0837e Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia (Wales-Catalonia Website). Welsh Course. "Dyma' (more or less equivalent to English 'here is') is a reduction of a question in Middle Welsh 'a weli di yma?' do you see here? It is followed by soft mutation of an initial consonant (if p,c,t,g,b,d,m,ll,rh). Tÿ = house; Dyma dÿ 'n ewÿrth - here's my uncle's house.

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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia La Web de Gal·les i Catalunya Wales-Catalonia Website Y ferf reolaidd yn Gymraeg The regular verb in Welsh

(delw 4666)

1273e “An Elementary Welsh Grammar” by John Morris-Jones (1864-1929), professor of Welsh at Coleg y Brifysgol (University College), Bangor. Published in 1921 (when he was aged 56 / 57). “This grammar deals with Modern Literary Welsh only. It follows the lines of my Welsh Grammar Historical and Compararive, 1913, so far as that treats of the modern language; but the matter has been largely re-written, and is in some respects more detailed.”

Dyma [dø-ma] is used in pointing out something close to.
It is more or less equivalent to English 'Here is, here's...'.

Originally dyma was wel dyma, a reduced form of a wel di 'ma, a weli di yma...? = do you see here...?
For example, in looking at a map...

Note: (f) = feminine, (m) = masculine, (pl) = plural

Ble mae	'r clwb nos? (m)	the night club?
Where's	'r swÿddfa bost? (f)	the post office?
Where are	'r orsaf heddlu? (f)	the police station?
	'r Mynÿdd Du? (m)	the Black Mountain?
	'r maes rygbi? (m)	the rugby field?
	'r cÿlch cerrig? (m)	the circle of stones?
	'r gerddi? (pl)	the gardens?
	'r bont newÿdd? (f)	the new bridge?
	'r pwll nofio? (m)	the swimming pool?
	'r siop cemist? (f)	the chemist's shop?
	'r plant? (m)	the children?
	capel y Bedyddwÿr? (m)	the Baptist chapel? = (the) chapel (of) the Baptists
	tÿ Siôn? (m)	Siôn's house? = (the) house (of) Siôn
	Heol y Bont? (f)	Bridge Street? = (the) street (of) the bridge
	Brÿn-gwÿn Ucha? (f)	upper Brÿn-gwÿn farm? ('white hill')
	Tyle-du? (m) (f)	(the place called) Tyle-gwÿn? (= white hill)

···

Note that in the colloquial language it is quite likely that expressions taken from English
would be used in some cases - y pôst-offis (the post office), y plis-stêshyn (the police station)

The answer is dyma + pronoun - depending on whether the noun is masculine, feminine or plural
Masculine: fe (in the north, fo)
Feminine: hi
Plural: nhw

Farms are usually 'hi', even if the name is masculine. Tyle-du would be (f) if referring to a farm (fferm is feminine) or a town (tre is feminine); (m) if a village (pentre is masculine)

Dyma fe, Dyma hi, Dyma nhw.

Ble mae Banc Lloyds /loidz/? Dyma fe (because banc is masculine)
Ble mae'r siop papurau? Dyma hi (because siop is femenine)
Ble mae'r tai newÿdd? Dyma nhw (because tai is plural)

Dyma is followed by the soft mutation of the initial consonant in a following word (c,p,t,g,b,d,m,ll,rh)
Pen-y-cae, Dyma Ben-y-cae
Here's Pen-y-cae (farm name / town name) "(the) top / end / edge (of) the field"

Ble mae Caer-dÿdd? (Where's Cardiff?) Dyma hi (Here it is). Dyma Gaer-dÿdd (Here's Cardiff)

Ble mae Llandrindod? Dyma hi. Dyma Landrindod (llan y drindod - the church of the trinity)

Ble mae Blaen-y-cwm? Dyma hi. Dyma Flaen-y-cwm (blaen y cwm - the top of the valley)

Ble mae Pont-tÿ-pridd? Dyma hi. Dyma Bont-tÿ-pridd (pont y tÿ pridd - the bridge of the clay house , house built of clay-and-straw blocks)

Ble mae Trehafren? Dyma hi. Dyma Drehafren (the town / neighbourhood by the river Hafren, "Severn-ville"; place in Y Drenewydd / Newtown)

Ble mae Abertawe? Dyma hi. Dyma Abertawe (the estuary of the river Tawe)

Ble mae Gwaelod-y-garth? Dyma hi. Dyma Waelod-y-garth (the bottom of the 'Garth' - a mountain name. Garth = hill, mountain)

Ble mae Drws y Nant? Dyma hi. Dyma Ddrws y Nant (the door / pass of the valley)

Ble mae Maes-y-dre? Dyma hi. Dyma Faes-y-dre (the field of the town, town field)

Ble mae Rhÿd-y-car? Dyma hi. Dyma Rÿd-y-car (the ford of the sled - used for transport on steep hillsides)

But double mutation is not possible.
tan or dan (a mutated form) both mean 'under'. Tan is more frequent in the north, and dan i the south.
Ble mae Dan-y-graig? Dyma hi. Dyma Dan-y-graig - (place) under the cliff / crag / rock

Adolygiadau diweddaraf: 04 06 2000

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