0919e Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia (Wales-Catalonia Website). Welsh Course. Sometimes a vowel before a tonic accent loses its quality and becomes a schwa. Examples - pe buasai > pe tase > py tase. Also the patronymic ap > yp, ab > yb (and later the final p or b attached itslef to the following name - ap Rhÿs > yp Rhÿs > Prÿs, ab Owen < yb Owen > Bowen)

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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia La Web de Gal·les i Catalunya Wales-Catalonia Website Y ferf reolaidd yn Gymraeg The regular verb in Welsh

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1273e “An Elementary Welsh Grammar” by John Morris-Jones (1864-1929), professor of Welsh at Coleg y Brifysgol (University College), Bangor. Published in 1921 (when he was aged 56 / 57). “This grammar deals with Modern Literary Welsh only. It follows the lines of my Welsh Grammar Historical and Compararive, 1913, so far as that treats of the modern language; but the matter has been largely re-written, and is in some respects more detailed.”

Vowels reduced to schwa before the tonic accent

There are many examples of an vowel losing its quality before a syllable with the stress. Sometimes the syllable itself falls away

1) pe buasai > pe tase > py tase. The syllable may fall away > Tase.

2) patronymics with 'ab / ap'.

The rule in modern Welsh is that ab is used before a vowel (ab Owain), and ap before a consonant (ap Morgan, ap Rhÿs, ap Hywel)
The vowel woul originally heve been long
mab - [maab] = son
Rhÿs mab Morgan [maab]
Rhÿs fab Morgan [vaab]
Rhÿs ap Morgan [ap]

The vowel lost its quality, as English representations of certain ap names show
ap Siôn, ap Jôn / Upjohn
ap Rhisiart, ap Rhitshard / Uprichard

Before a consonant the whole syllable dropped away
ap Morgan > Morgan
Before (1) a vowel, (2) h- or (3) rh- the vowel of ap / ab dropped away, and p / b passed over to the following syllable. Sometime around 1600 the ap was discarded altogether in forming patronymics
(1) ab Owen > Bowen, ab Owen > Owen
(2) ap Hywel > Pywel, ap Hywel > Hywel
(3) ap Rhÿs > Prÿs, ap Rhÿs > Rhÿs

3) Place Names - the resulting schwa taken to be the definite article 'y'.

Aber Ffraw > Abérffraw > Y Berffro (village in Môn, North Wales)
Aber Mawdd > Abérmaw' > Y Bermo (town in Gwynedd, North Wales)
Aradur > Y Radur (district of Caer-dÿdd, South-east Wales)
Aber Riw > Abérriw < Y Berriw (village in North Wales)

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Adolygiad diweddaraf / Darrera actualització 30 05 1999

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