kimkat1047e A Welsh to
English Dictionary in scroll-down format. Geiriadur Cymraeg a Saesneg ar
fformat sgrolio-i-lawr.
08-10-2020
● kimkat0001 Yr Hafan /
Home Page www.kimkat.org
● ● kimkat2001k Y
Fynedfa Gymraeg / Welsh-language Gateway www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwefan/gwefan_arweinlen_2001k.htm
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Vocabularies www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriaduron_yn_ol_y_seiliaith_1798k.htm
● ● ● ● kimkat1818e Cyfeirddalen y geiriadur hwn /
Index to the online dictionary http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur_cymraeg_saesneg_BAEDD_mynegai_1818e.htm
● ● ● ●
● kimkat1047e This page / Y tudalen hwn
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_____________________
N, n ‹en› <EN> [ɛn] feminine noun
1) fourteenth letter of the twenty-six letter Roman
alphabet
...1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 d 5 e, 6 f, 7 g, 8 h, 9 i, 10 j, 11 k, 12 l, 13 m, 14 n, 15 o, 16 p, 17 q, 18 r, 19 s, 20 t, 21 u, 22 v, 23 w, 24 x, 25 y, 26 z
2) eighteenth letter of the twenty-nine letter Welsh
alphabet
...1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 ch, 5 d, 6 dd 7 e, 8 f, 9 ff, 10 g, 11 ng, 12 h, 13 i, 14 j, 15 l, 16 ll, 17 m, 18 n, 19 o, 20 p, 21 ph, 22 r, 23 rh, 24 s, 25 t, 26 th, 27 u, 28 w, 29 y
:_______________________________.
n- ‹n›
1 a proclitic n-
before a vowel is a reduction of the determiner yn (= my), used colloquially and
corresponding to standard Welsh fy (= my)
Fossilised with some names and a term of address
..a/ nanti (a vocative form of anti, from English auntie, or used as
a title followed by a personal name) auntie
(n = my) + (anti)
Nanti
Jên Auntie Jane
(However, it might be a straight English borrowing, since nauntie exists
or has existed in English, where it is ‘mine auntie’ > ‘nauntie’)
..b/ Now a pet form of Owen (n = my) + (Ow, first syllable of Owen)
..c/ Ned a pet form
of Edward (n = my) + (Ed, first syllable of Edward) (though this may be a straight borrowing from English, where it is
“mine Ed” > “Ned”)
..d/ Nel a pet form of Elen (n = my) + (El, first syllable of Elen)
..c/ nwncwl (a vocative form of wncwl,
from English uncle, or used as a title followed by a personal name) (n = my) + (wncwl)
(However, it might be a straight English borrowing, since nuncle exists
or has existed in English, where it is ‘mine uncle’ > ‘nuncle’)
:_______________________________.
n- ‹n›
..a/ excrescent –n
1
/ (De-ddwyrain / South-east Wales) atarn < adarn < adar (= birds)
2
/ (Sir Benfro / Pembrokeshire) glastwrn (= watered-down milk, milk and water) < glastwr
This is (glas =
blue) + (dŵr = water). In the rest of South Wales glastwrn >
glastwn (loss
of [r] before [n])*
3
/ masarn
(= maple tree e.e.
Acer pseudoplatanus) < *masar < Middle English maser <
Old French masre
4
/ siswrn (standard Welsh) (= scissors) < siswr < Middle English** cisour
(Also
siswn (North Wales) and shishwn (South Wales) (loss of [r] before
[n])*
5/
miswrn (= visor, in a suit of armour) < *miswr < *fiswr
< Middle English** visour
6/
pinsiwrn (= pincers) < Middle English** pinceour; pince-
< Old French < Latin punctum.
(Also
pinsiwn, pinshwn (loss of [r] before [n])*
7/
trenshwrn (= trncher, platter, wooden plate) < Middle English** trenchour
< the English Norman verb trencher = to cut, < Latin *trincare = cut into three.
(Also trenshwn (loss of [r] before [n])*, and trinshwn.
An example of
this phenomenon in English is wyvern
(WAI-vən) (= mythological winged
snake) < (wyver) +
(excrescent -n); < Norman wivre < Latin vîpera. Old French had guivre; modern French guivre = mythological snake
guarding a treasure.
(As
a matter of interest, Latin vîpera > British > Old Welsh >
Welsh gwiber (= viper))
* Loss of [r] before [n] is
to be seen in other words where the [n] is organic, or original. cf Sadwrn
(Saturday) > Sadwn /
(south-east) Satwn
**
Borrowings noted as Middle English from (Old) French (i.e. English Norman or
English French) might be direct borrowings from English Norman or English
French.
..b/ simplification of a consonant cluster: in some dialects ns > s
Jôns > Jos (i.e. Jōs) (surname Jones)
comins >
comis (commons, commonland)
:_______________________________.
..b/ loss of a final –n
cyfan (complete) > cyfa (northern colloquial)
Bodidda < Bodiddan (medieval township in Henryd, Conwy)
“BODIDDA, a
township in the parish of Gyffin, and hundred of Isaf, in the county of
Carnarvon, North Wales, 1 mile from Conway.” National Gazetteer, 1868
:_______________________________.
..1 na <NAA> [nɑː ] ‹NAA› (negative
particle)
nac before a vowel
1 not
2
“do not....” imperative (formal, on public signs, etc)
Na
cherddwch ar y glaswellt Keep off the grass (“Do not walk on the grass”)
Nac
ysmygwch Do not
smoke
:_______________________________.
..2 na <NAA> [nɑː ] (conjunction)
1 (in negative sentence) or, nor
Weles i
ddim bachgen na merch yno I didn’t see any boy or any girl there, I saw neither boy nor girl there
Nid ei
di byth uwch bawd na sawdl You’ll never get anywhere, you’ll never make it, you’ll never make the
grade, you’re doomed to failure (“you won’t go higher than a toe or a heel”)
Nid
oedd ganddo y rhithyn lleiaf o awdurdod na phwys yn y cwmni
He didn’t have the least bit of authority or importance in the company
:_______________________________.
..3 na <NAA> [nɑː ] masculine noun
1 no
Chymer
hi ddim “na” yn ateb
She won’t take no for an answer
Mae e
wedi gwahardd y gair “na” yn y sefyllfa honno
He has prohibited the word “no” in that situation
“Na”
mawr oedd yr ateb a gefais A definite “no” was the answer I got
ateb â
“na” plaen answer
with a clear “no”
dweud
“na” yn blwmp ac yn blaen give a definite “no”
Dyw e
byth wedi miestroli'r grefft o ddeud “Na” He’s never mastered the art of saying “No.”
Y “na”
piau hi The noes
have it
ETYMOLOGY: Independent use of the preverbal negative particle na (= not)
:_______________________________.
..4
na
<NAA> [nɑː ] relative
pronoun
1 (is the one) who-not, (is the one) that-not, (is the one) which-not
Dalla’ o bawb na fynn weld There is none so
blind as those who will not see
(“(the) blindest of everybody (is the one) who-not wants seeing”), who insists
on not seeing
:_______________________________.
nabob <NAA-bob> [ˡnɑˑbɔb] masculine noun
PLURAL nabobs <NAA-bobz> [ˡnɑˑbɔbz]
1 nabob = (1700,
1800s) person who became rich in the East, especially India
2 nabob = important person
3 nabob = member of a local power élite
Ond
dyna'r dewis addysgol gorau, meddai'r nabobs yn Neuadd y Sir
But that's the best educational choice say the nabobs of County Hall
ETYMOLOGY: English nabob < Portuguese
nababo < Hindi nawwâb (= powerful Muslim landowner) < Arabic nuwwâb (= respectful), plural form of náa'ib (= deputy, governor)
:_______________________________.
’nabod <NAA-bod> [ˡnɑˑbɔd] ‹NA bod› (verb)
1 colloquial reduction of adnabod <ad-NAA-bod> [adˡnɑˑbɔd] (= to know)
:_______________________________.
nadel <NAA-del> [ˡnɑˑdɛl] verb [ˈnaˑdɛl]
1 (county of
Ceredigion) to prevent
Variant of nadu (= prevent)
ETYMOLOGY: nadel < nadael (nad-, stem of nadu) + (alternative verb suffix –el < -ael).
Cf gadael (= to leave), colloquially gadel, which in some meanings is a replacement of an original gadu
Also Ceredigion galler (= to be able), apparently a
dissimulated form of gallel
This is standard Welsh gallu (= to be able)
(gall-, stem of gallu = to be able) + (alternative termination –el < -ael).
:_______________________________.
na bw na be <na BUU na BEE> [nɑː ˡbuː na ˡbeː]
1 not a word;
Ddywedodd
e na bw na be He
didn't say a word
(Literally “neither ‘bw’ nor ‘be’”)
:_______________________________.
’nabyddiaeth (’nabyddieth) ‹na-BƏDH-yaith,
-yeth› [naˈbəðjɛθ, naˈbəðjaɪθ]
1 knowledge, acquaintance
colli ’nabyddieth ar (rywun) forget
who (someone) is (“lose acquaintance on somebody”)
ETYMOLOGY: colloquial form of adnabyddiaeth, with the loss of the first syllable
:_______________________________.
..1 nacw <NA-ku> [ˡnakʊ] ñ pronoun
North Wales
1 hwn acw (refers to a masculine noun)
..a/, he, it, the one; the person previously mentioned
..b/ that one
there; the person or thing indicated or pointed out
Roedd
hi eisiau gwybod enw pob blodeuyn a llysieuyn. “Beth am hwn?” “Dyma glust
llygoden y felin, a nacw tu ôl iddo, y pannog melyn.”
She wanted to know the name of every flower and herb. “What about this one?”
“This is Snow-in-summer, and that one behind it is great mullein
..c/ so-and-so; a man whose name is
forgotten, whose name is not necessary to mention, whose name is unknown
2 hon acw (refers to a feminine noun)
..a/ she, it, the one the person previously mentioned
..b/ that one
there; the person or thing indicated or pointed out
..c/ the wife, the
missus
In South Wales honco
sda fi (“this one
yonder that is with me”)
..d/ so-and-so; a woman whose name is
forgotten, whose name is not necessary to mention, whose name is unknown
ETYMOLOGY: “this one over there”
(1) (hwn = this one masculine) + (acw = over
there, yonder)
(2) (hon = this one feminine) + (acw = over
there, yonder)
:_______________________________.
..2 nacw <NAA-ku> [ˡnɑˑkʊ]
(South-east Wales)
1 I am not
os nacw i’n camsyniad (= os nad wyf yn camsynied) if I’m
not mistaken
NOTE: nacw < nagw < nag wyf <
nag wy < nad wyf
(1) nag wyf. This is properly an echo answer,
spelt in modern Welsh nac wyf <NAAG uiv> [ˡnɑːg ʊɪv] Wyt ti? (=
are you) Nac wyf (= I am not). There is properly no simple
word for “no” in such answers. In southern dialects, nac wyf / nag wyf has replaced nad wyf (= that I am not)
(2) nag wyf behaves as a disyllable word; the
final [v] is lost (a phenomenon in many Welsh polysyllables), and the final <ui> [ʊɪ] is reduced to the vowel <u> [ʊ] (a usual occurrence in spoken Welsh)
(3) nagw <NAA-gu> [ˡnɑː gʊ] > <NAA-ku> [ˡnɑː kʊ]. In south-eastern Welsh, [g] at the beginning of a final syllable is devoiced to [k]
:_______________________________.
nad <NAAD> [nɑː d] (particle)
1 that...not (before a verb beginning with a vowel)
:_______________________________.
Naddawan <na-DHAU-an> [naˡðaʊan]
1 Afon Naddawan is the former name of Afon Ddawan in south-east Wales (“River Thaw”)
ETYMOLOGY: Unknown.
NOTE: A very characteristic feature of Welsh is the loss of a pretonic
syllable, as in this name: na|ddaw|an > ’ddaw|an
:_______________________________.
naddo <NAA-dho> [ˡnɑˑðɔ] (phrase)
1 no (reply to a verb in the past tense)
:_______________________________.
nad oedd e <naad OIDH e> [nɑː ˑˡd ɔɪð ɛ] (verb)
1 that he wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’
nad
o’dd e <na DOODH e> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑðɛ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddech chi <na DOI-dhe khi> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðɛxɪ] (verb)
1 that you weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’ch chi <na DOO khi> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑxɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedden nhw <na-DOI-dhe-nu> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðɛnʊ] (verb)
1 that they weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’n
nhw <na-DOO-nu> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑnʊ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedden ni <na-DOI-dhe-ni> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðɛnɪ] (verb)
1 that we weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’n
ni <na-DOO-ni> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑnɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddet ti <na-DOI-dhe-ti> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðɛtɪ] ‹na DOI dhe ti›
(verb)
1 that you weren't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd
nad o’t ti <na-DOO-ti> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑɛtɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oedd hi <na-DOI-dh
hi, na-DOI-dhi> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðhɪ,
nɑˑˡdɔɪðɪ] (verb)
1 (she) that she wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’
nad o’dd hi <na-DOO-dh hi, na-DOO-dhi> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑð hɪ, nɑˑˡdoˑðɪ]
:_______________________________.
nad oeddwn i <na-DOI-dhu ni> [nɑː ˑˡdɔɪðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wasn't
2 with reduction oe > o’, and loss of dd, and loss of dd
nad oeddwn i <na-DOO ni> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑnɪ]
:_______________________________.
Nadolig <na-DOO-lig> [nɑː ˑˡdoˑlɪg] (masculine noun)
1 Christmas
Nadolig
Llawen a Blwyddyn Newydd Dda
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year
2 Noswyl
Nadolig Christmas
Eve (24 December)
3 carol Nadolig Christmas carol
:_______________________________.
nadredd <NA-dredh> [ˡnadrɛð]
1 snakes. Plural
form of neidr <NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr] = snake
:_______________________________.
nadroedd <NA-droidh, -odh> [ˡnadrɔɪð, -ɔð]
1 snakes.
Plural form of neidr (‘neidir’) <NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr] = snake
:_______________________________.
nadu <NAA-di> [ˡnɑˑdɪ] (verb)
1 hinder, prevent
:_______________________________.
na fasa <NAA va-sa> [ˡnɑː ˡvasa] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, he she it wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sa> [nɑː ˡvasa] that he she it wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasach <NAA va-sakh> [ˡnɑː ˡvasax] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sakh> [nɑː ˡvasax] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasach chi (verb) <na-VA-sa-khi> [ˡnaˡvaˡsaxɪ]
1 (North-west) that
you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasa fo <NA va-sa-vo> [nɑː vaˡsavɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North-west) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan (= nhw) <na-VA-san> [nɑː ˡvasan] ‹na
VA san› (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, they wouldn't be
2 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan (= ni) <NAA
va-san> [ˡnɑː ˡvasan] (verb)
1 (North-west) (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-san> [nɑː ˡvasan] that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan nhw <na-VA-sa-nu> [nɑː ˡvasanʊ] (verb)
1 (North-west) that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasan ni <na-VA-sa-nɪ> [nɑː ˡvasanɪ] (verb)
1 (North-west) that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasat <NAA va-sat> [ˡnɑː ˡvasat] (verb) (reply)
1 (North-west) you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sat> [nɑː ˡvasat] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasat ti <na-VA-sat> [nɑː ˡvasatɪ] (verb)
1 (North-west) that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase <na-VA-se> [nɑː ˡvasɛ] (verb)
1 (reply) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasech <NAA va-sekh> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛx] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sekh> [nɑː ˡvasɛx] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasech chi <na-VA-se-khi> [nɑː ˡvasɛxɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase fe <na-VA-se-ve> [nɑː ˡvasɛvɛ] (verb)
1 that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase fo <na-VA-se-vo> [nɑː ˡvasɛvɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North-east) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fase hi <na-VA-se-hi> [nɑː ˡvasɛhɪ] (verb)
1 that she wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen (= nhw) (verb) <NAA va-sen> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛn]
1 (reply) no, they
wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sen> [naˡvasɛn] that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen (= ni) <NAA va-sen> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sen> [naˡvasɛn] that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen nhw <na-VA-se-nu> [naˡvasɛnʊ] (verb)
1 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fasen ni <na-VA-se-ni> [naˡvasɛnɪ] (verb)
1 that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faset <NAA va-set> [ˡnɑː ˡvasɛt] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-set> [nɑː ˡvasɛt] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faset ti <na-VA-se-ti> [nɑː ˡvasɛtɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faswn <na-VA-sun> [ˡnɑː ˡvasʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I wouldn't be
2 <na-VA-sun> [nɑː ˡvasʊn] that I wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na faswn i <na-VA-sun-i> [nɑː ˡvasʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
naffta <NAF-ta> [ˡnafta] ?masculine noun
1 Patagonian Welsh
(American: gas, gasoline) (Englandic: petrol)
ETYMOLOGY: Castilian of Argentina: nafta (= gasoline,
petrol)
:_______________________________.
nafsan <NAV-san> [ˡnavsan] v
1
(tag) colloquial for na fuasant? = (they wouldn’t) would they?
Na, fysa nhw ddim yn neud hynny, nafsan? No, they wouldn’t do that,
would they?
ETYMOLOGY:
(na) + soft mutation + (buasant).
na fuasant > na fuasan’ > na f’asan > na fysan > na f’san / nafsan
:_______________________________.
na fydd ‹na VIIDH e› (verb) <NAA VIIDH> [ˡnɑː ˡviːð] (verb)
1 (reply) no, he-she-it won't be
2
that he-she-it won't be <na VIIDH> [nɑː ˡviːð] that I won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydda <NAA və-dha> [ˡnɑː vəða] (verb)
1 (reply) no, I won't be
2 <na VƏ-dha> [nɑː ˡvəða] that I won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydda i <NAA və-dhai> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðaɪ] (verb)
1 that I won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddan <NAA və-dhan> [ˡnɑː vəˡðan] (verb)
1 (reply) no, they won't be
2 <na-VƏ-dhan> [nɑː ˡvəðan] that they won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddan nhw <na
VƏ-dha nu> [nɑː ˡvəða nʊ] (verb)
1 that they won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde <NAA və-dhe> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛ] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, he she it wouldn't be
2 <na-VƏ-dhe> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ] that he she it wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech <NAA və-dhekh> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛx] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na-VƏ-dhekh> [nɑː ˡvəðɛx] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech chi <na VƏ-dhe khi> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ xɪ] (verb)
1 (South) that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde fe <na VƏ-dhe ve> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ vɛ] (verb)
1 (South) that he wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydde hi <na VƏ-dhe hi> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ hɪ] (verb)
1 (South) that she wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden (= nhw) <NAA
və-dhen> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛn] ‹na VƏ dhen›
(verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, they wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhen> [nɑː ˡvəðɛn] that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden (= ni) <NAA-və-dhen> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛn] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, we wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhen> [nɑː ˡvəðɛn] that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden nhw <na
VƏ-dhe nu> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ nʊ]
(verb)
1 that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydden ni <NAA-və-dhe
ni> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛ nɪ] (verb)
1 that we wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddet <NAA-və-dhet> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðɛt] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you wouldn't be
2 <na VƏ-dhet> [nɑː ˡvəðɛt] that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddet ti <na
VƏ-dhe ti> [nɑː ˡvəðɛ tɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd e <na VIIDH-e> [nɑː ˡviˑðɛ] (verb)
(South) that he won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddech chi <na
VƏ-dhe-khi> [nɑː ˡvəð ɛ xɪ] (verb)
1 that you wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd hi <na VIIDH-hi, VII-dhi> [nɑː ˡviˑð hɪ, na ˡviˑðɪ] (verb)
1 (she) that she won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddi <NAA və-dhi> [nɑː ˡvəðɪ] (verb)
1 (South) (reply) no, you won't be
<NAA VƏ-dhi> [nɑː ˡvəðɪ] that you won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddi di <na VƏ-dhi-di> [nɑː ˡvəðɪ dɪ] (verb)
1 that you won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd o <na VIIDH o > [nɑː ˡviːðɔ] (verb)
1 (she) (North) that he won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwch <NAA və-dhukh> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðʊx] (verb)
1 (reply) no, you won't be
2 that you won't be <NA
və-dhukh> [nɑː ˡvəðʊx]
:_______________________________.
na fyddwch chi <na
VƏ -dhu-khi> [nɑː ˡvəðʊxɪ] (verb)
1 that you won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn <NAA və-dhun> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, we won't be
2 <na VƏ-dhun> [nɑː ˡvəðʊn] that we won't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn <NAA və-dhun> [ˡnɑː ˡvəðʊn] (verb)
1 (reply) no, they wouldn’t be
2 <na VƏ-dhun> [nɑː ˡvəðʊn] that they wouldn't be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn i <na VƏ-dhun-i> [nɑː ˡvəðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that I wouldn’t be
:_______________________________.
na fyddwn ni <na
VƏ-dhu-ni> [nɑː ˡvəðʊnɪ] (verb)
1 that we won't be
:_______________________________.
na fydd <NAA viidh> [ˡnɑː ˡviˑð] (verb)
1 (reply) no, he she it won't be
2 <na VIIDH> [nɑː ˡviˑð] that he-she-it won't be
:_______________________________.
nag <NAAG> [nɑː g]
1 not (negative
particle)
:_______________________________.
nage <NAA-ge> [ˡnɑˑgɛ] (phrase)
1 (reply) no
-Ti wnaeth hyn? –Nage Did you do this? No
:_______________________________.
nag o <NAAG oo, NAG o> [ˡnɑːg oː, ˡnɑg ɔ]
1 “than of”
In contrasting after an expression expressing quantity with o = of
mwy o
fwg nag o dân more
noise than substance, a lot of talk and little action (“more of smoke than of
fire”)
ETYMOLOGY: nag, before vowels a form of na = than) + (o = of)
:_______________________________.
nag oedd <NAAG oidh> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪð] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oedd
1 (reply) no, he she it wasn't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddach <NAAG oi-dhakh> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðax] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form is nac oeddych
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddan <NAAG oi-dhan> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðan] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddynt
1 (North-west) (reply) no, they weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddat <NAAG oi-dhat> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðat] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddyt
1 (North-west) (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddech <NAAG oi-dhekh> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðɛx] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddych
1 (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oedden <NAAG oi-dhen> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðɛn] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddynt
1 (reply) no, they weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddet <NAAG oi-dhet> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðɛt] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddyt
1 (reply) no, you weren't
:_______________________________.
nag oeddwn <NAAG oi-dhun> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪðʊn] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddwn
1 (reply) no, I wasn't
:_______________________________.
nag oes <NAAG-ois> [ˡnɑːg ˡɔɪs] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oes
1 (reply) no, there isn't
:_______________________________.
nag wyt <NAAG-uit> [ˡnɑːg ˡʊɪt] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac wyt
1 (reply) no, you aren't
:_______________________________.
nag ydw <NAAG ə-du> [ˡnɑːg əˡdʊ] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac ydwyf
1 (reply) no, I'm not
:_______________________________.
nag ydi <NAAG ə-di> [ˡnɑːg əˡdɪ] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac ydyw
1 (North) (reply) no, he she it isn't
:_______________________________.
nag ydych <NAAG ə-dikh> [ˡnɑːg əˡdɪx] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oydh
1 (reply) no, you aren't
:_______________________________.
nag ydyn <NAAG ə-din> [ˡnɑːg əˡdɪn] (verb)
Informal spelling. The literary form
is nac oeddynt
1 (reply) no, they're not
:_______________________________.
nai, neiaint <NAI,
NEI-aint, -ent> [naɪ, ˡnəɪaɪnt, -ɛnt] (masculine noun)
1 nephew
Rwy’n gwarchod fy nai bach heno I’m babysitting my little nephew
tonight
:_______________________________.
naid <NAID> [naɪd] masculine noun
PLURAL neidiau <NEID-yai,
-ye> [ˡnəɪdjaɪ, -jɛ]
1 jump, leap
rhoi
naid take a jump,
do a jump (“give a jump”)
2 (Athletics) jump
gwrthnaid backward jump
hwb,
cam a naid triple
jump; hop, skip and jump
naid ar
herfa running jump
naid
cwningen rabbit
jump
naid driphlyg triple jump
naid
gwrcwd plural:
neidiau
cwrcwd crouch jump
naid
hir long jump
naid
stond standing jump
naid
uchel high jump
naid
wib plural: neidiau gwib running jump
2 jump = copulation
rhoi
naid i copulate
with;
·····(1) (of a stallion) cover (the mare)
·····(2) (of a man) give (a woman) the jump;
3 jump = obstacle to be jumped over
4 (South-east Wales) arch of a bridge
pont
pump naid (= pont pum naid) a five arch bridge
5 (Native Laws) measure equal to nine feet
6 ar un
naid = in one go
7 ar naid (heraldry) salient = represented as
leaping
8 (modifier) leap = having
an intercalary day, an extra day inserted in the calendar
blwyddyn naid = leap year
diwrnod naid = leap day, February
29
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British *natiâ Cf Latin natâre (= to
swim)
:_______________________________.
