar naid (heraldry)
salient = represented as leaping
8 (modifier) leap = having
an intercalary day, an extra day inserted in the calendar
blwyddyn naid = leap year
diwrnod naid = leap day, February 29
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British *natiâ
Cf Latin natâre (= to swim)
:_______________________________.
Naid-y-march
<naid ə MARKH> [naɪd ə ˡmarx]
1 hamlet SJ1675 and farm SJ1675 in the county of Sir y Fflint. The
English name is “Horse’s Leap”.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/browse.php?p=337878 map
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) leap (of) the horse” (naid = leap) + (y definite article) + (march = horse)
:_______________________________.
naiff
<NAIF> [naɪf] verb
1 naiff < wnaiff < a wnaiff who will do, who will make; which
will do, which will make. Gwnaiff =
third person singular of the future of gwneud
(= to do)
Pa beth a wnaiff ef? > Be’ naiff e? What will he do? ((“it
is”) what thing that he will do?”)
:_______________________________.
na'i gilydd
<nai GII-lidh> [naɪ giˑlɪð]
1 than others, than other people (“than its fellow”)
Yn y dre hon y mae yna rai lleoedd sydd
yn saffach na'i gilydd i fyw ynddyn nhw
in this town there are some places which are safer to live in than others
rhywun mwy caredig na'i gilydd
somebody kinder than other people
:_______________________________.
naill <NAILH> [ˡnaɪɬ ] (determiner)
1 (South Wales) one of two = having only one remaining
..1/ naill adain = one-winged; in
difficulties following the death of a husband or wife
..2/ naill fraich = one-armed
..3/ naill goes = one-legged
..4/ naill lygad = one-eyed
2 one = chosen instead of the other
naill ochr to one side, on one side;
away, stored, not in use
3 either = both
naill ochr on either side, on both
sides
Sioni naill ochr (1) hypocrite
(person who supports two opposing sides); (2) shrimp
4 y naill (+
soft mutation + noun) = the one
5 y naill ddiwrnod ar ôl y llall
day after day (“the one day after the other”)
6 o'r naill ben i'r llall
from one end to the other
o'r naill ben i'r llall i (rywbeth)
from one end to the other (of something)
Erbyn hyn daeth angen am faelfa (shop)
yn y lle, canys nad oedd yr un yn y cwm o'r naill ben i'r llall iddo Aeron
Afan (1855) page 94
Then there came the need for a shop in the place as there wasn't one in the
valley from one end to the other
o’r naill ben i’r flwyddyn i’r llall from one end of the year to the
other, from year’s end to year’s end
7 dwyn o’r naill law i dalu’r llall to
rob Peter to bay Paul (“steal from one hand he to pay the other”)
8 yn y naill dŷ na'r llall in either house
Ni chawsom wahoddiad i aros dros nos yn
y naill dŷ na'r llall
We weren’t invited to
stay overnight in either house
ETYMOLOGY: naill < neill < y neill < yn eill (yn = obsolete form of the definite
article) + (form related to all =
other, ail = second)
:_______________________________.
y naill a'r
llall <ə NAILH
ar LHALL> [ə ˡnaɪɬ ar ˡɬaɬ]
pronoun
1 both of them
Mae’r naill a’r llall wedi gwrthod dod
Both have refused to come
2 each of us / you / them
ETYMOLOGY: (y naill = the one ) + (a = and) + (y llall = the other)
:_______________________________.
naill adain
<nailh AA-dain, -den> [ˡnaɪɬ ˡɑˑdaɪn,
-ɛn] adjective
1 one-winged
Used of a man whose wife has died or a woman whose husband has died.
bod yn naill adain be at a real loss, find it hard to live alone, be all
alone
Druan fach, naill aden fydd hi nawr,
wedi colli’i gŵr
The poor thing, she’ll be find it hard now after losing her husband
(Example from Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / University of Wales Dictionary,
tudalen / page 2550):
ETYMOLOGY: (naill = one (of two)) +
(adain = wing)
:_______________________________.
y naill y llall
<ə NAILH ə LHALH> [ə ˡnaɪɬ ə ˡɬaɬ]
pronoun
1 each other
Roeddynt yn cyfarch y naill y llall They
were greeting each other
ETYMOLOGY: (y naill = the one ) + (y llall = the other)
:_______________________________.
nain, neiniau ‹NAIN, NEIN-yai, -ye› [naɪn, ˡnəɪnjaɪ,
-jɛ] (feminine noun)
1 (North Wales) grandmother
Diminutive form: neina
<NEI-na› [ˡnəɪna] grandma,
gran, grannie
:_______________________________.
naint <naint> [naɪnt]
1 an old plural form of nant (= valley;
stream), nowadays nentydd (= streams).
:_______________________________.
nam PLURAL namau <NAM,-
NA-mai, -me> [nam,
ˡnamaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine noun)
1
defect, fault, imperfection
2 di-nam blameless, faultless;
unblemished, pure; honest, true
(di-
= privative prefix) + (nam =
imperfection)
:_______________________________.
na'm / nam <NAM> [nam]
1 yna + ddim (there
+ no)
nid oes syndod (literary form) (= it's not surprising)
> nid oes yna ddim syndod (base
colloquial form)
> does na'm
syndod (colloquial form)
> ’s na’m syndod, snam syndod
(colloquial form)
(nid = not) + (oes = is) + (yna =
there) + (ddim = no) + (syndod = surprise)
:_______________________________.
Nan <NAN> [nan] ‹NAN› (feminine noun)
1 diminutive of the name Ann
:_______________________________.
nannau <NA-nai,
-ne> [ˡnanaɪ, -ɛ]
1 an old plural form of nant (= valley;
stream), nowadays nentydd (= streams).
:_______________________________.
nant
(1) <NANT> [nant] masculine noun
PLURAL nentydd,
nantoedd <NEN-tidh, NAN-toidh, -todh > [ˡnɛntɪð, ˡnan–tɔɪð,
–ɔð]
Older plurals are naint, nannau
1
(obsolete) valley. In later times it came to mean stream, and is a feminine
noun (probably through its association with afon (= river), a feminine
noun). See the entry below.
2 second element in some compound forms: ceunant / crafnant /
creignant / crognant / dyfnant /
ffinnant
…………………………..
..a/ ceunant (m) ravine (ceu- < cau = empty) + (nant = valley); in the south counant
y ceunant = the deep valley
…………………………..
..b/ crafnant
“the valley of the ramsons / wild garlic; wild-garlic valley”
(craf = ramsons / wild garlic) + (nant = valley)
SH7662 Afon Crafnant river in the
county of Conwy, flowing north-east from the reservoir called Llyn Crafnant,
and joining the river Conwy north of Tréfriw
…………………………..
..c/ crognant (m) hanging valley –
valley produced by glacial erosion which drops steeply into a main valley (crog- < crogi = to hang) + (nant = valley);
y crognant = the hanging valley
…………………………..
..d/ dyfnant (m) deep narrow valley,
ravine (dyfn- < dwfn = deep) + (nant = valley);
y dyfnant = the deep valley
…………………………..
..e/ ffinnant ‹FI-nant›[ˡfɪnant] (ffin = boundary) + (nant =
stream)
…………………………..
..g/ Gwennant Woman’s name (“white stream / brook” ) (gwen-, gwenn-, < gwen feminine
form of gwyn = white) + (nant = stream) > gwén-nant < gwennant
4 Ffilmiau’r Nant (“Y
Nant films”) TV production company located in the town of Caernarfon
Y Nant (“the valley”) is Nantperis
(“(the) valley (of) Peris”) (nowadays the village of Llanberis, where nant has been confused with llan,
a much more usual first element in a settlement name. This is the home village
of the founder of the company.
5
Nanmor (< Nántmor < Nántmawr < nant mawr “great valley”)
village by Beddgelert
Dafydd Nanmor a praise bard of the 1400s was from this valley
6
in certain place names, confusion has occurred, and nant (= valley) has been replaced by llan (= church):
..1/ Llanddewi Nant Hodni > Nant’oddni (= valley of the Hodni /
Hoddni river) > Llanto’ni / Llantoni
..2/ Llanfihangel Nant Teyrnon > Nant-teyrnon (= valley of Teyrnon)
> Llantarnam
..3/ Nant Carfan / Nantcarfan > Llancarfan (= valley of
Carfan)
..4/ Nant Garan / Nantgaran (valley of the Garan stream) > Llangaran
(> Llangaron?, with the change of a > o which occurs in the final
syllable of some words in Welsh, as in medieval Welsh cawad = shower, modern
Welsh cawod). Spelt in English Llangarron. This is a village in Herefordshire
England, in former Welsh lands west of the Gwy (Wye) river, and is a few miles
south-west of Rhosan ar Ŵy¨ (Ross on Wye)
..4/ Nant Peris / Nantperis (= valley of Peris) > Llanberis
..5/ Nant Rhirid / Nantrhirid (= valley of Rhirid) > Llantriddid (on
English-language maps as Llantrithyd)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/ST0472
map, the village
Possibly because village names with nant (= valley) as a first element
are not common in Wales, nant occurring mainly as a non-habitative name,
there was a tendency to replace it with llan, a much commoner first
element in settlement names
ETYMOLOGY:
Welsh nant < British < Celtic
From the same British root:
..1/ Cornish nans (formerly nant) (= valley) – both common in place
names in Cornwall (nant in the east,
nans in the west).
..2/ Breton ant (= furrow) (an
example of wrong word-division - an nant
came to be understood as an ant). In
place names, nant (= valley)
In Gaulish too there was a word nant-
(= valley), appearing as an entry nanto, "valle" in
Endlichers Glossary (The Glossary is a Gaulish-Latin wordlist in a manuscript
of the 800s, a copy of an earlier work probably from the 500s or 600s. It was
compiled by a native of South Gaul, and lists Gaulish words which would have
been still in use at the time it was written. The Glossary is preserved in the
Austrian National Library.)
(delw 7222)
Nanteuil, in south-eastern France, is Gaulish nant-ial-o “valley clearing”,
corresponding to Welsh nant (= (older) valley; (nowadays) stream) and iâl (= (older) clearing; (later) cultivated upland).
(Had this compound occurred in British and had passed into Welsh it would have been “Neintial” in modern Welsh)
In the Arpitan language (also called ‘Franco-Provençal) in the Alpine border
regions of the states of Italy, France and Switzerland, nant is
apparently still in use as a common noun, as well as being quite frequently
found in place names in Arpitania (these Alpine regions where Arpitan is
spoken). See the following entry: Welsh nant = stream
NOTE: Obsolete plural forms are
1. nannau
from (nant) + (plural suffix au).
Note the change nt- > nnh- >
nn- (nant-eu > nan-nheu > nan-neu
/ nannau)
Compare cant (= one hundred), cannoedd (= hundreds).
See -nn-
2. naint, from a Middle Welsh form neint
British (stem nant- + -i) > *neint-i > Welsh
neint > naint
:_______________________________.
nant
(2) <NANT> [nant] feminine or masculine noun
PLURAL nentydd,
nantoedd <NAN-toidh,
-todh, NAN-tidh> [ˡnan–tɔɪð, –tɔð, ˡnantɪð]
Older plurals are naint, nannau
1
(feminine noun) stream, brook. In older Welsh, it meant valley, and was a
masculine noun. See the entry above. Its feminine gender proabably came about
because of the word’s association with afon (= river), a feminine word.
Occurs in Cambrian English as ‘nant’ (“the dog was in the nant” etc)
Safai Gerddi Gleision ar waelod darn o nant goediog, gysgodol, mewn lle
oedd yn llygad haul canol dydd (Melin-y-ddôl; William a Myfanwy Eames;
1948; t121)
Gerddi Gleision stood in at the bottom of part of a sheltered wooded stream, in
a place which received the midday sun
2
(= stream) second element in some compound forms
..1/ cornant (f) little stream,
brook, runlet, small stream (cor-
prefix = little)
y gornant = the little stream
..2/ glasnant (f) blue stream
y lasnant = the blue stream
..3/ llednant (f) tributary, feeder
(lled- = half)
..4/ mornant (f) (coastline) inlet ,
creek (môr = sea)
y fornant = the creek
..5/ rhagnant (f) tributary, feeder
(rhag- = before)
3 ffinnant boundary stream
(ffin = boundary, border) + (nant = stream)
House name in Bangor (county of Gwynedd) (in the list of members in “The
Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion” 1961 / Part 1) (spelt
“Ffinant”)
4
Afon Cadnant = name of various
streams; “strong stream, stream with a strong flow”, literally “battle-stream”
5
Names of houses and streets
Sŵn-y-nant (“(the) sound (of)
the stream”) A street name in
..a/ Pen-coed (county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr) (“Swn y Nant”)
..b/ Gartholwg (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf) (“Swn y Nant”)
..c/ Penpedairheol (county of Caerffili) (“Swn y Nant”)
..d/ Creunant (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan) (“Swn y Nant”)
..e/ Trimsaran (county of Trimsaran) (“Swn y Nant”)
..f/ Cwm-twrch Isaf (county of Powys (Brycheiniog)
(“Swn-y-Nant”)
..g/ Bryn-coch Uchaf, Yr Wyddgrug (county of Y Fflint) (“Swn y Nant”)
Sibrwd-y-nant (“(the) whispering (of) the stream”)
House name in Pont-iets
(county of Caerfyrddin)
6 Hafnant
‘summer stream’ (haf = summer) +
(nant = stream)
..a/ (SH8046) stream in Aberconwy (county of Conwy)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/417595 map
..b/ street name in Winsh-wen, Abertawe (county of Abertawe)
7 house name: Llais y Nant / Llais-y-nant (“(the) sound /
voice (of) the stream”). Also, with the elements reversed, Nantlais (nant = stream)
8
(SJ2850) Y Nant locality 5km west of
Wrecsam, by Coed-poeth (county of Wrecsam). On English-language maps as “The
Nant”. This would seem to be the case of a short name displacing the original
full name.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SJ2850 Y Nant
9
mor sicr â'r nant i'r afon as sure
as sure, there can be no doubt about it (“as sure as the
stream to the river”, as sure as a stream flows down into a river)
10 nant (= stream) would seem to be a masculine noun in some place names
Nant Garw (= “rough stream”, stream where the water flows with great
force), rather than *Nant Arw
11 SN5162 Pennant village in Ceredigion pen y nant “(the) head
(of) the valley” > pen-nánt > (stress shift) pén-nant
12 First element in numerous stream names (some of these examples
though might be nant = valley, rather
than the name of a stream)
Nant Aberbleiddyn, Nant Aberderfel, Nant Adwy'r Llyn, Nant Aman
Fach, Nant Arberth, Nant Bachell, Nant y Bachws, Nant Bachwy,
Nant Barrog, Nant y Betws, Nant Brân, Nant
Brwyn, Nant Brwynog, Nant y Bugail, Nant Caeach, Nant Caedudwg,
Nant Carfan, Nant Carn, Nant Cerrig y Gro,
Nant Cledlyn, Nant y Coed, Nant Craig y
Frân, Nant Creuddyn, Nant Crychell, Nant Crymlyn, Nant Cwm Tywyll,
Nant Cwm Pydew, Nant y Cyllyll, Nant Cymrun,
Nant Cynnen, Nant Ddu, Nant Derbyniad,
Nant yr Eira, Nant Felys, Nant Ffridd Fawr,
Nant y Ffrith, Nant Gewyn, Nant Goch, Nant y Graean, Nant y Gro, Nant y Groes,
Nant Gwennol, Nant Gwilym, Nant Gwyn, Nant Gwynant, Nant Gyhirych, Nant y
Gylchedd, Nant Hafesb, Nant yr Hafod, Nant yr Hengwm, Nant Hesgog,
Nant Hir, Nant Islyn, Nant Leidiog,
Nant Magwr, Nant Meichiad, Nant Melai,
Nant Methan, Nant y Moch, Nant Olwy, Nant y Pandy, Nant Paradwys, Nant Pasgen
Bach, Nant Pen y Cnwc, Nant Peris, Nant Pibwr, Nant Rhydwen,
Nant Rhyd y Fedw, Nant Rhysfa, Nant Sarffle, Nant y Sarn,
Nant y Stabl, Nant Tawelan, Nant Terfyn,
Nant Trefil, Nant Treflyn, Nant Trogi,
Nant y Waun, Nant Ystradau etc
12 In place names, it can be ‘valley’ or ‘stream’, depending on the
history of each name. Some are obviously ‘stream’, others obviously “valley”,
but some are doubtful.
Aber-nant, Creignant, Creunant,
Crugnant, Glan-y-nant, Hirnant, Min-y-nant, Nannerch, Nant Ffrancon, Nant Gwrtheyrn, Rhuddnant, Trefnant, Trinant
13 Gwêl-y-nant view of the stream
(gwêl = view) + (y definite article) + (nant = stream,
valley)
NOTE: In Arpitan (or Francoprovençal), a Latinate language spoken in the Alpine
region in the border zones of three modern states – Italy, France and
Switzerland, ‘nant’ was originally ‘valley’, and the word is
still used to this day in the sense, though nowadays it has the sense of
‘stream’ (or a torrent, or mountainside stream, given the nature of the
topography), parallelling the sense development in Welsh.
Gaulish nant-u / nant-o- (= valley) was taken into Vulgar Latin,
which in these regions evolved into modern-day Arpitan.
Place names
with nant or derivative forms are abundant – for example
..1/ Le Bon Nant, a stream flowing into the Arve in Upper Savoy;
..2/ Le Nantet (“little stream”) in Annemasse in Upper Savoy;
..3/ Nantbellet (“Bellet’s stream”) in Upper Savoy.
