0921e Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia (Wales-Catalonia Website). Welsh Course. The verb 'to go'. Mÿnd is one of six irregular verbs which should be learned throughly. Af fi = I shall go, ei di = you will go, aiff e = he will go, aiff hi = she will go. Thre are very many phrases and idioms with 'mÿnd' - mÿnd â (literally, 'to go with'), corresponds to English 'to take'

http://www.theuniversityofjoandeserrallonga.com/kimro/amryw/1_cwrs/cwrs_0014_ENG_mynd_0921e.htm

 

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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia
La Web de Gal·les i Catalunya
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Y ferf mynd
The verb mynd (= to go)


(delw 4666)

1273e “An Elementary Welsh Grammar” by John Morris-Jones (1864-1929), professor of Welsh at Coleg y Brifysgol (University College), Bangor. Published in 1921 (when he was aged 56 / 57). “This grammar deals with Modern Literary Welsh only. It follows the lines of my Welsh Grammar Historical and Compararive, 1913, so far as that treats of the modern language; but the matter has been largely re-written, and is in some respects more detailed.”   

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There are six irregular verbs:
mÿnd = to go, gwneud = to make / to do, cael = to reveive, to get, dod = to come, adnabod = to know (someone), gwÿbod = to know (a fact). Here we set out the forms of mÿnd


MYND = to go

 

FUTURE TENSE

PRONUNCIATION

 

1

a i, af i 

ai, aa vi

I will go

 

awn ni

au ni

we will go

 

 

 

 

2

ei di    

ei di

you will go

 

ewch chi

eu khi

you will go

 

 

 

 

3

aiff e

ai ve

he will go

 

aiff hi

aif hi, aif i

she will go

 

ân nhw

aan hu, aa nu

they will go

In North Wales:
aiff e > eith o (he'll go)
aiff hi > eith hi (she'll go)


Remember that the affirmative form is preceded by a particle - mi in the North, and fe in the South.


Mi awn ni = we shall go (North Wales)
Fe awn ni = we shall go (South Wales)

In parts of the South the particle is not usually used
Awn ni = we shall go (South Wales)

Negative form - add ddim
aiff e ddim = he won't go

Interrogative form - same as the affirmative form
aiff hi? will she go?


················

 

CONDITIONAL TENSE

PRONUNCIATION

CONDITIONAL TENSE

PRONUNCIATION

 

1

awn i   

au ni

elwn i

e lu ni

I would go

 

aen ni

ai ni

elen ni

e le ni

we would go

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

aet ti

ai ti

elet ti

e le ti

you would go

 

aech chi

ai khi

elech chi

e le khi

you would go

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

âi e

ai e

elai fe

e le ve

he would go

 

âi hi

ai hi

elai hi

e le hi

she would go

 

aen nhw

ain hu, ai nu

elen nw

e len hu, e le nu

they would go

The el- form is used in South Wales. In dialect writing sometimes written ele- (elwn i, ele ni, ele ti, ele chi, ele fe, ele hi, ele nw).

In South east Wales fe > fa; and ele > ela
(elwn i, ela ni, ela ti, ela chi, ela fe, ela hi, ela nw).

Negative form - add ddim
elai e ddim = he wouldn't go

Interrogative form - same as the affirmative form
elai hi? would she go?
················

 

PAST TENSE

PRONUNCIATION

 

1

es i

ee si

I went

 

aethon ni

ei tho ni

we went

 

 

 

 

2

est ti

ees ti

you went

 

aethoch chi

ei tho khi

you went

 

 

 

 

3

aeth e

aith e

he went

 

aeth hi

aith hi

she went

 

aethon nhw

ei tho nu

they went

In the south, etho i, etho ti instead of es i, aethost ti
In the south especially, aeth > aath
In the south-east the pronoun tag e is a. aeth e > aath a

Negative form - add ddim
aeth e ddim = he didn't go

Interrogative form - same as the affirmative form
aeth hi? did she go?
 
IMPERATIVES - NORTH WALES

 

PRONUNCIATION

 

dos

doos

go! (to one person)

dos di (EMPHATIC)

doos di

go! (to one person)

 

 

 

ewch

eukh

go! (to more than one person; or to one person, formal)

ewch chi (EMPHATIC)

eu khi

go! (to more than one person; or to one person, formal)

·····
IMPERATIVES - SOUTH WALES

 

PRONUNCIATION

 

cer

ker

go! (to one person)

cer di (EMPHATIC)

ker di

go! (to one person)

 

 

 

cerwch

ke rukh

go! (to more than one person; or to one person, formal)

cerwch chi (EMPHATIC)

ke ru khi

go! (to more than one person; or to one person, formal)


Adolygiadau diweddaraf: 20 01 2000


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