Naid-y-march <naid ə MARKH> [naɪd ə ˡmarx]
1 hamlet SJ1675 and
farm SJ1675 in the county of Sir y Fflint. The English name is “Horse’s Leap”.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/browse.php?p=337878
map
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) leap (of) the horse” (naid = leap) + (y definite article) + (march =
horse)
:_______________________________.
naiff <NAIF> [naɪf] verb
1 naiff < wnaiff < a wnaiff who will do, who will make; which will do, which will make. Gwnaiff = third person singular of the future of gwneud (= to do)
Pa beth
a wnaiff ef? > Be’ naiff e? What will he do? ((“it is”) what thing that he
will do?”)
:_______________________________.
na'i gilydd <nai GII-lidh> [naɪ giˑlɪð]
1 than others, than
other people (“than its fellow”)
Yn y
dre hon y mae yna rai lleoedd sydd yn saffach na'i gilydd i fyw ynddyn nhw
In this town there are some places which are safer to live in than others
rhywun mwy caredig na'i gilydd somebody kinder than other people
:_______________________________.
naill <NAILH> [ˡnaɪɬ ] (determiner)
1 (South Wales) one of two = having only one remaining
..1/ naill
adain = one-winged;
in difficulties following the death of a husband or wife
..2/ naill
fraich = one-armed
..3/ naill
goes = one-legged
..4/ naill
lygad = one-eyed
2 one = chosen instead of the other
naill
ochr to one side,
on one side; away, stored, not in use
3 either = both
naill
ochr on either
side, on both sides
Sioni
naill ochr (1) hypocrite
(person who supports two opposing sides); (2) shrimp
4 y naill (+ soft mutation + noun) =
the one
5 y naill ddiwrnod ar ôl y llall day after day (“the one day after
the other”)
6 o'r
naill ben i'r llall
from one end to the other
o'r
naill ben i'r llall i (rywbeth) from one end to the other (of something)
Erbyn
hyn daeth angen am faelfa (shop) yn y lle, canys nad oedd yr un yn y cwm o'r
naill ben i'r llall iddo Aeron Afan (1855) page 94
Then there came the need for a shop in the place as there wasn't one in the
valley from one end to the other
o’r naill ben i’r flwyddyn i’r llall
from one end of the year to the other, from year’s end to year’s end
7 dwyn o’r naill law i dalu’r llall to rob Peter to bay Paul (“steal from one
hand he to pay the other”)
8 yn y
naill dŷ na'r llall in either house
Ni
chawsom wahoddiad i aros dros nos yn y naill dŷ na'r llall
We weren’t invited to
stay overnight in either house
ETYMOLOGY: naill < neill < y neill < yn eill (yn = obsolete form of the definite article) + (form related to all = other, ail =
second)
:_______________________________.
y naill a'r llall <ə NAILH ar LHALL> [ə ˡnaɪɬ ar ˡɬaɬ]
pronoun
1 both of them
Mae’r
naill a’r llall wedi gwrthod dod Both have refused to come
2 each of us / you / them
ETYMOLOGY: (y naill = the one ) + (a = and) + (y llall =
the other)
:_______________________________.
naill adain <nailh AA-dain, -den> [ˡnaɪɬ ˡɑˑdaɪn, -ɛn] adjective
1 one-winged
Used of a man whose wife has died or a woman whose husband has died.
bod yn naill adain be at a real loss, find it hard to live alone,
be all alone
Druan
fach, naill aden fydd hi nawr, wedi colli’i gŵr
The poor thing, she’ll be find it hard now after losing her husband
(Example from Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / University of Wales Dictionary,
tudalen / page 2550)
ETYMOLOGY: (naill = one (of two)) + (adain = wing)
:_______________________________.
y naill y llall <ə
NAILH ə LHALH> [ə ˡnaɪɬ ə ˡɬaɬ]
pronoun
1 each other
Roeddynt
yn cyfarch y naill y llall They were greeting each other
ETYMOLOGY: (y naill = the one ) + (y llall = the other)
:_______________________________.
nain, neiniau ‹NAIN,
NEIN-yai, -ye› [naɪn, ˡnəɪnjaɪ, -jɛ] (feminine noun)
1 (North Wales) grandmother
Diminutive form: neina <NEI-na› [ˡnəɪna] grandma, gran, grannie
NOTE: South Wales
has mam-gu
(‘cherished mother’)
:_______________________________.
naint <naint> [naɪnt]
1 an old plural
form of nant (= valley; stream), nowadays nentydd
(= streams).
Occurs in place names.
:_______________________________.
nam PLURAL namau <NAM,- NA-mai, -me> [nam, ˡnamaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine noun)
1
defect, fault, imperfection, handicap
nam cynhwynol congenital defect
hongian llun dros y nam ar y wal hang a picture over the bad patch on the wall
babanod â nam difrifol arnynt babies with serious
handicaps
nam ar y lleferydd speech defec; lisp
Mae nam ar
'i leferydd – mae e'n dweud eth am es he’s got a lisp
- he says th instead of s
2 di-nam blameless, faultless; unblemished, pure; honest, true
(di- = privative prefix) + (nam = imperfection)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British < Celtic
From the same British root: Breton namm
:_______________________________.
na'm / nam <NAM> [nam]
1 yna + ddim (there +
no)
nid oes syndod (literary form) (= it's not surprising)
> nid oes yna ddim syndod (base colloquial form)
>
does na'm syndod (colloquial form)
> ’s na’m syndod, snam syndod (colloquial form)
(nid = not) + (oes = is) + (yna = there)
+ (ddim = no) + (syndod = surprise)
:_______________________________.
namyn
<NA-min> [ˡnamɪn] (prep)
1 except for, apart from ENG-Z
Nid oedd sŵn yn unman namyn sŵn y dŵr yn taro ar y creigiau
There was no sound anywhere except the sound of the water hitting the
rocks
dim manyn... nothing but
Dim namyn rhif yw dyn i bobl y Pencadlys
A person is nothing but a number to the people in the Headquarters/ the
Council Offices
2 (numerals) minus, save, less than
y ganfed namyn un the
ninety-ninth (‘the hundredth less one’)
3 (in negative sentence) nothing more than
Pan es i nôl i’r hen fro yr oedd newid mawr wedi bod. Nid oedd y llyn namyn
pwll bach, na’r coed mawr namyn ambell goeden bitw ar lan y nant
When I went back to the old home district there had been a great change.
The lake was nothing more than a little pool, and the great wood nothing more
that a couple of small trees next to the brook.
ETYMOLOGY: namyn < namwyn <
namoen < (na + moe + na = not / the thing which not + more + than)
:_______________________________.
Nan <NAN> [nan] ‹NAN› (feminine
noun)
1 diminutive of the name Ann
:_______________________________.
nannau <NA-nai, -ne> [ˡnanaɪ, -ɛ]
1 an old plural
form of nant (= valley; stream), nowadays nentydd
(= streams).
:_______________________________.
nant (1) <NANT> [nant] masculine noun
PLURAL nentydd, nantoedd <NEN-tidh, NAN-toidh, -todh > [ˡnɛntɪð, ˡnan–tɔɪð, –ɔð]
Older plurals are naint, nannau
1 (obsolete) valley. In later times it came to
mean stream, and is a feminine noun (probably through its association with afon (=
river), a feminine noun). See the entry below.
2 second element (= valley) in some compound forms:
ceunant / crafnant / creignant / crognant / dyfnant /
ffinnant
…………………………..
..a/ ceunant (m) ravine (ceu- < cau = empty)
+ (nant = valley);
In the south the form counant occurs
y ceunant = the deep valley
…………………………..
..b/ crafnant “the valley of the ramsons / wild garlic; wild-garlic valley”
(craf = ramsons / wild garlic) + (nant = valley)
SH7662 Afon
Crafnant river in
the county of Conwy, flowing north-east from the reservoir called Llyn
Crafnant, and joining the river Conwy north of Tréfriw
…………………………..
..c/ crognant (m) hanging valley – valley
produced by glacial erosion which drops steeply into a main valley (crog- < crogi = to
hang) + (nant = valley);
y crognant = the hanging valley
…………………………..
..d/ dyfnant (m) deep narrow valley, ravine (dyfn- < dwfn = deep)
+ (nant = valley);
y dyfnant = the deep valley
…………………………..
..e/ ffinnant ‹FI-nant›[ˡfɪnant] (ffin =
boundary) + (nant = stream)
…………………………..
..g/ Gwennant Woman’s name (“white stream / brook” ) (gwen-,
gwenn-, < gwen feminine
form of gwyn = white) + (nant = stream) > gwén-nant < gwennant
4 Ffilmiau’r Nant (“Y Nant films”) TV production company located in the town of
Caernarfon
Y Nant (“the valley”) is Nantperis
(“(the) valley (of) Peris”) (nowadays the village of Llanberis, where nant has been confused with llan, a much more usual first element in a settlement name. This is the home
village of the founder of the company.
5
Nanmor (< Nántmor < Nántmawr < nant mawr “great
valley”) village by Beddgelert
Dafydd Nanmor a praise bard of the 1400s was from this valley
6
in certain place names, confusion has occurred, and nant (= valley) has been replaced by llan (= church):
..1/ Llanddewi Nant Hodni > Nant’oddni (= valley of the Hodni / Hoddni
river) > Llanto’ni / Llantoni
..2/ Llanfihangel Nant Teyrnon > Nant-teyrnon (= valley of Teyrnon) >
Llantarnam
..3/ Nant Carfan / Nantcarfan > Llancarfan (= valley of Carfan)
..4/ Nant Garan / Nantgaran (valley of the Garan stream) > Llangaran
(> Llangaron?, with the change of a > o which occurs in the final
syllable of some words in Welsh, as in medieval Welsh cawad = shower, modern
Welsh cawod). Spelt in English Llangarron. This is a village in Herefordshire
England, in former Welsh lands west of the Gwy (Wye) river, and is a few miles
south-west of Rhosan ar Ŵy¨ (Ross on Wye)
..4/ Nant Peris / Nantperis (= valley of Peris) > Llanberis
..5/ Nant Rhirid / Nantrhirid (= valley of Rhirid) > Llantriddid (on
English-language maps as Llantrithyd)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/ST0472
map, the village
Possibly because village names with nant (= valley) as a first element are
not common in Wales, nant occurring mainly as a non-habitative name, there was a tendency to
replace it with llan, a much commoner first element in settlement names
ETYMOLOGY:
Welsh nant < British
< Celtic
From the same British root:
..1/ Cornish nans (formerly nant) (= valley) – both common in place names in Cornwall (nant in the east, nans in the
west).
..2/ Breton ant (= furrow) (an example of wrong
word-division - an nant came to be understood as an ant). In place names, nant (= valley)
In Gaulish too there was a word nant- (=
valley), appearing as an entry nanto, “valle” in Endlichers Glossary (The
Glossary is a Gaulish-Latin wordlist in a manuscript of the 800s, a copy of an
earlier work probably from the 500s or 600s. It was compiled by a native of
South Gaul, and lists Gaulish words which would have been still in use at the
time it was written. The Glossary is preserved in the Austrian National
Library.)
(delwedd 7222)
Nanteuil, in south-eastern France, is Gaulish nant-ial-o
“valley clearing”,
corresponding to Welsh nant (= (older) valley; (nowadays) stream) and iâl (= (older) clearing; (later)
cultivated upland).
(Had this compound occurred in British and had passed into Welsh it would have
been “Neintial” in modern Welsh)
In the Arpitan language (also called ‘Franco-Provençal) in the Alpine border
regions of the states of Italy, France and Switzerland, nant is
apparently still in use as a common noun, as well as being quite frequently
found in place names in Arpitania (these Alpine regions where Arpitan is
spoken). See the following entry: Welsh nant = stream
NOTE: Obsolete plural forms are
1. nannau
from (nant) + (plural suffix au).
Note the change nt- > nnh- > nn- (nant-eu > nan-nheu > nan-neu / nannau)
Compare cant (= one hundred), cannoedd (=
hundreds).
See -nn-
2. naint, from a Middle Welsh form neint
British (stem nant- +
-i) > *neint-i > Welsh neint > naint
:_______________________________.
nant (2) <NANT> [nant] feminine or masculine noun
PLURAL nentydd, nantoedd <NAN-toidh,
-todh, NAN-tidh> [ˡnan–tɔɪð, –tɔð, ˡnantɪð]
Older plurals are naint, nannau
1
(feminine noun) stream, brook. In older Welsh, it meant valley, and was a
masculine noun. See the entry above. Its feminine gender proabably came about
because of the word’s association with afon (= river), a feminine word.
Occurs in Cambrian English as ‘nant’ (“the dog was in the nant” etc)
Safai
Gerddi Gleision ar waelod darn o nant goediog, gysgodol, mewn lle oedd yn
llygad haul canol dydd (Melin-y-ddôl; William a Myfanwy Eames; 1948; t121)
Gerddi Gleision stood in at the bottom of part of a sheltered wooded stream, in
a place which received the midday sun
2
(= stream) second element in some compound forms
..1/ cornant (f) little stream, brook, runlet,
small stream (cor- prefix = little)
y gornant = the little stream
..2/ glasnant (f) blue stream
y lasnant = the blue stream
..3/ llednant (f) tributary, feeder (lled- = half)
..4/ mornant
(f) (coastline)
inlet , creek (môr = sea)
y fornant = the creek
..5/ rhagnant (f) tributary, feeder (rhag- = before)
3 ffinnant boundary stream
(ffin = boundary, border) + (nant = stream)
House name in Bangor (county of Gwynedd) (in the list of members in “The
Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion” 1961 / Part 1) (spelt
“Ffinant”)
4 Afon Cadnant
= name of various streams; “strong stream, stream with a strong flow”,
literally “battle-stream”
5
Names of houses and streets
Sŵn-y-nant (“(the) sound (of) the stream”) A
street name in
..a/ Pen-coed (county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr) (“Swn y Nant”)
..b/ Gartholwg (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf) (“Swn y Nant”)
..c/ Penpedairheol (county of Caerffili) (“Swn y Nant”)
..d/ Creunant (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan) (“Swn y Nant”)
..e/ Trimsaran (county of Trimsaran) (“Swn y Nant”)
..f/ Cwm-twrch Isaf (county of Powys (Brycheiniog) (“Swn-y-Nant”)
..g/ Bryn-coch Uchaf, Yr Wyddgrug (county of Y Fflint) (“Swn y Nant”)
Sibrwd-y-nant (“(the) whispering (of) the stream”)
House name in Pont-iets
(county of Caerfyrddin)
6 Hafnant ‘summer stream’ (haf =
summer) + (nant = stream)
..a/ (SH8046) stream in Aberconwy (county of Conwy)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/417595
map
..b/ street name in Winsh-wen, Abertawe (county of Abertawe)
7 house name: Llais y Nant / Llais-y-nant (“(the) sound / voice (of) the stream”). Also, with
the elements reversed, Nantlais (nant = stream)
8
(SJ2850) Y Nant locality 5km west of Wrecsam, by
Coed-poeth (county of Wrecsam). On English-language maps as “The Nant”. This
would seem to be the case of a short name displacing the original full name.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SJ2850
Y Nant
9
mor
sicr â'r nant i'r afon as sure as sure, there can
be no doubt about it (“as sure as the
stream to the river”, as sure as a stream flows down into a river)
10 nant (= stream) would seem to be a masculine noun in some place names
Nant Garw (= “rough stream”, stream where the water flows
with great force), rather than *Nant Arw
11 SN5162 Pennant village in Ceredigion pen y nant “(the) head (of) the valley”
> pen-nánt > (stress shift) pén-nant
12 First element in numerous stream names (some
of these examples though might be nant =
valley, rather than the name of a stream)
Nant
Aberbleiddyn, Nant Aberderfel, Nant Adwy'r Llyn, Nant
Aman Fach, Nant Arberth, Nant Bachell,
Nant y
Bachws, Nant Bachwy, Nant Barrog,
Nant y
Betws, Nant Brân, Nant Brwyn, Nant Brwynog,
Nant y
Bugail, Nant Caeach, Nant Caedudwg,
Nant
Carfan, Nant Carn, Nant
Cerrig y Gro, Nant Cledlyn, Nant y Coed,
Nant
Craig y Frân, Nant Creuddyn, Nant Crychell,
Nant
Crymlyn, Nant Cwm Tywyll, Nant Cwm Pydew,
Nant y
Cyllyll, Nant Cymrun, Nant Cynnen,
Nant
Ddu, Nant Derbyniad, Nant yr Eira,
Nant
Felys, Nant Ffridd Fawr, Nant y Ffrith,
Nant
Gewyn, Nant Goch, Nant y
Graean, Nant y Gro, Nant y Groes,
Nant
Gwennol, Nant Gwilym, Nant Gwyn, Nant Gwynant, Nant Gyhirych,
Nant y
Gylchedd, Nant Hafesb, Nant yr Hafod,
Nant yr
Hengwm, Nant Hesgog, Nant Hir, Nant Islyn, Nant Leidiog,
Nant
Magwr, Nant Meichiad, Nant Melai, Nant Methan, Nant y Moch,
Nant
Olwy, Nant y Pandy, Nant Paradwys,
Nant
Pasgen Bach, Nant Pen y Cnwc, Nant Peris, Nant Pibwr, Nant Rhydwen,
Nant
Rhyd y Fedw, Nant Rhysfa, Nant Sarffle,
Nant y
Sarn, Nant y Stabl, Nant Tawelan,
Nant
Terfyn, Nant Trefil, Nant Treflyn,
Nant
Trogi, Nant y Waun, Nant Ystradau
etc
12 In place names, it can be ‘valley’ or ‘stream’, depending on the
history of each name. Some are obviously ‘stream’, others obviously “valley”,
but some are doubtful.
Aber-nant,
Creignant, Creunant, Crugnant, Glan-y-nant, Hirnant, Min-y-nant, Nannerch, Nant
Ffrancon, Nant Gwrtheyrn, Rhuddnant, Trefnant, Trinant
13 Gwêl-y-nant view of
the stream
(gwêl = view) + (y definite
article) + (nant = stream, valley)
NOTE: In Arpitan (or Francoprovençal), a Latinate language spoken in the Alpine
region in the border zones of three modern states – Italy, France and
Switzerland, ‘nant’ was
originally ‘valley’, and the word is still used to this day in the sense,
though nowadays it has the sense of ‘stream’ (or a torrent, or mountainside
stream, given the nature of the topography), parallelling the sense development
in Welsh.
Gaulish nant-u
/ nant-o- (= valley) was taken into Vulgar Latin, which in these regions evolved
into modern-day Arpitan.
Place names with nant or derivative forms are abundant
– for example
..1/ Le Bon
Nant, a stream flowing into the Arve in Upper
Savoy;
..2/ Le
Nantet (“little stream”) in Annemasse in Upper Savoy;
..3/ Nantbellet
(“Bellet’s stream”) in Upper Savoy. (Bellet is
an Arpitan personal name formed from (bell = fair, good-looking)
+ (-et diminutive suffix))
(delwedd 7223)
In Geneva, it still
has, or had, the sense of ‘valley’ (nant : C´était un ravin boisé au fond
duquel coule un petit ruisseau) (Translation: nant: it was a wooded ravine
at the bottom of which a small stream flowed.)
(From Termes Regionaux de Suisse Romande et de Savoie http://henrysuter.ch/glossaires/patoisN0.html#nant
).
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British nant- < Celtic.
The Indo-European root is *nem-, “a curve or slope”
(Porkorny p.764).
:_______
:_______________________________.
Nant Conwy <nant-KOO-niu> [nant ˡkoˑnʊɪ]
1
division (kúmmud
/ cwmwd) of the kántrev
(cantref) of Arllechwedd
2
Nantconwy (pre-1974) former rural district in
the county of Caernarfon
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) valley (of the river) Conwy) (nant = valley; modern Welsh = stream) + (Conwy river name)
________________________.
Nantcriba <nant-KRII-ba> [nant ˡkriˑba]
1
farm SJ2301 on Clawdd Offa, north of Trefaldwyn / Montgomery and east of
Ffordun / Fordern
2 township (English name: Wropton)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/826795
NOTE: The National Gazetteer (1868)] “WROPTON, a township in the parish
of Forden, county Montgomery, 3 miles N. of Montgomery.”
(delwedd 7414)
ETYMOLOGY: nant criba < ??nant
y criba < ??nant y cribau “(the) stream (of) the ridges (nant = stream) + (y definite article) + (cribau, plural of crib = ridge)
Though nant y
cribe would be the
local form of nant y cribau
:_______________________________.
Nant Daear Llwynog <nant DEI-ar LHUI-nog> [nant dəɪar ˡɬʊɪnɔg]
1
valley in Dwygyfylchi, through which the fast-flowing Afon Gyrach descends from
the moorland
The short form is Y Nant
“Penmaenmawr
Historical Society Booklet 1978” on the Penmaenmawr and
Dwygyfylchi Website http://www.penmaenmawr.com/historyVillageNames.html
The English name is
“The Fairy Glen”
ETYMOLOGY: nant daear y llwynog “(the) valley (of) (the) earth (of) the
fox
(nant = stream) + (daear =
earth) + (y definite article) + (llwynog = fox)
The loss of the linking definite article is very common in place names
:_______________________________.
Y Nant Ddu <ə nant DHII> [ə
nant ˡðiː]
1 stream name in
Treharris (Merthyrtudful)
There is a Nant Ddu Terrace SO0605 (which would be Rhestr
y Nant Ddu in
Welsh) and nearby, to the north-est, a road called Blackbrook Road (Blackbrook
is evidently a translation of the Welsh name), which in Welsh would be Heol y Nant Ddu
2 probably the Welsh
name of the stream by Blackbrook House SO4420, Ynysgywraidd / Skenfrith SO4520
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SO4220
ETYMOLOGY: “the black stream” (y definite
article) + (nant = stream) + soft mutation + (du = black)
:_______________________________.
Nant Dyfrgi <nant DƏVR-gi> [nant ˡdəvrgɪ]
1 stream name in
Ystradowen, county of Bro Morgannwg
ETYMOLOGY: nant y dyfrgi “(the) brook (of) the otter”
(nant = stream) + (y definite article) + (dyfrgi =
otter)
:_______________________________.
Nant Ffrancon <nant-FRANG-kon> [nant ˡfrankɔn] feminine noun
1 SH6363 part of
the valley of the Ogwen between Bethesda and Llyn Ogwen (in the county of
Gwynedd)
Postal Address: Nant Ffrancon, Bethesda, BANGOR, Gwynedd
2
Tremffrancon name of a street in Bethesda (“view
(of) (Nant) Ffrancon”) (“Trem Ffrancon”)
:_______________________________.
Y Nant Garw <ə nant-GAA-ru> [ə
nant ˡgɑˑrʊ]
1
A stream name noted by John Hobson Mathews (Mab Cernyw) 'Cardiff Records'
(1889-1911)
“NANT-GARW (rough brook.) A brook of this name divides the parishes of Leckwith
and Caerau.”