(Bellet is an Arpitan personal name
formed from (bell = fair, good-looking) + (-et diminutive
suffix))
(delw
7223)
In Geneva, it still has, or had, the sense of ‘valley’ (nant :
C´était un ravin boisé au fond duquel coule un petit ruisseau)
(Translation: nant: it was a wooded ravine at the bottom of which a small
stream flowed.)
(From Termes Regionaux de Suisse Romande et de Savoie
http://henrysuter.ch/glossaires/patoisN0.html#nant ).
ETYMOLOGY: Elsh < British
nant- < Celtic.
The Indo-European root is *nem-,
“a curve or slope” (Porkorny p.764).
:_______ :_______________________________.
Nant Conwy
<nant-KOO-niu> [nant ˡkoˑnʊɪ]
1
division (kúmmud / cwmwd) of the kántrev (cantref) of Arllechwedd
2
Nantconwy (pre-1974) former rural
district in the county of Caernarfon
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) valley (of the river) Conwy) (nant = valley; modern Welsh = stream) + (Conwy river name)
________________________.
Nantcriba
<nant-KRII-ba> [nant ˡkriˑba]
1
farm SJ2301 on Clawdd Offa, north of Trefaldwyn / Montgomery and east of
Ffordun / Fordern
2 township (English name: Wropton)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/826795
NOTE: The National Gazetteer (1868)] "WROPTON, a township in the parish of Forden, county Montgomery, 3 miles N. of Montgomery."
(delw 7414)
ETYMOLOGY: nant criba < ??nant y criba ??nant y cribau “(the) stream (of) the ridges (nant = stream) + (y definite article) +
(cribau, plural of crib = ridge)
:_______________________________.
Nant Daear Llwynog <nant
DEI-ar LHUI-nog> [nant dəɪar
ˡɬʊɪnɔg]
1
valley in Dwygyfylchi, through which the fast-flowing Afon Gyrach descends from
the moorland
The short form is Y Nant
“Penmaenmawr Historical
Society Booklet 1978” on the Penmaenmawr and Dwygyfylchi Website http://www.penmaenmawr.com/historyVillageNames.html
The English name is “The Fairy Glen”
ETYMOLOGY: nant daear y llwynog “(the) valley (of) (the) earth (of) the
fox
(nant = stream) + (daear =
earth) + (y definite article) + (llwynog = fox)
The loss of the linking definite article is very common in place names
:_______________________________.
Y Nant Ddu
<ə nant DHII> [ə nant ˡðiː]
1 stream name in Treharris (Merthyrtudful)
There is a
Nant Ddu Terrace SO0605 (which would be Rhestr y Nant Ddu in Welsh) and
nearby, to the north-est, a road called Blackbrook Road, whichnin Welsh would
be Heol y Nant Ddu
2 probably the Welsh name of the stream by Blackbrook House SO4420, Ynysgywraidd / Skenfrith SO4520
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SO4220
ETYMOLOGY:
“the black stream” (y definite
article) + (nant = stream) + soft
mutation + (du = black)
:_______________________________.
Nant Dyfrgi
<nant DƏVR-gi> [nant ˡdəvrgɪ]
1 stream name in Ystradowen, county of Bro Morgannwg
ETYMOLOGY: nant y dyfrgi “(the) brook (of) the otter”
(nant = stream) + (y definite article) + (dyfrgi = otter)
:_______________________________.
Nant Ffrancon
<nant-FRANG-kon> [nant ˡfrankɔn] feminine noun
1 SH6363 part of the valley of the Ogwen between Bethesda and Llyn
Ogwen (in the county of Gwynedd)
Postal Address: Nant Ffrancon, Bethesda, BANGOR, Gwynedd
2
Tremffrancon name of a street in
Bethesda (“view (of) (Nant) Ffrancon”) (“Trem Ffrancon”)
:_______________________________.
Y Nant Garw
<ə nant-GAA-ru> [ə
nant ˡgɑˑrʊ]
1
A stream name noted by John Hobson Mathews (Mab Cernyw) 'Cardiff Records'
(1889-1911)
“NANT-GARW (rough brook.) A brook of this name divides the parishes of Leckwith
and Caerau.”
:_______________________________.
Nantglyn
<NANT-glin> [ˡnantglɪn] feminine
noun
1 SJ0061 locality the
county of Dinbych, 6km south-east of the town of Dinbych
ETYMOLOGY: ?
:_______________________________.
Nant Helygi <nant-he-LƏ-gi> [nant hɛˡləgɪ] feminine
noun
1 SJ1803, near Berriw (Powys)
The English name is “Luggy Brook”, from a clipped form in Welsh Nant ’Lygi
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/553014
:_______________________________.
nanti
‹nan -ti› feminine noun
<NAN-ti> [ˡnantɪ]
1 (a vocative form, or used as a title followed by a personal name)
auntie
Nanti Jên Auntie Jane
ETYMOLOGY: nanti < yn anti (= my auntie) (yn, colloquial form of fy = my)
:_______________________________.
Nantlais
‹nant -lais› <NANT-lais> [ˡnantlaɪs]
1 house name
2
street name
..a/ Corntwn (county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr) (“Nantlais”)
..b/ Cwmllynfell (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan) (“Nantlais”)
..c/ Mwynglawdd (county of Wrecsam) (“Nantlais”)
..d/ Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr (spelt erroneously as “Nant Lais”, as two words
although it is in fact a compound form. The spelling Nant Lais suggests that
the stress is on the final element – though in fact is is on the penult - and
that the meaning is “stream (belonging to) (someone called) Lais”)
ETYMOLOGY: “stream-voice”, the sound of the stream
(nant = stream) + soft mutation + (llais = voice)
:_______________________________.
Nant-moel <nant-MOIL> [nantˡmɔɪl]
1 Name of a farm south of Mynydd y
Glog, north-east of Hirwaun. (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Also:
Nant-moel Uchaf (farm name) (uchaf = “highest”, upper)
Cronlyn Nant-moel (name of a reservoir near the farm) (cronlyn =
reservoir)
ETYMOLOGY: Nant-moel (settlement
name) < Nant Moel (name of a natural feature) < Nant y Moel
The name is the same as that of Nant-y-moel (qv), village in the county
of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
The loss of the linking definite article is common place names
MEANING: Possibly “the valley / the stream of the monk”
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (moel = bald
man; tonsured man; from the adjective moel = bald, tonsured)
Moel (f) is ‘bare hill’ but in this name it is a masculine noun.
Compare the corresponding word in Irish: maol (= devotee of a saint). It
occurs in some Irish surnames.
:_______________________________.
nantoedd <NANT-oidh,-odh> [ˡnantɔɪð,
ˡnantɔð]
1 an alternative plural form of nant (=
valley; stream), generally nentydd (= streams).
:_______________________________.
Nant Talwg ‹nant TAA-lug›
1 In Y Barri (county of Bro Morgannwg) there is a stream called Nant Talwg. The stream name Talwg is
taken from the name of a ford.
Talwg
< Rytalwg (Rhy’ Talwg)
< Rytalog (Rhy’ Talog)
< Ryd Halog (Rhyd Halog) (= dirty
ford / muddy ford)
There is devoicing of d before h, and the h is lost (d + h) + (t)
..a/ The name occurs in the name of a street “Nant Talwg Way“, which would be
in Welsh Heol Nant Talwg or simply Nant Talwg / Nant-talwg
..b/ Coed Cwm Talwg name of a wood
here
..c/ Cwm Talwg name of a public
house here
NOTE: The change -og > -wg in the south-west is also to be
seen in the place names
...a/ Llangatwg > Llangadog (also with a change typical of the south-east - d as the initial consonant of the final
syllable > t
..b/ Morgannwg
..c/ Gwynllw^g
Talwg
< Rytalwg (Rhy’ Talwg)
< Rytalog (Rhy’ Talog)
< Ryd Halog (Rhyd Halog) (= dirty
ford / muddy ford)
There is devoicing of d before h, and the h is lost (d + h) + (t)
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-caws
<nant-ə-KAUS> [nant
ə ˡkaʊs]
1 SN4518 locality in the county of Caerfyrddin, 4km east of
Caerfyrddin
Nant-y-caws, CAERFYRDDIN, Dyfed
2 SN4518 locality 3km south of Croesoswallt (Oswestry), Anglaterra
ETYMOLOGY: As it stands, this is (“(the) stream (of) the cheese”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (caws = cheese)
In fact,
earlier forms show the final element to be cawsi (qv) (= causeway)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Ci
<nant ə KII> [nant
ə ˡkiː]
1 Stream name, west of
Caerfyrddin / Carmarthen, and north-west of Llan-llwch
http://www.geograph.org.uk/browse.php?p=197557
map
Nant-y-ci A farm SN3719 at this place (spelt “Nantyci” on the Ordnance
Survey map)
Maes
Sioe’r Siroedd Unedig, Nant-y-ci The United Couinties Showground, Nant-y-ci
2 Clos Nant y Ci <KLOOS nant ə KII> [ˡkloːs nant ə ˡkiː] Street name in Saron SN6012, west of Rhydaman (“Nant y Ci Close”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/68987 map
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) stream (of) the dog”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (ci = dog)
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-ffin <nant-Ə-FIIN> [nant ə ˡfiːn]
1 locality SN5532 in the
county of Caerfyrddin, 3km south-west of Abergorlech, on the road to Brechfa
2 street name in Llansamlet (county in Abertawe).
Occurs as “Nantyffin South” (in Welsh, this would be Nant-y-ffin Isa)
and “Nantyffin North” (Nant-y-ffin Ucha)
ETYMOLOGY: boundary stream (“(the)
stream (of) the boundary, the border”)
(nant = stream) + (y definite article) + (ffin = boundary,
border)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Fflint
<nant-ə-FLINT> [nant ə ˡflɪnt]
1 (SJ2473) Stream running into the river Dyfrdwy by Y Fflint
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) stream (of) Y Fflint”) – that is, “the stream in the town of
Y Fflint”
(nant = stream) + (Y Fflint = town name)
:_______________________________.
Nantygleisiad
<nant-ə-GLEI-shad> [nant
ə ˡgləɪʃad]
1 street name in Rhesolfen, (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan)
ETYMOLOGY nant y gleisiad (“(the) stream (of) the salmon”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (gleisiad = young salmon)
Gleisiad is (glas = blue) + (-iad
suffix), “(the) blue one”, i.e. blue fish. In its first year the back of a
salmon is bluish in colour.
NOTE: Locally one would expect gleisiad > gli’siad <GLII-shad> [ˡgliˑʃad]
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-glo
<nant-ə-GLOO> [nant
ə ˡgloː]
1 village in the county of Blaeanau Gwent
The “English” name is the poor Welsh spelling Nantyglo.
2 Nanty Glo, Cambrian county, Pennsylvania.
The place so name in the USA has the idiosyncratic spelling Nanty Glo, probably
a device to indicate that the stress is on the final element of the name
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanty-Glo,_Pennsylvania#cite_ref-GR1_0-0
ETYMOLOGY (“(the) valley (of) the coal or charcoal”)
(nant = valley) + (y = definite article) + (glo = coal or charcoal)
Although the original meaning was probably “valley” of the coal rather than
“stream” of the coal, part of Nant-y-glo in Blaenau Gwent has the English name
Coalbrookvale, which seems to be a translation of a Welsh name Cwm Nant y Glo.
Such a Welsh name would suggest that ‘nant’ has been understood as stream, and
that Nant y Glo is the name of the stream flowing down this valley.
If so, the stream probably had another name at one time.
:_______________________________.
Nant y Milwr
<nant ə MII-lur> [nant
ə ˡmiˑlʊr]
1 Nant y Milwr (natural
feature; elements are written separately). Name of a stream in Craig-cefn-parc
(county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan)
2 Nantymilwr a farm at
this place (settlement names are written as one word)
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) stream (of) the soldier”, the soldier’s stream. In such names
the singular form could refer to a group – hence “the stream of the soldiers”,
“soldiers’ stream”)
(nant = stream) + (y = the) + (milwr = soldier)
Compare Gwlad y Sais (an old
literary name or a jocular name for England – “the land of the Englishman” – that is, “the land of the
Englishmen”)
:_______________________________.
Nantymilwr
<nant-ə-MII-lur> [nant
ə ˡmiˑlʊr]
1 See Nant y Milwr
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-moel <nant-ə-MOIL> [nant ə ˡmɔɪl]
1 (SS9392) locality (village) in the
county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
Local name Nant-y-mo’l <nant-ə-MOOL> [nant
ə ˡmoːl]
(1961); population: 3,259; proportion of Welsh-speakers: 19%
(1971) population: 2,685; proportion of Welsh-speakers: 10%
2 A local election ward for this
village; it is represented by one seat on the county borough council of Pen-y-bont
ar Ogwr
3 The same name (without the linking
definite article) Nant-moel occurs as a farm name south of Mynydd y
Glog, north-east of Hirwaun (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Nearby are:
Nant-moel Uchaf (farm name) meaning “Upper Nant-moel” (uchaf = “highest”,
upper)
Cronlyn Nant-moel (name of a reservoir) “(the) Reservoir (at) Nant-moel”
(cronlyn = reservoir)
ETYMOLOGY: Possibly “the valley of the
monk” (nant = valley) + (y = definite article) + (moel =
bald man; tonsured man; from the adjective moel = bald, tonsured)
Moel (f) is ‘bare hill’ but in this name it is a masculine noun.
The corresponding word in Irish is the adjective maol (= bald), which is
also used as a noun (= devotee of a saint).
It occurs in some Irish and Scottish names and surnames (Maol Caluim,
“Malcolm”, devotee of saint Columba)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Pandy
<nant ə PAN-di> [nant ə ˡpandɪ]
1 SJ1542 stream on north
side of the village of Glyndyfrdwy flowing into the river Dyfrdwy
2 name of a woodland area in the centre of the town of Llangefni
(county of Môn).
English name: The Dingle
ETYMOLOGY: “the valley or stream of the fulling mill”
(nant = valley / stream) + (y = definite article) + (pandy = fulling mill)
NOTE: Non-settlement names are written with the elements separated. Cf Nantypandy below, where this same name
is that of a settlement.
:_______________________________.
Nantypandy
<nant ə PAN-di> [nant ə ˡpandɪ]
1 SH6874 place on
south-east side of Llanfairfechan
ETYMOLOGY: See Nant y Pandy above
NOTE: Settlement names are written as a single word. Cf. the non-settlement
name Nant y Pandy above
:_______________________________.
Nant y Pysgod
<nant ə PƏ-skod> [nant
ə ˡpəskɔd]
1 stream in Patagonia
ETYMOLOGY: “the stream of the fish (i.e. fishes)”
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (pysgod = fish, plural of pysgodyn = a fish)
:_______________________________.
Nanw <NAA-nu> [ˡnɑˑnʊ] ‹NA nu› (feminine noun)
1 diminutive of the name Ann
:_______________________________.
napcyn <NAP-kin> [ˡnapkɪn] masculine noun
PLURAL napcynau
<nap-KƏ-nai, -ne> [napˡkənaɪ,
napˡkənɛ]
1 napkin = serviette
2 in the south-west, handkerchief (in the form macyn poced)
ETYMOLOGY:
Welsh napcyn is from English napkin (nap = cloth) + (kin =
diminutive suffix).
English nap is from French nape (= tablecloth) < Latin mappa (= cloth, towel)
(a) Mappa is also the origin of the
Welsh word map (= map, i.e.
representation on a flat surface of a geographical area)
(Welsh < English map < French
< Latin mappa).
(b) Modern French nappe =
tablecloth; sheet of ice, oil slick, etc.
NOTE: in the south the plural form is napcynon
‹nap-kə-non›
:_______________________________.
nas <NAAS> [ˡnɑːs]
1 which + not + it
which I have not, which you have not, which he has not, which she has not, etc
which I did not, which you did not, which he did not, which she did not, etc
(depends on the tense of the verb)
llyfr nas prynais a book I didn’t
buy (“a book) + (which-not-it) + (I bought”)
Nid oedd dim nas gwnai There was
nothing he wouldn’t do
2 nas + passive form of
the verb;
which is not, which are not, which was not, which were not, which has not, etc
(depends on the tense of the verb)
Tân a osodwyd yn barod yn y parlwr ond
nas cyneuir oni ddigwydd i rywun pwysig alw
A fire which was set ready in the parlour and which was not lit unless someone
important happened to call
nas gwelwyd ‘which has not been
seen’, unseen
Gwen John nas gwelwyd – name of an
exhibition September 1997, Caer-dydd = “the unseen Gwen John, the Gwen John
never before seen”)
nas gwerthwyd unsold, which has /
have not been sold;
(Commerce) pethau nas gwerthwyd
returns, unsold goods which have been returned
ETYMOLOGY: form of na (relative
pronoun = which + not) + (suffix -s representing a direct object equivalent to English
him / her / it)
:_______________________________.
nash <NASH> [naʃ] masculine
noun
1 in the English phrase of
opprobium “Welsh nash” (Welsh nationalist)
07 04 2005 – a forum gives an example of its use in English "Speak
English you Welsh nash bastard". A comment (mistakes corrected) on how one
might react to this was:
Croeso i unrhyw un f’alw i'n Welsh Nash. Dw i’n cofio Plaid Cymru yn gwerthu
mygiau te gyda 'Nashi' wedi sgwennu ar yr ochr.
Anyone’s welcome to call me a “Welsh Nash”. I remember Plaid Cymru selling tea
mugs with “Nashi” written on the side.
See nashi below
:_______________________________.
nashi <NA-shi> [ˡnaʃɪ] masculine
noun
PLURAL nashis
<NA-shis> [ˡnaʃɪs]
1 A term of contempt in English for Welsh nationalists used by
Welsh-speaking Welsh people whose allegiance is to England, or certain English
people. Used ironically in Welsh by supporters of Welsh independence.
Rywsut, fedra i ddim dychmygu Tori rhonc fel yntau (nac unrhyw Lafurwr
Prydeinig arall) yn penodi mab i nashi i swydd mor bwysig
Somehow I can’t imagine a fervent Tory like himself (or any British Labour
politician) appointing the son of a Nashi to such an important job
Nid rhyw fath o “nashi” yw e, er ei fod yn un o’r Llafurwyr prin sydd yn
gefnogol i’r iaith Gymraeg
He’s not some sort of ‘Nashi’, even though he’s one of the few Labour
politicians who support the Welsh language
Mae'n debyg mod i wedi bod yn dipyn o Nashi ers blynyddoedd
It would seem that I’ve been a bit of a Nashi for a number of years
ETYMOLOGY: (English nash =
nationalist) + (-i diminutive
suffix)
From “Welsh Nash” as a term of oppropium or derision used in English by the
pro-English in Wales (whether English-Welsh or incomers from England).
Nash is the first syllable of the
English word nationalist <NA-shə-nə-list> [ˡnaʃənəlɪst]
:_______________________________.
na’th
<NAATH> [nɑːθ] verb
1
Southern form of gwnaeth / wnaeth (=
he / she / it did; he / she / it made
Usually spelt (less correctly) nath
/ nâth
See aa / gwnaath / naath
:_______________________________.
natred
<NA-tred> [ˡnatrɛd]
1 a regional form of nadroedd
(= snakes).
See neidr
craf y natred (Allium scorodoprasum) (plant
name) Sand leek (“garlic of the snakes”)
:_______________________________.
natur <NA-tir> [ˡnatɪr] (feminine noun)
1 nature = whole system of existence beyond the control of man
gadael i natur ddilyn ei chwrs let
nature take its / her course (“leave to nature following its course”)
byd natur the natural world (“world (of)
nature”)
:_______________________________.
naturiol <na-TIR-yol> [naˡtɪrjɔl] (adj)
1 natural
Y peth
mwyaf naturiol ar y ddaear iddi oedd ceisio helpu mewn argyfwng
It was the most natural thing in the world for her to try and help in a crisis
:_______________________________.
nau <NAI> [naɪ] numeral
1 nasal mutation of dau =
two
fy nau fab = my two sons
:_______________________________.
naw <NAU> [naʊ] (masculine noun)
1 nine
2 bod naw byw cath yn (rhywun)
be like a cat and have nine lives, have the nine lives of a cat (“be nine lives
(of a) cat in someone”)
Roedd naw byw cath yn y bachan hwnnw -
dianc â chroen cyfan o bob batl wnaeth e
He had the nine lives of a cat - he escaped without a scratch from every
battle
:_______________________________.
nawdd-dy
‹NAUDH-di› [ˡnaʊðˡdɪ] masculine
noun
PLURAL nawdd-dai
‹NAUDH-dai› [ˡnaʊðˡdaɪ]
1 shelter, refuge, hostel, home
(Columbus Ohio) y talaethdy mawr, lle
y cyferfydd deddfwrfa Ohio, y carchardy talaethol, y nawdd-dai rhagorol i
fyddariaid, mudion,
deillion, a gwallgofiaid
(Dros Gyfanfor a Chyfandir: Sef Hanes Taith o Gymru at Lanau y Môr Tawelog ac
yn ôl, Trwy brif Daleithau a Thiriogaethau yr Undeb Americanaidd.William Davies
Evans,1883)
The large state house, where the Ohio
legislature meets, the state prison, the splendid home for the deaf, dumb and
blind, and lunatics…
:_______________________________.
nawddsant,
nawddseintiau <NAUDH-sant, naudh-SEINT-yai, -ye> [ˡnaʊðsant,naʊðˡsəɪntjaɪ,
-ɛ] (masculine noun)
1 patron saint
Mae San Siôr yn nawddsant sawl gwlad Saint George is the patron
saint of many countries
Dwynwen yw nawddsant
cariadon Cymru Dwynwen is the patron saint of Welsh lovers
Bydd cinio arbennig yn y neuadd yr wythnos nesaf i ddathlu dydd ein nawddsant There will be a specail
dinner in the hall next week to celebrate the day of our patron saint
:_______________________________.
nawfed <NAU-ved> [ˡnaʊvɛd] (adjective)
1 ninth
2 y nawfed ton the ninth wave, supposed
traditionally to be bigger and stronger than the preceding or following eight
Yn ôl chwedloniaeth y Gwyddel
mae’r nawfed ton yn ffin rhwng y byd hwn a’r Arallfyd
According to Irish mythology the ninth wave is the boundary between this
world and the Otherworld
3 y nawfed ach the ninth degree of kinship, the ninth remove, the ninth
degree of consanguinity, nine generations back from the present one
Dw i ddim yn perthyn iddo hyd yn oed yn y nawfed ach - I'm not even remotely
related to him (“I’m not related to him even in the ninth degree”)
Dyw e ddim yn perthyn iddi o’r nawfed ach I'm not remotely related
to her (“he’s not related to her from the ninth degree”)
olthain ei dras hyd y nawfed ach to trace his descent to nine generations
back
:_______________________________.
nawn <NAUN> [ˡnaʊn] masculine
noun
PLURAL <NOO-nai,
-ne> [ˡnoˑnaɪ, -ɛ]
1 obsolete nones = ninth
hour of the day, around 15.00
2 obsolete nones = a daily
religious service held originally at the ninth hour (15.00), later changed to
midday (12.00, the sixth hour)
3 midday, noon
nawn y dydd hwnnw (adverbial phrase)
on the noon of that day, at noon on that day
4 prydnawn (prynháwn, pnawn) afternoon 12.00 - 18.00
”time of the nones” (pryd = time,
period) + (nawn = the nones)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British < Latin nôna
hôra = the ninth hour (in a monastery), the nones, three in the afternoon -
originally the ninth hour after sunrise
:_______________________________.
naw naw naw
<nau-nau-NAU> [naʊ naʊ ˡnaʊ]
1 nine-nine-nine - the telephone number for calling free of charge
the emergency services in the countries of Britain – police, ambulance, fire
department, coastguard
Ffonia naw naw naw! Dial
nine-nine-nine!
:_______________________________.
nawnddydd
<NAUN-dhidh> [ˡnaʊnðɪð] masculine
noun
1 literary afternoon;
evening
2 literary nawnddydd einioes one's final years,
evening of one's life, evening of one's years (“evening (of) life”)
Nis gellid dymuno lle tawelach i dreulio
nawnddydd einioes na'r Slendai (= elusendai)
A quieter place than the Almshouses to spend the evening of one's years could
not be wished for
ETYMOLOGY: (nawn = midday,
afternoon, three in the afternoon) + soft mutation + (dydd = day)
:_______________________________.
nawnlin
<NAUN-lin> [ˡnaʊnlɪn] feminine
noun
PLURAL nawnliniau
<naun-LIN-yai, -ye> [ˡnaʊnlɪnjaɪ, -ɛ]
1 meridian
ETYMOLOGY: “noon line” (nawn = noon,
midday) + soft mutation + (llin =
line)
:_______________________________.
nawr <NAUR> [naʊr] (adverb)
1 now
2 Nawr neu ddim! Now or never!
:_______________________________.
naws <NAUS> [naʊs] (feminine or masculine
noun)
1 nature, disposition, temperament
2 â naws drist iddo
tinged with sadness (“with a sad nature / touch to it”)
:_______________________________.
nawsaerydd PLURAL
nawsaeryddion <naus-EI-ridh,
naus-ei-RƏDH-yon> [naʊsˡəɪrɪð,
naʊsəɪˡrəðjɔn] (masculine
noun)
1 air conditioner
:_______________________________.
-nd-
British nd > nn > nn (medial
position) and n (final position) in
Welsh
land- > llan (originally = land,
ground; later = enclosure; ecclesiastical ground, church); plural llannau
lond- > llon (= cheerful), llonni (= cheer up)
:_______________________________.
ndach <ƏN-dakh> [ˡəndax] (verb) (North-west)
1 yes, you are
:_______________________________.
ndan
<ƏN-dan> [ˡəndan] (verb) (North-west)
1 yes, we are
:_______________________________.
ndech <ƏN-dekh> [ˡəndɛx] (verb)
(North-east)
1 yes, you are
:_______________________________.
nden <ƏN-den> [ˡəndɛn] (verb)
(North-east)
1 yes, we are
:_______________________________.
ndw <ƏN-du> [ˡəndʊ] (verb)
(North Wales)
1 yes, I am
:_______________________________.
ndi <ƏN-di> [ˡəndɪ] (verb)
(North Wales)
1 yes, he is; yes, she is; yes, it is
The 3rd [person] singular ydiw was so written up to the 16th
century; and rhymes with words in -iw, as friw, ýdiw D. G.
(= Dafydd ap Gwilym (North Cardiganshire), floruit 1350-80, reference
[is] to Barddoniaeth Dafydd ap Gwilym… Llundain, 1789) 35 cf. 119, 144,
193, etc. and G. (= Gwalchmai, Anglesey. Floruit 1150-90) 186, 193, 203, 206,
235, 247, also with yw (= iw); see paragraph 77 v. The Late
Modern ydyw is an etymological spelling, and is read ýdiw, except
by a few affected persons. The Noerth Wales dialect form is ýdi (and, in
answering questions only, ndi, a curious attempt to sound y with
the tongue in the d position). South Wales dialect, in questions and
answers, ódi.
(delw 7261)
:_______________________________.
ndyn
<ƏN-din> [ˡəndɪn] (verb) (North Wales)
1 yes, they are
:_______________________________.
neb <NEEB> [neːb] ‹NEEB› (pronoun)
1 nobody
2 fawr neb hardly anyone
Ddaeth fawr neb hardly anybody came
Fu yno fawr neb ddoe there was
hardly anybody there yesterday
3 Ni ddaw i neb ddoe yn ôl
You can’t undo the past, what’s done is done (“yesterday won’t come back to
anybody”)
4 anybody,
any person
Nid di-fai neb a aned No-one's
perfect (“(it is) not without fault anyone who was born”)
5 y neb sydd... whoever is...
Y neb sy’n byw mewn tŷ gwydr gocheled luchio cerrig
People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones
(“the person who lives in a glass house let-him-take-care-not-to throw stones”)
6 neb ohonynt (person)
none of them
Ni siaradodd neb ohonynt None of
them spoke
7
neb na dim anybody or anything,
nobody or nothing
Dydi o’n malio am neb na ddim He
doesn’t care for anybody or anything
8 neb amgen na none other than
neb llai na none other than
:_______________________________.
Nebuchodonosor
<ne-bu-kho-do-NO-sor> [nɛbʊxɔdɔnɔˡsɔr] 1 Nebuchadnezzar [nɛ-bjʊ-kəd-ˡnɛ-zə] = 605-562 BC, a king
of Babylon. He conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the city, and forced the Jews
into exile in Babylon
Nebuchodonosor brenin Babilon
Nebuchadnezzar
Brenhinoedd-2 25:1 Ac yn y nawfed flwyddyn
o'i deyrnasiad ef, yn y degfed mis, ar y degfed dydd o'r mis, y daeth
Nebuchodonosor brenin Babilon, efe a'i holl lu, yn erbyn Jerwsalem, ac a
wersyllodd yn ei herbyn hi, a hwy a adeilasant yn ei herbyn hi wrthglawdd o'i
hamgylch hi. (25:2) A bu y ddinas
yng ngwarchae hyd yr unfed flwyddyn ar ddeg i'r brenin Sedeceia
Kings-2 25:1 And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth
month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came,
he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it: and they built
forts against it round about. (25:2) And the city was besieged unto the
eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
Daniel 1:1 Yn y drydedd flwyddyn o deyrnasiad
Jehoiacim brenin Jwda, y daeth Nebuchodonosor brenin Babilon i Jerwsalem, ac a
warchaeodd arni.
Daniel 1:1 In the third year
of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.
:_______________________________.
nechrau
<NEKH-re> [ˡnɛxˡraɪ, -ɛ]
1 form with nasal mutation of dechrau
= (noun) beginning
yn nechrau’r ail ganrif ar bymtheg
at the beginning of the seventeeth century
:_______________________________.
Nedd ‹needh› <NEEDH> [neːð] feminine
noun
1 SN9111 Afon Nedd =
river in the county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan
The same river name is found in former British territories in England and
Scotland, and in Cornwall:
(delw 7474)
.....(1) (SE5157) “Nidd” = river in the county of North Yorkshire, England (and
Nidderdale, a name of Scandinavian origin incorporating the river name “Nidd” =
“valley of the river Nidd”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199824
SE4846 River Nidd
.....(2) (NY0057) “Nith” = river in Scotland (Strathclyde, Dumfries and
Galloway)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/533026 NX8795 River Nith at Thornhill
.....(3) Nedh (English: River Neet) a river in Cornwall, near the
border with England.
Also in the name of a village on this river: Cornish name: Stras-nedh SS2206
(English name: Stratton) “ystrad Nedd”
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/428414 SS2103 River Neet at Helebridge
(delw 4707)
2 Nedd Fechan (“little
Nedd”) stream which flows into the Nedd river
Pontneddfechan (“bridge over the
Nedd Fechan”) village in Powys SN9107
3 Glyn Nedd the valley of
the river Nedd
Glyn-nedd name of a village in this
valley
4 a division (cwmwd) of
the medieval territory called Gwrinydd
Castell-nedd (“castle in the
territory of Nedd”) town by the river Nedd.
The English name is Neath
Cf. other English names where a district name is used for the main settlement
a) “Brecon” for the town of Aberhonddu, the main town in the territory of
Brycheiniog
b) “Builth”, which in Victorian times was renamed “Builth Wells”, for Llanfair
ym Muallt, the main town in the territory of Buellt.
Fan Nedd name of mountain summit
(“the summit in the territory of Nedd”)
Mynachlog Nedd name of an abbey in
the town of Castell-nedd (“the monastery in the territory of Nedd”)
Mynachlog-nedd village by the abbey,
now part of the town of Castell-nedd (settlement names are spelt as a single
word)
Also the spurious name Abaty-nedd,
wrongly for Mynachlog-nedd which is
known as “Neath Abbey” in English. “Abaty-nedd” is a direct translation of the
English name.
ETYMOLOGY: ??
:_______________________________.
nedda
<NEE-dha> [ˡneˑða] feminine
noun
1 (North-west) Form of neddau
(= adze)
:_______________________________.
neddai
<NEE-dhai, -dhe> [ˡneˑðaɪ, -ɛ] feminine
noun
1 See neddau = adze
:_______________________________.
neddau
<NEE-dhai, -dhe> [ˡneˑðaɪ, -ɛ] feminine
noun
PLURAL neddyfau
<ne-DHƏ-vai, -ve> [nɛˡðəvaɪ, -ɛ]
1 (American: adz) (Englandic: adze) kind of axe for dressing timber
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British
From the same British root: Breton neze
NOTE: There is a variant form neddyf,
nowadays a literary word. From neddyf
the word used in the county of Penfro comes: nife (showing metathesis – the probable path is
(a) neddyf > nefydd (DD-F) > (F-DD)
(b) nifedd (E- I) > (I-E)
(c) nife (loss of final dd).
North-west Wales: nedda < neddau (in this region au in a final syllable becomes a)
North-east Wales: nedde < neddau (in this region au in a final syllable becomes e)
As for the endings -au, -yf (neddau, neddyf) compare the two forms for ‘sword’ – cleddau, cleddyf.
This word neddau (= adze) is related
to a similar word in Welsh: naddu (=
to carve)
:_______________________________.
nedde
<NEE-dhe> [ˡneˑˡðɛ] feminine
noun
1 (North-east) Form of neddau
= adze
:_______________________________.
neddyf
<NE-dhiv> [ˡneˑðɪv] feminine
noun
1 See neddau = adze
:_______________________________.
neddyfau
<ne-DHƏ-vai, -ve> [nɛˡðəvaɪ, -ɛ] feminine
noun
1 Plural form of neddau =
adze
:_______________________________.
nef, nefoedd <NEEV,
NEE-voidh, -vodh> [neːv,
ˡneˑvɔɪð, ˡneˑvɔð] (feminine
noun)
1 heaven
:_______________________________.
nefoedd <NEE-voidh,
-vodh> [ˡneˑvɔɪð,
ˡneˑvɔð] (feminine noun)
1 (a plural form, from “nef”, but
regarded as singular) heaven
:_______________________________.
nefol
<NEE-vol> [ˡneˑvɔl] adjective
1 heavenly
2 y llu nefol the
Heavenly Host = the angels, a group of angels
3 y wledd nefol heavenly bliss (“the heavenly feast”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nef = heaven) + (-ol suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
neges,
negesau <NEE-ges, ne-GE-sai, -se> [neˑgɛs, nɛˡgɛsaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine
noun)
1 message
gwas negesau = errand boy,
messenger
2 object of an errand or
trip to a shop; shopping
hel eich neges o siop y pentref buy things in the village shop (“gather
your shopping”)
3
dod at eich neges come to the point
(“come to your message”)
Der at dy neges! Come to the point!
:_______________________________.
nei
<NEI> [nəɪ] (verb)
1 a colloquial form of wnei, soft
mutated form of gwnei (= you will do)
Beth a wnei di yfory? > Be’ nei di ’fory? What will you do tomorrow?