ETYMOLOGY: y nant garw “(the)
rough brook”
(y definite article) + (nant = stream) + (garw =
rough; probably in the sense of turbulent, fast-flowing)
:_______________________________.
Nantglyn <NANT-glin> [ˡnantglɪn] feminine noun
1 SJ0061 locality the
county of Dinbych, 6km south-east of the town of Dinbych
ETYMOLOGY: ?
:_______________________________.
Nant Helygi <nant-he-LƏ-gi> [nant hɛˡləgɪ] feminine noun
1 SJ1803, near
Berriw (Powys)
The English name is “Luggy Brook”, from a clipped form in Welsh Nant ’Lygi
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/553014
:_______________________________.
nanti ‹nan -ti› feminine
noun <NAN-ti> [ˡnantɪ]
1 (a vocative form,
or used as a title followed by a personal name) auntie
Nanti
Jên Auntie Jane
(However, it might be a straight English borrowing, since nauntie exists
or has existed in English, where it is ‘mine auntie’ > ‘nauntie’)
ETYMOLOGY: nanti < yn anti (=
my auntie) (yn, colloquial form of fy = my)
:_______________________________.
Nantlais <NANT-lais> [ˡnantlaɪs]
1 house name
2
street name
..a/ Corntwn (county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr) (“Nantlais”)
..b/ Cwmllynfell (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan) (“Nantlais”)
..c/ Mwynglawdd (county of Wrecsam) (“Nantlais”)
..d/ Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr (spelt erroneously as “Nant Lais”, as two words
although it is in fact a compound form. The spelling Nant Lais suggests that
the stress is on the final element – though in fact is is on the penult - and
that the meaning is “stream (belonging to) (someone called) Lais”)
ETYMOLOGY: “stream-voice”, the sound of the stream
(nant = stream) + soft mutation + (llais = voice)
:_______________________________.
Nantlys ‹NANT-lis› [ˡnantlɪs]
1 house name
Name given to a mansion built 1872-1874
by Tremeirchion by Philip Pennant Pennant.
(NANT = brook, stream) + (soft
mutation LL > L) + (LLYS = court), Meaning: “brook court”. The house
overlooks a stream called “Nant Gwilym”.
Equivalent to the name Llys-y-nant,
Llys-nant.
Sometimes found in house names by
imitation.
:_______________________________.
Nant-moel <nant-MOIL> [nantˡmɔɪl]
1 Name of a farm south of Mynydd y Glog,
north-east of Hirwaun. (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Also:
Nant-moel Uchaf (farm name) (uchaf =
“highest”, upper)
Cronlyn Nant-moel (name of a reservoir
near the farm) (cronlyn = reservoir)
ETYMOLOGY: Nant-moel (settlement name) < Nant Moel (name of a natural feature) < Nant y Moel
The name is the same as that of Nant-y-moel (qv),
village in the county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
The loss of the linking definite article is common place names
MEANING: Possibly “the valley / the stream of the monk”
(nant = stream) + (y =
definite article) + (moel = bald man; tonsured man; from the adjective moel = bald, tonsured)
Moel (f) is ‘bare hill’ but in this name it is a
masculine noun.
Compare the corresponding word in Irish: maol (= devotee
of a saint). It occurs in some Irish surnames.
:_______________________________.
nantoedd <NANT-oidh,-odh> [ˡnantɔɪð, ˡnantɔð]
1 an alternative
plural form of nant (= valley; stream), generally nentydd
(= streams).
:_______________________________.
Nant Talwg ‹nant
TAA-lug›
1 In Y Barri
(county of Bro Morgannwg) there is a stream called Nant Talwg. The stream name Talwg is taken from the name of a ford.
Talwg
< Rytalwg (Rhy’ Talwg)
< Rytalog (Rhy’ Talog)
< Ryd
Halog (Rhyd Halog) (=
dirty ford / muddy ford)
There is devoicing of d before h, and the h is lost (d
+ h) + (t)
..a/ The name occurs in the name of a street “Nant Talwg Way”, which would be
in Welsh Heol
Nant Talwg or
simply Nant
Talwg / Nant-talwg
..b/ Coed
Cwm Talwg name of a
wood here
..c/ Cwm
Talwg name of a
public house here
NOTE: The change -og > -wg in the south-west is also to be seen in the place names
...a/ Llangatwg > Llangadog (also with a change typical of the south-east - d as the initial consonant of the final syllable > t
..b/ Morgannwg
..c/ Gwynllŵg
Talwg
< Rytalwg (Rhy’ Talwg)
< Rytalog (Rhy’ Talog)
< Ryd
Halog (Rhyd Halog) (=
dirty ford / muddy ford)
There is devoicing of d before h, and the h is lost (d
+ h) + (t)
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-caws <nant-ə-KAUS> [nant ə ˡkaʊs]
1 SN4518 locality
in the county of Caerfyrddin, 4km east of Caerfyrddin
Nant-y-caws, CAERFYRDDIN, Dyfed
2 SN4518 locality 3km south of Croesoswallt (Oswestry), Anglaterra
ETYMOLOGY: As it stands, this is (“(the) stream (of) the cheese”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (caws =
cheese)
In fact, earlier forms show the final element to be cawsi (qv) (= causeway)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Ci <nant ə KII> [nant ə ˡkiː]
1 Stream name, west
of Caerfyrddin / Carmarthen, and north-west of Llan-llwch
http://www.geograph.org.uk/browse.php?p=197557
map
Nant-y-ci A farm SN3719 at this place (spelt “Nantyci” on
the Ordnance Survey map)
Maes Sioe’r Siroedd Unedig, Nant-y-ci The United Couinties Showground, Nant-y-ci
2 Clos Nant y Ci
<KLOOS nant ə KII> [ˡkloːs nant ə ˡkiː] Street name in Saron SN6012, west of Rhydaman (“Nant y Ci Close”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/68987
map
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) stream (of) the dog”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (ci = dog)
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-ffin <nant-Ə-FIIN> [nant ə ˡfiːn]
1 locality SN5532 in the county of Caerfyrddin, 3km south-west of
Abergorlech, on the road to Brechfa
2 street name in Llansamlet (county in Abertawe).
Occurs as “Nantyffin South” (in Welsh, this would be Nant-y-ffin Isa) and “Nantyffin North” (Nant-y-ffin Ucha)
ETYMOLOGY: boundary stream (“(the)
stream (of) the boundary, the border”)
(nant = stream) + (y definite
article) + (ffin = boundary, border)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Fflint <nant-ə-FLINT> [nant ə ˡflɪnt]
1 (SJ2473) Stream
running into the river Dyfrdwy by Y Fflint
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) stream (of) Y Fflint”) – that is, “the stream in the town of
Y Fflint”
(nant = stream) + (Y Fflint = town name)
:_______________________________.
Nantygleisiad <nant-ə-GLEI-shad> [nant ə ˡgləɪʃad]
1 street name in
Rhesolfen, (county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan)
ETYMOLOGY nant y gleisiad (“(the) stream (of) the salmon”)
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (gleisiad =
young salmon)
Gleisiad is (glas = blue) + (-iad
suffix), “(the) blue one”, i.e. blue fish. In its first year the back of a
salmon is bluish in colour.
NOTE: Locally one would expect gleisiad > gli’siad <GLII-shad> [ˡgliˑʃad]
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-glo <nant-ə-GLOO> [nant ə ˡgloː]
1 village in the
county of Blaeanau Gwent
The “English” name is the poor Welsh spelling Nantyglo.
2 Nanty Glo, Cambrian county, Pennsylvania.
The place so name in the USA has the idiosyncratic spelling Nanty Glo, probably
a device to indicate that the stress is on the final element of the name
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanty-Glo,_Pennsylvania#cite_ref-GR1_0-0
ETYMOLOGY (“(the) valley (of) the coal or charcoal”)
(nant = valley) + (y = definite article) + (glo = coal
or charcoal)
Although the original meaning was probably “valley” of the coal rather than
“stream” of the coal, part of Nant-y-glo in Blaenau Gwent has the English name
Coalbrookvale, which seems to be a translation of a Welsh name Cwm Nant y Glo.
Such a Welsh name would suggest that ‘nant’ has been understood as stream, and
that Nant y Glo is the name of the stream flowing down this valley.
If so, the stream
probably had another name at one time.
:_______________________________.
Nant y Milwr <nant
ə MII-lur> [nant ə ˡmiˑlʊr]
1 Nant y Milwr (natural feature; elements are written
separately). Name of a stream in Craig-cefn-parc (county of Castell-nedd ac
Aberafan)
2 Nantymilwr a farm at this place (settlement
names are written as one word)
ETYMOLOGY: “(the) stream (of) the soldier”, the soldier’s stream. In such names
the singular form could refer to a group – hence “the stream of the soldiers”,
“soldiers’ stream”)
(nant = stream) + (y = the) + (milwr =
soldier)
Compare Gwlad y
Sais (an old
literary name or a jocular name for England – “the land of the Englishman” – that is, “the land of the Englishmen”)
:_______________________________.
Nantymilwr <nant-ə-MII-lur> [nant ə ˡmiˑlʊr]
1 See Nant y Milwr
:_______________________________.
Nant-y-moel <nant-ə-MOIL> [nant ə ˡmɔɪl]
1 (SS9392) locality (village) in the
county of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
Local name Nant-y-mo’l <nant-ə-MOOL> [nant ə ˡmoːl]
(1961); population: 3,259; proportion of Welsh-speakers: 19%
(1971) population: 2,685; proportion of Welsh-speakers: 10%
2 A local election ward for this
village; it is represented by one seat on the county borough council of
Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
3 The same name (without the linking
definite article) Nant-moel occurs as a farm name south of Mynydd y Glog,
north-east of Hirwaun (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Nearby are:
Nant-moel Uchaf (farm name) meaning
“Upper Nant-moel” (uchaf = “highest”, upper)
Cronlyn Nant-moel (name of a
reservoir) “(the) Reservoir (at) Nant-moel” (cronlyn =
reservoir)
ETYMOLOGY: Possibly “the valley of the
monk” (nant = valley) + (y =
definite article) + (moel = bald man; tonsured man; from the adjective moel = bald, tonsured)
Moel (f) is ‘bare hill’ but in this name it is a
masculine noun.
The corresponding word in Irish is the adjective maol (= bald),
which is also used as a noun (= devotee of a saint).
It occurs in some Irish and Scottish names and surnames (Maol Caluim,
“Malcolm”, devotee of saint Columba)
:_______________________________.
Nant y Pandy <nant
ə PAN-di> [nant ə ˡpandɪ]
1 SJ1542 stream on north side of the village
of Glyndyfrdwy flowing into the river Dyfrdwy
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SJ1542
2 name of a woodland area in the centre of the town of Llangefni (county
of Môn).
English name: The Dingle
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/963261
ETYMOLOGY: “the stream of the fulling mill”
(nant = valley / stream) + (y = definite article) + (pandy =
fulling mill)
NOTE: Non-settlement names are written with the elements separated. Cf Nantypandy below, where this same name is that of a
settlement.
:_______________________________.
Nantypandy <nant ə PAN-di> [nant ə ˡpandɪ]
1 SH6874 place on south-east side of
Llanfairfechan
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SH6874
ETYMOLOGY: See Nant y Pandy above
NOTE: Settlement names are written as a single word.
Cf. the non-settlement name Nant y Pandy above.
Misspelt however on the O.S. map as
‘Nant y pandy’.
:_______________________________.
Nant y Pysgod <nant
ə PƏ-skod> [nant ə ˡpəskɔd]
1 stream in
Patagonia
ETYMOLOGY: “the stream of the fish (i.e. fishes)”
(nant = stream) + (y = definite article) + (pysgod =
fish, plural of pysgodyn = a fish)
:_______________________________.
Nanw <NAA-nu> [ˡnɑˑnʊ] ‹NA
nu› (feminine noun)
1 diminutive of the name Ann
ETYMOLOGY: Nanw < yn
Anw < (f)yn Anw (= my Anw)
Anw = (Ann) + -w (diminutive suffix)
Cf Begw (‘little Peggie,
little Margaret’)
:_______________________________.
napcyn <NAP-kin> [ˡnapkɪn] masculine noun
PLURAL napcynau <nap-KƏ-nai, -ne> [napˡkənaɪ, napˡkənɛ]
1 napkin =
serviette
2 in the south-west, handkerchief (in the form macyn poced)
ETYMOLOGY:
Welsh napcyn is from English napkin (nap = cloth) + (kin = diminutive suffix).
English nap is from French nape (= tablecloth) < Latin mappa (= cloth, towel)
(a) Mappa is also the origin of the Welsh
word map (= map, i.e. representation on a
flat surface of a geographical area)
(Welsh < English map < French
< Latin mappa).
(b) Modern French nappe (=
tablecloth; sheet of ice, oil slick, etc.)
NOTE: in the south the plural form is napcynon ‹nap-kə-non›
:_______________________________.
nas <NAAS> [ˡnɑːs]
1 which + not + it
which I have not, which you have not, which he has not, which she has not, etc
which I did not, which you did not, which he did not, which she did not, etc
(depends on the tense of the verb)
llyfr
nas prynais a book
I didn’t buy (“a book) + (which-not-it) + (I bought”)
Nid
oedd dim nas gwnai
There was nothing he wouldn’t do
2 nas + passive form of the verb;
which is not, which are not, which was not, which were not, which has not, etc
(depends on the tense of the verb)
Tân a
osodwyd yn barod yn y parlwr ond nas cyneuir oni ddigwydd i rywun pwysig alw
A fire which was set ready in the parlour and which was not lit unless someone
important happened to call
nas
gwelwyd ‘which has
not been seen’, unseen
Gwen
John nas gwelwyd –
name of an exhibition September 1997, Caer-dydd = “the unseen Gwen John, the
Gwen John never before seen”)
nas
gwerthwyd unsold,
which has / have not been sold;
(Commerce) pethau nas gwerthwyd returns, unsold goods which have been returned
ETYMOLOGY: form of na (relative
pronoun = which + not) + (suffix -s representing a direct object equivalent to English him / her / it)
:_______________________________.
nash <NASH> [naʃ] masculine noun
1 in the English phrase of opprobium “Welsh nash” (Welsh nationalist)
07 04 2005 – a forum gives an example of its use in English “Speak English you Welsh nash bastard”.
A comment in Welsh on how one might react to this was (typing mistakes in the
quote corrected):
Croeso i unrhyw un f’alw i'n Welsh Nash. Dw i’n cofio
Plaid Cymru yn gwerthu mygiau te gyda 'Nashi' wedi sgwennu ar yr ochr.
Anyone’s welcome to call me a “Welsh Nash”. I remember Plaid Cymru selling tea
mugs with “Nashi” written on the side.
ETYMOLOGY: Nash is the first syllable of the English word nationalist <NA-shə-nə-list> [ˡnaʃənəlɪst]
From “Welsh Nash” as a term of opprobium or derision used in English by the
pro-English in Wales (whether Welsh, English-Welsh or incomers from England or
other countries).
See nashi below
:_______________________________.
nashi <NA-shi> [ˡnaʃɪ] masculine noun
PLURAL nashis <NA-shis> [ˡnaʃɪs]
1 A term of
contempt in English for Welsh nationalists used by certain Welsh-speaking Welsh
people whose allegiance is to England, or certain English people. Also used
ironically in Welsh by supporters of Welsh independence to refer to themselves.
Rywsut, fedra i ddim dychmygu Tori rhonc fel yntau
(nac unrhyw Lafurwr Prydeinig arall) yn penodi mab i nashi i swydd mor bwysig
Somehow I can’t
imagine a fervent Tory like himself (or any British Labour politician) appointing
the son of a Nashi to such an important job
Nid rhyw fath o “nashi” yw e, er ei fod yn un o’r Llafurwyr prin sydd yn
gefnogol i’r iaith Gymraeg
He’s not some sort of ‘Nashi’, even though he’s one of the few Labour
politicians who support the Welsh language
Mae'n debyg mod i wedi bod yn dipyn o Nashi ers blynyddoedd
It would seem
that I’ve been a bit of a Nashi for a number of years
ETYMOLOGY: (English nash = first
syllable of ‘nationalist’) + (-i
diminutive suffix)
From “Welsh Nash” as a term of opprobium or derision used in English by the
pro-English in Wales (whether Welsh, English-Welsh or incomers from England or
other countries).
:_______________________________.
na’th ‹NAATH› [nɑːθ] verb
NOTE: (also spelt nath / nâth)
1 southern form of
gwnaeth / wnaeth (=
he / she / it did; he / she / it made; third person singular of the preterite gwneud = to do).
na’th [nɑːθ] < wna’th < wnaeth <
a
wnaeth who did, who
made; which did, which made.
This is (a relative pronoun = who, which, that) + soft
mutation + (gwnaeth = he / she / it did; third person
singular of the preterite gwneud = to
do)
Pa beth
a wnaeth ef? > Be’ na’th e? What did he do? ((“it is”) what thing that he
did?”)
:_______________________________.
nä’th ‹NÄÄTH› [næːθ] verb
Usually spelt nêth / næth
1
south-eastern form of gwnaeth
/ wnaeth (= he / she / it
did; he / she / it made
See gwna’th
:_______________________________.
natred <NA-tred> [ˡnatrɛd]
1 a regional form
of nadroedd (= snakes).
See neidr
craf y
natred (Allium scorodoprasum) (plant name) Sand leek (“garlic of the
snakes”)
:_______________________________.
natur <NA-tir> [ˡnatɪr] (feminine noun)
1 nature = whole system of existence beyond the control of man
gadael
i natur ddilyn ei chwrs let nature take its / her course (“leave to nature following its
course”)
byd
natur the natural
world (“world (of) nature”)
:_______________________________.
naturiol <na-TIR-yol> [naˡtɪrjɔl] (adj)
1 natural
Y peth mwyaf naturiol ar y ddaear iddi oedd ceisio helpu mewn argyfwng
It was the most natural thing in the world for her to try and help in a crisis
:_______________________________.
nau <NAI> [naɪ] numeral
1 nasal mutation of
dau = two
fy nau
fab = my two sons
:_______________________________.
naw <NAU> [naʊ] (masculine noun)
1 nine
2 bod naw
byw cath yn (rhywun)
be like a cat and have nine lives, have the nine lives of a cat (“be nine lives
(of a) cat in someone”)
Roedd
naw byw cath yn y bachan hwnnw - dianc â chroen cyfan o bob batl wnaeth e
He had the nine lives of a cat - he escaped without a scratch from every battle
:_______________________________.
nawdd-dy ‹NAUDH-di› [ˡnaʊðˡdɪ] masculine noun
PLURAL nawdd-dai ‹NAUDH-dai› [ˡnaʊðˡdaɪ]
1 shelter, refuge, hostel, home
(Columbus Ohio) y talaethdy mawr, lle y cyferfydd deddfwrfa Ohio, y
carchardy talaethol, y nawdd-dai rhagorol i fyddariaid, mudion,
deillion, a gwallgofiaid
(Dros Gyfanfor a Chyfandir: Sef Hanes Taith o Gymru at Lanau y Môr Tawelog ac
yn ôl, Trwy brif Daleithau a Thiriogaethau yr Undeb Americanaidd.William Davies
Evans,1883)
The large state house, where the Ohio legislature meets, the state prison, the
splendid home for the deaf, dumb and blind, and lunatics…
:_______________________________.
nawddsant, nawddseintiau <NAUDH-sant,
naudh-SEINT-yai, -ye> [ˡnaʊðsant, naʊðˡsəɪntjaɪ, -jɛ] (masculine noun)
1 patron saint
Mae San Siôr yn nawddsant sawl gwlad Saint
George is the patron saint of many countries
Dwynwen yw nawddsant cariadon Cymru Dwynwen is the patron saint of Welsh lovers
Bydd cinio arbennig yn y neuadd yr wythnos nesaf i
ddathlu dydd ein nawddsant There will be a specail dinner in the hall next week to celebrate the
day of our patron saint
:_______________________________.
nawfed <NAU-ved> [ˡnaʊvɛd] (adjective)
1 ninth
2 y
nawfed ton the ninth wave, supposed traditionally to be bigger
and stronger than the preceding or following eight
Yn ôl
chwedloniaeth y Gwyddel mae’r nawfed ton yn ffin rhwng y byd hwn a’r Arallfyd
According to Irish
mythology the ninth wave is the boundary between this world and the Otherworld
3 y nawfed ach the ninth degree of kinship, the ninth remove,
the ninth degree of consanguinity, nine generations back from the present one
Dw i ddim yn perthyn iddo hyd yn oed yn y nawfed ach - I'm not even remotely related to
him (“I’m not related to him even in the ninth degree”)
Dyw e ddim yn perthyn iddi o’r nawfed ach I'm not remotely related to her
(“he’s not related to her from the ninth degree”)
olrhain ei dras hyd y nawfed ach to trace
his family to nine generations back
:_______________________________.
nawn <NAUN> [ˡnaʊn] masculine noun
PLURAL <NOO-nai, -ne> [ˡnoˑnaɪ, -ɛ]
1 obsolete nones = ninth hour of the day,
around 15.00
2 obsolete nones = a daily
religious service held originally at the ninth hour (15.00), later changed to
midday (12.00, the sixth hour)
3 midday, noon
nawn y
dydd hwnnw
(adverbial phrase) on the noon of that day, at noon on that day
4 prydnawn (prynháwn, pnawn) afternoon 12.00 - 18.00
“time of the nones” (pryd = time,
period) + (nawn = the nones)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British < Latin nôna hôra = the ninth hour (in a monastery), the nones, three in the afternoon -
originally the ninth hour after sunrise
:_______________________________.
naw naw naw <nau-nau-NAU> [naʊ naʊ ˡnaʊ]
1 nine-nine-nine -
the telephone number for calling free of charge the emergency services in the
countries of Britain – police, ambulance, fire department, coastguard
Ffonia
naw naw naw! Dial
nine-nine-nine!
:_______________________________.
nawnddydd <NAUN-dhidh> [ˡnaʊnðɪð] masculine noun
1 literary afternoon;
evening
2 literary nawnddydd einioes one's final years, evening of one's life,
evening of one's years (“evening (of) life”)
Nis
gellid dymuno lle tawelach i dreulio nawnddydd einioes na'r Slendai (=
elusendai)
A quieter place than the Almshouses to spend the evening of one's years could
not be wished for
ETYMOLOGY: (nawn = midday, afternoon, three in the
afternoon) + soft mutation + (dydd = day)
:_______________________________.
nawnlin <NAUN-lin> [ˡnaʊnlɪn] feminine noun
PLURAL nawnliniau <naun-LIN-yai, -ye> [ˡnaʊnlɪnjaɪ, -ɛ]
1 meridian
ETYMOLOGY: “noon line” (nawn = noon,
midday) + soft mutation + (llin = line)
:_______________________________.
nawr <NAUR> [naʊr] (adverb)
1 now
2 Nawr
neu ddim! Now or
never!
:_______________________________.
naws <NAUS> [naʊs] (feminine or masculine noun)
1 nature, disposition, temperament
2 â naws
drist iddo tinged
with sadness (“with a sad nature / touch to it”)
:_______________________________.
nawsaerydd PLURAL nawsaeryddion <naus-EI-ridh, naus-ei-RƏDH-yon> [naʊsˡəɪrɪð, naʊsəɪˡrəðjɔn] (masculine noun)
1 air conditioner
:_______________________________.