:_______________________________.
neidio <NEID-yo> [ˡnəɪdjɔ] (verb)
1 to jump
2 (North Wales) neidio’r ciw push
in (in a queue), jump a queue, jump the queue
(in the South tsheto'r gwt) (“cheat
the queue”)
3 neidio ar eich traed
jump to your feet
4
neidio ar y cyfle jump at the chance
= seize the opportunity enthusiastically
neidio ar y cyfle i (wneud rhywbeth)
jump at the chance (to do something)
5 Wedi neidio rhy hwyr peidio
Look before you leap (“after jumping too late not (to jump)”)
6 neidio i'r adwy
come to the rescue (“jump into the breech”)
ETYMOLOGY: (neid-i- stem of neidio = to jump) + (-o suffix for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
neidiol
<NEID-yol> [ˡnəɪdjɔl] adjective
1 jumping, leaping
ysgyfarnog neidiol
jumping hare or spring hare; a large South African and East African
leaping rodent. Full name: Cape jumping hare. Not a true hare. The Afrikaans
name is springhaas. Scientific
name: Pedetes cater.
ETYMOLOGY: (neid-i- stem of neidio = to jump) + (-ol suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
neidr
(“neidir”) <NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr]
PLURAL nadroedd,
nadredd <NA-droidh,
-drodh, -dredh> [ˡnadrɔɪð,
ˡnadrɔð, ˡnadrɛð]
1 snake, serpent
2 snake = doublecrosser
Dw i am ladd y neidr yna I’m going
to kill / I want to kill (“I am for killing”) that doublecrosser
3 spiteful woman
’En nidir oodd i wraig a, yn allws i
gwenwn ar bawb
(Geiriadur y Brifysgol, tudalen 2565, here with altered spelling)
Standard Welsh: Hen neidr oedd ei wraig
ef, yn arllwys ei gwenwyn ar bawb
His wife was a spiteful old thing, always talking badly of everybody / running
down everybody
(“(it is) (an) old snake that-was his wife of-him, pouring her poison on
everybody”)
4 (insult) yr hen neidr i chi
you basttard (“the old snake to you”, you’re an old snake)
5 swynwr nadroedd snake
charmer (“charmer / enchanter (of) snakes”)
6 yn fyw o nadroedd snake
infested (“alive of / with snakes”)
7 croen neidr PLURAL crwyn nadroedd snakeskin
esgid groen neidr (f), esgidiau croen neidr snakeskin shoe
bàg croen neidr (m), bagiau croen neidr snakeskin bag
8 neidr gudd snake in the
grass, treacherous person (“hidden snake / serpent”)
9 servant = animal in the service of another animal, in certain
animal names
gwas y neidr (“(the) servant (of)
the snake”) dragonfly
10 gêm neidr game of
snakes and ladders (“(the) game (of) snakes”)
11
bod wrthi fel petai'n lladd nadroedd,
be going at it all out, be sweating one’s guts out (from great effort), be at
it hammer and tongs (“be at it as if he were killing snakes”)
Also:
bod wrthi fel lladd nadroedd (“be at
it like killing snakes”)
mynd ati fel lladd nadroedd set to it with a vengeance (“go to it like
killing snakes”)
12 (South Wales) coc y neidr
(plant name) (Arum maculatum) lords and ladies, cuckoo pint. Literally “snake’s
penis”, “(the) penis (of) the snake”)
13 craf y nadroedd (Allium scorodoprasum) Sand leek (“garlic
of the snakes”)
craf y natred (Allium scorodoprasum) Sand leek (“garlic of the snakes”)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British < Celtic < Indoeuropean *nêtr
In the two other British-Celtic languages: Cornish nadr (= snake), Breton naer
(= snake) < nazer
In Hibernian-Celtic: Irish nathair
(= snake)
Cf. English adder. This comes from
the wrong division of the word after the indefinite article: an adder < a nadder. The English word can be seen to be cognate with the Welsh
word, having had originally the initial ‘n’ of the Indo-European source word.
NOTE: North-west: neidar <NEI-dar> [ˡnəɪdar] < neider
South-east: nidir <NII-dir> [ˡniˑdɪr]
:_______________________________.
neilltu <NEILH-ti> [ˡnəɪɬtɪ]
1 one side
gosod ychydig o’r
neilltu ar gyfer tymor glawog save a little for a rainy day (“put a
bit aside for a rainy season”)
:_______________________________.
neilltuol <neilh-TII-ol> [ˡnəɪɬˡtiˑɔl]
1 special
enghraifft neilltuol
an isolated example
2 ad hoc
pwyllgor
neilltuol an ad hoc committee
3 specific
gwybodaeth neilltuol specific knowledge
ddydd
Gwener neilltuol ym Mai 1887 on one
specific Friday in May 1887
4 yn neilltuol especially, in
particular
dau fechgyn o’r pentref, yn neilltuol
mab Siân Williams Tyn-y-waun
two boys from the village, especially the son of Siân Williams of
Tyn-y-waun
:_______________________________.
neilltuolrwydd
<neilh-ti-OL-ruidh> [nəɪɬtɪˡɔlrʊɪð]
1 peculiarity
ETYMOLOGY: (neilltuol = particular)
+ (-rwydd suffix for forming
abstract nouns)
:_______________________________.
neina <NEI-na› [ˡnəɪna] (feminine
noun)
1 (North Wales) Diminutive form of nain
(= grandmother); grandma, gran,
grannie
ETYMOLOGY: (nein-, penult form of nain = grandmother) + (-a diminutive suffix)
:_______________________________.
neiniau
<NEIN-yai, -ye> [ˡnəɪnjaɪ, -ɛ] plural
1 grandmother; plural of nain
= grandmother
:_______________________________.
neintio
<NEIN-tyo> [ˡnəɪntjɔ] verb
1 (district of Meirionnydd, in the county of Gwynedd) – neintio is a form (with the loss of the
first syllable) of eneintio, a
variant of eneinio (= to anoint)
:_______________________________.
Neirin
<NEI-rin> [ˡnəɪrɪn] masculine
noun
1 a form of the name Aneirin,
with the loss of the first syllable
:_______________________________.
neis <NEIS> [nəɪs] adjective
1 nice = (person) kind, sympathetic
Roedd hynny’n neis iawn ynddi It was
very nice of her
Dyw e ddim mor neis â hynna He’s not
as nice as that
Ma’ nhw wedi bod yn neis iawn wrtho i.
O, odyn
They’ve been really nice to me. They really have
2 nice = pleasant
Mae’n neis gweld y plant yn mwynháu fel
hyn
It’s nice to see the kids enjoying themselves like this
3 nice = attractive
bocs wedi ei lapio mewn papur neis
a box wrapped in nice paper
4 nice, pleasant = tasty
Mae’r sieri’n rhoi blas neis i’r uwd, wyddoch
The sherry gives the porridge a nice taste, see
5 South-east Wales fussy,
finnicky (about food)
6 Neis cwrdd â chi = Nice
to meet you
7 neis neis overnice,
genteel = trying to be pleasing to everybody, inoffensive
Nid theatr yw’r dramâu neis neis yma
These overnice plays are not theatre, are not what theatre is all about
ETYMOLOGY: English nice (= pleasant)
(originally = fine, precise) < French nice
(= stupid) < Latin nescius (=
ignorant)
:_______________________________.
neisied,
neisedi <NEI-shed, nei-SHEE-di> [ˡnəɪʃɛd,
nəɪˡʃeˑdɪ] (feminine noun)
1 handkerchief
neisied boc pocket handkerchief
South-east: n’ishad [ˡnɪʃad]
:_______________________________.
neithiwr <NEITH-yur> [ˡnəɪθjʊr] (adverb)
1 last night
:_______________________________.
Nel <NEL> [nɛl] (feminine noun)
1 woman's name - diminutive of Elen
:_______________________________.
nelo <NEE-lo> [ˡneˑlɔ]
1 nelo < a wnelo (= which might do)
This is (a = which) + soft mutation
+ (gwnelo = might do, third person
present subjunctive form of gwneud =
make, do)
Does nelo hynny dim byd â... that’s
got nothing to do with (“there isn’t / which might do / that / nothing / (in
the) world / with
Beth sydd a nelo moron â gweld yn y
tywyllwch? What is the connection between carrots and seeing in the dark?
:_______________________________.
nelof <NEE-lov> [ˡneˑlɔv]
1 nelof < a wnelwyf (= which I might do)
This is (a = which) + soft mutation
+ (gwnelwyf = I might do, first
person present subjunctive form of gwneud
= make, do)
Does nelof fi ddim â’r peth > Does nelo i ddim â’r peth I’ve got
nothing to do with the thing (“there isn’t / which might do / I / anything /
with the / thing”)
:_______________________________.
Nelw <NEE-lu> [ˡneˑlʊ] (feminine
noun)
1 woman's name - diminutive of Elen
:_______________________________.
nenfwd,
nenfydau <NEN-vud, nen-VƏ-dai, -de> [ˡnɛnvʊd, nɛnˡvədaɪ,
-ɛ] (masculine noun)
1 ceiling
:_______________________________.
nentydd ñ <NEN-tidh> [ˡnɛntɪð] (plural noun)
1 streams; see nant
:_______________________________.
nêr <NEER> [neːr] (plural noun)
1 lord, chief
2 Nerɥs <NEE-ris> [ˡneˑrɪs] Female name “lady, female ruler”
(a modern coining) nêr (= lord, chief) + (-ys – suffix
use in creating female names)
ETYMOLOGY: Indo-European root: 
Cf The Welsh word nerth (= strength),
and Irish neart (= strength) < Celtic nert-o-
Cf Greek anir (= man), Alexandros
“protector of man” i.e. protector of men
(alex = protector, defender < alexein = to ward off, protect,
to defend) + andros (anir = man, andros = of man).
Cf Sanskrit nar- (= man)
Cf Latin neriôsus (= firm), and the personal name Nerô
:_______________________________.
ner-
1 first syllable in apheretic forms with an
original hanner
..1/ nerco < hanerco’ < hanercof
(halfwit, fool)
(“half [a] mind”) (haner- < hanner = half) + (cof = mind)
..2/ nereg < hanereg (half acre)
(haner- < hanner = half) + (-eg suffix)
..3/ nerob < hanerob (flitch of bacon, side of bacon salted to preserve it)
(“half [a] pig”) (haner- < hanner = half) + (hob = pig)
..4/ herpan / nherpan / nerpan < hanérpan < hanner pan
(expression referring to the
preparation of cloth: half fulled, not sufficiently prepared)
(“half fulled”) (pan = fulled; it is
the stem of pannu = to full)
:_______________________________.
nerco <NER-ko> [ˡnɛrkɔ]
1 (noun) halfwit, (adjective) halfwitted. See hanercof
:_______________________________.
nereg <NEE-reg> [ˡneˑrɛg] feminine
noun
1 half acre. See hanereg
:_______________________________.
nerf, nerfau <NERV,
NER-via, -ve> [nɛrv,
ˡnɛrvaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine noun)
1 nerve
:_______________________________.
nerfol
<NER-vol> [ˡnɛrvɔl] adjective
1 nervous (= relating to the nervous system)
y sustem nerfol the nervous system
y gyfundrefn nerfol the nervous
system
chwalfa nerfol nervous breakdown
ETYMOLOGY: (nerf = nerve) + (-ol)
:_______________________________.
nerob <NEE-rob> [ˡneˑrɔb] feminine
noun
1 flitch of bacon (side of bacon salted to preserve it) See hanerob
:_______________________________.
nerog <NEE-rog> [ˡneˑrɔg] masculine
noun
1 (county of Ynys Môn) variant of nerob (= side of bacon) See hanerob
:_______________________________.
Nerpwl <NER-pul> [ˡnɛrpʊl] feminine
noun
North Wales
1 variant form of Lerpwl <LER-pul> [ˡlɛrpʊl] = Liverpool
ETYMOLOGY: yn Lerpwl (= in
Liverpool) > yn Nerpwl (= in
Liverpool) (the change l > n has been conditioned by the final n of the preposition yn) > Nerpwl (= Liverpool).
The original form Lerpwl in fact
preserves an older English pronunciation of the name of this city
:_______________________________.
nerth,
nerthoedd <NERTH, NER-thoidh, -odh> [ˡnɛrθ, ˡnɛrθɔɪð,
-ɔð] (masculine noun)
1 strength
2 mewn undeb y mae nerth /
mewn undeb mae nerth there is unity
in strength
bloeddio â'ch holl nerth
shout with all your might
:_______________________________.
nerth eich
braich <nerth əkh BRAIKH> [nɛrθ əx ˡbraɪx] (adverb)
1 with all one's might (“with the strength
of your arm”)
:_______________________________.
nerthu <NER-thi> [ˡnɛrθɪ] (verb)
1 strengthen
2 empower
nerthu rhywun i wneud rhywbeth give
somebody the strength to do something
:_______________________________.
Nerɥs <NEE-ris> [ˡneˑrɪs]
1 female name “lady; female ruler”
ETYMOLOGY: nêr (= lord, chief) + (-ys, suffix for
forming names)
See the entry -ys
:_______________________________.
1 nes <NES> [nɛs] (conjunction)
1 until
:_______________________________.
2 nes <NEES> [neːs]
(adverb)
1 nearer
:_______________________________.
nes ymláen <nes-əm-LAIN> [nɛs əmˡlaɪn] (adverb)
1 further on, further ahead
:_______________________________.
nesaf / nesa’
<NE-sav, NE-sa> [ˡnɛsav, ˡnɛsa] (adjective)
1 next
:_______________________________.
nesáu / nesu <ne-SAI,
NE-si> [nɛˡsaɪ,
ˡnɛsɪ] (verb)
1 to get near, to approach
:_______________________________.
Nĕst <NEST> [nɛst] (feminine noun)
1 woman’s name. Pronounced Nêst (with a long vowel) in the north <NEEST> [neːst]
:_______________________________.
Nesta <NE-sta> [ˡnɛsta] (feminine noun)
1 woman’s name
ETYMOLOGY: Nest with the addition of –a, used generally to form female names
from male names (Ifan, Ifana), as in English (Robert, Roberta; Albert, Alberta)
or Latin (Claudius, Claudia)
:_______________________________.
nêt <NEET> [neːt] adj
1 fine, splendid
(South-east) Bachan nêt yw e He’s one of the best (“he is a neat man”)
bad bach nêt a fine little boat
2 yn nêt well,exactly, nicely
Rwyt ti'n gwybod yn nêt beth w-i'n 'feddwl You know exactly what I mean
ETYMOLOGY: English neat, now
pronounced as ‹niit›
[niːt],
but formerly as ‹neet›
[neːt] – this
older pronunciation is preserved in Welsh. The word was taken into English
1500-1600 from Old French net < Latin nitidus (= clean,
brilliant, shining) < nitêre (= to shine).
A related word in Celtic has given Welsh nwyf (= vivacity, zest, vigour;
desire, feeling, passion) and Irish niamh (= beauty, brightness)
:_______________________________.
neu <NEI> [nɛɪ] (conjunction)
1 or
It causes the soft mutation of a following noun or
adjective
Reduced colloquially to ne’ <NE> [nɛ]
:_______________________________.
neuadd,
neuaddau <NEI-adh, nei-AA-dhai, dhe> [ˡnəɪað,
nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine noun)
1 hall
An older pronunciation preserved in many place names in
the south is nouadd <NOI-adh> [ˡnɔɪað] (qv)
:_______________________________.
neuadd bentref
/ bentre <NEI-adh
BEN-trev / BEN-tre> [ˡnəɪað ˡbɛntrɛv /
ˡbɛntrɛ] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau
pentref <nei-AA-dhai,
-e, PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [
nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡpɛntrɛv /
ˡpɛntrɛ]
1 village hall, place for social events in a village
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y
pentref ‘the village hall’
:_______________________________.
neuadd blwyf
/ blwy <NEI-adh
BLUIV / BLUI> [ˡnəɪað ˡblʊɪ /
ˡblʊɪv] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau
plwyf / plwy <nei-AA-dhai,
-e, PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
-ɛ, ˡplʊɪ / ˡplʊɪv]
1 parish hall
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y plwyf
‘the parish hall’
Cynhelir yr Eisteddfod yn Neuadd y Plwyf,
Llandegfan
The Eisteddfod will be held in the Parish Hall, Llandegfan
:_______________________________.
neuadd ddinas
<NEI-adh DHII-nas> [ˡnəɪað ˡðiˑnas] feminine
noun
PLURAL neuaddau
dinas <nei-AA-dhai, -e, DII-nas > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡdiˑnas]
1 city hall, place where a city administration is situated
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y
ddinas ‘the city hall’
ETYMOLOGY: translation of English city
hall ‘hall (of) city’; (neuadd =
hall) + (dinas = city)
:_______________________________.
neuadd farchnad
<NEI-adh VARKH-nad> [ˡnəɪað ˡvarxnad] feminine
noun
PLURAL neuaddau
marchnad <nei-AA-dhai, -e, MARKH-nad> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡmarxnad]
1 market hall
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y
farchnad ‘the market hall’
:_______________________________.
neuadd goffa
<NEI-adh GOO-fa> [ˡnəɪað
ˡgoˑfa] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau
coffa <nei-AA-dhe-KOO-fa> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, - ɛ,
ˡkoˑfa]
1 memorial hall; a community hall constructed as a memorial to those
from the local community who have died in war. Such a hall has a prominent
plaque or monument with the names of the war victims
neuadd goffa gymunedol community
memorial hall
ETYMOLOGY: ‘hall (of) commemorating’ (neuadd
= hall) + soft mutation + (coffa =
to commemorate)
:_______________________________.
neuadd
gymuned <NEI-adh gə-MII-ned> [ˡnəɪað
gəˡmiˑnɛd] (feminine noun)
PLURAL neuaddau cymuned <nei-AA-dhai, -e, kə-MII-ned> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ,
kəˡmiˑnɛd]
1 community hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd gyngerdd <NEI-adh
GƏ-ngerdh > [ˡnəɪað
ˡgəngɛrð] (feminine noun)
PLURAL neuaddau
cyngerdd <nei-AA-dhai, -e, KƏ-ngerdh
> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, - ɛ, ˡkəngɛrð]
1 concert hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd gynull <NEI-adh
GƏ-nilh > [ˡnəɪað ˡgənɪɬ] (feminine
noun)
PLURAL neuaddau
cynull <nei-AA-dhai, -e, KƏ-nilh > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ, ˡkənɪɬ]
1 assembly hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd dref
/ dre <NEI-adh
DREEV / DREE> [ˡnəɪað ˡdreːv, ˡdreː] feminine
noun
1 town hall (called in English in some places 'guildhall'); place
where a town administration is situated
2 Hen Neuadd y Dre (“the
old town hall”) street name in Pen-rallt, Machynlleth (county of Powys)
ETYMOLOGY: translation of English town
hall 'hall (of) town'; (neuadd =
hall) + (tref = town)
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y dref
'the town hall'
:_______________________________.
neuadd y ddinas
<NEI-adh ə DHII-nas> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡðiˑnas] feminine
noun
1 'the town hall' See: neuadd
dinas
:_______________________________.
neuadd y dref
<NEI-adh ə DREEV / DREE> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡdreːv, ˡdreː] feminine
noun
1 'the town hall' See: neuadd
dref
:_______________________________.
neuadd y
farchnad <NEI-adh
ə VARKH-nad> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡvarxnad] feminine
noun
1 'the market hall' See: neuadd
farchnad
:_______________________________.
neuadd ymarfer
<NEI-adh ə-MAR-ver> [ˡnəɪað əˡmarvɛr] feminine
noun
PLURAL neuaddau
ymarfer <nei-AA-dhai, -e, ə-MAR-ver > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ, əˡmarvɛr]
1 drill hall = (obsolete) hall for military practices, where
soldiers learn marching in formation, military music, military techniques. Such
halls in the English state later became Territorial Army Centres.