-nd-
British nd
> Welsh nn (medial position) (that is , a double
letter)
British nd
> Welsh nn > n (final position) (that is , a single
letter)
land- > llann > llan (originally = land, ground; later = enclosure;
ecclesiastical ground, church); plural llannau
lond- > llonn > llon (= cheerful); llonni (= cheer up)
:_______________________________.
ndach <ƏN-dakh> [ˡəndax] (verb) (North-west)
1 (in answering a question) yes, you are
:_______________________________.
ndan <ƏN-dan> [ˡəndan] (verb) (North-west)
1 (in answering a question) yes, we are
:_______________________________.
ndech <ƏN-dekh> [ˡəndɛx] (verb) (North-east)
1 (in answering a question) yes, you are
:_______________________________.
nden <ƏN-den> [ˡəndɛn] (verb) (North-east)
1 (in answering a question) yes, we are
:_______________________________.
ndw <ƏN-du> [ˡəndʊ] (verb) (North Wales)
1 (in answering a question) yes, I am
:_______________________________.
ndi <ƏN-di> [ˡəndɪ] (verb) (North Wales)
1 (in answering a question) yes, he is; yes, she is; yes, it is
The 3rd [person] singular ydiw was so written up to the 16th
century; and rhymes with words in -iw, as friw, ýdiw D. G.
(= Dafydd ap Gwilym (North Cardiganshire), floruit 1350-80, reference
[is] to Barddoniaeth Dafydd ap Gwilym… Llundain, 1789) 35 cf. 119, 144,
193, etc. and G. (= Gwalchmai, Anglesey. Floruit 1150-90) 186, 193, 203, 206,
235, 247, also with yw (= iw); see paragraph 77 v.
The Late Modern ydyw is an
etymological spelling, and is read ýdiw, except by a few affected
persons. The Noerth Wales dialect form is ýdi (and, in answering
questions only, ndi, a curious attempt to sound y with the tongue
in the d position). South Wales dialect, in questions and answers, ódi.
(delwedd 7261)
:_______________________________.
ndyn <ƏN-din> [ˡəndɪn] (verb) (North Wales)
1 (in answering a question) yes, they are
:_______________________________.
neb <NEEB> [neːb] ‹NEEB› (pronoun)
1 nobody
2 fawr
neb hardly anyone
Ddaeth
fawr neb hardly anybody
came
Fu yno
fawr neb ddoe there
was hardly anybody there yesterday
3 Ni ddaw
i neb ddoe yn ôl
You can’t undo the past, what’s done is done (“yesterday won’t come back to
anybody”)
4 anybody,
any person
Nid
di-fai neb a aned No-one's
perfect (“(it is) not without fault anyone who was born”)
5 y neb
sydd... whoever
is...
Y neb sy’n byw mewn tŷ gwydr gocheled luchio cerrig
People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones
(“the person who lives in a glass house let-him-take-care-not-to throw stones”)
6 neb
ohonynt (person)
none of them
Ni
siaradodd neb ohonynt
None of them spoke
7
neb na
dim anybody or
anything, nobody or nothing
Dydi
o’n malio am neb na ddim He doesn’t care for anybody or anything
8 neb amgen na none other than
neb llai na none other than
9 as the first element in some old
compounds: nemor (neb + mawr) (= hardly any), nepell (neb + pell) (= not far),
:_______________________________.
Nebuchodonosor <ne-bu-kho-do-NO-sor> [nɛbʊxɔdɔnɔˡsɔr] 1 Nebuchadnezzar [nɛ-bjʊ-kəd-ˡnɛ-zə] = 605-562 BC, a king of Babylon. He conquered Jerusalem and destroyed
the city, and forced the Jews into exile in Babylon
Nebuchodonosor
brenin Babilon
Nebuchadnezzar
Brenhinoedd-2 25:1 Ac yn y nawfed flwyddyn o'i deyrnasiad ef, yn y degfed mis, ar y degfed
dydd o'r mis, y daeth Nebuchodonosor brenin Babilon, efe a'i holl lu, yn erbyn
Jerwsalem, ac a wersyllodd yn ei herbyn hi, a hwy a adeilasant yn ei herbyn hi
wrthglawdd o'i hamgylch hi. (25:2) A bu y
ddinas yng ngwarchae hyd yr unfed flwyddyn ar ddeg i'r brenin Sedeceia
Kings-2 25:1 And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth
month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came,
he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it: and they built
forts against it round about. (25:2) And the city was besieged unto the
eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
Daniel 1:1 Yn y drydedd flwyddyn o deyrnasiad Jehoiacim brenin
Jwda, y daeth Nebuchodonosor brenin Babilon i Jerwsalem, ac a warchaeodd arni.
Daniel 1:1 In the third year of the reign
of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem,
and besieged it.
:_______________________________.
nebwr <NEE-bur> [ˡneˑbʊr] (m)
PLURAL nebwyr <NEB-wir> [[ˡnɛbwɪr]
1 (south-east
Wales) good-for-nothing, ne’er-do-well
ETYMOLOGY: (neb = nobody) + soft mutation + (gŵr =
man)
:_______________________________.
nechrau <NEKH-re> [ˡnɛxˡraɪ, -ɛ]
1 form with nasal
mutation of dechrau = (noun) beginning
yn
nechrau’r ail ganrif ar bymtheg
at the beginning of the seventeeth century
:_______________________________.
nedd <NEEDH> [neːð]
1 nits. See nedden
:_______________________________.
Nedd <NEEDH> [neːð] feminine noun
1 SN9111 Afon Nedd = river in the county of Castell-nedd ac Aberafan
The same river name is found in former British territories in England and
Scotland, and in Cornwall:
(delwedd 7474)
.....(1) (SE5157) “Nidd” = river in the county of North Yorkshire, England (and
Nidderdale, a name of Scandinavian origin incorporating the river name “Nidd” =
“valley of the river Nidd”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199824
SE4846 River Nidd
.....(2) (NY0057) “Nith” = river in Scotland (Strathclyde, Dumfries and
Galloway)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/533026
NX8795 River Nith at Thornhill
.....(3) Nedh (English: River Neet) a river in Cornwall, near the border with
England.
Also in the name of a village on this river: Cornish name: Stras-nedh SS2206
(English name:
Stratton) “ystrad Nedd”
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/428414
SS2103 River Neet at Helebridge
(delwedd 4707)
2 Nedd Fechan (“little Nedd”) stream which flows into the
Nedd river
Pontneddfechan (“bridge over the Nedd Fechan”)
village in Powys SN9107
3 Glyn
Nedd the valley of
the river Nedd
Glyn-nedd name of a village in this valley
4 a division (cwmwd) of
the medieval territory called Gwrinydd
Castell-nedd (“castle in the territory of Nedd”)
town by the river Nedd.
The English name is Neath
Cf. other English names where a district name is used for the main settlement
a) “Brecon” for the town of Aberhonddu, the main town in the territory of
Brycheiniog
b) “Builth”, which in Victorian times was renamed “Builth Wells”, for Llanfair
ym Muallt, the main town in the territory of Buellt.
c) “Chirk” for Y Waun, from district
name (Glyn)Ceiriog
Fan
Nedd name of
mountain summit (“the summit in the territory of Nedd”)
Mynachlog
Nedd name of an
abbey in the town of Castell-nedd (“the monastery in the territory of Nedd”)
Mynachlog-nedd village by the abbey, now part of
the town of Castell-nedd (settlement names are spelt as a single word)
Also the spurious name Abaty-nedd,
wrongly for Mynachlog-nedd
which is known as
“Neath Abbey” in English. “Abaty-nedd” is a direct translation of the English
name.
ETYMOLOGY: ??
:_______________________________.
nedda <NEE-dha> [ˡneˑða] feminine noun
1 (North-west) Form of neddau (=
adze)
:_______________________________.
neddai <NEE-dhai, -dhe> [ˡneˑðaɪ, -ɛ] feminine noun
1 See neddau =
adze
:_______________________________.
neddau <NEE-dhai, -dhe> [ˡneˑðaɪ, -ɛ] feminine noun
PLURAL neddyfau <ne-DHƏ-vai, -ve> [nɛˡðəvaɪ, -ɛ]
1 (American: adz)
(Englandic: adze) kind of axe for dressing timber
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British
From the same British root: Breton neze
NOTE: There is a variant form neddyf,
nowadays a literary word.
From neddyf comes nife the word used in the county of
Penfro - showing metathesis – the probable path is
(a) neddyf > nefydd (DD-F) > (F-DD)
(b) nifedd (E- I) > (I-E)
(c) nife (loss of final dd).
North-west Wales: nedda <
neddau (in this region au in a final syllable becomes a)
North-east Wales: nedde <
neddau (in this region au in a final syllable becomes e)
As for the endings -au, -yf (neddau,
neddyf) compare the
two forms for ‘sword’ – cleddau, cleddyf.
This word neddau (= adze) is related to a similar
word in Welsh: naddu (= to carve)
:_______________________________.
nedde <NEE-dhe> [ˡneˑðɛ] feminine noun
1 (North-east) Form of neddau =
adze
:_______________________________.
nedden <NEE-dhen > [ˡneˑðɛn] feminine noun
PLURAL nedd ‹needh› <NEEDH> [neːð]
1 nit = egg of a
head louse
2 nit = young hatched head louse
Head louse is lleuen, llai.
In English, at least, to avoid ambiguity in the meaning of nit, some
specialists recommend that “nit” be restricted to the the hatched and empty egg
shell; the developing embryonated egg as an should be referred to as such,
“egg”; and the hatched insect as a (head) louse. (See wikipedia, Head louse.)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British
< Celtic *snidâ
Irish has sniodh
From the same British root: Breton nezenn, nez (= nit),
:_______________________________.
neddog <NE-dhog> [ˡneˑðɔg] feminine noun
1 full of nits, nit-infested
ETYMOLOGY: (nedd = nits) + (-og suffix
for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
neddyf <NE-dhiv> [ˡneˑðɪv] feminine noun
1 See neddau =
adze
:_______________________________.
neddyfau <ne-DHƏ-vai, -ve> [nɛˡðəvaɪ, -ɛ] feminine noun
1 Plural form of neddau =
adze
:_______________________________.
nef, nefoedd <NEEV,
NEE-voidh, -vodh> [neːv, ˡneˑvɔɪð, ˡneˑvɔð] (feminine noun)
1 heaven
:_______________________________.
nefoedd <NEE-voidh, -vodh> [ˡneˑvɔɪð, ˡneˑvɔð] (feminine noun)
1 (a plural form, from “nef”, but regarded as singular) heaven
:_______________________________.
nefol <NEE-vol> [ˡneˑvɔl] adjective
1 heavenly
2 y llu
nefol the Heavenly
Host = the angels, a group of angels
3 y wledd nefol heavenly bliss (“the heavenly feast”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nef = heaven) + (-ol suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
neges, negesau <NEE-ges, ne-GE-sai, -se> [neˑgɛs, nɛˡgɛsaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine noun)
1 message
gwas
negesau = errand
boy, messenger
2 object of an errand or trip to
a shop; shopping
hel eich neges o siop y pentref buy things in the village shop (“gather your shopping”)
3
dod at
eich neges come to
the point (“come to your message”)
Der at
dy neges! Come to
the point!
:_______________________________.
nei <NEI> [nəɪ] (verb)
1 a colloquial form of wnei, soft mutated form of gwnei (= you
will do)
Beth a wnei di yfory? > Be’ nei di ’fory? What will you do tomorrow?
:_______________________________.
neidio <NEID-yo> [ˡnəɪdjɔ] (verb)
1 to jump
2 (North Wales) neidio’r ciw push
in (in a queue), jump a queue, jump the queue
(in the South
tsheto'r gwt)
(“cheat the queue”)
3 neidio
ar eich traed jump
to your feet
4
neidio
ar y cyfle jump at
the chance = seize the opportunity enthusiastically
neidio
ar y cyfle i (wneud rhywbeth) jump at the chance (to do something)
5 Wedi
neidio rhy hwyr peidio Look before you leap (“after jumping too late
not (to jump)”)
6 neidio i'r adwy come to the rescue (“jump into the breech”)
ETYMOLOGY: (neid-i- stem of neidio = to jump) + (-o suffix
for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
neidiol <NEID-yol> [ˡnəɪdjɔl] adjective
1 jumping, leaping
ysgyfarnog neidiol jumping hare or spring hare; a large South African and East African leaping rodent.
Full name: Cape jumping hare. Not a true hare. The Afrikaans name is springhaas. Scientific name: Pedetes cater.
ETYMOLOGY: (neid-i- stem of neidio = to jump) + (-ol suffix
for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
neidr (“neidir”) <NEI-dir> [ˡnəɪdɪr]
PLURAL nadroedd, nadredd <NA-droidh,
-drodh, -dredh> [ˡnadrɔɪð, ˡnadrɔð,
ˡnadrɛð]
1 snake, serpent
2 snake = doublecrosser
Dw i am
ladd y neidr yna I’m
going to kill / I want to kill (“I am for killing”) that doublecrosser
3 spiteful woman
’En
nidir o’dd i wraig a, yn allws i gwenwn ar bawb
(Geiriadur y Brifysgol, tudalen 2565, here with altered spelling)
Standard Welsh: Hen
neidr oedd ei wraig ef, yn arllwys ei gwenwyn ar bawb
His wife was a spiteful old thing, always talking badly of everybody / running
down everybody
(“(it is) (an) old snake that-was his wife of-him, pouring her poison on
everybody”)
4 (insult) yr hen neidr i chi you basttard (“the old snake to you”, you’re an old snake)
5 swynwr
nadroedd snake
charmer (“charmer / enchanter (of) snakes”)
6 yn fyw
o nadroedd snake
infested (“alive of / with snakes”)
7 croen
neidr PLURAL crwyn nadroedd snakeskin
esgid
groen neidr (f), esgidiau croen neidr snakeskin shoe
bàg
croen neidr (m), bagiau croen neidr snakeskin bag
8 neidr
gudd snake in the
grass, treacherous person (“hidden snake / serpent”)
9 servant = animal in the service of another animal, in certain
animal names
gwas y
neidr (“(the)
servant (of) the snake”) dragonfly
10 gêm
neidr game of
snakes and ladders (“(the) game (of) snakes”)
11
bod
wrthi fel petai'n lladd nadroedd, be going at it all out, be sweating one’s guts out (from great
effort), be at it hammer and tongs (“be at it as if he were killing snakes”)
Also:
bod
wrthi fel lladd nadroedd (“be at it like killing snakes”)
mynd ati fel lladd nadroedd set to it with a vengeance (“go to it like killing snakes”)
12 (South Wales) coc y neidr
(plant name) (Arum maculatum) lords and ladies, cuckoo pint. Literally “snake’s
penis”, “(the) penis (of) the snake”)
13 craf y
nadroedd (Allium scorodoprasum) Sand leek (“garlic
of the snakes”)
craf y
natred (Allium scorodoprasum) Sand leek (“garlic
of the snakes”)
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British < Celtic < Indoeuropean
*nêtr
In the two other British-Celtic languages: Cornish nadr (= snake), Breton naer (=
snake) < nazer
In Hibernian-Celtic: Irish nathair (=
snake)
Cf. English adder. This comes from the wrong division
of the word after the indefinite article: an adder < a nadder.
The English word can be seen to be cognate with the Welsh word, having had
originally the initial ‘n’ of the Indo-European source word.
NOTE: North-west: neidar <NEI-dar> [ˡnəɪdar] < neider
South-east: nidir <NII-dir> [ˡniˑdɪr]
:_______________________________.
neilltu <NEILH-ti> [ˡnəɪɬtɪ]
1 one side
gosod ychydig o’r
neilltu ar gyfer tymor glawog save a little
for a rainy day (“put a bit aside for a rainy season”)
:_______________________________.
neilltuol <neilh-TII-ol> [ˡnəɪɬˡtiˑɔl]
1 special
enghraifft
neilltuol an isolated example
2 ad hoc
pwyllgor neilltuol an ad hoc committee
3 specific
gwybodaeth neilltuol specific knowledge
ddydd Gwener neilltuol ym Mai 1887 on one specific Friday in May
1887
4 yn neilltuol especially, in particular
dau fechgyn o’r pentref, yn neilltuol mab Siân Williams Tyn-y-waun
two
boys from the village, especially the son of Siân Williams of Tyn-y-waun
:_______________________________.
neilltuolrwydd <neilh-ti-OL-ruidh> [nəɪɬtɪˡɔlrʊɪð]
1 peculiarity
ETYMOLOGY: (neilltuol = particular) + (-rwydd suffix for forming abstract nouns)
:_______________________________.
neina <NEI-na› [ˡnəɪna] (feminine noun)
1 (North Wales) Diminutive form of nain (= grandmother); grandma, gran,
grannie
ETYMOLOGY: (nein-, penult form of nain = grandmother) + (-a diminutive suffix)
:_______________________________.
neiniau <NEIN-yai, -ye> [ˡnəɪnjaɪ, -ɛ] plural
1 grandmother;
plural of nain = grandmother
:_______________________________.
neintio <NEIN-tyo> [ˡnəɪntjɔ] verb
1 (district of
Meirionnydd, in the county of Gwynedd) – neintio is a form (with the loss of the first syllable) of eneintio, a variant of eneinio (=
to anoint)
:_______________________________.
Neirin <NEI-rin> [ˡnəɪrɪn] masculine noun
1 a form of the
name Aneirin,
with the loss of
the first syllable
:_______________________________.
neis <NEIS> [nəɪs] adjective
1 nice = (person)
kind, sympathetic
Roedd
hynny’n neis iawn ynddi It was very nice of her
Dyw e
ddim mor neis â hynna
He’s not as nice as that
Ma’ nhw
wedi bod yn neis iawn wrtho i. O, odyn
They’ve been really nice to me. They really have
2 nice = pleasant
Mae’n
neis gweld y plant yn mwynháu fel hyn
It’s nice to see the kids enjoying themselves like this
3 nice = attractive
bocs
wedi ei lapio mewn papur neis
a box wrapped in nice paper
4 nice, pleasant = tasty
Mae’r
sieri’n rhoi blas neis i’r uwd, wyddoch
The sherry gives the porridge a nice taste, see
5 South-east Wales fussy,
finnicky (about food)
6 Neis
cwrdd â chi = Nice
to meet you
7 neis
neis overnice,
genteel = trying to be pleasing to everybody, inoffensive
Nid
theatr yw’r dramâu neis neis yma
These overnice plays are not theatre, are not what theatre is all about
ETYMOLOGY: English nice (=
pleasant) (originally = fine, precise) < French nice (= stupid) < Latin nescius (= ignorant)
:_______________________________.
neisied, neisedi <NEI-shed,
nei-SHEE-di> [ˡnəɪʃɛd, nəɪˡʃeˑdɪ] (feminine noun)
1 handkerchief
neisied boc pocket handkerchief
South-east: n’ishad [ˡnɪʃad]
:_______________________________.
neithiwr <NEITH-yur> [ˡnəɪθjʊr] (adverb)
1 last night
:_______________________________.
Nel <NEL> [nɛl] (feminine noun)
1 woman's name - diminutive of Elen
:_______________________________.
nelo <NEE-lo> [ˡneˑlɔ]
1 nelo < a wnelo (=
which might do)
This is (a = which) + soft mutation + (gwnelo = might do, third person present subjunctive form of gwneud = make, do)
Does
nelo hynny dim byd â... that’s got nothing to do with (“there isn’t / which might do / that /
nothing / (in the) world / with
Beth
sydd a nelo moron â gweld yn y tywyllwch? What is the connection between carrots and
seeing in the dark?
:_______________________________.
nelof <NEE-lov> [ˡneˑlɔv]
1 nelof < a wnelwyf (=
which I might do)
This is (a = which) + soft mutation + (gwnelwyf = I might do, first person present subjunctive form of gwneud = make, do)
Does
nelof fi ddim â’r peth > Does
nelo i ddim â’r peth
I’ve got nothing to do with the thing (“there isn’t / which might do / I /
anything / with the / thing”)
:_______________________________.
Nelw <NEE-lu> [ˡneˑlʊ] (feminine noun)
1 woman's name - diminutive of Elen
:_______________________________.
nemor
<NE-mor> [ˡnɛmɔr]
1 not much, not many; hardly any
2 nemor ddim <NE-mor
DHIM> [ˡnɛmɔr ˡðɪm] hardly anything, hardly anything at all, not much at all, next to
nothing
Nid oes ganddo
nemor ddim dylanwad He has hardly any influence
Nid oes ganddo
nemor ddim diddordeb mewn gwleidyddiaeth
He had hardly any interest in politics
Aeth y misoedd heibio heb nemor ddim i dorri ar yr
undonedd
The months went by with hardly anything to break the monotony
Gwyddwn i
nemor ddum am y clefyd cyn hynny
I knew next to nothing about the disease before that
Ni wyddys
nemor ddim am ei dad
Little is known of his father
3
with the preposition o (= of)
Cyn pen nemawr o wythnosau before many weeks had passed
(“(before (the) end (of) not-many (of) weeks”)
4 nemor byth hardly ever
Colled fawr i bob eglwys yw marwolaeth ei ffyddloniaid...
Chwith iawn fydd gweled lle'r ddau yn wâg yn y capel mwy. Eisteddent ochr yn
ochr o dan y pulpud yn y sêt fawr yn wynebu'r dorf... Nemor byth y cafwyd eu lle yn wâg...
The death of members is a great loss to every chapel... It'll be very sad to
see the places of these two members empty from now on. They used to sit side by
side below the pulpit facing the congregation... Their place was hardly ever
empty (they were hardly ever absent)
Cofiant a Gweithiau y Parchedig David Silyn Evans, Gweinidog Eglwys Siloa,
Aberdar. Ap Hefin (Henry Lloyd) / Aber-dâr / 1937 t158
5 ni + nemor gwell not
much better
Mynodd y gweinidog gael pob gohebiaeth yn Saeseng, er
nad oedd yr un o aelodau’r capel yn deall Saesneg, a chafodd wedyn nad oedd y
Parchedig ei hun nemawr gwell
The minister insisted on having all correspondence in English, although
none of the members of the chapel understood English, and later it transpired
that the minister himself was not much better
6 ni + nemor
un
hardly any one, hardly a single one
(South-east: nymor un / 'ymor un; north-west nemawr un)
Toes na nemawr un rwan i chi There’s hardly a
single one for you now
With the
preposition o (= of):
Nid oes nemor un o’r llyfrau hyn yn sön am famiaith y
gwyddonydd
Hardly any of these
books mention the scientist’s mother language
6 ni + nemor neb hardly
anybody
Ni fu nemor neb yn gwrthod arwyddo’r ddeiseb
hardly anybody
refused to sign the petition
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh nemor < nemawr < nemmawr < britànic
Equivalent to nebmawr (neb +
mawr) (neb = not (anybody), not
(anything)) + (mawr = great, big)
From the same British root: Cornish nemeur, Breton nemeur (=
not much, mot many)
Irish has a similar item: nach mór (= almost)
NOTE: North-west nemawr, south-east nymor
:_______________________________.
nenfwd, nenfydau <NEN-vud, nen-VƏ-dai, -de> [ˡnɛnvʊd, nɛnˡvədaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine noun)
1 ceiling
:_______________________________.
neno <NEE-no> [ˡneˑnɔ]
1 In oaths,
colloquial form of yn enw in (the) name (of)
neno’r iechyd in the name of salvation! in the name of
redemption!
(iechyd = health; (Christianity) salvation,
redemption)
:_______________________________.
nentydd <NEN-tidh> [ˡnɛntɪð] (plural noun)
1 streams; see nant
:_______________________________.
nêr <NEER> [neːr] (plural noun)
1 lord, chief
2 Nerɥs <NEE-ris> [ˡneˑrɪs]
Female name “lady,
female ruler”
(a modern coining) nêr (= lord, chief) + (-ys – suffix use in creating female names)
ETYMOLOGY:
Indo-European root: 
Cf The Welsh
word nerth (= strength), and Irish neart (= strength) < Celtic nert-o-
Cf Greek anir (=
man), Alexandros “protector of man” i.e. protector of men
(alex = protector, defender < alexein
= to ward off,
protect, to defend) + andros (anir = man, andros = of man).
Cf Sanskrit nar- (= man)
Cf Latin neriôsus (= firm), and the personal name Nerô
:_______________________________.
ner-
1 first syllable in apheretic forms with an original hanner (= half)
The pretonic first syllable is
frequently dropped in spoken Welsh, hence haner- > ’ner-
..1/ nerco < hanerco’ < hanercof (halfwit, fool)
(“half [a] mind”) (haner- <
hanner = half) + (cof = mind)
..2/ nereg < hanereg (half acre)
(haner- < hanner = half) + (-eg suffix)
..3/ nerob < hanerob (flitch of bacon, side of bacon salted to preserve it)
(“half [a] pig”) (haner- <
hanner = half) + (hob = pig)
..4/ herpan
/ nherpan / nerpan < hanérpan <
hanner
pan
(expression referring to the
preparation of cloth: half fulled, not sufficiently prepared)
(“half fulled”) (pan =
fulled; it is the stem of pannu = to
full)
:_______________________________.
nerco <NER-ko> [ˡnɛrkɔ]
1 (noun) halfwit,
(adjective) halfwitted. See hanercof
:_______________________________.
nereg <NEE-reg> [ˡneˑrɛg] feminine noun
1 half acre. See hanereg
:_______________________________.
nerf, nerfau <NERV,
NER-vai, -ve> [nɛrv, ˡnɛrvaɪ, -vɛ] (masculine noun)
1 nerve
:_______________________________.
nerfol <NER-vol> [ˡnɛrvɔl] adjective
1 nervous (=
relating to the nervous system)
y
sustem nerfol the
nervous system
y
gyfundrefn nerfol the
nervous system
chwalfa
nerfol nervous
breakdown
ETYMOLOGY: (nerf = nerve) + (-ol)
:_______________________________.
nerob <NEE-rob> [ˡneˑrɔb] feminine noun
1 flitch of bacon
(side of bacon salted to preserve it) See hanerob
:_______________________________.
nerog <NEE-rog> [ˡneˑrɔg] masculine noun
1 (county of Ynys
Môn) variant of nerob (= side of bacon) See hanerob
:_______________________________.
Nerpwl <NER-pul> [ˡnɛrpʊl] feminine noun
North Wales
1 variant form of Lerpwl <LER-pul> [ˡlɛrpʊl] = Liverpool
ETYMOLOGY: yn
Lerpwl (= in
Liverpool) > yn
Nerpwl (= in
Liverpool) (the change l > n has been conditioned by the final n of the preposition yn) > Nerpwl (= Liverpool).
The original form Lerpwl in
fact preserves an older English pronunciation of the name of this city
:_______________________________.
nerth, nerthoedd <NERTH,
NER-thoidh, -thodh> [ˡnɛrθ, ˡnɛrθɔɪð,
-θɔð] (masculine noun)
1 strength
2 mewn
undeb y mae nerth /
mewn
undeb mae nerth
there is unity in strength
bloeddio
â'ch holl nerth
shout with all your might
:_______________________________.
nerth eich braich <nerth əkh BRAIKH> [nɛrθ əx ˡbraɪx] (adverb)
1 with all one's might (“with the strength of your arm”)
:_______________________________.
nerthu <NER-thi> [ˡnɛrθɪ] (verb)
1 strengthen
2 empower
nerthu
rhywun i wneud rhywbeth give somebody the strength to do something
:_______________________________.
Nerɥs <NEE-ris> [ˡneˑrɪs]
1 female name “lady; female ruler”
ETYMOLOGY: nêr (= lord,
chief) + (-ys, suffix for forming names)
See the entry -ys
:_______________________________.
1 nes <NES> [nɛs] (conjunction)
1 until
:_______________________________.
2 nes <NEES> [neːs]
(adverb)
1 nearer
:_______________________________.
nes ymláen <nes-əm-LAIN> [nɛs əmˡlaɪn] (adverb)
1 further on, further ahead
:_______________________________.
nesaf / nesa’ <NE-sav,
NE-sa> [ˡnɛsav, ˡnɛsa] (adjective)
1 next
:_______________________________.
nesáu / nesu <ne-SAI,
NE-si> [nɛˡsaɪ, ˡnɛsɪ] (verb)
1 to get near, to approach
:_______________________________.
Nĕst <NEST> [nɛst] (feminine noun)
1 woman’s name. Pronounced Nêst (with a long vowel) in the
north <NEEST> [neːst]
:_______________________________.
Nesta <NE-sta> [ˡnɛsta] (feminine noun)
1 woman’s name
ETYMOLOGY: Nest with the addition of –a, used generally to form female names
from male names (Ifan, Ifana), as in English (Robert, Roberta; Albert, Alberta)
or Latin (Claudius, Claudia)
:_______________________________.
nêt <NEET> [neːt] adj
1 fine, splendid
(South-east) Bachan nêt yw e He’s one of the best
(“he is a neat man”)
bad bach nêt a fine little boat
2 yn nêt well,exactly, nicely
Rwyt ti'n gwybod yn nêt beth w-i'n 'feddwl You know
exactly what I mean
ETYMOLOGY: English neat, now
pronounced as ‹niit› [niːt], but formerly as ‹neet› [neːt] – this older pronunciation is preserved in
Welsh. The word was taken into English 1500-1600 from Old French net < Latin nitidus (= clean,
brilliant, shining) < nitêre (= to
shine).
A related word in Celtic has given Welsh nwyf (= vivacity,
zest, vigour; desire, feeling, passion) and Irish niamh (=
beauty, brightness)
:_______________________________.
neu <NEI> [nɛɪ] (conjunction)
1 or
It causes the soft mutation of a following noun or adjective
Reduced colloquially to ne’ <NE> [nɛ]
:_______________________________.
neuadd, neuaddau <NEI-adh, nei-AA-dhai, dhe> [ˡnəɪað, nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
1 hall
An older pronunciation preserved in many place names in the south is nouadd
<NOI-adh> [ˡnɔɪað] (qv) (often in the semi-Anglicised spelling Noyadd)
:_______________________________.
neuadd bentref / bentre <NEI-adh
BEN-trev / BEN-tre> [ˡnəɪað ˡbɛntrɛv / ˡbɛntrɛ] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau pentref <nei-AA-dhai, -e, PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [ nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡpɛntrɛv
/ ˡpɛntrɛ]
1
village hall, place for social events in a village
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd
y pentref ‘the village
hall’
:_______________________________.
neuadd blwyf / blwy <NEI-adh
BLUIV / BLUI> [ˡnəɪað ˡblʊɪ / ˡblʊɪv] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau plwyf / plwy <nei-AA-dhai, -e, PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡplʊɪ
/ ˡplʊɪv]
1 parish hall
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd
y plwyf ‘the parish hall’
Cynhelir yr Eisteddfod yn
Neuadd y Plwyf, Llandegfan
The Eisteddfod will be held in the Parish Hall, Llandegfan
:_______________________________.
neuadd ddinas <NEI-adh DHII-nas> [ˡnəɪað ˡðiˑnas] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau dinas <nei-AA-dhai, -e, DII-nas
> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ,
ˡdiˑnas]
1 city hall, place
where a city administration is situated
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y ddinas ‘the city hall’
ETYMOLOGY: translation of English city hall ‘hall
(of) city’; (neuadd = hall) + (dinas = city)
:_______________________________.
neuadd farchnad <NEI-adh VARKH-nad> [ˡnəɪað ˡvarxnad] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau
marchnad <nei-AA-dhai, -e, MARKH-nad> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡmarxnad]
1 market hall
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y farchnad ‘the market hall’
:_______________________________.
neuadd goffa <NEI-adh GOO-fa> [ˡnəɪað ˡgoˑfa] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau coffa <nei-AA-dhe-KOO-fa> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -
ɛ, ˡkoˑfa]
1 memorial hall; a
community hall constructed as a memorial to those from the local community who
have died in war. Such a hall has a prominent plaque or monument with the names
of the war victims
neuadd
goffa gymunedol
community memorial hall
ETYMOLOGY: ‘hall (of) commemorating’ (neuadd = hall) + soft mutation + (coffa = to
commemorate)
:_______________________________.
neuadd gymuned <NEI-adh
gə-MII-ned> [ˡnəɪað gəˡmiˑnɛd] (feminine noun)
PLURAL neuaddau cymuned <nei-AA-dhai,
-e, kə-MII-ned> [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ, -
ɛ, kəˡmiˑnɛd]
1 community hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd gyngerdd <NEI-adh GƏ-ngerdh > [ˡnəɪað ˡgəngɛrð] (feminine noun)
PLURAL neuaddau cyngerdd <nei-AA-dhai, -e, KƏ-ngerdh > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ, ˡkəngɛrð]
1 concert hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd gynull <NEI-adh GƏ-nilh > [ˡnəɪað ˡgənɪɬ] (feminine noun)
PLURAL neuaddau cynull <nei-AA-dhai, -e, KƏ-nilh > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ, ˡkənɪɬ]
1 assembly hall
:_______________________________.
neuadd dref / dre <NEI-adh
DREEV / DREE> [ˡnəɪað ˡdreːv, ˡdreː] feminine noun
1 town hall (called
in English in some places 'guildhall'); place where a town administration is
situated
2
Hen
Neuadd y Dre (“the
old town hall”) street name in Pen-rallt, Machynlleth (county of Powys)
ETYMOLOGY: translation of English town hall 'hall
(of) town'; (neuadd = hall) + (tref = town)
NOTE: the definite form is neuadd y dref
'the town hall'
:_______________________________.
neuadd y ddinas <NEI-adh ə DHII-nas> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡðiˑnas] feminine noun
1 'the town hall'
See: neuadd
dinas
:_______________________________.
neuadd y dref <NEI-adh ə DREEV / DREE> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡdreːv, ˡdreː] feminine noun
1 'the town hall'
See: neuadd
dref
:_______________________________.
neuadd y farchnad <NEI-adh
ə VARKH-nad> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡvarxnad] feminine noun
1 'the market hall'
See: neuadd
farchnad
:_______________________________.
neuadd ymarfer <NEI-adh ə-MAR-ver> [ˡnəɪað əˡmarvɛr] feminine noun
PLURAL neuaddau ymarfer <nei-AA-dhai, -e, ə-MAR-ver > [nəɪˡɑˑðaɪ,
- ɛ, əˡmarvɛr]
1 drill hall =
(obsolete) hall for military practices, where soldiers learn marching in
formation, military music, military techniques. Such halls in the English state
later became Territorial Army Centres.
ETYMOLOGY: 'hall (of) practising' (neuadd =
hall) + (ymarfer = to practise)
:_______________________________.
neuadd y pentref / pentre <NEI-adh ə PEN-trev / PEN-tre> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡpɛntrɛv / ˡpɛntrɛ] feminine noun
1 'the village
hall' See: neuadd
bentref
:_______________________________.
neuadd y plwyf <NEI-adh ə PLUIV / PLUI> [ˡnəɪað ə ˡplʊɪv / ˡplʊɪ] feminine noun
1 'the parish hall'
See: neuadd
blwyf
:_______________________________.
neu beidio <NEI-BEID-YO> [nəɪ ˡbəɪdjɔ]
1 or not
Cymer e neu beidio Take it or leave it
(“take it or refrain”)
ETYMOLOGY: (neu = or) + soft mutation + (peidio to cease; to refrain (from doing something))
:_______________________________.
neu ddim <nei DHIM> [nəɪ ˡðɪm]
1 y cwbl neu ddim (it’s) all or nothing
nawr
neu ddim (it’s) now
or never
:_______________________________.
neu well <nei WELH> [nəɪ ˡwɛɬ ]
1 or more
ganrif
neu well yn ôl a
century or more ago
ETYMOLOGY: (neu = or) + soft mutation + (gwell = better)
:_______________________________.
newid <NEU-id> [ˡnɛʊɪd] (verb)
1 to change
newid
eich dillad to
change your clothes
newid eich gwedd change your
appearance, disguise oneself
newid
er gwell to change
for the better
newid
er gwaeth to change
for the worse
newid gwlad emigrate (“change country”)
2 sdim
newid arno (= nid oes newid arno) he’s set in his ways (“there’s no changing on him”)
:_______________________________.
newid, newidiadau <NEU-id, neu-id-YAA-dai, -e> [ˡnɛʊɪd, nɛʊɪdˡjɑˑdaɪ,
-ɛ] masculine noun
1 change, alteration
2
newid
er gwell a change
for the better
newid
er gwaeth a change
for the worse
:_______________________________.
newydd <NEU-idh> [ˡnɛʊɪð] (adjective)
1 new
2 Y
Maesnewydd “the new
field” place name
Maesnewydd
name of street in
Machynlleth, Powys
3 fel
swllt newydd (“like
a new shilling”) as fresh as paint
troi dalen newydd turn over a new leaf
(“turn a new leaf (of a book) / a new
page”)
4 Y Tainewydd “the new houses”
place name
As a street name (Tainewydd)
..1/ Brynsiencyn, Llanfairpwllgwyngyll (county of Môn)
..2/ Llanfaelog, Tŷ-croes (county of Môn)
..3/ Talwrn, Llangefni (county of Môn)
..4/ Ynys-y-bŵl (county of Rhondda Cynon Taf)
Also with the plural form of the adjective newyddion
Tainewyddion – name of streets in
..1/ Llandegla (county of Dinbych)
..2/ Gwytherin (county of Conwy)
..3/ Aberdyfi (county of Gwynedd)
..4/ Rhostryfan (county of Gwynedd)
:_______________________________.
newydd PLURAL newyddion <NEU-idh,
neu-IDH-yon> [ˡnɛʊɪð, nɛʊˡɪðjɔn] (masculine noun)
1 rumour, piece of news, some news, something to tell you
ma' rhyw newydd ar droed bod... there’s news going round that...
Mae gen i newydd mor dda i chi fel ag i wneud iawn
digonol, efallai, am yr holl ffwdan
I have some news for you which is so good that
perhaps it’ll quite make up for all the fuss (I caused)
2 papur newydd newspaper “paper (of)
news”
(papur =
paper) + (newydd = piece of news; news)
:_______________________________.
newyddair <neu-ƏDH-air> [nɛʊˡəðaɪr]
masculine noun
PLURAL newyddeiriau <neu-ədh-EIR-yai, -e> [nɛʊəðˡəɪrjaɪ, -ɛ]
1 neologism,
newly-coined word or phrase
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft mutation + (gair = word)
:_______________________________.
newyddbeth <neu-ƏDH-beth> [nɛʊˡəðbɛθ] masculine noun
PLURAL newyddbethau <neu-ədh-BEE-thai, -e> [nɛʊəðˡbeˑθaɪ, -ɛ]
1 innovation
traddodiad a newyddbethau tradition
and innovation
2 novelty
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft mutation + (peth = thing)
:_______________________________.
newydd-ddyfodiad ‹NEU-idh-dhə-VOD-yad› [ˡnɛʊɪð ðəˡvɔdjad] masculine noun
PLURAL
newydd-ddyfodiaid ‹neu-idh-dhə-VOD-yaid, -yed› [ˡnɛʊɪð ðəˡvɔdjaɪd, -ɛd]
1
newcomer
newydd-ddyfodiad
gorau best newcomer
Ennill gwobr y newydd-ddyfodiad gorau to win the prize for best newcomer (“to win (the)
prize (of) the best newcomer”)
Enillodd ef wobr y newydd-ddyfodiad gorau He won the prize
for best newcomer
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft mutation + (dyfodiad comer, person who comes, who has come); (dyfod-
stem of the verb dod, dyfod) (-i-ad noun-forming
suffix)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadur <neu-ədh-YAA-dir> [nɛʊəðˡjɑˑdɪr] masculine noun
PLURAL newyddiaduron <neu-ədh-ya-DII-ron> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrɔn]
1 newspaper
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = (adjective) new, (noun) piece of news) + (-i-adur noun-forming suffix, indicating a
book or suchlike)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadura <neu-ədh-ya-DII-ra> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑra]
verb
1 work on a
newspaper (as a journalist)
Bu'n
newyddiadura gyda phapurau'r Cambrian News a'r Western Mail cyn mynd yn Olygydd
Newyddion gyda'r BBC
He worked as a journalist on the Cambrian News and the Western Mail before
becoming a News Editor with the BBC
2 (nm) journalism
Enghraifft
o’r newyddiadura mwyaf ffiaidd yw’r Welsh Daily Mirror
The Welsh Daily Mirror is an example of
journalism at its most repugnant
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-a, verb-forming suffix indicating an activity or
profession)
:_______________________________.
newyddiaduraeth <neu-ədh-ya-DIR-aith, -eth> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑraɪθ, -ɛθ] feminine noun
1 journalism
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-aeth, suffix for forming abstract nouns)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadurol <neu-ədh-ya-DII-rol> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrɔl] adjective
1 journalistic, of
journalism
Y
Canolfan Newyddiadurol the Journalism Centre (= university department)
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-ol, suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
newyddiadurwr <neu-ədh-ya-DII-rur> [nɛʊəðjaˡdiˑrʊr] masculine noun
PLURAL newyddiadurwyr <neu-ədh-ya-DIR-wir> [nɛʊəðjaˡdɪrwɪr]
1 journalist
2 newspaper seller, newspaper vendor
llyfrwerthwyr
a newyddiadurwyr
(Tarian Y Gweithiwr 24 12 1908) book sellers and newspaper vendors
ETYMOLOGY: (newyddiadur = newspaper) + (-i-aeth, suffix for forming nouns, = ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
newyddion
(1) <neu-ƏDH-yon> [nɛʊˡəðjɔn]
1 plural form of the adjective or noun newydd
Tainewyddion (place name) new
houses
:_______________________________.
newyddion (2) <neu-ƏDH-yon> [nɛʊˡəðjɔn] masculine plural
1 news
fflach
(-iadau) (f) newyddion news flash
2 y Newyddion Da (Christian religion) the Good News, the Gospel (= the doctrine of Christ and his disciples);
A synonym of Church Latin ēvangelium (= evangel, good news, good
tidings; the good tidings that humankind
will be freed from the designs of the Devil through Jesus Christ)
< Greek evangelion
(= good news, reward for bringing good news)
< (evangelos = bringer of good news, “good
messenger”)
< (eu = good) + (angelos = messenger)
Cf English ‘good news’, as in ‘Good
News for Modern Man’, an English-language New Testament published in 1996 by
the American Bible Society; French, as in l’Église évangélique ‘La Bonne Nouvelle’ (Strassburg / Strasbourg);
Catalan ‘Bona Nova’ (district of Barcelona).
ETYMOLOGY:
newyddion is the
plural form of the adjective newydd (=
news) and the noun newydd (= a
piece of news).
It is a translation of English news, which
in turn is a translation of French nouvelles (nouvelle + s, the
feminine plural form of the adjective nouveau = new)
See also newydd (= piece of news)
NOTE: Colloquially newyddion is also:
a.. newddion <NEUDH-yon> [ˡnɛʊðjɔn],
b.. nwddion <NUDH-yon> [ˡnʊðjɔn]
:_______________________________.
newyddlen <neu-ƏDH-len> [nɛʊˡəðlɛn] masculine noun
PLURAL newyddlenni ‹neu-ədh-LE-ni› [nɛʊəðˡlɛnɪ]
1 news-sheet
Mae
cangen Penyrheol y blaid yn cwrdd bob mis yn ddi-ffael, yn dosbarthu
newyddlenni rheolaidd yn y ward ac yn trefnu digwyddiadau cymdeithasol
The Penyrheol branch of the party meets every month without fail, distributes
news-sheets in the ward, and organises social events
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = new) + soft mutation + (llen = sheet)
:_______________________________.
newyddloer <neu-ƏDH-loir> [nɛʊˡəðlɔɪr] feminine noun
(a literary word)
1 new moon
2
time of the new moon
3
(1620 Bible) a festival celebrated by the Hebrews coinciding with the new moon.
Hebrew Rosh Chodesh (‘(the) head /
beginning (of the) month’).
Colosiaid 2:16 Am hynny na farned neb arnoch chwi am fwyd, neu am
ddiod, neu o ran dydd gŵyl, neu newyddloer, neu Sabothau:
Colossians 2:16
Let no man therefore
judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new
moon, or of the sabbath days:
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd- <ə> [ə] < newydd <i> [ɪ] = new) + soft mutation + (lloer =
moon)
:_______________________________.
newyddur <neu-Ə-dhir> [nɛʊˡəðɪr] masculine noun
1 (obsolete)
newspaper
Y
Drafod – newyddur y Wladfa The ‘Drafod’ (“discussion”) – the newspaper of the Gwladfa (the Welsh settlement in Patagonia, established 1865)
ETYMOLOGY: (newydd = piece of news, news) + (-ur suffix). Word coined in 1839.
:_______________________________.
nf
In certain words and names an original [vn] > [nv]
Dyfnant > Dynfant (“Dunvant”)
Llyfnell > Llynfell river name, South
Wales
Llyfni > Llynfi river name, South
Wales
Meddyfnych > Meddynfych (Llandybïe):
possibly (MA = flat place, plain) + (DYFNYCH stream name or personal name) <
(DWFN = deep) + (-YCH suffix)
:_______________________________.
NG, ng <ENG> [ɛng] feminine noun
1) eleventh letter of the twenty-nine letter Welsh
alphabet
1 a, 2 b, 3
c, 4 ch, 5
d, 6 dd 7
e, 8 f, 9
ff, 10 g, 11
ng, 12 h, 13 i, 14 j, 15 l, 16 ll, 17
m, 18 n, 19
o, 20 p, 21
ph, 22 r, 23
rh, 24 s, 25
t, 26 th, 27
u, 28 w, 29 y
:_______________________________.
-ng ‹-›
1 There exist examples in Welsh of ng-g [ŋg] > ng [ŋ] - i.e the ‘g’ is lost.
(1) angerdd (= passion)
Originally <ANG-gerdh> [ˡaŋgɛrð],
now<A-ngerdd> [ˡaŋɛrð].
The change probably came about through the
influence of the words
angau (= death) <A-ngai, -e> [ˡaŋaɪ, -ɛ],
angen <A-ngen> [ˡaŋɛn] (= need, necessity)
(2) the word dangos (= to show) is <DANG-gos> [ˡdaŋgɔs] in standard Wleh and in southern Welsh; in North
Wales is generally pronounced <DA-ngos> [ˡdaŋɔs]
(delwedd 7563)
(3) fflangell (= whip) was historically fflan|gell <FLANG-gelh> [ˡflaŋgɛɬ]
In modern Welsh it is <FLA-ngelh> [ˡflaŋɛɬ]
(4) cronglwyd (= roof) was originally (crom = curved) + soft mutation + (clwyd = hurdle)
a.. cromglwyd <KROM-gluid> [ˡkrɔmglʊɪd] >
b.. crón-glwyd <KRON-gluid> [ˡkrɔnglʊɪd] >
c.. cróng-glwyd <KRONG-gluid> [ˡkrɔŋglʊɪd] >
d.. cronglwyd <KRO-ngluid> [ˡkrɔŋlʊɪd]
:_______________________________.
ngwas i <NGWAAS
i> [ˡngwɑːs ɪ]
1 address: fy ngwas i (= mate, my friend) (North-west Wales – wash i)
:_______________________________.
ngh
1 nasal mutation –
one of the six nasal mutations. It replaces an original initial c
It occurs after
..a/ the preposition yn (= in)
Caer-dydd,
yng Nghaer-dydd Cardiff,
in Cardiff
..b/ standard Welsh
fy (= my); col·loquial Welsh ’yn / ’y (= my) (sometimes omitted
altogether)
fy nghariad annwyl my
dearest (“my dear love”)
’y nghariad my dear
:_______________________________.
nh
1 initial of
penultimate syllable replacing nnh from an
original nt
Gwenhwyseg (dialect of Gwent) < Gwenhwys- (inhabitants of Gwent, now Gwennwys)
> Gwent
cannoedd (hundreds)
< cant (hundred) + plural suffix oedd
:_______________________________.
nh
1 nasal mutation –
one of the six nasal mutations. It replaces an original initial t
It occurs after
..a/ the preposition yn (= in)
Tredelerch,
yn Nhredelerch Tredelerch,
in Tredelerch
..b/ standard Welsh
fy (= my); col·loquial Welsh ’yn / ’y (= my) (sometimes omitted
altogether)
fy nhad my father
’y nhad my father
*nhad my father (* here indicates a lost
preceding freestanding item)
:_______________________________.
nhuddo / ’nhuddo <NHII-dho> [ˡnhiˑðɔ] v
1
= anhuddo (fire) bank; cover a fire (cover with ashes or fuel at night
to cause it to burn slowly and last until the morning, rake up the fire; damp
down)
anhuddo’r tân bank up the fire
Also ’nhuddo’r tân / ’nuddo’r tân
Colloquially the first syllable is lost ’nhuddo
In South-east Wales colloquially nuddo (also spelt ’nuddo)
:_______________________________.
nhw <NHUU,-NHU> [nhuː, nhʊ] (pronoun)
1 they
Colloquial form. Also as nw <NUU,-NU> [nuː, nʊ]
Literary form: hwy
:_______________________________.
nhwthe hefyd ‹nu-the hê-vid›
pronoun
1 they, them too
:_______________________________.