ETYMOLOGY: 'hall (of) practising' (neuadd
= hall) + (ymarfer = to practise)
:_______________________________.
neuadd y pentref
/ pentre <NEI-adh
ə PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡpɛntrɛv /
ˡpɛntrɛ] feminine noun
1 'the village hall' See: neuadd
bentref
:_______________________________.
neuadd y plwyf
<NEI-adh ə PLUIV / PLUI> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡplʊɪv /
ˡplʊɪ] feminine noun
1 'the parish hall' See: neuadd
blwyf
:_______________________________.
neu beidio <NEI-BEID-YO> [nəɪ ˡbəɪdjɔ]
1 or not
Cymer e neu beidio Take it or leave it (“take it or refrain”)
ETYMOLOGY: (neu = or) + soft
mutation + (peidio to cease; to refrain (from doing something))
:_______________________________.
neu ddim
<nei DHIM> [nəɪ ˡðɪm]
1 y cwbl neu ddim (it’s)
all or nothing
nawr neu ddim (it’s) now or never
:_______________________________.
neu well
<nei WELH> [nəɪ ˡwɛɬ ]
1 or more
ganrif neu well yn ôl a century or
more ago
ETYMOLOGY: (neu = or) + soft
mutation + (gwell = better)
:_______________________________.
newid <NEU-id> [ˡnɛʊɪd] (verb)
1 to change
newid eich dillad to change your clothes
newid eich gwedd change your appearance, disguise oneself
newid er gwell to change for the
better
newid er gwaeth to change for the
worse
newid gwlad emigrate
(“change country”)
2 sdim newid arno (= nid
oes newid arno) he’s set in his ways (“there’s no changing on him”)
:_______________________________.
newid,
newidiadau <NEU-id,
neu-id-YAA-dai, -e> [ˡnɛʊɪd,
nɛʊɪdˡjɑˑdaɪ, -ɛ] masculine
noun
1 change, alteration
2
newid er gwell a change for the
better
newid er gwaeth a change for the
worse
:_______________________________.
newydd <NEU-idh> [ˡnɛʊɪð] (adjective)
1 new
2 Y Maesnewydd “the new
field” place name
Maesnewydd name of street in
Machynlleth, Powys
3 fel swllt newydd (“like
a new shilling”) as fresh as paint
troi dalen newydd turn over a new leaf (“turn a new leaf (of
a book) / a new page”)
4 Y Tainewydd “the new houses” place name
As a street name (Tainewydd)
..1/ Brynsiencyn, Llanfairpwllgwyngyll (county of Môn)
..2/ Llanfaelog, Tŷ-croes (county of Môn)
..3/ Talwrn, Llangefni (county of Môn)
..4/ Ynys-y-bŵl (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Also with the plural form of the adjective newyddion
Tainewyddion – name of streets in
..1/ Llandegla (county of Dinbych)
..2/ Gwytherin (county of Conwy)
..3/ Aberdyfi (county of Gwynedd)
..4/ Rhostryfan (county of Gwynedd)
:_______________________________.
newydd PLURAL newyddion <NEU-idh, neu-IDH-yon> [ˡnɛʊɪð,
nɛʊˡɪðjɔn] (masculine noun)
1
rumour, piece of news, some news,
something to tell you
ma' rhyw newydd ar droed bod... there’s news going round that...
Mae gen i newydd mor dda i chi fel ag i wneud iawn digonol, efallai, am yr
holl ffwdan
I have some news for you
which is so good that perhaps it’ll quite make up for all the fuss (I caused)
2 papur newydd newspaper “paper (of) news”
(papur = paper) + (newydd = piece of news; news)
:_______________________________.
newyddair
<neu-ƏDH-air> [nɛʊˡəðaɪr]
masculine noun
PLURAL newyddeiriau
<neu-ədh-EIR-yai, -e> [nɛʊəðˡəɪrjaɪ,
-ɛ]
1 neologism, newly-coined word or phrase
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft
mutation + (gair = word)
:_______________________________.
newyddbeth
<neu-ƏDH-beth> [nɛʊˡəðbɛθ] masculine
noun
PLURAL newyddbethau
<neu-ədh-BEE-thai,
-e> [nɛʊəðˡbeˑθaɪ,
-ɛ]
1 innovation
traddodiad a newyddbethau tradition and innovation
2 novelty
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft
mutation + (peth = thing)
:_______________________________.
newydd-ddyfodiad
‹NEU-idh-dhə-VOD-yad› [ˡnɛʊɪð
ðəˡvɔdjad] masculine
noun
PLURAL newydd-ddyfodiaid
‹neu-idh-dhə-VOD-yaid, -yed› [ˡnɛʊɪð ðəˡvɔdjaɪd, -ɛd]
1 newcomer
newydd-ddyfodiad
gorau best newcomer
Ennill gwobr y newydd-ddyfodiad gorau to win the prize for best newcomer (“to win (the) prize (of) the best newcomer”)
Enillodd ef wobr y newydd-ddyfodiad gorau He won the prize for best newcomer
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft mutation + (dyfodiad comer, person who comes, who has come); (dyfod- stem of
the verb dod, dyfod) (-i-ad
noun-forming suffix)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadur
<neu-ədh-YAA-dir> [nɛʊəðˡjɑˑdɪr] masculine
noun
PLURAL newyddiaduron
<neu-ədh-ya-DII-ron> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrɔn]
1 newspaper
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = (adjective) new, (noun) piece of news) + (-i-adur noun-forming suffix, indicating a book)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadura
<neu-ədh-ya-DII-ra> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑra]
verb
1 work on a newspaper (as a journalist)
Bu'n newyddiadura gyda phapurau'r
Cambrian News a'r Western Mail cyn mynd yn Olygydd Newyddion gyda'r BBC
He worked as a journalist on the Cambrian News and the Western Mail before
becoming a News Editor with the BBC
2 (nm) journalism
Enghraifft o’r newyddiadura mwyaf
ffiaidd yw’r Welsh Daily Mirror
The Welsh Daily Mirror is an example
of journalism at its most repugnant
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-a,
verb-forming suffix indicating an
activity or profession)
:_______________________________.
newyddiaduriaeth
<neu-ədh-ya-DIR-yaith,
-eth> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑraɪθ,
-ɛθ] feminine noun
1 journalism
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-i-aeth,
suffix for forming abstract nouns)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadurol
<neu-ədh-ya-DII-rol> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrɔl] adjective
1 journalistic, of journalism
Y Canolfan Newyddiadurol the
Journalism Centre (= university department)
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-ol,
suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadurwr
<neu-ədh-ya-DII-rur> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrʊr] masculine
noun
PLURAL newyddiadurwyr
<neu-ədh-ya-DIR-wir> [nɛʊəðjaˡdɪrwɪr]
1 journalist
2 newspaper seller, newspaper vendor
llyfrwerthwyr a newyddiadurwyr
(Tarian Y Gweithiwr 24 12 1908) book sellers and newspaper vendors
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-i-aeth,
suffix for forming nouns, = ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
newyddion (1) <neu-ƏDH-yon> [nɛʊˡəðjɔn]
1 plural form of the
adjective or noun newydd
Tainewyddion (place name) new houses
:_______________________________.
newyddion
(2) <neu-ƏDH-yon> [nɛʊˡəðjɔn] masculine
plural
1 news
fflach (-iadau) (f) newyddion
news flash
2 y Newyddion Da (Christian
religion) the Good News, the Gospel (= the doctrine of Christ and his
disciples);
translation of Latin evangelium
< Greek evangelion (= good news, reward for bringing good news)
< (evangelos = bringer of good news)
< (eu = good) + (angelos = messenger)
ETYMOLOGY: newyddion is the plural form
of the adjective newydd (= news) and
the noun newydd (= a piece of news).
It is a translation of English news,
which in turn is a translation of French nouvelles
(nouvelle + s, the feminine plural form of the adjective nouveau = new)
See also newydd (= piece of news)
NOTE: Colloquially newyddion is also: newddion <NEUDH-yon> [ˡnɛʊðjɔn], nwddion <NUDH-yon> [ˡnʊðjɔn]
:_______________________________.
newyddlen
<neu-ƏDH-len> [nɛʊˡəðlɛn] masculine
noun
PLURAL newyddlenni
‹neu-ədh-LE-ni› [nɛʊəðˡlɛnɪ]
1 news-sheet
Mae cangen Penyrheol y blaid yn cwrdd
bob mis yn ddi-ffael, yn dosbarthu
newyddlenni rheolaidd yn y ward ac yn trefnu digwyddiadau cymdeithasol
The Penyrheol branch of the party meets every month without fail, distributes
news-sheets in the ward, and organises social events
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft
mutation + (llen = sheet)
:_______________________________.
newyddloer
<neu-ƏDH-loir> [nɛʊˡəðlɔɪr] feminine noun
(a literary word)
1 new moon
2
time of the new moon
3
a festival celebrated by the Hebrews coinciding with the new moon
Colosiaid 2:16 Am hynny na farned neb arnoch chwi am fwyd, neu am ddiod, neu o
ran dydd gŵyl, neu newyddloer, neu Sabothau:
Colossians 2:16 Let
no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday,
or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days:
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd- <ə> [ə] < newydd
<i> [ɪ] = new) + soft mutation + (lloer = moon)
:_______________________________.
newyddur
<neu-Ə-dhir> [nɛʊˡəðɪr] masculine
noun
1 (obsolete) newspaper
Y Drafod – newyddur y Wladfa The
‘Drafod’ (“discussion”) – the newspaper of the Gwladfa (the Welsh settlement in Patagonia, established 1865)
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = piece of news, news)
+ (-ur suffix). Word coined in
1839.
:_______________________________.
NG, ng
<ENG> [ɛng] feminine noun
1) eleventh
letter of the twenty-nine letter Welsh alphabet
1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 ch, 5
d, 6
dd 7
e, 8
f, 9
ff, 10
g, 11
ng, 12 h, 13
i, 14 j, 15
l, 16
ll, 17
m, 18
n, 19
o, 20
p, 21
ph, 22
r, 23
rh, 24
s, 25
t, 26
th, 27
u, 28
w, 29 y
:_______________________________.
-ng ‹-›
1 There are examples of ng-g [ŋg] > ng [ŋ]
(1) angerdd <A-ngerdd> [ˡaŋɛrð] (=
passion) was originally <ANG-gerdh> [ˡaŋgɛrð] (with the change probably caused by the
influence of angau <A-ngai, -e> [ˡaŋgaɪ, -ɛ] (=
death), angau <A-ngen> [ˡaˡŋgɛn] (=
need, necessity)
(2) the word dangos (= to show) is
generally pronounced <DA-ngos> [ˡdaŋɔs] in
North Wales; southern and standard is <DANG-gos> [ˡdaŋgɔs]
(3) fflangell <FLA-ngelh> [ˡflaŋɛɬ ] (=
whip) was historically fflan|gell <FLANG-gelh> [ˡflaŋgɛɬ ]
(4) cronglwyd <KRO-ngluid> [ˡkrɔŋlʊɪd] (= roof) is from “cróng-glwyd” <KRONG-gluid> [ˡkrɔŋglʊɪd] < crón-glwyd
<KRON-gluid> [ˡkrɔn glʊɪd] < cromglwyd
<KROM-gluid> [ˡkrɔmglʊɪd] (crom = curved, clwyd = hurdle)
:_______________________________.
ngwas i ‹ngwaas i›
1 address: fy ngwas i (=
mate, my friend) (North-west Wales – wash
i)
:_______________________________.
ngh
1 nasal mutation – one of the six nasal mutations. It replaces an original initial c
It occurs after
..a/ the preposition yn (= in)
Caer-dydd, yng Nghaer-dydd Cardiff,
in Cardiff
..b/ standard Welsh fy (= my);
col·loquial Welsh ’yn / ’y (= my) (sometimes omitted
altogether)
fy nghariad annwyl my dearest (“my dear love”)
’y nghariad my dear
:_______________________________.
nh
1 initial of penultimate syllable replacing nnh from an original nt
Gwenhwyseg (dialect of Gwent) < Gwenhwys- (inhabitants of Gwent, now Gwennwys) > Gwent
cannoedd (hundreds) < cant (hundred)
+ plural suffix oedd
:_______________________________.
nh
1 nasal mutation – one of the six nasal mutations. It replaces an original initial t
It occurs after
..a/ the preposition yn (= in)
Tredelerch, yn Nhredelerch Tredelerch,
in Tredelerch
..b/ standard Welsh fy (= my);
col·loquial Welsh ’yn / ’y (= my) (sometimes omitted
altogether)
fy nhad my father
’y nhad my father
*nhad my father (* here indicates a
lost preceding freestanding item)
:_______________________________.
nhuddo / ’nhuddo ‹ nhî-dho › v
1
= anhuddo (fire) bank; cover a fire
(cover with ashes or fuel at night
to cause it to burn slowly and last until the morning, rake up the fire; damp
down)
In South-east Wales colloquially nuddo (also
spelt ’nuddo)
anhuddo’r tân bank up the fire
Also ’nhuddo’r tân / ’nuddo’r tân
Colloquially the first syllable is lost ’nhuddo
:_______________________________.
nhw ‹NHUU, NU› (pronoun)
1 they
:_______________________________.
nhwthe hefyd
‹nu-the hê-vid›
pronoun
1 they, them too
:_______________________________.
NI-
nasal mutation of the syllable di-;
diarddel, cael fy niarddel expel, be
expelled (“get my expelling”),
Dinaspowys, yn Ninaspowys Dinaspowys,
in Dinaspowys
:_______________________________.
ni ‹ nii › pronom
1
we, us
a) simple personal pronoun - emphasised
subject ni wnaeth y cwbl (It is) we
(who) did it all
In south-eastern Welsh this construction implies no emphasis
Ni awn yn awr am ychydig gydag ef hyd at y
bont.
We shall go with him now for a litlle as far as the bridge
b) simple personal pronoun - object of
an inflected verb gwelodd hi ni ddoe
she saw us yesterday
c) simple personal pronoun - object of
a non-conjugating preposition gyda ni
= with us
d) tag pronoun - after inflected verb siaradon ni = we spoke
e) tag pronoun - after inflected
preposition ganddon ni = with us
f) tag pronoun - after noun preceded by
EIN = our (colloquial: YN)
ein
hysgol-ni, yn ysgol-ni = our school
In house names, ni is added without the possessive determine ein before
the noun
Tŷ-ni / Tŷ Ni our house
Annedd-ni / Annedd Ni our dwelling, our abode
Nyth-ni, Nyth Ni our nest
g) tag pronoun - after verbnoun
preceded by EI = our (colloquial YN)
ein
talu-ni, yn talu-ni = paying us
2
a noun in apposition is mutated; Cymry
= Welsh people, ni Gymry = we Welsh,
we Welsh people
3 (in certain cases 'ni' is dropped - we'll place a link
later to a page explaining these cases)
ein gwlad ni / ein gwlad our country
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British. From the same British
root: Cornish NI = we, us, Breton NI = we, us
:_______________________________.
ni (2) ‹nii›
particle negatiu
1 (literary Welsh) negative particle
before a verb. Note: nid before a
vowel)
It causes soft mutation to G B D M LL RH, and spirant mutaion to C P T
daeth ef = he came, ni ddaeth ef = he didn't come
clywodd ef = he heard, ni chlywodd ef = he didn't hear
..1/ The colloquial language omits ni
but retains the mutation, and adds the negator ddim
ddaeth e ddim, chlywodd e ddim
..2/ (In certain cases 'ni' is dropped - we'll place a link some day to a page
explaining these cases)
..3/ Negative elements apart from ddim
= nothing, are:
ni + byth never (present habitual, future)
ni + erióed never (past)
ni + neb nobody
ni + tros 'y nghrogi even if I were
to be hanged for it
ni + unlle nowhere
ni + unman nowhere
ni + yn 'y myw in my life
ni + yn un man nowhere
ni + yr un (ci, etc) any (dog, etc)
:_______________________________.
ni ‹ə
nii›
pronoun
1 y
ni we, us (colloquial form of nyní,
an emphatic form of ni)
ETYMOLOGY: y ni < yní < nyní
:_______________________________.