NI-
nasal mutation of the
syllable di-
diarddel,
cael fy niarddel
expel, be expelled (“get my expelling”),
Dinaspowys,
yn Ninaspowys
Dinaspowys, in Dinaspowys
:_______________________________.
ni ‹ nii
› pronom
1
we, us
a) simple personal pronoun - emphasised
subject ni wnaeth y cwbl (It is) we (who) did it all
In south-eastern Welsh this construction implies no emphasis
Ni awn yn awr am ychydig gydag ef hyd at y
bont.
We shall go with him now for a litlle as far as the bridge
b) simple personal pronoun - object of
an inflected verb gwelodd hi ni ddoe she saw us yesterday
c) simple personal pronoun - object of a
non-conjugating preposition gyda ni = with us
d) tag pronoun - after inflected verb siaradon ni = we spoke
e) tag pronoun - after inflected
preposition ganddon ni = with us
f) tag pronoun - after noun preceded by
EIN = our (colloquial: YN)
ein hysgol-ni, yn ysgol-ni = our school
In house names, ni is added without
the possessive determine ein before the noun
Tŷ-ni / Tŷ Ni our house
Annedd-ni / Annedd Ni our dwelling, our abode
Nyth-ni, Nyth Ni our nest
g) tag pronoun - after verbnoun preceded
by EI = our (colloquial YN)
ein talu-ni, yn talu-ni = paying us
2
a noun in apposition is mutated; Cymry = Welsh people, ni Gymry = we Welsh, we Welsh people
3 (in certain cases 'ni' is dropped -
we'll place a link later to a page explaining these cases)
ein
gwlad ni / ein gwlad our
country
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh < British. From the same British root: Cornish NI = we, us, Breton NI = we, us
:_______________________________.
ni (2) ‹nii› particle negatiu
1 (literary Welsh) negative particle before a verb. Note: nid before a vowel)
It causes soft mutation to G B D M LL RH, and spirant mutaion to C P T
daeth
ef = he came, ni ddaeth ef = he didn't come
clywodd
ef = he heard, ni chlywodd ef = he didn't hear
..1/ The colloquial language omits ni but
retains the mutation, and adds the negator ddim
ddaeth
e ddim, chlywodd e ddim
..2/ (In certain cases 'ni' is dropped - we'll place a link some day to a page
explaining these cases)
..3/ Negative elements apart from ddim
(literally, “nothing”; cf English “not” < “nought” < “no
wight” = no thing, no person), are:
ni + byth never (present habitual, future)
ni +
erióed never (past)
ni +
neb nobody
ni +
tros 'y nghrogi
even if I were to be hanged for it
ni +
unlle nowhere
ni +
unman nowhere
ni + yn
'y myw in my life
ni + yn
un man nowhere
ni + yr
un (ci, etc) any
(dog, etc)
:_______________________________.
ni ‹ə nii› pronoun
1 y ni we, us (colloquial form of nyní, an emphatic form of ni)
ETYMOLOGY: y ni < yní < nyní
:_______________________________.
'ni ‹ni›
see: ohoni
:_______________________________.
-ni ‹ni›
(suffix found in river names)
..1/ Rhymni
In some river names there was originally a final –ni, but this has been altered
through metathesis
..1/ Hoddni > Honddi > Honddu
..2/ Llyfni > Llynfi
..3/ Rhoddni > Rhonddi > Rhondde > Rhondda
:_______________________________.
-ni ‹ni›
1 noun-forming
suffix, especially colours
..1/ bryntni = dirtiness
..2/ cloffni lameness
..3/ cochni = redness
..4/ glesni = blueness
..5/ gwyrddni greenness, verdure
..6/ mechni = bail
..7/ noethni = nudity
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh -ni < ni < nif < British
*gnîm- (= work)
:_______________________________.
Nia ‹ni -a› feminine noun
1 woman's name
:_______________________________.
niacin ‹ni- a -kin› masculine noun
1 niacine = nicotonic acid
:_______________________________.
nialwch ‹ni- a -lukh› masculine noun
1 See: anialwch
:_______________________________.
nìb ‹nib› masculine noun
Plural: nibiau ‹nib
-ye›
1 nib (of a pen)
NOTE: Use of the grave accent: page kimkat1746e
:_______________________________.
ni buasai un gronyn gwaeth... ‹ni bi-a-se iin gro-nin gwaith›
1 you might just as
well... (“ it wouldn't be worse (to the extent of) one (single) grain (to do
something)”)
:_______________________________.
Ni bydd allt heb waered ‹ni biidh alht heb wei -red›
1 It's a long road
(or lane) that has no turning; although the going seems hard, things will
improve in the end (“there's no hill without a downward slope”)
:_______________________________.
Ni bydd rhybarch rhy gynefin ‹ni biidh hrə-barkh hrii gə-
nê -vin›
1 Familiarity
breeds contempt (“It is not venerable (the thing) too accustomed”)
Ni bydd
hybarch rhy gyffredin
(“It is not venerable (the thing) too usual”)
ETYMOLOGY: (ni negative particle) + (bydd it (usually) is / it will be) + (hybarch = venerable) + (rhy = too) +
soft mutation + (cynefin =
accustomed)
:_______________________________.
Nic ‹nik› masculine noun
1 short form of the name Niclas =
Nicolas
:_______________________________.
Nicander ‹NI-kan-der› [ˡnɪkandɛr]
1 Hymnwriter. Morris
Williams 1809-74, born in Llangybi (Gwynedd), curate of Treffynnon (Sir y
Fflint), and Bangor (Gwynedd), and lastly rector of Llanrhuddlad (Môn).
Received the name of Nicander as winner of the chair for his awdl “Y
Greadigaeth” (The Creation) in the eisteddfod at Aberffraw in 1849.
There are two streets with his name in Abertawe “Nicander Parade” (which would
be Rhodfa
Nicander in Welsh),
and “Nicander Place” (which would be Maes Nicander) . Neighbouring streets commemorate other
poets / hymnwriters
:_______________________________.
nicer, nicers <NI-ker,
NI-kerz> [ˡnɪkɛr, ˡnɪˡkɛrz] (masculine noun)
1 knickers
:_______________________________.
Ni cheir y melys heb y chwerw <NII
KHEIR ə MEE-lis HEEB ə KHWEE-ru> [ˡniː ˡxəɪr ə ˡmeˑlɪs
ˡheːb ə ˡxweˑrʊ]
(phrase)
1 Life has its ups and downs, there is no joy without sorrow
(literally: “the sweet is not had
without the bitter”)
“it is not obtained / the sweet / without / the bitter” (ni = (it is) not) + spriant mutation + (ceir = it is obtained, < cael = to obtain) + (y definite
article) + (melys = sweet) + (heb =
without) + (y definite article) + (chwerw =
bitter)
:_______________________________.
nico, nicos <NI-ko,
NI-kos> [ˡnɪkɔ, ˡnɪkɔs] (masculine noun)
1 goldfinch
:_______________________________.
nid <NID> [nɪd] (negative particle)
1 not
2 Nid aur
popeth melyn All
that glitters is not gold (“(it is) not gold everything yellow”)
:_______________________________.
Nid aur popeth melyn <NID AIR PO-peth MEE-lin> [ˡnɪd ˡaɪr ˡpɔpɛθ
ˡmeːlɪn]
1 All that glitters
/ glistens is not gold
ETYMOLOGY: “(it is) not gold everything yellow” (nid = (it is) not) + (aur = gold)
+ (popeth = everything) + (melyn = yellow)
:_______________________________.
Ni ddaw i neb ddoe yn ôl <nii DHAU i NEEB DHOI ən OOL> [ˡniː ˡðaʊ ˡi ˡneːb
ˡðɔɪ ən ˡoːl]
1 You can’t undo
the past, what’s done is done; or, the happy days of the past will not return
(“yesterday won’t come back to anybody”)
ETYMOLOGY: “it will not come / to anybody / tomorrow / back” (ni = no) + soft mutation + (daw = will
come) + (i = to) + (neb = nobody) + soft mutation (after the intercalation of an element
between entre the verb and the subject) + (doe = yesterday) + (yn ôl =
back, retracing tracing one’s footsteps)
:_______________________________.
Nid da lle gellir gwell <nid DAA lhee GE-lhir GWELL> [nɪd ˡðɑː ɬeː ˡgɛɬɪr ˡgwɛɬ]
1 “not good where
there-can-be-done better” i.e. there’s always room for improvement in any
endeavour.
:_______________________________.
nid felly <NID VE-lhi> [ˡnɪd ˡvɛɬɪ]
1 that’s not how...
Nid
felly y gwelaf i’r peth That isn’t how I see the matter
2 Not so, that is not the case
ETYMOLOGY: (nìd = not) + (felly = in this way)
:_______________________________.
nid fi <NID VII> [ˡnɪd ˡviː]
1 (it is) not me
(that)...
Nid fi
a wnaeth hyn It
wasn’t me who did this, I (emphasised) didn’t do this
:_______________________________.
Nid fod dim o’i le ar hynny
1 Not that there’s
anything wrong with it
:_______________________________.
Nid mewn undydd y codwyd Rhufain <NID
meun IN-didh ə KOOD-uid HRII-vain, -ven> [ˡnɪd mɛʊn ˡɪndɪð ə ˡkoˑdʊɪd
ˡhriˑvaɪn, -ɛn]
1 Rome was not
built in a day
ETYMOLOGY: “(it-is) not in one-day that was-built Rome” (nid = not) + (mewn = in) +
(undydd = one single day) + (y codwyd = that it was built) + (Rhufain =
Rome)
:_______________________________.
nid oeddech chwi ‹nid
OI dhe khwi› (verb)
1 you weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oedd ef ‹nid OI dhev› (verb)
1 he wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddem ni ‹nid
OI dhum ni› (verb)
1 we weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddet ti ‹nid OI dhe ti› (verb)
1 you weren't
:_______________________________.
nid oedd hi ‹nid OIDH hi› (verb)
1 she wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddwn i ‹nid
OI dhun i› (verb)
1 I wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid oeddynt hwy ‹nid
OI dhint hui› (verb)
they weren't
:_______________________________.
Nid oes da heb beth drwg ynddo ‹nid ois daa heeb beeth druug ən-dho›
1 Nothing is one
hundred per cent perfect (“There is no good without some bad in it”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nid oes = there isn’t) + (da = good) + (heb = without)
+ soft mutation + (peth =
thing; a quantity of) + (drwg = bad)
+ (ynddo = in it)
:_______________________________.
nid ydoedd ef ‹nid
ə DOI dhe› (verb)
1 he wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydoedd hi ‹nid
ə DOIDH hi› (verb)
1 she wasn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydwyf fi ‹nid
ə DUI vi› (verb)
1 I'm not
:_______________________________.
nid ydwyt ti ‹nid
ə DUI ti› (verb)
1 you aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydych chwi ‹nid
ə DI khwi› (verb)
1 you aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydym ni ‹nid ə DIM ni› (verb)
1 we aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydynt hwy ‹nid
ə DINT hui› (verb)
1 they aren't
:_______________________________.
nid ydyw ef ‹nid ə DIU ev› (verb)
1 he isn't
:_______________________________.
nid ydyw hi ‹nid ə DIU hiI› (verb)
1 she isn't
:_______________________________.
nifer, niferoedd ‹NI
ver, ni VE rodh›
(masculine or feminine noun)
1 number
2 nifer o
= a quantity of
nifer o bobl a
number of people, quite a few people
nifer fawr o a great number of
:_______________________________.
Nigeraidd ‹ni-gê-redh› adjective
1 Nigerian
ETYMOLOGY: (Niger- stem of Nigeria) + (-aidd suffix for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
Nigeria ‹ni-ger-ya› feminine noun
1 Nigeria
:_______________________________.
Nigeriad ‹ni-ger-yad› masculine or feminine noun
PLURAL Nigeriaid ‹ni-ger-yed›
1 Nigerian
ETYMOLOGY: (Niger- stem of Nigeria) + (-i-ad noun-forming suffix, indicating an inhabitant
of a place)
:_______________________________.
ninnau, “ninne” ‹NI
ne› (pronoun)
1 we too
:_______________________________.
nionyn ‹nyô-nin› masculine noun
PLURAL nionod ‹nyô-nod›
North Wales
1 onion
2 pennionyn (North Wales) onion head – nickname
for a bald man
“head (of) onion” (pen = head)
+ (nionyn = onion)
Tafarn
Pennionyn name of a
public house in Y Groeslon (Gwynedd), from the nickname of an owner (Owen
Rowlands) in the late 1800s. The offical name was “Llanfair Arms” since it had
been built on land belonging to Hugh Griffith, owner of the Plas Llanfair
estate. The local name for the pub became the official name in May 2002 (Report
in Y Cymro, 01 June 2002)
ETYMOLOGY:
(1) nionyn is from onionyn with the loss of the pretonic syllable “o-”;
(2) onionyn
is from the English
word onion + (-yn Welsh diminitive suffix);
(3) The word onion came into English < French
oignon (= onion) < Latin ûniô, ûniônis (= union, large pearl, onion)
:_______________________________.
nith, nithoedd ‹NIITH,
NI thodh› (feminine
noun)
1 niece
nai neu nith nephew
or niece
:_______________________________.
nithio ‹NITH yo› (verb)
1 winnow = separate chaff from grain
2 nithio’r
gwir o’r gau sort
the truth from lies (“winnow the truth from the false”)
:_______________________________.
ni waeth pa mor... ‹nii wâith paa›
1 no matter
how......
Colloquially the ‘ni’ is omitted
(ni) waeth pa mor fawr bynnag y bo no matter how big it is
Ni
waeth pa mor gyflym y gweithi di, ni orffeni di’r gwaith mewn pryd
More colloquially: Waeth pa mor gyflym gweithi di, orffeni di mo’r gwaith mewn pryd
No matter how fast you work, you won’t finish the job in time
ETYMOLOGY: (ni = no) + soft mutation + (gwaeth = worse) + (pa = which)
+ (mor = so, as)
:_______________________________.
Niwbwrch <NIU-burkh> [ˡnɪʊbʊrx] (feminine noun)
1 village, county of Môn
:_______________________________.
niwcliar <NIU-kliar> [ˡnɪʊklɪar] (verb)
1 nuclear
Cymru ddi-niwcliar a nuclear-free Wales
ynni niwcliar nuclear energy
:_______________________________.
niwed, niweidiau ‹NI
wed, ni WEID ye› (masculine
noun)
1 harm, damage, injury
hunan-niwed self-harm
ein diogelu rhag niwed to keep us from harm, to protect us
from harm
achosi niwed corfforol difrifol cause serious bodily
harm
Oni fo ganddo neu
ganddi niweidiau sydd angen sylw meddygol
brys if he or she doesn’t have injuries which require immediate medical
attention
:_______________________________.
niweidio ‹ni WEID yo› (verb)
1 to damage
Niweidiwyd cannoedd o
adeildau hanesyddol yn Lloegr yn yr Ail Ryfel Byd Hundreds of historical
buildings were damaged in England in the Second World War
niweidio’ch iechyd
harm your health
Mae glaw asid yn
gan niweidio bywyd dyfrol yn
ein llynau Acid rain harms aquatic life in our lakes
:_______________________________.
niweidiol ‹ni WEID yol› (adjective)
1 harmful
bacteria niweidiol harmful bacteria
llai niweidiol less harmful
mwy niweidiol more harmful
yr un mor niweidiol â just as harmful as
:_______________________________.
niweidiau ‹ni WEID ye› (plural
noun) ‹NI wed›
1 damage; injuries;
plural of niwed
:_______________________________.
niwl, niwloedd ‹NIUUL,
NIU lodh› (masculine
noun)
1 mist, fog
yn y niwl in the mist, in the fog
mae’r niwl yn codi the mist is lifting
niwl y môr sea fog
chwalu’r niwl to disperse the fog
Mae’r gwynt yn chwalu’r niwl The wind is breaking up the fog,
dispersing the fog
Mae’r niwl yn chwalu The fog is breaking up, the fog is dispersing
:_______________________________.
niwlgorn ‹ niul
-gorn›
masculine noun
PLURAL niwlgyrn ‹ niul
-girn›
1
foghorn
ETYMOLOGY: (niwl = fog ) + soft mutation + (corn = horn)
NOTE: Usually corn niwl
:_______________________________.
niwlog ‹NIU log› (adjective)
1 misty, foggy
2 hazy = not clearly formed; vague
syniadau niwlog hazy ideas
yr oedd ei haraith yn hirwyntog, niwlog a diflas her speech was
long.winded, vague and boring
:_______________________________.
nn SPELLING
The only double
letter combinations in modern Welsh are ‘nn’ and ‘rr’
1
The misspelling nn > n
..a/ In the 1800s ‘nn’ was frequently misspelt as ‘n’, as in
1/ Iolo
Morganwg (pseudonym
of Edward Williams of Llancarfan, Bro Morgannwg, 1747-1826)
2/ Gorphenaf
instead of Gorffennaf (= July)
..b/ Examples of the misspelling nn > n are to be seen in certain place
names often used as ‘official English’ forms
Heol
Rhydypennau in
Caer-dydd is officially ‘Rhyd-y-Penau Road’
Llanerch
instead of Llannerch
..c/ Other sporadic examples of the misspelling nn >
n:
...(a) genod instead of gennod (North Wales) (= girls), a clipped form of hogennod (= girls), plural of hogen (=
girl)
2
n > nn
..1/ Some words with a final -n have a root with a final -nn
In such wrods nn occurs at
the end of a penultimate syllable if the final syllable begins with a vowel
tocyn ticket
tocynnwr
ticket inspector ‹to KƏ nur>
But a single n occurs at
the end of a penultimate syllable if the final syllable begins with a consonant
tocynwyr ‹ to KƏN
wir› (masculine noun) ticket inspectors
2/ Some words have a root with a
single -n and so no doubling of this consonant occurs
tegan toy
teganau toys
..3/ n occurs at
the end of a penultimate syllable if the preceding vowel is half-long, from a
base form with a long vowel – the final syllable begins with a vowel
tonau melodies, plural of tôn melody
tonnau waves, , plural of ton wave
..4/ nn is reduced to n if an ending is added to a word and the
penultimate syllable becomes a prepenultimate syllable
llannerch > llanerchau
..5/ nn occurs
when the suffix an- is placed before a word beginning with d- or t-
There is nasal mutation d > n
diddorol (= interesting)
(an + diddorol) > (an + niddorol) > anniddorol (= uninteresting)
There is nasal
mutation t > nh
teg (= fair)
(an + teg) > (an + nheg) > annheg (= unfair)
..6/ nn <
nt
nt- before a final syllable > nnh- > nn-
..1/ cannoedd (= hundreds) < cant (= one hundred)
..2/ chwannog (= covetous) < chwant (= desire)
..3/ dannedd (= teeth) < dant (= tooth)
..4/ gwynnog (obsolete, = windy) < gwynt (= wind)
..5/ Nannau (place name ‘streams’) < nant
..6/ tannau (= strings) < tant
In the case of nn at the
end of a penultimate syllable, after a short vowel (tonnau = waves) and n in this
position after a half-long vowel (tonau = melodies), in North Wales
both are pronounced as short vowels, and so there is no indication from the
pronunciation whether the correct spelling is n or nn. In South Wales however the
distinction in general remains, and so in theory there shopuld be no confusion
as to whether such a word has n or nn.
:_______________________________.
nobyn ‹nô -bin› masculine noun
PLURAL nobiau ‹nob -ye› (nobiau > colloquial spelling nobie / nobia)
1 knob
nobyn y drws doorknob
nobie'r jestar-drôrs the knobs of the
chest of drawers
2 knob = on-off switch on a radio, or volume control, etc
troi’r nobyn turn the knob
neidio at y nobyn jump to the switch
(to turn off the radio)
3 nobyn sain (South Wales)
rheolydd sain sound control, knob
etc for raising and lowering the volume on a radio, etc
4 nobyn o fenyn knob of butter
5 idiot
Y nobyn gwiron! You stupid idiot!
The stupid idiot!
6 bun of hair
Roedd ei gwallt wedi ei hel yn dynn a'i droi yn nobyn
bach ar ei choryn
Her hair was gathered tightly and formed into a bun on the crown
ETYMOLOGY: (nòb = knob) + (-yn
diminutive suffix added to nouns)
Nòb < English knob < Low German knobbe (= knot
in wood), related to German der Knopf (= button)
:_______________________________.
nod, nodau <NOOD, NOO-dai, -de> [noːd, ˡnoˑdaɪ, -dɛ] m (masculine noun)
(nodau > colloquial spelling node / noda)
1 goal, objective
i fyny’r bo’r nod we must go ever upward, we must strive to reach the
top (“let the goal be up”)
2 target
saethu at nod ar y ffens shoot at a target on the fence
3 cyrchu at y nod run towards the finishing line
Philipiaid 3:14 Yr ydwyf yn cyrchu at y nod, am gamp uchel alwedigaeth
Duw yng Nghrist Iesu.
Philippians 3:14 I press toward the mark for the prize of the high calling of
God in Christ Jesus.
4 dyfrnod
watermark = mark impressd on paper during manufacture
(dyfr-, penultimate form of dwfr = water) + (nod =
mark)
5 in expressions indicating aim, intention, goal
bod yn nod gennych (wneud rhywbeth) have as one’s aim
(to do something)
Roedd yn nod ganddo lwyddo His aim was to
succeed
6 eithafnod peak, furthest
point, highest point, ne plus ultra, uttermost point, ne plus ultra
eithafnod dedwyddwch the peak of happiness
(eithaf = the most extreme) + soft mutation . + (nod = objective, mark)
7 argraffnod
imprint = name of a publisher with date and place of publication, usually on
the title-page
(argraff stem of argraffu = to print) + (nod = mark)
:_______________________________.
nodded ‹nô -dhed› feminine
noun
1 asylum, refuge, protection, defence
Salmau 94:22 Eithr
yr Arglwydd sydd yn amddiffynfa i mi; a’m Duw yw craig fy nodded
Psalm 94:22 But the Lord is my defence; and my God is the rock of my refuge
Bwriedid
yr Elusendai i fod yn gysgod a nodded i nifer o 'hen bobl dlodion a pharchus,'
a hynny heb rent na threth
The Almshouses were intended to be a shelter and refuge for a number of ‘poor
and respectable old people’ rent-free and tax-free
ETYMOLOGY: nodded < nawdded (nawdd = protection) + (-ed suffix)
:_______________________________.
noddfa ‹nodh
-va› feminine noun
PLURAL noddfâu, noddféydd ‹nodh-vâi, -veidh›
1 place of safety,
refuge, shelter; place which gives protection from danger
chwilio
am noddfa rhag y bomiau look for shelter from the bombs
2 retreat, lair, private space
Noddfa
i ddianc iddi ar ôl ffrae â'i rieni oedd yr atig
The attic was a retreat for him to escape to after a row with his parents
3 refuge, recourse, source of aid and protection
yr
Arglwydd yw fy noddfa
God is my refuge
Isaiah 8:13 Arglwydd
y lluoedd ei hun a sancteiddiwch; a bydded efe yn ofn i chwi, a bydded efe yn
arswyd i chwi. (8:14)
Ac efe
a fydd yn noddfa; ond yn faen tramgwydd ac yn graig rhwystr i ddau dŷ
Israel, yn fagl ac yn rhwyd i breswylwyr Jerwsalem.