'ni ‹ni›
see: ohoni
:_______________________________.
-ni ‹ni›
(suffix found in river names)
..1/ Rhymni
In other cases, the original –ni has been altered through metathesis
..1/ Honddu < Hoddni
..2/ Llynfi < Llyfni
..3/ Rhondda < Rhonddi <
Rhoddni,
:_______________________________.
-ni ‹ni›
1 noun-forming suffix, especially colours
..1/ bryntni = dirtiness
..2/ cloffni lameness
..3/ cochni = redness
..4/ glesni = blueness
..5/ gwyrddni greenness, verdure
..6/ mechni =
bail
..7/ noethni =
nudity
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh -ni < ni < nif < British *gnîm-
(= work)
:_______________________________.
Nia ‹ni -a›
feminine noun
1 woman's name
:_______________________________.
niacin ‹ni- a -kin› masculine noun
1 niacine =
nicotonic acid
:_______________________________.
nialwch ‹ni-
a -lukh› masculine noun
1 See: anialwch
:_______________________________.
nìb ‹nib›
masculine noun
Plural: nibiau ‹nib -ye›
1 nib (of a pen)
NOTE: Use of the grave accent: page kimkat1746e
:_______________________________.
ni buasai un gronyn gwaeth... ‹ni bi-a-se iin gro-nin gwaith›
1 you might just as well... (“ it
wouldn't be worse (to the extent of) one (single) grain (to do something)”)
:_______________________________.
ni bydd allt
heb waered ‹ni biidh alht heb wei -red›
1 It's a long road (or lane) that has no
turning; although the going seems hard, things will improve in the end (“there's
no hill without a downward slope”)
:_______________________________.
Ni bydd rhybarch
rhy gynefin ‹ni biidh
hrə-barkh hrii gə- nê -vin›
1 Familiarity breeds contempt (“It is not venerable (the thing) too
accustomed”)
Ni bydd hybarch rhy gyffredin (“It
is not venerable (the thing) too usual”)
ETYMOLOGY: (ni negative particle) +
(bydd it (usually) is / it will be)
+ (hybarch = venerable) + (rhy = too) + soft mutation + (cynefin = accustomed)
:_______________________________.
Nic ‹nik› masculine
noun
1 short form of the name Niclas = Nicolas
:_______________________________.
Nicander ‹NI-kan-der› [ˡnɪkandɛr]
1 Hymnwriter. Morris
Williams 1809-74, born in Llangybi (Gwynedd), curate of Treffynnon (Sir y
Fflint), and Bangor (Gwynedd), and lastly rector of Llanrhuddlad (Môn).
Received the name of Nicander as winner of the chair for his awdl “Y Greadigaeth”
(The Creation) in the eisteddfod at Aberffraw in 1849.
There are two streets with his name in Abertawe “Nicander Parade” (which would
be Rhodfa Nicander in Welsh), and
“Nicander Place” (which would be Maes
Nicander) . Neighbouring streets commemorate other poets / hymnwriters
:_______________________________.
nicer, nicers
<NI-ker, NI-kerz> [ˡnɪkɛr, ˡnɪˡkɛrz] (masculine
noun)
1 knickers
:_______________________________.
Ni cheir y
melys heb y chwerw <NII KHEIR ə MEE-lis HEEB ə KHWEE-ru> [ˡniː ˡxəɪr ə
ˡmeˑlɪs ˡheːb ə ˡxweˑrʊ]
(phrase)
1 Life has its ups and downs, there is no
joy without sorrow (literally: “the sweet is not had
without the bitter”)
“it is not obtained / the sweet / without / the bitter” (ni = (it is) not) + spriant mutation +
(ceir = it is obtained, < cael =
to obtain) + (y definite article) + (melys = sweet) + (heb = without) + (y definite
article) + (chwerw = bitter)
:_______________________________.
nico, nicos <NI-ko,
NI-kos> [ˡnɪkɔ,
ˡnɪkɔs] (masculine noun)
1 goldfinch
:_______________________________.
nid <NID> [nɪd] (negative particle)
1 not
2 Nid aur popeth melyn All that glitters is not gold (“(it is) not
gold everything yellow”)
:_______________________________.
Nid aur popeth
melyn <NID AIR PO-peth
MEE-lin> [ˡnɪd ˡaɪr ˡpɔpɛθ
ˡmeːlɪn]
1 All that glitters / glistens is not gold
ETYMOLOGY: “(it is) not gold everything yellow” (nid = (it is) not) + (aur
= gold) + (popeth = everything) + (melyn = yellow)
:_______________________________.
Ni ddaw i neb
ddoe yn ôl <nii DHAU i
NEEB DHOI ən OOL> [ˡniː ˡðaʊ ˡi ˡneːb
ˡðɔɪ ən ˡoːl]
1 You can’t undo the past, what’s done is done; or, the happy days
of the past will not return (“yesterday won’t come back to anybody”)
ETYMOLOGY: “it will not come / to anybody / tomorrow / back” (ni = no) + soft mutation + (daw = will come) + (i = to) + (neb = nobody) + soft mutation (after the intercalation of an
element between entre the verb and the subject) + (doe = yesterday) + (yn ôl
= back, retracing tracing one’s footsteps)
:_______________________________.
nid felly <NID VE-lhi> [ˡnɪd ˡvɛɬɪ]
1 that’s not how...
Nid felly y gwelaf i’r peth That’s
isn’t how I see the matter
2 Not so, that is not the case
ETYMOLOGY: (nìd = not) + (felly = in this way)
:_______________________________.
nid fi <NID VII> [ˡnɪd ˡviː]
1 (it is) not me (that)...
Nid fi a wnaeth hyn It wasn’t me who
did this, I (emphasised) didn’t do this
:_______________________________.
Nid fod dim o’i
le ar hynny
1 Not that there’s anything wrong with it
:_______________________________.
Nid mewn undydd
y codwyd Rhufain <NID meun IN-didh ə KOOD-uid HRII-vain,
-ven> [ˡnɪd mɛʊn
ˡɪndɪð ə ˡkoˑdʊɪd
ˡhriˑvaɪn, -ɛn]
1 Rome was not built in a day
ETYMOLOGY: “(it-is) not in one-day that was-built Rome” (nid = not) + (mewn = in)
+ (undydd = one single day) + (y codwyd = that it was built) + (Rhufain = Rome)
:_______________________________.
nid oeddech
chwi ‹nid OI
dhe khwi› (verb)
1 you weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oedd ef ‹nid OI dhev› (verb)
1 he wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddem ni
‹nid OI dhum ni› (verb)
1 we weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddet ti
‹nid OI dhe ti› (verb)
1 you weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oedd hi ‹nid OIDH hi› (verb)
1 she wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddwn i ‹nid OI dhun i› (verb)
1 I wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddynt
hwy ‹nid OI
dhint hui› (verb) they weren't
:_______________________________.
Nid oes da heb
beth drwg ynddo ‹nid
ois daa heeb beeth druug ən-dho›
1 Nothing is one hundred per cent perfect (“There is no good without
some bad in it”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nid oes = there isn’t) +
(da = good) + (heb = without) + soft mutation + (peth = thing; a quantity of) + (drwg = bad) + (ynddo =
in it)
:_______________________________.
nid ydoedd ef
‹nid ə DOI dhe› (verb)
1 he wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydoedd hi
‹nid ə DOIDH hi› (verb)
1 she wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydwyf fi ‹nid ə DUI vi› (verb)
1 I'm not
:_______________________________.
nid ydwyt ti ‹nid ə DUI ti› (verb)
1 you aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydych
chwi ‹nid
ə DI khwi› (verb)
1 you aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydym ni ‹nid ə DIM ni› (verb)
1 we aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydynt hwy
‹nid ə DINT hui› (verb)
1 they aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydyw ef ‹nid ə DIU ev› (verb)
1 he isn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydyw hi ‹nid ə DIU hiI› (verb)
1 she isn't
:_______________________________.
nifer,
niferoedd ‹NI ver,
ni VE rodh› (masculine or feminine noun)
1 number
2 nifer
o = a quantity of
:_______________________________.
Nigeraidd
‹ni-gê-redh› adjective
1 Nigerian
ETYMOLOGY: (Niger- stem of Nigeria) + (-aidd suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
Nigeria ‹ni-ger-ya› feminine noun
1 Nigeria
:_______________________________.
Nigeriad
‹ni-ger-yad› masculine or feminine noun
PLURAL Nigeriaid
‹ni-ger-yed›
1 Nigerian
ETYMOLOGY: (Niger- stem of Nigeria) + (-i-ad noun-forming suffix,
indicating an inhabitant of a place)
:_______________________________.
ninnau,
“ninne” ‹NI ne› (pronoun)
1 we too
:_______________________________.
nionyn ‹nyô-nin› masculine
noun
PLURAL nionod
‹nyô-nod›
North Wales
1 onion
2 pennionyn (North Wales)
onion head – nickname for a bald man
“head (of) onion” (pen = head) + (nionyn = onion)
Tafarn Pennionyn name of a public
house in Y Groeslon (Gwynedd), from the nickname of an owner (Owen Rowlands) in
the late 1800s. The offical name was “Llanfair Arms” since it had been built on
land belonging to Hugh Griffith, owner of the Plas Llanfair estate. The local
name for the pub became the official name in May 2002 (Report in Y Cymro, 01
June 2002)
ETYMOLOGY:
(1) nionyn is from onionyn with the loss of the pretonic
syllable “o-”;
(2) onionyn is from the English word
onion + (-yn Welsh diminitive suffix);
(3) The word onion came into English
< French oignon (= onion) <
Latin ûniô, ûniônis (= union, large
pearl, onion)
:_______________________________.
nith,
nithoedd ‹NIITH,
NI thodh› (feminine noun)
1 niece
:_______________________________.
nithio ‹NITH yo› (verb)
1 winnow = separate chaff from grain
2 nithio’r gwir o’r gau
sort the truth from lies (“winnow the truth from the false”)
:_______________________________.
ni waeth pa
mor... ‹nii wâith paa›
1 no matter how......
Colloquially the ‘ni’ is omitted
(ni) waeth pa mor fawr bynnag y bo no matter how big it is
Ni waeth pa mor gyflym y gweithi di, ni orffeni di’r
gwaith mewn pryd
More colloquially: Waeth pa mor gyflym
gweithi di, orffeni di mo’r gwaith mewn pryd
No matter how fast you work, you won’t finish the job in time
ETYMOLOGY: (ni = no) + soft mutation
+ (gwaeth = worse) + (pa = which) + (mor = so, as)
:_______________________________.
Niwbwrch ‹NIU burkh› (feminine noun)
1 village, county of Môn
:_______________________________.
niwclear ‹NIU kle ar› (verb)
1 nuclear
:_______________________________.
niwed,
niweidiau ‹NI wed,
ni WEID ye› (masculine noun)
1 harm, damage
:_______________________________.
niweidio ‹ni WEID yo› (verb)
1 to damage
:_______________________________.
niweidiol
‹ni WEID yol› (adjective)
1 harmful
:_______________________________.
niweidiau ‹ni WEID ye› (plural noun) ‹NI wed›
1 damages; plural of niwed
:_______________________________.
niwl,
niwloedd ‹NIUUL,
NIU lodh› (masculine noun)
1 mist, fog
:_______________________________.
niwlgorn
‹ niul -gorn› masculine noun
PLURAL niwlgyrn
‹ niul -girn›
1
foghorn
ETYMOLOGY: (niwl = fog ) + soft
mutation + (corn = horn)
NOTE: Usually corn niwl
:_______________________________.
niwlog ‹NIU log› (adjective)
1 misty, foggy
:_______________________________.
nn SPELLING
The only double letter combinations in modern Welsh are ‘nn’ and
‘rr’
1
The misspelling nn > n
..a/ In the 1800s ‘nn’ was frequently misspelt as ‘n’,
as in Iolo Morganwg (pseudonym of
Edward Williams of Llancarfan, Bro Morgannwg, 1747-1826)
Gorphenaf instead of Gorffennaf (= July)
..b/ Examples of the misspelling nn > n are to be seen in certain
place names often used as ‘official English’ forms
Heol Rhydypennau in Caer-dydd is
officially ‘Rhyd-y-Penau Road’
Llanerch instead of Llannerch
..c/ Other sporadic examples of the misspelling nn > n:
...(a) genod instead of gennod (North Wales) (= girls), a
clipped form of hogennod (= girls),
plural of hogen (= girl)
2 nn > n
..1/ nn occurs at the end of a penultimate syllable if the final syllable begins with a vowel
tocynnwr ticket inspector
..2/ n occurs at the end of a penultimate syllable if the preceding vowel is half-long, from a base form with a long vowel – the final syllable begins with a vowel
tonau melodies, plural of tôn
melody
tonnau waves, , plural of ton wave
..3/ nn occurs at the end of a penultimate syllable if the final syllable begins with a consonant
tocynwyr ‹to KƏ nur, to KƏN
wir› (masculine noun) ticket inspectors
..4/ nn becomes n if an ending is added to a word and the
penultimeat syllable becomes a prepenultimate syllable
llannerch > llanerchau
..5/ nn
occurs when the suffix an- is placed before a word beginning with d- or t-
There is nasal mutation d > n
diddorol (=
interesting)
(an + diddorol) > (an + niddorol) > anniddorol (= uninteresting)
There is nasal mutation t > nh
teg (= fair)
(an + teg) > (an + nheg)
> annheg (= unfair)
..6/ nn < nt
nt- before a final syllable > nnh-
> nn-
..1/ cannoedd (= hundreds) < cant (= one hundred)
..2/ chwannog (= covetous) < chwant (= desire)
..3/ dannedd (= teeth) < dant (= tooth)
..4/ gwynnog (obsolete, = windy)
< gwynt (= wind)
..5/ Nannau (place name ‘streams’)
< nant
..6/ tannau (= strings) < tant
In the case of nn at the end of a penultimate syllable, after a short vowel (tonnau = waves) and n in this position after a half-long vowel (tonau = melodies), in North Wales both are pronounced as short vowels, and so there is no indication from the pronunciation whether the correct spelling is n or nn. In South Wales however the distinction in general remains, and so in theory there shopuld be no confusion as to whether such a word has n or nn.
:_______________________________.
nobyn ‹nô -bin› masculine noun
PLURAL nobiau ‹nob
-ye› (nobiau > colloquial spelling nobie / nobia)
1 knob
nobyn y drws doorknob
nobie'r jestar-drôrs the knobs of the chest of drawers
2 knob = on-off switch on a radio, or volume control, etc
troi’r nobyn turn the knob
neidio at y nobyn jump to the switch (to turn off the radio)
3 nobyn sain (South Wales)
rheolydd sain sound control, knob etc for raising and lowering the
volume on a radio, etc
4 nobyn o fenyn knob of butter
5 idiot
Y nobyn gwiron! You stupid idiot! The stupid idiot!
6 bun of hair
Roedd ei gwallt wedi ei hel yn dynn a'i droi yn nobyn bach ar ei choryn
Her hair was gathered tightly and formed into a bun on the crown
ETYMOLOGY: (nòb = knob) + (-yn
diminutive suffix added to nouns)
Nòb < English knob < Low German knobbe (= knot in
wood), related to German der Knopf (= button)
:_______________________________.
nod, nodau ‹NOOD, NO de› (masculine noun)
(nodau > colloquial spelling node
/ noda)
1 goal, objective
2 target
saethu at nod ar y ffens shoot at a target on the fence
3 cyrchu at y nod run towards the finishing line
Philipiaid 3:14 Yr ydwyf yn cyrchu at y nod, am gamp uchel alwedigaeth Duw yng
Nghrist Iesu.
Philippians 3:14 I press toward the mark for the prize of the high calling of
God in Christ Jesus.
4 dyfrnod watermark = mark impressd on
paper during manufacture
(dyfr-, penultimate form of dwfr = water) + (nod = mark)
5 in expressions indicating aim, intention, goal
bod yn nod gennych (wneud rhywbeth)
have as one’s aim (to do something)
Roedd yn nod ganddo lwyddo His aim was to succeed
6 eithafnod peak, furthest point, highest point, ne plus ultra,
uttermost point, ne plus ultra
eithafnod dedwyddwch the peak of happiness
(eithaf
= the most extreme) + soft mutation . + (nod
= objective, mark)
7 argraffnod imprint = name of a publisher with date and place of
publication, usually on the title-page
(argraff stem of argraffu = to print) + (nod
= mark)
:_______________________________.
nodded
‹nô -dhed› feminine
noun
1 asylum, refuge, protection, defence
Salmau 94:22 Eithr yr Arglwydd sydd yn
amddiffynfa i mi; a’m Duw yw craig fy nodded
Psalm 94:22 But the Lord is my defence; and my God is the rock of my refuge
Bwriedid yr Elusendai i fod yn gysgod a
nodded i nifer o 'hen bobl dlodion a pharchus,' a hynny heb rent na threth
The Almshouses were intended to be a shelter and refuge for a number of ‘poor
and respectable old people’ rent-free and tax-free
ETYMOLOGY: nodded < nawdded (nawdd = protection) + (-ed
suffix)
:_______________________________.
noddfa ‹nodh -va› feminine
noun
PLURAL noddfâu,
noddféydd ‹nodh-vâi, -veidh›
1 place of safety, refuge, shelter; place which gives protection
from danger
chwilio am noddfa rhag y bomiau look
for shelter from the bombs
2 retreat, lair, private space
Noddfa i ddianc iddi ar ôl ffrae â'i
rieni oedd yr atig
The attic was a retreat for him to escape to after a row with his parents
3 refuge, recourse, source of aid and protection
yr Arglwydd yw fy noddfa God is my
refuge
Isaiah 8:13 Arglwydd y lluoedd ei hun a
sancteiddiwch; a bydded efe yn ofn i chwi, a bydded efe yn arswyd i chwi. (8:14)
Ac efe a fydd yn noddfa; ond yn faen
tramgwydd ac yn graig rhwystr i ddau dŷ Israel, yn fagl ac yn rhwyd i
breswylwyr Jerwsalem.