Isaiah 8:13 Sanctify the Lord of hosts himself; and let him be your fear, and
let him be your dread. (8:14) And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone
of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin
and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
4 hawl
noddfa right of
asylum
5 noddfa
wleidyddol
political asylum
6 Bible dinas noddfa city of refuge = one of six cities in the Holy
Land recognised as places of refuge to a person who had unintentionally caused
the death of another
7 Noddfa name given to
chapels
ETYMOLOGY: (nodd- stem of noddi = to sponsor, to support) + (-fa, suffix = place)
:_______________________________.
noddun ‹nô-dhin› adjective
1 Ffos
Noddun (‘deep
ditch’) near Betws-y-coed SH7956 (county of Conwy).
The English name is ‘Fairy Glen’ (!!)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/8500
Ffos Noddun
(“The Geograph British Isles project aims to collect
geographically representative photographs and information for every square
kilometre of Great Britain and Ireland…”)
ETYMOLOGY: Noddun is a form (with the loss of the first
syllable) of anoddun (adjective, obsolete; = very deep,
bottomless), equivalent to (obsolete) anoddyfn
(an = intensifying prefix) + soft
mutation + (go = intensifying prefix) + soft
mutation + (dyfn, variant of dwfn = deep)
anoddyfn (“y” = ‹i› ) > (loss of the [v] ) anoddy’n / anoddyn ‹a-nô-dhin› > anoddun ‹a-nô-dhin› (anoddyn = anoddun - same pronunciation)
:_______________________________.
nodedig <no-DEE-dig> [nɔˡdeˑdɪg] adj
1 noteworthy,
remarkable
Mae ef yn gwneud gwaith nodedig
He’s doing a
remarkable job
pobl nodedig yn ein hanes
notable people in
our histiry
Yr oedd ganddo yn
ei gasgliad lun nodedig oedd yn dwyn y teitl 'Pen y Wenallt'
He had a remarkable
picture in his collection titled ‘Pen y Wenallt’
y peth mwyaf nodedig oedd...
the most remarakable thing was...
2 appointed, set
Salm 102:13 Ti a gyfodi, ac a drugarhei wrth Seion: canys yr amser i drugarhau
wrthi, ie, yr amser nodedig, a ddaeth.
Thou shalt arise, and have mercy upon Zion: for the time to favour her, yea,
the set time, is come.
:_______________________________.
nod gwarant <NOOD,
NOO-dai, -de GWAA-rant> [noːd, ˡnoˑdaɪ, -dɛ ˡgwɑˑrant] m
1 hallmark = impression on gold or
silver to show quality and authenticity
2 hallmark = any mark to indicate good quality or authenticity
Synonyms: dilysnod, nod amgen
:_______________________________.
nodi ‹nô-di› verb
1 to note
2 gwarthnodi brand, cause to be regarded with
contempt
(gwarthnod = mark of shame) + (-i suffix
for forming verbs)
ETYMOLOGY: (nod = note) + (-i = sufix
for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
nodiad, nodiadau <NOD-yad,
nod-YAA-dai, -de> [ˡnɔdjad, ˡnɔdjɑˑdaɪ, -ɛ] (masculine noun)
1 note = something
written down to aid the memory
2 note = comment,
summary
Mewn nodiad yn y "Drysorfa" am Chwefror
1845...
In a note in Y
Drysorfa for February 1845
:_______________________________.
nodlyfr <NOD-livr, NOD-lii-vir> [ˡnɔdlɪvr, ˡnɔdliˑvɪr] masculine noun
PLURAL nodlyfrau <nod-LƏV-rai, -e> [nɔdˡləvˡraɪ, -ɛ]
(nodlyfrau
> colloquial spelling nodlyfre / nodlyfra)
1 notebook
ETYMOLOGY: (nod- stem of nodi = to note) + soft mutation + (llyfr = book)
:_______________________________.
nodlyfr poced <NOD-li-vir
PO-ked> [ˡnɔdlɪvɪr ˡpɔkɛd] (masculine noun)
1 pocket notebook
:_______________________________.
nodwr <NOO-dur> [ˡnoˑdʊr] (m)
PLURAL nodwyr <NOD-wir> [ˡnɔdwɪr] 1 noter = person who makes notes
2 marker = person or thing that marks something
O dan
nodwr o haearn bwrw syml y byddent yn cael eu claddu ar ddiwedd eu hoes
They were buried under a simple cast iron marker at the end of their lives
3 observer
nodwr
trenau plural nodwyr trenau trainspotter
ETYMOLOGY: (nod- stem of nodi = to note) + (-wr suffix
for forming nouns, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
nodwydd, nodwyddau <NOO-duidh,
no-DUI-dhai, -e> [ˡnoˑdʊɪð, nɔˡdʊɪðaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nodwyddau > colloquial
spelling nodwydde
/ nodwydda, among others. See note below)
1 needle
= steel or bone tool with an eye through which a thread is passed
nodwydd
ddur sewing needle (“needle (of) steel”)
nodwydd
gwnïo sewing needle (“needle (for) sewing”)
nodwydd
ddur gwnïo sewing needle (“needle (of) steel (for) sewing”)
blaen
nodwydd = tip of a
needle
pigiad nodwydd needle prick, a prick made by a needle
blaen nodwydd
edau a
nodwydd needle and
thread (“thread and needle”)
gwaith
edau a nodwydd needlework
(“work of thread and needle”)
cas nodwyddau needle case
2 needle = surgical instrument with a hollow centre - as in a hypodermic
syringe
3 gnomon of a sundial
4 (compass) needle
5 needle = movable pointer on a dial
nodwydd y glorian the neeedle of the weighing scales
6 needle = stylus on a gramaphone
7 tool for engraving
nodwydd
ysgythru etching
needle
8 chwilio
am nodwydd mewn tas wair look for a needle in a haystack
9 nodwydd pinwydd pine needle
10 mor llym â nodwydd (point) as sharp as a needle
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh <
British < Celtic
From the same British root: Cornish nazwedh
(= needle), Breton nadoz (=
needle)
From the same Celtic root: Irish snáthaid (= needle)
Related to:
Latin nēre (= to
spin), nervus (= sinew, nerve);
Greek nēn (= to
spin) as in
a.. the Neo-Greek genus name Nephila “fond
of spinning” (nēn = to
spin) + (philos = love), b.. Greek neuron (= sinew, nerve)
NOTE: col.loquial: nydwydd (o reduced to the obscure vowel y) <NƏ-duidh>, [ˡnədʊɪð]
:_______________________________.
nodwyddo <no-DUI-dho> [nɔˡdʊɪðɔ] verb
1 put (a thread) into a needle
nodwyddo edau thread a needle
(“needle (a) thread”)
ETYMOLOGY: (nodwydd = needle) + (-o suffix
for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
noeth <NOITH> [nɔɪθ] (adjective)
Southern colloquial: no’th
<NOOTH> [noːθ]
1 naked, nude = without clothes
Roedd hi’n
yn hollol noeth She was completely naked
noethlymun (qv) naked
breichnoeth bare-armed
bronnoeth bare
breasted
noeth ei bronnau bare
breasted
llednoeth half-naked
2 direct, frank, outspoken
un noeth iawn ydi o he’s speaks very frankly
3 (eye) naked = unassisted by
telescope
y llygad noeth the naked eye
i'r llygad noeth to the naked eye
Gellir ei gweld
yh hawdd yn y cyfnos gyda'r llygad
noeth It can be
easily seen at dusk with the naked eye
4 bare =
without gloves
â dyrnau noeth bareknuckled
5 bare = without shoes
troednoeth barefoot
6 noeth raw, with
the skin removed and exposing the flesh
cignoeth raw (flesh, wound);
harrowing
briw cignoeth open wound
disgrifiadau cignoeth harrowing descriptions
7 bare = (tree, branch) without leaves
sŵn yr awel leddf yn mrigau noeth y goeden 'fasarn' gerllaw'r tŷ
t87 Y Pentre Gwyn, gan
Anthropos (Robert David Rowland 1853?-1944)
The sound of the moaning breeze in the bare treetop of the maple tree near the
house
8 tin-noeth bare-arsed
cael eich dal yn
din-noeth be caught with one’s trousers down
9 naked = unembellished, sheer, pure, plain
rhagrith noeth sheer hypocrisy
cybydd-dod noeth sheer avarice,
naked greed
Y mae'r syniad o
ryddid barn yn ffolineb noeth The idea of free speech (existing) is a
complete fallacy
menter noeth complete gamble
lladrad noeth (said of an excessive price) sheer robbery, daylight robbery,
downright robbery (“naked robbery, bare theft “)
Mae hyn yn anwiredd
noeth that’s a downright lie, barefaced lie
celwydd noeth downright lie,
barefaced lie
ffwlbri noeth utter foolishness
digywilydd-dra
noeth sheer cheek
hyfdra noeth downright insolence
10 (sword)
unsheathed, drawn
cleddyf noeth,
cledde noeth unsheathed sword
11 (bread) dry,
plain = without butter, jam, etc
swm a sylwedd eu cinio oedd bara noeth a chawl tenau
their dinner
consisted entirely of plain bread and watery soup
12 (flame) naked =
exposed, not enclosed
fflam noeth naked flame
(also fflam
agored ‘open flame’)
13 pennoeth bareheaded
14 bare = (room)
without carpets, furniture
ystafell noeth bare room
15 noethlwm bleak (time, period); bleak, barren (landscape)
16 bare = without a
covering
bwrdd noeth bare table
17 = solely, purely
and simply, only, nothing more than
Ystyr. Benywaidd
oedd fel rheol gynt, ond i amryw o'r ysgrifenwyr gwrywaidd ydoedd bellach.
Dilynais yr hen arfer gyda hwn, gan fod y mwyafrif yn ei drin fel gair
benywaidd o hyd. Ni wiw apelio at hynafiaeth noeth mewn pwnc fel hyn, neu
byddai raid i ni ddefnyddio dinas fel enw gwrywaidd, a gwirionedd fel enw
benywaidd, megis yn y dyddiau gynt. Thomas Rees, Geiriadur
Beiblaidd 1926
Ystyr (= meaning).
As a rule in the past this was feminine, but for some writers it’s now
masculine. I followed the old paractice with htis, since most still regard it
as a feminine word. There’s little point appealing the old usage purely and
simply in a case like this or we’d have to use ‘dinas’ (city, feminine but
formerly masculine) as a masculine word, and gwirionedd (truth, masculine but
formerly feminine) as a feminine word, as in the olden days.
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh noeth < British *nokst- < Celtic < Indoeuropean *nogw-
Cf Latin nûdus (= nude, naked), English naked [néikid], Greek gumnos (= naked);
as in English gymnasium
< Latin gymnasium (= school) < Greek gumnasion
< (verb) gumnazein (= to exercise naked), < gumnos (=
naked), metathesised form from *nogw-mo-
:_______________________________.
noeth <NOITH> [nɔɪθ]
1 night. Found as an element in some
words. From British *nokt- (= night). Cf Latin nox, noctis
beunoeth (obsolete) every night
heno (originally heno’th < henoeth) tonight
pyfethnoeth (older form of pythefnos) fortnight
trannoeth the following day
:_______________________________.
noeth-chwilio <noith-KHWIL-yo> [nɔɪθˡxwɪljɔ] verb
1 strip-search = (police, customs officials, prison wardens, etc) to
remove a person’s clothes in searching the person for contraband or drugs or
other objects or substances which are disallowed
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = naked) + (chwilio = to search)
:_______________________________.
noeth ei bronnau <NOITH i BRO-nai, -ne> [ˡnɔɪθ ɪ ˡbrɔnaɪ,
-ɛ] (adjective)
1 bare-breasted
:_______________________________.
noethgig <NOITH-gig> [ˡnɔɪθgɪg] (m)
1 raw flesh
Nantgarw, south-east Wales: oegig
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = bare) + soft mutation + (cig = flesh. meat)
:_______________________________.
noethi <NOI-thi> [ˡnɔɪθɪ] (v)
1 bare, expose, uncover
noethi ei ben wrth y bedd baring his head by the grave (= taking off his
hat / cap)
2 (North Wales) go bald
3 noethi’ch dannedd snarl, bare your teeth
noethi’ch dyrnau bare your fists
noethi cleddyf draw a sword
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = bare) + (-i suffix
for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
noethlun, noethluniau <NOITH-lin, noith-LIN-yai, -ye > [ˡnɔɪθlɪn, nɔɪθˡlɪnjaɪ,
-jɛ] (m)
1 nude = painting or drawing of a nude figure ENG-Z
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = nude, naked) + soft mutation + (llun = picture)
:_______________________________.
noethlwm <NOITH-lum> [ˡnɔɪθlʊm] adjective
1 naked = wearing
no clothes
Oni bai
am y siopau dillad ail-law ’ma fe fydd e’n noethlwm rwy’n sicr
If it weren’t for
these second-hand clothes shops he’d be naked, I’m sure
2 exposed, treeless, barren
Lleoedd
digon noethlwm yw’r Llwyn Coch a’r Coed Mwsoglog erbyn heddiw
Llwyn Coch (red wood)
a’r Coed Mwsoglog (mossy wood) are quite exposed / treeless places by today
3 (period, season) bleak, barren
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = bare, naked) + soft mutation + (llwm = exposed)
:_______________________________.
noethlyd <NOITH-lid> [ˡnɔɪθlɪd] adjective
1
South-east Wales (as nothlyd) wearing only light clothes
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = bare, naked) + (-lyd =
adjectival suffix)
:_______________________________.
noethlymun <noith-LƏ-min> [nɔɪθˡləmɪn] adjective
1
stark naked
tynnu amdanoch
yn noethlymun strip
to the skin, take off all your clothes
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = nude, naked, bare) + soft
mutation + (llymun).
This second element is of unknown origin, but it seems to be based on llwm (the tonic syllable form of which is llym-) (= bare).
..a/ See
noethlwm above
..b/ There is in fact an Irish word lomnocht (=
nake, nude) with these two elements in Irish (lomm = bare, nocht = bare) corresponding to Welsh llwm
and noeth, but reversed.
..c/ There is a Welsh word llymnoeth,
which appears for the first time in 1803 in William Owen-Pughe’s dictionary.
But because there is no instance of it before this date, and its first
appearance is in this dictionary, it is quite likely to be a neologism. In fact
the dictionary has a great quantity of neologisms, though none of these
invented words are indicated as such. Possibly it is an imitation of the Irish
word lomnocht
NOTE: Variants are:
..a/ noethlymun
groen (with croen = skin)
..b/ noethlymun
gorn (with corn = horn, used as an intensifier)
..c/ noethlymun
stitsh (with stitch = stitch)
..d/ noethluman
:_______________________________.
noethlymundod <noith-lə-MIN-dod> [nɔɪθləˡmɪndɔd] (m)
1
nudism, naturism = practice of going around naked as a
form of healthy living
ETYMOLOGY: (noethlymun = stark naked) + (-dod = abstract-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
noethlymuniaeth <noith-lə-MIN-yaith,
-yeth> [nɔɪθləˡmɪnjaɪθ,
-jɛθ] (m)
1
nudism, naturism = practice of going around naked as a
form of healthy living
ETYMOLOGY: (noethlymun = stark naked) + (-i-aeth = abstract-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
noethlymuno <noith-lə-MII-no> [nɔɪθləˡmiˑnɔ] (v)
1
strip off, take off one’s clothes
ETYMOLOGY: (noethlymun = stark naked) + (-o = verb suffix)
:_______________________________.
noethlymunwr <noith-lə-MIN-ur> [nɔɪθləˡmɪnʊr] (m)
PLURAL noethlymunwyr <noith-lə-MIN-wir> [nɔɪθləˡmɪnwɪr]
1 nudist, naturist = practicioner of nudism / naturism
ETYMOLOGY: (noethlymun = stark naked) + (-wr = agent-noun suffix, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
noethlymunwraig <noith-lə-MIN-wraig,
-MIN-reg-> [nɔɪθləˡmɪnwraɪg,
ˡmɪnwrɛg] (f)
PLURAL noethlymunwragedd <noith-lə-min-WRAA-gedh> [nɔɪθləmɪnˡwrɑˑgɛð]
1 nudist, naturist (female) = practicioner of nudism /
naturism
ETYMOLOGY: (noethlymun = stark naked) + (-wraig = agent-noun suffix, ‘woman’)
:_______________________________.
noethni <NOITH-ni> [ˡnɔɪθnɪ] (m)
1 nudity, nakedness
ETYMOLOGY: (noeth = naked) + (-ni =
abstract-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
nofel, nofelau <NOO-vel,
no-VEE-lai, -le> [ˡnoˑvɛl, nɔˡveˑlaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nofelau > colloquial spelling nofele / nofela)
1 novel
nofel hanes historical novel (“novel (of) history”)
nofel drosedd crime
novel (“novel (of) a crime”)
nofel serch romantic
novel (“novel (of) love”)
:_______________________________.
nofel lofruddiaeth, nofelau llofruddiaeth <NOO-vel
lov-RIDH-yaith, -yeth, no-VEE-lai, -le, lhov-RIDH-yaith, -yeth> [ˡnoˑvɛl lɔvˡrɪðjaɪθ,
-jɛθ, nɔˡveˑlaɪ, -ɛ, ɬɔvˡrɪðjaɪθ,
-jɛθ] (feminine noun)
1 whodunnit, 'murder mystery' (“murder novel”)
:_______________________________.
nofelwr, nofelwyr <no-VEEL-ur,
no-VEL-wir> [nɔˡveˑlʊr, nɔˡvɛlwɪr] (m)
1 novelist
ETYMOLOGY: (nofel = novel) + (-wr =
agent-noun suffix, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
nofelwraig <no-VEL-wraig, no-VEL-reg> [nɔˡvɛlwraɪg, nɔˡvɛlrɛg] (f)
PLURAL nofelwragedd <no-vel-WRAA-gedh> [nɔvɛlˡwrɑˑgɛð]
1 novelist (female)
ETYMOLOGY: (nofel = novel) + (-wraig =
agent-noun suffix, ‘woman’)
:_______________________________.
nofelydd, nofelwyr <no-VEE-lidh,-no-VEL-wir> [nɔˡveˑlɪð, nɔˡvɛlwɪr] (m)
1 novelist
ETYMOLOGY: (nofel = novel) + (-wydd=
agent-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
nofiad, nofiadau <NOV-yad,
nov-YAA-dai, -de> [ˡnɔvjad, nɔvˡjɑˑdaɪ, -dɛ] (m)
1 swim (act of swimmimg)
ETYMOLOGY: (nofi- = root of nofio = to swim) + (--ad = abstract-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
nofiadwr, nofiadwyr <nov-YAAD-ur,
nov-YAD-wir> [nɔvˡjɑˑdʊr, nɔvˡjɑdwɪr] (m)
1 (south-east Wales) swimmer (in the form neifatwr <nei-VAAT-ur> [nəɪˡvɑˑtʊr]
ETYMOLOGY: (nofiad = a swim) + (-wr =
agent-noun suffix, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
nofiadwraig, nofiadwragedd <nov-YAD-wraig,
-YAD-reg, nov-yad-WRAA-gedh> [nɔvˡjadwraɪg, nɔvˡjadrɛg, nɔvjadˡwrɑˑgɛð] (f)
1 (south-east
Wales) swimmer (female) (in the form neifatrig <nei-VAT-rig> [nɔɪˡvɑˑtrɪg]
ETYMOLOGY: (nofiad = a swim) + (-wraig =
agent-noun suffix, ‘woman’)
:_______________________________.
nofiadwy <nov-YAD-ui> [nɔvˡjaduɪ] (adj)
1 swimmable
ETYMOLOGY: (nofi- = root of nofio = to swim) + (-adwy = adjectival suffix indicating ability)
:_______________________________.
nofio <NOV-yo> [ˡnɔvjɔ] (verb)
1 to swim
nofio fel ci (verb) doggie paddle, do the doggie paddle
2 float
nofio ar eich cefn float on your back
Erbyn hyn yr oedd y llanw wedi cyrraedd y wal ac yr oedd y cwch yn nofio
By now the tide had reached the wall and the boat was floating
Roedd ei focs pren yn nofio ar wyneb y môr gerllaw’r lanfa
His wooden box was floating on the surface of the sea near the jetty
Yr oedd y lleuad fel pe bai yn nofio yn yr wybren
The moon was as if it were floating in the sky
(vt) Yr arfer oedd nofio'r coed ar yr afonydd i lawr i'r Bermo
It was the practice to float the trees on the rivers down to Y Bermo
3 float (in the air)
4 float = (of image appearing in the mind)
Caeodd ei lygaid a nofiodd wyneb Efan Morgan o'i flaen.
He closed his eyes and the face of Efan Morgan flaoted before him
5 nofio wrth angor ride at anchor
6 'float' (said of the moon)
Yng nghyffiniau Llanrwst ymholiad cyffredin am y lleuad newydd yw 'wnaiff hi
nofio?’ oherwydd pan fo'r lleuad newydd
ar ei chefn fel cwch, yna bydd yn lleuad sych. Llafar Gwlad 25 Haf 1989
In the district of Llan-rwst a common question about the new moon is ‘will she
float?’ because when the new moon is on its back like a boat it will be a dry
moon.
7 swim = be immersed in a liquid ENG-Z
crempog yn nofio mewn ymenyn
a crumpet swimming in butter
8 arnofio float
9 gwisg nofio bathing
suit, swimsuit
pwll nofio swimming pool
ETYMOLOGY: (nawf ) + (-i-o = verb suffix)
From the same British root: Breton neuñviñ (= to swim)
From the same Celtic root: Irish snámh (= to swim)
South Wales: moifad, oifad; mofiad, ofiad
(South-east Wales: meifad, myneifad)
:_______________________________.
nofio ci <NOV-yo
KII> [ˡnɔvjɔ kiː] (m)
1 doggie paddle
ETYMOLOGY: ‘swimming
(of) dog’ (nofio = swimming) + (ci = dog)
:_______________________________.
nofio Gwy a boddi yng Nghonwy <NOV-yo GUI aa BOO-dhi ə NGHON-ui> [ˡnɔvjɔ ˡguɪ aa ˡboːðɪ ə ˡŋhɔnuɪ]
1 (saying) swim the Gwy / Wye river and drown in the Conwy river - to do
a difficult task successfully only to come to grief when doing something not as
difficult
Wedi tridiau, gadawsom y Ffynhonnau, ys dywed pobl Morgannwg, a ffwrdd â ni
drwy ddyffryn prydferth Wysg lân, ac i lawr tuag at Hirwaun, y Rhigos, a thros
y mynydd i Dreorci... Dau beth yn dod i'm cof ar y daith: yr hen
ddihareb"Nofio Gwy a boddi yng Nghonwy," a hanes Dic Penderyn
t104 Seneddwr ar Dramp Rhys J Davies 1935
After three days we left the ‘spa (country)’, as the people of Morgannwg
/ Glamorgan call it, and off we went through the pretty valley of the fair Gwy
/ Wye river, and down to Hirwaun, Y Rugos, and over the mountain to Treorci.
Two things came to mind on that trip: the old saying “Swim the Gwy / Wye river
and drown in the Conwy river”, and the story of Dic Penderyn.