Isaiah 8:13 Sanctify the Lord of hosts himself; and let him be your fear, and
let him be your dread. (8:14) And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone
of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin
and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
4 hawl noddfa right of
asylum
5 noddfa wleidyddol
political asylum
6 Bible dinas noddfa city of refuge = one of
six cities in the Holy Land recognised as places of refuge to a person who had
unintentionally caused the death of another
ETYMOLOGY: (nodd- stem of noddi = to sponsor, to support) + (-fa, suffix = place)
:_______________________________.
noddun
‹nô-dhin› adjective
1 Ffos Noddun (‘deep
ditch’) near Betws-y-coed SH7956 (county of Conwy).
The English name is ‘Fairy Glen’ (!!)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/8500
Ffos Noddun
(“The Geograph British
Isles project aims to collect geographically representative photographs and
information for every square kilometre of Great Britain and Ireland…”)
ETYMOLOGY:
Noddun is a form (with the
loss of the first syllable) of anoddun
(adjective, obsolete; = very deep, bottomless), equivalent
to (obsolete) anoddyfn
(an = intensifying prefix) + soft mutation + (go = intensifying
prefix) + soft mutation + (dyfn, variant of dwfn = deep)
anoddyfn
(“y” = ‹i› ) > (loss of the [v] ) anoddy’n /
anoddyn ‹a-nô-dhin› > anoddun ‹a-nô-dhin› (anoddyn = anoddun - same pronunciation)
:_______________________________.
nodi ‹nô-di› verb
1 to note
2 gwarthnodi brand, cause
to be regarded with contempt
(gwarthnod = mark of shame) + (-i suffix for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
nodlyfr
<NOD-livr, NOD-lii-vir> [ˡnɔdlɪvr, ˡnɔdliˑvɪr] masculine
noun
PLURAL nodlyfrau
<nod-LƏV-rai, -e> [nɔdˡləvˡraɪ, -ɛ]
(nodlyfrau > colloquial spelling nodlyfre
/ nodlyfra)
1 notebook
ETYMOLOGY: (nod- stem of nodi = to note) + soft mutation + (llyfr = book)
:_______________________________.
nodlyfr poced
<NOD-li-vir PO-ked> [ˡnɔdlɪvɪr ˡpɔkɛd] (masculine
noun)
1 pocket notebook
:_______________________________.
nodwr
<NOO-dur> [ˡnoˑdʊr] (m)
PLURAL nodwyr
<NOD-wir> [ˡnɔdwɪr] 1 noter = person who makes notes
2 marker = person or thing that marks something
O dan nodwr o haearn bwrw syml y byddent
yn cael eu claddu ar ddiwedd eu hoes
They were buried under a simple cast iron marker at the end of their lives
3 observer
nodwr trenau plural nodwyr trenau trainspotter
ETYMOLOGY: (nod- stem of nodi = to note) + (-wr suffix for forming nouns, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
nodwydd, nodwyddau
<NOO-duidh, no-DUI-dhai, -e> [ˡnoˑdʊɪð, nɔˡdʊɪðaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nodwyddau
> colloquial spelling nodwydde / nodwydda, among others. See note below)
1 needle = steel or bone
tool with an eye through which a thread is passed
nodwydd ddur sewing needle (“needle (of) steel”)
nodwydd gwnïo sewing needle (“needle (for) sewing”)
nodwydd ddur gwnïo sewing needle (“needle (of) steel (for) sewing”)
blaen nodwydd = tip of a needle
pigiad
nodwydd needle prick, a prick made by a needle
blaen nodwydd
edau a nodwydd needle and thread
(“thread and needle”)
gwaith edau a nodwydd needlework
(“work of thread and needle”)
cas
nodwyddau needle case
2 needle = surgical instrument with a hollow centre - as in a hypodermic
syringe
3 gnomon of a sundial
4 (compass) needle
5 needle = movable pointer on a dial
nodwydd y glorian the neeedle of the weighing scales
6 needle = stylus on a gramaphone
7 tool for engraving
nodwydd ysgythru etching needle
8 chwilio am nodwydd mewn tas wair
look for a needle in a haystack
9 nodwydd pinwydd pine needle
10 mor llym
â nodwydd (point) as sharp as a needle
ETYMOLOGY:
Welsh < British < Celtic
From the same British root: Cornish nazwedh (= needle), Breton nadoz (=
needle)
From the same Celtic root: Irish snáthaid (= needle)
Related to:
Latin nēre (= to spin), nervus (= sinew, nerve);
Greek nēn (= to spin) as in the Neo-Greek genus name Nephila "fond of spinning" (nēn = to spin) + (philos = love), neuron (= sinew, nerve)
NOTE:
col.loquial: nydwydd (o reduced to the obscure vowel y) <NƏ-duidh>, [ˡnədʊɪð]
:_______________________________.
nodwyddo <no-DUI-dho> [nɔˡdʊɪðɔ] verb
1 put (a thread) into a needle
nodwyddo edau thread a needle (“needle (a) thread”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nodwýdd = needle) +
(-o suffix for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
noeth <NOITH> [ˡnɔɪθ] (adjective)
1 naked, nude
2 lladrad noeth (said of
an excessive price) sheer robbery, daylight robbery, downright robbery (“naked
robbery, bare theft “)
3 menter noeth complete
gamble
:_______________________________.
noeth-chwilio
<noith-KHWIL-yo> [nɔɪθˡxwɪljɔ] verb
1 strip-search = (police, customs officials, prison wardens, etc) to
remove a person’s clothes in searching the person for contraband or drugs or
other objects or substances which are disallowed
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = naked) + (chwilio = to search)
:_______________________________.
noeth ei
bronnau <NOITH i BRO-nai, -ne> [ˡnɔɪθ ɪ ˡbrɔnaɪ,
-ɛ] (adjective)
1 barebreasted
:_______________________________.
noethlwm <NOITH-lum> [ˡnɔɪθlʊm] adjective
1 naked = wearing no clothes
Oni bai am y siopau dillad ail-law ’ma
fe fydd e’n noethlwm rwy’n sicr
If it weren’t for these second-hand clothes shops he’d be naked, I’m sure
2 exposed, treeless
Lleoedd digon noethlwm yw’r Llwyn Coch
a’r Coed Mwsoglog erbyn heddiw
Llwyn Coch (red wood) a’r Coed Mwsoglog (mossy wood) are quite exposed /
treeless places by today
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = bare, naked) +
soft mutation + (llwm = exposed)
:_______________________________.
noethlymun
<noith-LƏ-min> [nɔɪθˡləmɪn] adjective
1
stark naked
tynnu amdanoch yn noethlymun strip
to the skin, take off all your clothes
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = nude, naked,
bare) + soft mutation + (llymun).
This second element is of unknown origin, but it seems to be based on llwm (the tonic syllable form of which
is llym-) (= bare).
..a/ See noethlwm above
..b/ There is in fact an Irish word lomnocht
(= nake, nude) with these two elements in Irish (lomm = bare, nocht =
bare).
..c/ There is a Welsh word llymnoeth,
which appears for the first time in 1803 in William Owen-Pughe’s dictionary.
But because there is no instance of it before this date, and its first
appearance is in this dictionary, it is quite likely to be a neologism. In fact
the dictionary is has a great quantity of neologisms, though none of these
invented words are indicated as such. Possibly it is an imitation of the Irish
word lomnocht
NOTE: Variants are:
..a/ noethlymun groen (with croen = skin)
..b/ noethlymun gorn (with corn = horn, used as an intensifier)
..c/ noethlymun stitsh (with stitch = stitch)
..d/ noethluman
:_______________________________.
nofel, nofelau <NOO-vel, no-VEE-lai, -le> [ˡnoˑvɛl, nɔˡveˑlaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nofelau
> colloquial spelling nofele / nofela)
1 novel
nofel hanes historical
novel (“novel (of) history”)
nofel drosedd crime novel (“novel (of) a crime”)
nofel serch romantic novel (“novel (of) love”)
:_______________________________.
nofel
lofruddiaeth, nofelau llofruddiaeth <NOO-vel lov-RIDH-yaith, -yeth, no-VEE-lai,
-le, lhov-RIDH-yaith, -yeth> [ˡnoˑvɛl lɔvˡrɪðjaɪθ,
-jɛθ, nɔˡveˑlaɪ, -ɛ,
ɬɔvˡrɪðjaɪθ, -jɛθ] (feminine
noun)
1 whodunnit, 'murder mystery' (“murder
novel”)
:_______________________________.
nofelydd,
nofelwyr <no-VEE-lidh,-no-VEL-wir> [nɔˡveˑlɪð,
nɔˡvɛlwɪr] (feminine noun)
1 novelist
:_______________________________.
nofio <NOV-yo> [ˡnɔvjɔ] (verb)
1 to swim
:_______________________________.
nôl <NOOL> [noːl] (adverb)
1 back (come back, etc)
nôl < yn ôl (= back), literally “in (the) track”
:_______________________________.
Non <NON> [nɔn] (feminine noun)
1 woman's name; mother of Saint David
:_______________________________.
Normaneg <nor-MAA-neg> [nɔrˡmɑˑnɛg] (feminine
noun, adjective)
Norman language
:_______________________________.
Normaniad,
Normaniaid <nor-MAN-yad, nor-MAN-yaid, -yed> [nɔrˡmanjad, nɔrmanˡjɑɪd,
-jɛd] (masculine noun)
(Normaniaid
> colloquial spelling Normanied)
1 Norman (from Viking Normandy)
:_______________________________.
Norseg <NOR-seg> [ˡnɔrsɛg] (feminine
noun, adjective)
1 Norse language
:_______________________________.
Norwyeg <no-RUI-eg> [nɔˡrʊɪɛg] (feminine
noun, adjective)
1 Norwegian
:_______________________________.
nos, nosau <NOOS, NO-sai, -se> [noːs, ˡnɔsaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nosau
> colloquial spelling nose / nosa)
1 night
mynd yn nos get dark
(“become night”)
Fe aiff yn nos cyn i ti gyrraedd y llyn os na ei di nawr It’ll be dark already (“it will become
night”) before you reach the lake if you don’t go now
2 dan lenni’r nos under cover of night
3 gefn trymedd nos in the
dead of night (“back (of) heaviness (of) night”)
4
(South Wales) cae’r nos (“night-time
field”, “(the) field (of) the night”) field near a farmhouse where cattle and
sheep are kept during the night
mynd i gae'r nos go off to bed, hit
the sack (“go to the night-time field”)
5 o fore gwyn tan nos <o
VOO-re GWIN tan NOOS> [ɔ voˑrɛ ˡgwɪn tanˡnoːs]
from dawn to dusk (“from white morning
until night”)
bod mor ddall â’r nos be as blind as a
bat (“be as blind as the night”)
:_______________________________.
nos da <noos DAA> [noːs dɑː] (phrase)
1 goodnight
nos da i chi goodnight
(“a good night to / for you”)
An older greeting nos dawch survives in north-west
Wales
nos da ywch (ywch
is an old inflected form of the preposition y, modern Welsh i (= to),
meaning “to you”)
nōs dā ywch > nōs
dāywch > nōs dā’wch
/ nōs dāwch
:_______________________________.
nos Fercher
<noos VER-kher> [noːs ˡvɛrxɛr] feminine
noun
(nos
Fercher > colloquial spelling
[north-west, south-east] nos
Ferchar)
1 Wednesday night
2 adverb on Wednesday
night
fe ddaeth e nos Fercher he came on
Wednesday night
3 qualifier Wednesday
night's
cyfarfod nos Fercher Wednesday
night's meeting, the Wednesday night meeting
:_______________________________.
nos Galan Gaeaf
<noos Ga-lan GEI-a> [noːs ˡgalan ˡgəɪa] feminine
noun
1
Hallowe'en, the night before Hallowmas /All Hallow's Day /All Saints' Day;
October 31, the eve of November 1
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) eve (of the) calend (of) winter”)
(nos = night) + soft mutation + (Calan Gaeaf October 1)
NOTE: Colloquially there is a reduction of (g) + (vowel) + (l), with the vowel
being lost
Nos Galan Gaeaf > Nos G’langaea / Nos Glangaea
:_______________________________.
noson, nosweithiau <NO-son> [ˡnɔsɔn]
<nos-WEITH-yai,
-ye> [nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ,
-jɛ] (feminine noun)
(nosweithiau
> colloquial spelling nosweithie / nosweithia; nosweithe,
nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
1 night
Yn Eisteddfod Caernarfon yn 1821 yr oedd y beirdd yn rhannu’r nosweithiau rhwng
dau dafarn – Yr Afr a’r Sein Delyn
In the Caernarfon Eisteddfod in 1821 the poets had sessions on different
evenings in two taverns (“shared the nights between two taverns”) – The Goat
andd the Sign of the Harp
2 y noson
ganlynol ‹ə
NO son gan LƏ nol› (adv) the following night
:_______________________________.
noson lawen, nosweithiau llawen <NO-son
LAU-en> [ˡnɔsɔn]
<nos-WEITH-yai,
-ye, LHAU-en> [noːswaɪθ
ˡlaʊɛn, nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ, -jɛ
ˡɬaʊɛn]
(noson
lawen > colloquial spelling
[north-west, south-east] noson
lawan)
1 ceilidh; 'merry night', originally a gathering for
singing and relating stories and jokes after a day's work; an event based on
this with singers and comedians in front of an audience
:_______________________________.
noswaith,
nosweithiau <NOS-waith, -weth, nos-WEITH-yai, -ye> [noːswaɪθ, -wɛθ,
nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ, -jɛ] (feminine
noun)
(noswaith
> colloquial spelling nosweth / noswath)
(nosweithiau
> colloquial spelling nosweithie / nosweithia; nosweithe,
nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
noswithiau is also the plural of noson
1 evening
:_______________________________.
noswaith dda <NOS-waith,
-weth,DHAA> [noːswaɪθ, -wɛθ, ðɑː] (phrase)
(noswaith
dda > colloquial spelling nosweth dda / noswath dda)
1 good evening
:_______________________________.
nosweithiau <nos-WEITH-yai,
-ye> [
nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ, -jɛ] (plural noun)
(nosweithiau
> colloquial spelling nosweithie / nosweithia; nosweithe,
nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
1
evenings; plural of noswaith <NOS-waith, -weth> [noːswaɪθ, -wɛθ, ]
:_______________________________.
nos Wener <noos
WEE-ner> [noˑs
ˡweˑnɛr] (feminine noun)
(nos Wener > colloquial
spelling [north-west, south-east] nos
Wenar)
1 Friday night
:_______________________________.
noswyl, noswyliau
<NOS-uil,-nos-UIL-yai, -ye> [ˡnɔsʊɪl,
nɔsˡʊɪljaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine
noun)
1 rest after a day's work, night off
cael noswyl ar ôl chwech finish work
at six
amser noswyl (adv) at the end of the
working day
ETYMOLOGY: (nos = night) + soft
mutation + (gwyl = feastday)
:_______________________________.
noswyl Galan <no-suil
GAA-lan> [ˡnɔsʊɪl
ˡgɑˑlan] (feminine noun) (31 December)
1 New Year's Eve
:_______________________________.
nos Ystwyll <noos
Ə-stuilh> [noːs
ˡəstʊɪɬ] (feminine noun)
1 evening of Twelfth Day, evening of the
day of Epiphany (January 6); night of the last day of the Twelve Days of
Christmas, the night when all Christmas decorations should be removed
:_______________________________.
nouadd <NOU-adh> [ˡnɔʊað] masculine noun
1 a southern form which preserves the older pronunciation of neuadd
(= hall)
A misspelling on maps is noyadd
(delw )
..a/ Nouaddwilym
(“Noyadd Wilym”) SN2044 Llangoedmor, south-east of Aberteifi, between that town
and Llechryd.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/447774
..b/ Y Nouadd
Farm SO0761 north-east of Llandrindod
In Llandrindod there is a street called “Noyadd Close”,
named presumably for the nearby farm; the
street name would be Clos y Nouadd in Welsh
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/752628
Curiously, nearby, at SO0961 three miles east of
Llandrindod, there is a farm called Neuadd
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/154379
Neuadd
..c/ Y Nouadd
(“Noyadd”), Llangynfelyn, Ceredigion (occupier Thomas Roberts, in a 1798
Land tax assessment) (is this Neuaddyrynys (“Neuadd yr ynys” on the map)
SN6392, east of Llangynfelyn?
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/10587
..d/ Y Nouadd (“Noyadd”),
place in Eglwyswrw (Sir Benfro)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/539879 Tafarn y Neuadd-fawr, Cil-y-Cwm
..f/ Cleirwy SO2143. Name of a farm near here.
Y Nouadd Uchaf (“Upper
Noyadd”)
..g/ SN2546 Nouadd Tre-fawr (“Noyadd Trefawr”) (Ceredigion) north of Llandygwydd and south of Blaen-porth
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SN2546
..h/ Y
Nouadd Place in Merthyrcynog
Enumerator's description from the 1871 Census:
"The whole division of Yskirfechan from the Cross Keys Public House of
Merthyr Cynog to Pontfaen; and from Pontfaen to Alltcerig, and to Pant Farm
House, and to Pentwyn Farm House and to Bailey Richard, crossing the river
Yskirfechan to Car Farm house, adjoining Llanfihangel nant Bran parish and to
Blaangwy Farm house and to Noyadd
farm house."
..h/ Coed y Nouadd SO3031 (“Noyadd Wood”), Llanfeuno, Herefordshire, England
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/73938
..i/ Y Nouadd farm in Llanddewi’r Cwm, Powys, near Llanfair ym Muallt / Builth Wells (“Noyadd Farm”)
..j/ Y Nouadd, between Garnant and Blaenaman (“Noyadd Road Crossing [signal] Box on the Brynamman West [railway line]”, referred to in http://www.tytwp.plus.com/Waun/LocalRailways.html
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/208806
Garnant
..k/ Y
Neuadd, SN9566, by Afon Elan, west of Rhaeadr-gwy
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SN9566
Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust, “The Elan Valley: Deuddwr. Llanwrthwl and Rhayader
Communities, Powys”: http://www.cpat.org.uk/projects/longer/histland/elan/1139.htm
“The later 16th to later 18th centuries saw
the growth of a number of landed estates based upon the gentry properties at
Rhydoldog, Noyadd,
Dderw and Gwardolau, which between them owned much of the land in the area and
which spearheaded the introduction of a number of agricultural improvements.”
Historic Landscape Characterisation
..l/ Y Nouadd. Bochrwd, Powys.
“An estate called the Noyadd, in this parish, remained for centuries in the
possession of the Whitney family, obtained originally by the marriage of HughWhitney, Esq., of Whitney Court, in the county of Hereford, with Catherinedaughter of William Vaughan, Esq., of Maeslough in the parish of Clasbury.”Williams, Jonathan. The History of Radnorshire. Rhaeadr-gwy, 1859
:_______________________________.
Now <NOU> [nɔʊ] masculine noun
1 familiar form for Owen
Edward Owen (Tedi Now) (article on
farm labourer (d. 1976) who lived in Abercowarch, Dinas Mawddwy; Mair Jones,
Llafar Gwlad Rhif 55, Gwanwyn (= spring) 1997)
ETYMOLOGY: (n prefix, from yn = my) + (ow-, first syllable of the name Owen)
:_______________________________.
noyadd <NOU-adh> [ˡnɔʊað] masculine noun
1 a misspelling on English-language maps for nouadd, a
southern form which preserves the older pronunciation of neuadd (= hall)
:_______________________________.
nuddo / ’nuddo <NII-dho> [ˡniˑðɔ] v
(South-east Wales)
1
A form of anhuddo (fire) to bank [a fire]
, to cover [a fire] , to damp down [a fire] , to rake up [a fire]
i.e. to cover it with ashes or fuel at night to cause it to burn slowly and
last until the morning,
anhuddo’r tân / ’nhuddo’r tân / ’nuddo’r
tân bank up the fire
Colloquially the first syllable is lost anhuddo
> ’nhuddo, and this is the form in other parts of Wales In The south-east, traditionally
colloquially h is generally lost in a word anhuddo > anuddo > ’nuddo
:_______________________________.
’nunlle <NIN-lhe> [ˡnɪnɬɛ] adverb
1 (North Wales) nowhere
-Ble buost ti? -’Nunlle
-Where’ve you been? -Nowhere
ETYMOLOGY: Contraction of (nid) yn unlle
“not in any-place”
:_______________________________.
nwncwl <NUN-kul> [ˡnʊŋkʊl] (m)
1 title = uncle ENG-Z
Nwncwl Wiliam Uncle William
NOTE: London, 1825.
Observations on some of the dialects in the West of England particularly with a
glossary of words now in use there ; and poems and other pieces, exemplifying
the dialect. by James Jennings, Honorary Secretary of the Metropolitan Library
Institution, London. Glossary of words commonly used in the County of
Somerset; but which are not accepted as legitimate words of the English
language ; or words which, although once used generally, are now become provincial.
Nuncle. s. An uncle.
:_______________________________.
nwy <NUI> [nʊɪ] masculine
noun
PLURAL nwyon <NUI-on> [ˡnʊɪˡɔn]
1 gas = a substance like air which does not become a liquid or solid
when at its normal temperature
2 gas = a substance like air which is the result of high temperature
being applied to certain liquids or solids
3 gaseous substance ignited to provide heat and light
cylch nwy gas ring
diffodd y nwy turn off the gas
ffwrn nwy (American: gas stove)
(Englandic: gas cooker)
golau nwy gas light
goleuni nwy gas lighting
gosodwr nwy gas fitter, person who
installs equipment which uses gas as a fuel
llosgwr nwy gas burner
lamp nwy gas lamp
mesurydd nwy gas meter
motor nwy gas engine
nwy glo coal gas
offer nwy gas fittings, equipment
which uses gas as a fuel
prif beipen nwy gas mains, main gas
pipe
rhoi’r nwy turn on the gas
tân nwy gas fire
tanc nwy gas holder
twymydd nwy gas heater
tyrbin nwy gas turbine
4 gaseous substance used to incapacitate or kill
gwenwyno (rhywun) â nwy to gas
(someone)
mwgwd nwy gas mask
nwy dagrau tear gas
nwy gwenwynig poisonous gas, poison
gas
siamber nwy gas chamber
5 nwyglos gasproof
6 cael nwy be gassed
7 nwy-oeredig gas-cooled
ETYMOLOGY: A word coined by the lexicographer Caerfallwch (Thomas Edwards,
1779-1858), apparently with the meaning of “pervasive fluid” with the following
derivation:
1. ny- a fanciful prefix found in
William Owen-Pughe's dictionary “that is spreading, pervasive, or universal”)
2. + soft mutation
3: + (gwy - another fanciful word,
again from Owen-Pughe's dictionary, “a fluid, or liquid; water”)
(ny- + gwy) > (nywy) > (nwy)
:_______________________________.
nwy <NUI> [nʊɪ] numeral
1 nasal mutation of dwy =
two
fy nwy chwaer = my two sisters
:_______________________________.
nwydd, nwyddau
<NUIDH, NUI-dhe> [nʊɪð, ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine or plural noun)
1 product
2 nwyddau goods,
merchandise
cludwr nwyddau haulage contractor, haulier
:_______________________________.
nwyddau <NUI-dhai,
-e> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ] (plural noun)
1 goods
See nwydd
:_______________________________.
nwyddau lladrad
<NUI-dhai, -e, LHA-drad> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡɬadrad] plural noun
1 stolen goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (lladrad = stolen, root of lladrata = to steal)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau moeth
<NUI-dhai, -e, MOITH> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ,
mɔɪθ] plural
noun
1 luxury goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (moeth = luxury)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau
para <NUI-dhai,
-e, PAA-ra> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ,
pɑˑˡra] plural
noun
1 non-perishable goods, durable goods
ETYMOLOGY: “goods (of) lasting” (nwyddau
= goods) + (para = to last)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau rhedeg
<NUI-dhai, -e, HREE-deg> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ,
ˡhreˑdɛg] plural noun
1 (obsolete) smuggled goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (rhedeg verbnoun used as a past
participle “which have been run / smuggled” – from rhedeg running / smuggling; to run / to smuggle)
Cf English ‘gun-running’ = smuggling guns
:_______________________________.
nychlyd
<NƏKH-lid> [ˡnəxlɪd] adjective
1 debilitating
gwaeledd nychlyd debilitating
disease
2 sickly
ETYMOLOGY: (nych- root of nychu = languish) + (-lyd suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
nyfed
<NƏ-ved> [ˡnəvɛd] masculine
noun
1 sacred grove
2 The British word nemet-on, from
which the Welsh word derives, occurs incorporated in at least one modern Welsh
name. In Britian it is also to be seen in some Roman names of British origin,
and in some English place names of British origin.
(1) county of Devon, England: In the name Nympton; the Nymptons
form a cluster of villages south of South Molton, 20km south-east of Barnstaple
(a) Bishop's
Nympton SS7523
(b) King’s
Nympton SS6819
(c) George
Nympton S7023
(2) county of Devon, England: as Nymet, which has
given rise to the names of two neighbouring villages, Nymet Rowland and Nymet
Tracy.
(a) Nymet
Rowland SS7108, by the river
Taw, 15km south of Bishop’s Nympton, on the road from Exeter to Barnstaple,
35km south-south-east of Barnstaple and 30km north-west of Exeter. (b) At a
distance of 8km to the south of Nymet Rowland is Nymet Tracy SS7200.
This ‘Nymet’ may be the same ‘nemeton’
referred to in the Roman settlement name Nemetostatio,
which is possibly nearby North Tawton SS6601 between Okehampton and Exeter, 8km
east of Nymet Tracy (Latin statio = halting place, guard post, station).
(3) Gloucestershire, England: as the element nymp-
in Nympsfield SO8000 (5km west of Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire).
Also in Gloucestershire, the Roman site “Nemetambala” may be Lydney
SO6203, on the western side of the River Wye.
(4) Medionemeton 'the middle sacred grove'. This may be Cairnpapple Hill NS9871, 4km
north of Bathgate, Scotland; or the Roman fort at Auchendavy NS6774, east of Kenzie,
Glasgow
(5) British *vernemeton (= great
sacred grove), corresponding to modern Welsh elements (gwor- suffix = great) + (nyfed
sacred grove), is found in the following names -
...(a) Vernemetum: a Roman settlement where today
stands the village of Willoughby-on-the-Wolds SK6325, on the Fosse Way, 13km
north-west of Melton Mowbray, and south-south-east of Nottingham, between
Leicester and Newark-on-Trent.
...(b) In Wales it is found as Gwernyfed SO1737, a
village in Powys (in the part which was formerly the county of Brycheiniog), by
Aberllynfi.
(6)
*Arnemeton (= place facing the
sacred grove), from which came the name of a goddess Arnemetia “(female) of Arnemeton”, found in the name of the Roman
settlement Aquae Arnemetiae (“waters
(of) Arnemetia”). On the site of this settlement is modern-day Buxton in
Derbyshire, England. (The place name in modern Welsh would be *Ernyfed, but no place with such a name
exists)
3 as an element in Gaulish places:
(1) “Augustonemetum Arvernorum” (now Clarmont d’Auvernha in
Occitania) (French name: Clermont-Ferrand)
(2) “Vernemetis” (now Caumont, Occitania) (French
name: Caumont-sur-Garonne)
ETYMOLOGY: British nemet-on
(= sacred grove). It is found in these words in the other Celtic languages:
Gaulish kambo-nemet-on (= curved
sacred grove)
Cornish kamnevez (= rainbow, literally curved sacred grove),
Breton kanevedenn (= rainbow, literally curved sacred grove),
(Gaulish kamb-, Cornish kamm, Breton kamm = bent, crooked, curved)
Irish neimheadh (= sanctuary; status
/ person with status; holy object)
Also compare Latin nemus (= wood, grove;
grove dedicated to a deity)
Also compare Welsh neuadd (= hall), possibly n-dd from an original n-f, and from a *nemet- or a similar form
:_______________________________.
nyfytwch <nə-VƏ-tukh> [nəˡvətʊx] masculine
noun
1 (South-east Wales) dirt, filth
2 (food) disgusting mess, crap
ETYMOLOGY: nyfytwch < *nhyfrydwch < anhyfrydwch = something disagreeable, unpleasantness (an- = negative prefix) + (hyfrydwch = something agreeable,
pleasantness). If this is the origin of the word, the changes are
(1) loss of the first syllable (a characteristic phenomenon in Wesh)
(2) the change d > t (the unvoicing of the consonant at
the beginning of a final syllable is typical of the language of the south-east)
(3) nh > n loss of aspiration – typical of the language of the south-east
(4) loss of the ‘r’
:_______________________________.
nyget <NƏ-get> [ˡnəgɛt] masculine
noun
1 nougat = nuts or pieces of dried fruit pieces in a hard sugar
paste
ETYMOLOGY: English nougat <NUU-gət> [ˡnuːgət] < French < Occitan nogat < noga (= walnut) < Latin nux
(= nut)
:_______________________________.
nyrs <NƏRS> [nərs] feminine noun
PLURAL nyrsiau,
nyrsis <NƏRS-yai,
-ye,-NƏR-sus> [ˡnərsjaɪ, -ɛ,
ˡnərsɪs]
1
nurse
2
nurse as a title
Bu Nyrs Huws yn byw yn y Wenallt
Nurse Huws lived in the Wenallt
3
nursery = place where young trees are raised; plantation
Safai yr hen Wenallt mewn pantle, rhwng
y fan y saif y Wenallt presenol a'r llwyn o goed a elwir Nyrs Fachddeiliog, yn
ymyl hen orsaf ffordd haiarn y Bala.
Adgofion Andronicus (= John William Jones, Y Bala, 1842-1895) (“the
remeniscences of Andronicus”). Cyhoeddwyd / Published: Caernarfon 1894 t24
The old Wenallt (farmhouse) stood in a hollow, between the place where the
present Wenallt stands and a wood which was called Fachddeiliog Nursery, next
to the old railway station in Y Bala
Pan oeddwn i yn fachgen tyfai nyrs o
goed pin yr ochr arall i'r cwm...
meithrinfa i goed pinwydd cyn eu trawsblannu hyd a lled erwau Cymry Y Faner
21 06 91
When I was a lad there was (“there grew”) a nursery of pine trees on the other
side of the valley... a nursery for pine trees before they were transplanted
the length and breadth of the Welsh countryside (“of the acres of Wales”)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh nyrs < English nurse < norice < French norice
(in modern French nourrice =
childminder, wetnurse) < Latin nûtrîcia
(feminine adjective; ‘nourishing, that nourishes; suckling’) < nûtrîcius (masculine adjective;
‘nourishing, that nourishes’) < nûtrix
(genitive form nutricis)
(= wet nurse) < nûtrîre (=
to nourish, suckle, give suck to)
:_______________________________.
nyrsiwr,
nyrswyr <NƏRS-yur, NƏRS-wir> [ˡnərsjʊr, ˡnərswɪr] (masculine
noun)
1 male nurse
:_______________________________.
nyrsio <NƏRS-yo> [ˡnərsjɔ] (verb)
1 to nurse
:_______________________________.
nyten PLURAL nytiau <NƏ-ten,
NƏT-yai, -ye> [ˡnətɛn,
ˡnətjaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine noun)
1 nut
2 nyten
adeiniog ‹NƏ
ten a DEIN yog› wingnut
nyten asgellog
wingnut
:_______________________________.
nyth, nythod <NIITH,
NƏ-thod> [niːθ, ˡnəθɔð] (feminine
noun)
1 nest
adeiladu nyth build a nest
2 tin y nyth the youngest
child in a family, the benjamin “(the one who is in) (the) arse / bottom (of)
of the nest”, that is, “(the one who is at) (the) very bottom (of) the nest”
tin y nyth o saith o blant he was the youngest of seven children,
he was the benjamin of seven children
3 Nyth-ni, Nyth Ni (house name) our nest
Name of a house
in Llandrillo (apparently spelt as “Nythni”)
:_______________________________.
nytha <NƏ-tha> [ˡnəθa] (verb)
1 to go nesting = collect nests, rob
nests
:_______________________________.
Nyth-frân <niith VRAAN> [niːθ ˡvrɑːn] (verb)
See Nyth-y-frân
:_______________________________.
Nyth-brân <niith
BRAAN> [niːθ ˡbrɑːn] (verb)
See Nyth-y-frân
:_______________________________.
nythle <NƏTH-le> [ˡnəθlɛ] masculine
noun
PLURAL nythleoedd
<nəth-LEE-oidh, -odh> [nəθˡleˑɔɪð, -ɔð]
1 nest, nesting place
2 pigeonhole, place for a pigeon to make its nest
3 nest = snug place, place of retreat
4 den, lair = hideout for a gang; haunt
Nythle smyglers oedd y Ceinewydd slawer
dydd
Ceinewydd was a haunt of smugglers in the past
ETYMOLOGY: (nyth-, penultimate form
of nyth = nest) + soft mutation + (lle = place)
:_______________________________.
nythu <NƏ-thi> [ˡnəθɪ] (verb)
1 to nest
:_______________________________.
Nyth-y-frân <niith ə
VRAAN> [niːθ ə
ˡvrɑːn] (verb)
1 Nyth-frân house name,
Glanyfferi, Caerfyrddin
2 Nyth-brân
..a/ house in Rhondda Cynon Taf, by Y
Porth (“Nyth Bran House”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/ST0391
map
..b/ house in Tre-saith
3
Nyth y Frân
a series of articles written under this heading by Unitarian minister William
James of Pont-shân, Ceredigion (1848-1907) in Yr
Ymofynydd
4 Nyth-y-frân house
i Aber-soch
5 The place name Ravensnest Wood ST5099 at The Cot, east of Dindyrn / Tintern
could possibly be a direct transation of a Welsh name Nyth y Frân
ETYMOLOGY:
nyth y frân “(the) nest (of) the raven”, “the raven’s nest”
(nyth = nest) + (y definite article) +
soft mutation + (bràn = crow; raven)
NOTE: the linking definite article is often omitted
in place names, thus nyth y frân > nyth frân.
The form Nyth-brân is
anamolous –as it stands it means “Brân’s nest”. It must have been Nyth-frân at
an earlier date, and for some reason the soft mutation was lost; perhaps it was
reinterpreted as “y nyth brân” instead of “nyth y frân”
DIWEDD / END
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