ETYMOLOGY: (nofio = swimming) + (Gwy = (river
name) English: Wye) + (a = and) + (boddi = drowning) + (yng = in) +
nasal mutation + (Conwy =
river name)
:_______________________________.
nofio rhwng deuddwr <NOV-yo hrung DEI-dhur> [ˡnɔvjɔ hrʊŋ ˡdəɪðʊr]
1 sit on the fence = avoid making a decision to support one of two opposing
factions, or to choose from among possible courses of action
ETYMOLOGY: ’swim
between two waters / streams / currents’ (nofio =
swimming) + (rhwng = between) + (deuddwr = two waters, deu- = two +
soft mutation + dŵr = water)
:_______________________________.
nofiwr
<NOV-yur> [ˡnɔvjʊr]
PLURAL: nofiwr <NOV-wir> [ˡnɔvwɪr]
1 swimmer
nofiwr tanddwr (‘underwater swimmer’)
frogman
ETYMOLOGY: (nofi- = root of nofio = to swim) + (-wr = agent-noun suffix, ‘man’)
:_______________________________.
nofwraig, nofwragedd <NOV-wraig,
-reg, nov-WRAA-gedh> [ˡnɔvwraɪg, ˡnɔvwrɛg,
nɔvˡwrɑˑgɛð] (f)
1 swimmer (female)
ETYMOLOGY: (nofi- = root of nofio = to swim) + (-wraig = agent-noun suffix, ‘woman’)
:_______________________________.
nog <NOOG> [noːg]
1 (= nag) than
Ond y cynhyrfiad penaf idd y llinellau hyn ydyw - nad ydynt yn gosod
enwau cyntaf Cymreig àr eu plant. Eu rheswm
pènaf, ysgatfydd, yw, am nad yw eu cymdogion yn gwneuthur felly: ond dylent
gofiaw yr hên ddiareb wiw Gymreig, mai "Deuparth gwaith yw dechreu".
Er anffured y Cymry, nid wyf am eu cyfrif mor ddrelaidd ag i feddwl eu bod yn
tybied yr enwau Sacsonaidd, Hebreaidd, &c., yn harddach nog yr enwau Cymreig, ond
ei fod yn gyfrifiadwy idd y rheswm a roddwyd uchod; ond gobeithiaf yn awr y
gwellâant {sic} yr hyn drachefn, màl y gwnaethant mewn rhai pethau oddiar
gyfodiad eich SEREN gain.
Seren Gomer 1823
{But what spurred me the most to write these lines ('the greatest excitation
for these lines') - is that they don't give their children Welsh first names. Their main reason, maybe,
is that their neighbours don't do so: but they should remember the splendid old
Welsh saying, "Deuparth gwaith yw dechreu". ('Two thirds of a job is
beginning' - beginning is half a job done). But though the Welsh people are so
unwise, I don't consider them so foolish as to think that the Saxon, Hebrew,
etc names are more attractive than Welsh names, but that it is due to the
reason given above. But I hope that now they will improve the thing again, as
they do in some things since the rising of your fair SEREN (= "star"
- Seren Gomer, (= 'Star of Gomer', 'Gomer's star', the name of the magazine
founded in 1814 by Joseph Harris, whose by-name was 'Gomer')
:_______________________________.
nòg <NOG> [nɔg] (m)
1 jibbing, stalling; disobedience, stubbornness
Ro’dd rhyw nog yn y ceffyl (WVBD)
The horse acted stubbornly
ETYMOLOGY: unknown
:_______________________________.
nogiaid
<NOG-yaid, -yed> [ˡnɔgjaɪd, ˡnɔgjɛd] (m)
1 (Arfon, Gwynedd) cupful (as nogiad)
isio rhoi nogiad o wisgi'n ei beint cwrw
wanting to put a cupful of whisk(e)y in his pint of beer
ETYMOLOGY: (nog- < nogyn < English noggin = small cup; measure
equivalent to a quarter of a pint) + (-i-aid = noun suffix, ‘capacity’, amount contained)
:_______________________________.
nogio <NOG-yo> [ˡnɔgjɔ] (v)
1 (North Wales) (horse), jib, balk; stand and refuse to move
Pan oeddynt gyferbyn â thŷ Siôn Ifan nogiodd y ceffyl ac er i'r hen
frawd weiddi, ni symudai gam
When they were opposite Siôn Ifan’s house the horse stalled and wouldn’t
move (“wouldn’t move a step”)
2 (fire) not take
Mae'r tân yn nogio The fire isn’t taking, The fire won’t light
3 tire out, fail, tire
In South-east Wales as nogo
Roedd y llanc wedi nogio dim ond hanner awr ar ôl cychwyn mynd i fyny’r
mynydd
The lad was tired only half an hour after starting to go up the mountain
3 (car) stall; (engine) conk out
Nogiodd y car o ddiffyg petrol
The car stopped after running out of petrol
ETYMOLOGY: (nog-) + (-i-o = verb suffix)
:_______________________________.
noglyd <NOG-lid> [ˡnɔglɪd] (adj)
1 (North Wales) jibbing, stubborn, refactory, refusing to cooperate
ETYMOLOGY: (nog = stubbornness) + (-lyd =
adjectival suffix)
:_______________________________.
1 nogyn
<NOO-gin> [ˡnoˑgɪn] (m)
1 noggin = quarter pint
2 (district of Môn) alcoholic drink
3 nogyn wy egg nog, egg flip = heated beer or spirits with a raw
egg added
Translation of English egg nog
ETYMOLOGY: English noggin (unknown origin)
:_______________________________.
2 nogyn <NOO-gin> [ˡnoˑgɪn] (m)
1
large post in a coal mine ENG-Z
ETYMOLOGY: (nòg < Englidh nog) + (diminutive noun suffix -yn)
:_______________________________.
noilin
<NOI-lin> [ˡnoɪlɪn] (adj)
1 (South-west Wales)
second-rate
Dimetian Dialect Part 4; M H Jones April 20 1906; Transactions of the
Carmarthenshire Antiquarian Society
noilin (second-rate)
ETYMOLOGY:
a.. (pre-adjectival particle yn +
oulun)
b.. (yn oulun > noulun / noilin).
c.. Oulun < eulun < eilun (= poor, inexpert (adj) < idol, image
(noun); ail = second, llun = form, picture)
:_______________________________.
nôl <NOOL> [noːl] (adverb)
1 back (come back, etc)
dod yn ôl / dod nôl come back
ETYMOLOGY: nôl < yn ôl (= back), literally “in (the) track”
:_______________________________.
nôl <NOOL> [noːl] (v)
1 fetch ENG-Z
Mi af i nôl peth o'r gegin
I'll go and get some from the kitchen
ETYMOLOGY: verb formed
from the prepoisiton nôl (= back, < yn ôl), probably from the
phrase dod nôl â' (rhywbeth),
dod â (rhywbeth) nôl (= bring something back)
:_______________________________.
nôl a mla’n <NOOL a MLAAN> [ˡnoːl a ˡmlaːn] (v)
1 (South Wales)
ETYMOLOGY: Southern
pronunciation of yn ôl ac ymlaen <ən OOL ac ə-MLAIN> [ən ˡoːl ag əˡmlaɪn]
:_______________________________.
nomad <NOO-mad> [ˡnɔmad] (m)
PLURAL nomadiaid [nɔˡmadjɑɪd, -jɛd]
1 nomad = member of a wandering pastoral community
2 nomad = wanderer, rover
ETYMOLOGY: English nomad < grec nomas, nomados < nemein (= to lead to pasture)
:_______________________________.
nomadaidd [nɔˡmadɑɪð, -dɛð]
1 nomadic
ETYMOLOGY: (nomad = nomad) + (-aidd =
adjectival suffix)
:_______________________________.
nomadiaeth [nɔˡmadɑɪθ, -dɛθ]
1 nomadism
ETYMOLOGY: (nomad = nomad) + (-i-aeth =
abstract-noun suffix)
:_______________________________.
Non <NON> [nɔn] (feminine noun)
1 woman's name; mother of Saint David
Sometimes as Nonn
As a woman's name; often as a second element in a double name:
Lisa Non, Catrin Non
2 In place names
Llan-non
ETYMOLOGY: Non < British
< Church Latin nonna (=
nun, form of address for an old lady) < Latin nana (child’s word for a female adult who is not the
mother)
In Cornish as the name Nonna
:_______________________________.
nonau <NOO-nai, -ne> [ˡnoˑnɑɪ, -nɛ]
1 plural of nawn (= noon)
:_______________________________.
Nonn <NON> [nɔn] (feminine noun)
1 See Non
:_______________________________.
nonsens <NON-sens> [ˡnɔnsɛns] (m)
1 nonsense, foolishness (crap = foolish talk; USA:
horsefeathers, moonshine)
Dyw hynny ond nonsens i gyd
That’s all nonsense
dweud ei hen nonsens wrth bawb
telling everybody her old nonsense
nonsens llwyr complete nonsense
Y nonsens mwyaf anwyddonol yw’r llyfr astroleg hwn
This astrology book is the most unscientific nonsense
ETYMOLOGY: English nonsense
:_______________________________.
Normaneg <nor-MAA-neg> [nɔrˡmɑˑnɛg] (feminine noun, adjective)
Norman language
:_______________________________.
Normaniad, Normaniaid <nor-MAN-yad, nor-MAN-yaid, -yed> [nɔrˡmanjad, nɔrˡmanjɑɪd,
-jɛd] (masculine noun)
(Normaniaid > colloquial
spelling Normanied)
1 Norman
(inhabitant of Normandy)
:_______________________________.
Norseg <NOR-seg> [ˡnɔrsɛg] (feminine noun, adjective)
1 Norse language
:_______________________________.
Norwyeg <no-RUI-eg> [nɔˡrʊɪɛg] (feminine noun, adjective)
1 Norwegian
:_______________________________.
nos, nosau <NOOS, NO-sai, -se> [noːs, ˡnɔsaɪ, -ɛ] (feminine noun)
(nosau > colloquial spelling nose / nosa)
1 night
mynd yn nos get dark (“become night”)
Fe aiff yn nos cyn i ti gyrraedd y llyn os na ei di
nawr It’ll be dark already
(“it will become night”) before you reach the lake if you don’t go now
2 dan lenni’r nos under cover of night
3 gefn
trymedd nos in the
dead of night (“back (of) heaviness (of) night”)
4
(South Wales) cae’r
nos (“night-time
field”, “(the) field (of) the night”) field near a farmhouse where cattle and
sheep are kept during the night
mynd i
gae'r nos go off to
bed, hit the sack (“go to the night-time field”)
5 o fore gwyn tan nos <o VOO-re GWIN tan NOOS> [ɔ voˑrɛ ˡgwɪn tanˡnoːs]
from dawn to dusk
(“from white morning until night”)
bod mor ddall â’r nos be as blind as a bat (“be as blind as the night”)
:_______________________________.
nos da <noos DAA> [noːs dɑː] (phrase)
1 goodnight
nos da i chi goodnight (“a good night to / for you”)
An older greeting nos dawch survives in north-west Wales
nos da ywch (ywch is an old inflected form of the
preposition y, modern Welsh i (= to), meaning “to you”)
nōs dā ywch > nōs dāywch > nōs dā’wch / nōs dāwch
:_______________________________.
nos Fercher <noos VER-kher> [noːs ˡvɛrxɛr] feminine noun
(nos
Fercher > colloquial spelling [north-west, south-east] nos Ferchar)
1 Wednesday night
2 adverb on Wednesday
night
fe ddaeth
e nos Fercher he
came on Wednesday night
3 qualifier Wednesday
night's
cyfarfod
nos Fercher
Wednesday night's meeting, the Wednesday night meeting
:_______________________________.
nos Galan Gaeaf <noos
Ga-lan GEI-a> [noːs ˡgalan ˡgəɪa] feminine noun
1
Hallowe'en, the night before Hallowmas /All Hallow's Day /All Saints' Day;
October 31, the eve of November 1
ETYMOLOGY: (“(the) eve (of the) calend (of) winter”)
(nos = night) + soft mutation + (Calan Gaeaf October 1)
NOTE: Colloquially there is a reduction of (g) + (vowel) + (l), with the vowel
being lost
Nos
Galan Gaeaf > Nos G’langaea / Nos Glangaea
:_______________________________.
noson <NO-son> [ˡnɔsɔn]
PLURAL
nosweithiau <nos-WEITH-yai,
-ye> [nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ,
-jɛ] (feminine noun)
(nosweithiau
> colloquial spelling nosweithie / nosweithia; nosweithe, nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
1 night
Yn Eisteddfod Caernarfon yn 1821 yr oedd y beirdd yn rhannu’r nosweithiau rhwng
dau dafarn – Yr Afr a’r Sein Delyn
In the Caernarfon Eisteddfod in 1821 the poets had sessions on different
evenings in two taverns (“shared the nights between two taverns”) – The Goat
andd the Sign of the Harp
2 y noson ganlynol ‹ə NO son gan LƏ nol› (adv) the following night
:_______________________________.
noson lawen <NO-son LAU-en> [ˡnɔsɔn ˡlaʊɛn]
PLURAL nosweithiau
llawen <nos-WEITH-yai, -ye,
LHAU-en> [nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ,
-jɛ ˡɬaʊɛn]
(noson
lawen > colloquial spelling [north-west, south-east] noson lawan)
1 ceilidh; 'merry night', originally a gathering
for singing and relating stories and jokes after a day's work; an event based
on this with singers and comedians in front of an audience
:_______________________________.
noswaith, nosweithiau <NOS-waith, -weth, nos-WEITH-yai,
-ye> [nɔswaɪθ, -wɛθ, nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ,
-jɛ] (feminine noun)
(noswaith > colloquial spelling nosweth / noswath)
(nosweithiau > colloquial
spelling nosweithie
/ nosweithia; nosweithe, nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
noswithiau is also the plural of noson
1 evening
:_______________________________.
noswaith dda <NOS-waith,
-weth,DHAA> [noːswaɪθ, -wɛθ, ðɑː] (phrase)
(noswaith dda > colloquial
spelling nosweth
dda / noswath dda)
1 good evening
:_______________________________.
nosweithiau <nos-WEITH-yai, -ye> [ nɔsˡwəɪθjaɪ, -jɛ] (plural noun)
(nosweithiau > colloquial
spelling nosweithie
/ nosweithia; nosweithe, nosweitha, noswithe, noswitha)
1 evenings; plural of noswaith <NOS-waith, -weth> [noːswaɪθ, -wɛθ]
:_______________________________.
nos Wener <noos WEE-ner> [noːs ˡweˑnɛr] (feminine noun)
(nos Wener > colloquial
spelling [north-west, south-east] nos Wenar)
1 Friday night
:_______________________________.
noswyl, noswyliau <NOS-uil,-nos-UIL-yai, -ye> [ˡnɔsʊɪl, nɔsˡʊɪljaɪ,
-ɛ] (feminine noun)
1 rest after a day's work, night off
cael
noswyl ar ôl chwech finish
work at six
amser
noswyl (adv) at the
end of the working day
ETYMOLOGY: (nos = night) + soft mutation + (gwyl = feastday)
:_______________________________.
noswyl Galan <no-suil
GAA-lan> [ˡnɔsʊɪl ˡgɑˑlan] (feminine noun) (31 December)
1 New Year's Eve
:_______________________________.
nos Ystwyll <noos Ə-stuilh> [noːs
ˡəstʊɪɬ] (feminine
noun)
1 evening of Twelfth Day, evening of the day of Epiphany (January
6); night of the last day of the Twelve Days of Christmas, the night when all
Christmas decorations should be removed
:_______________________________.
nouadd <NOU-adh> [ˡnɔʊað] masculine noun
1 a southern form
which preserves the older pronunciation of neuadd (= hall)
Although the general rule in writing place names is to use the classical form, in many cases the
local pronunciation of neuadd is indicated on maps, as noyadd (a
common misspelling; the ‘y’ is the influence of an English spelling convention)
(delwedd 7313)
..a/ Nouaddwilym (on maps as “Noyadd Wilym”) SN2044
Llangoedmor, south-east of Aberteifi, between that town and Llechryd.
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/447774
..b/ Y Nouadd (on maps as “Noyadd”) Farm SO0761 north-east of Llandrindod
In Llandrindod there is a street called “Noyadd Close”, named presumably for the nearby farm;
the street name would be Clos y Nouadd in Welsh
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/752628
Curiously, nearby, at SO0961 three miles east of Llandrindod, there is a farm
called Neuadd
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/154379
Neuadd
..c/ Y Nouadd (on maps as “Noyadd”), Llangynfelyn, Ceredigion (occupier Thomas
Roberts, in a 1798 Land tax assessment) (is this Neuaddyrynys (“Neuadd yr ynys”
on the map) SN6392, east of Llangynfelyn?
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/10587
..d/ Y Nouadd (on maps as “Noyadd”), place in Eglwyswrw (Sir Benfro)
..e/ Y Neuadd-fawr A mansion (existing?) a mile north of Cil-y-cwm SN7539, below Mynydd Mallaen, apparently known locally as Nouadd
“Miss Johnes of Dolau
Cothi in a letter dated 22 January 1831, writes 'Captain
Davies of Noyadd
died yesterday morn. at 10 o'clock. His loss will be felt
in that
neighbourhood as he must have employed many hands. The folly of
building that large
mansion appears now too obvious; he involved himself
without even the
hope of a successor to keep it up'.”
Quote
from Rootsweb, http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/DYFED/1998-12/0914077557
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/539879 Tafarn y
Neuadd-fawr, Cil-y-Cwm
..f/ Cleirwy SO2143. Name of a farm near the village.
Y Nouadd Uchaf (on maps as “Upper Noyadd”)
..g/ SN2546 Nouadd Tre-fawr (on maps as “Noyadd Trefawr”) (Ceredigion)
north of Llandygwydd and south of Blaen-porth
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SN2546
..h/ Y Nouadd Place in Merthyrcynog
Enumerator's description from the 1871 Census:
“The whole division of Yskirfechan from the Cross Keys Public House of Merthyr
Cynog to Pontfaen; and from Pontfaen to Alltcerig, and to Pant Farm House, and
to Pentwyn Farm House and to Bailey Richard, crossing the river Yskirfechan to
Car Farm house, adjoining Llanfihangel nant Bran parish and to Blaangwy Farm
house and to Noyadd
farm house.”
..h/ Coed y Nouadd SO3031 (on maps as “Noyadd Wood”), Llanfeuno,
Herefordshire, England
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/73938
..i/ Y Nouadd farm in Llanddewi’r Cwm, Powys, near Llanfair ym Muallt / Builth Wells
(on maps as “Noyadd Farm”)
..j/ Y Nouadd, between Garnant and Blaenaman (“Noyadd Road Crossing [signal] Box on
the Brynamman West [railway line]”, referred to in http://www.tytwp.plus.com/Waun/LocalRailways.html
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/208806
Garnant
..k/ Y Neuadd, SN9566, by Afon Elan, west of Rhaeadr-gwy
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SN9566
Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust, “The Elan Valley: Deuddwr. Llanwrthwl and Rhayader Communities, Powys”: http://www.cpat.org.uk/projects/longer/histland/elan/1139.htm
“The later 16th to later 18th centuries
saw the growth of a number of landed estates based upon the gentry properties
at Rhydoldog, Noyadd,
Dderw and Gwardolau, which between them owned much of the land in the area and
which spearheaded the introduction of a number of agricultural improvements.”
Historic Landscape Characterisation
..l/ Y Nouadd, Bochrwd,
Powys.
“An estate called the Noyadd, in this parish, remained for centuries in the
possession of the Whitney family, obtained originally by the marriage of Hugh
Whitney, Esq., of Whitney Court, in the county of Hereford, with Catherine
daughter of William Vaughan, Esq., of Maeslough in the parish of Clasbury.”
Williams, Jonathan. The History of Radnorshire. Rhayader / Rhaeadr-gwy, 1859
Also (not on the above map)
Y Nouadd-lwyd (Census 1841, 1851,
1861) (Now simply (Y) Neuadd) in
The Place-names of Devynock Hundred
III / R. F. Peter-Powell / Brycheiniog Vol. 23 (1988/1989) t. 89
:_______________________________.
Now <NOU> [nɔʊ] masculine noun
1 familiar form for
Owen
Edward
Owen (Tedi Now)
(article by Mair Jones, Llafar Gwlad Rhif 55, Gwanwyn (= spring) 1997, about a
farm labourer (d. 1976) who lived in Abercywarch, Dinas Mawddwy)
ETYMOLOGY: (n prefix, from yn = my) + (ow-, first
syllable of the name Owen)
:_______________________________.
noyadd <NOU-adh> [ˡnɔʊað] masculine noun
1 a misspelling on
English-language maps for nouadd, a southern form which preserves the older pronunciation of neuadd (=
hall)
:_______________________________.
nuddo / ’nuddo <NII-dho> [ˡniˑðɔ] v
(South-east Wales)
1
A form of anhuddo (fire) to bank [a fire] , to cover [a
fire] ,
to damp down [a fire] , to rake up [a
fire]
i.e. to cover it with ashes or fuel at night to cause it to burn slowly and
last until the morning,
anhuddo’r tân / ’nhuddo’r tân / ’nuddo’r tân bank up the fire
Colloquially the first syllable is lost anhuddo > ’nhuddo, and this is the form in other parts of Wales In The south-east,
traditionally colloquially h is generally lost in a word anhuddo > anuddo > ’nuddo
:_______________________________.
’nunlle <NIN-lhe> [ˡnɪnɬɛ] adverb
1 (North Wales) nowhere
-Ble
buost ti? -’Nunlle
-Where’ve you been? -Nowhere
ETYMOLOGY: Contraction of (nid) yn unlle “not in any-place”
:_______________________________.
nwncwl <NUN-kul> [ˡnʊŋkʊl] (m)
1 uncle (a vocative
form of wncwl, from English uncle, or used as a title followed by
a personal name)
Nwncwl Wiliam Uncle William
ETYMOLOGY: Possibly formed in Welsh
from (n = my) + (wncwl)
However, it might
be a straight English borrowing, since nuncle exists or has existed in
English, where it is nuncle = (mi)n(e) uncle from mine uncle “my
uncle”
English
NOTE: Nuncle. s. An uncle. (In: ‘Glossary of words commonly
used in the County of Somerset; but which are not accepted as legitimate words
of the English language; or words which, although once used generally, are now
become provincial.’ This is a section of the book ‘Observations on some of the
dialects in the West of England particularly with a glossary of words now in
use there; and poems and other pieces, exemplifying the dialect. By James
Jennings, Honorary Secretary of the Metropolitan Library Institution, London’.
London, 1825.)
:_______________________________.
nwy <NUI> [nʊɪ] masculine noun
PLURAL nwyon <NUI-on> [ˡnʊɪˡɔn]
1 gas = a substance
like air which does not become a liquid or solid when at its normal temperature
2 gas = a substance like air which is the result of high temperature
being applied to certain liquids or solids
3 gaseous substance ignited to provide heat and light
cylch
nwy gas ring
diffodd
y nwy turn off the gas
ffwrn
nwy (American: gas
stove) (Englandic: gas cooker)
golau
nwy gas light
goleuni
nwy gas lighting
gosodwr
nwy gas fitter,
person who installs equipment which uses gas as a fuel
llosgwr
nwy gas burner
lamp
nwy gas lamp
mesurydd
nwy gas meter
motor
nwy gas engine
nwy glo coal gas
offer
nwy gas fittings,
equipment which uses gas as a fuel
prif
beipen nwy gas
mains, main gas pipe
rhoi’r
nwy turn on the gas
tân nwy
gas fire
tanc
nwy gas holder
twymydd
nwy gas heater
tyrbin
nwy gas turbine
4 gaseous substance used to incapacitate or kill
gwenwyno
(rhywun) â nwy to
gas (someone)
mwgwd
nwy gas mask
nwy
dagrau tear gas
nwy
gwenwynig poisonous
gas, poison gas
siamber
nwy gas chamber
5 nwyglos
gasproof
6 cael
nwy be gassed
7 nwy-oeredig
gas-cooled
ETYMOLOGY: A word coined by the lexicographer Caerfallwch (Thomas Edwards,
1779-1858), apparently with the meaning of “pervasive fluid” with the following
derivation:
1. ny- a fanciful prefix found in William
Owen-Pughe's dictionary “that is spreading, pervasive, or universal”)
2. + soft mutation
3: + (gwy - another fanciful word, again from
Owen-Pughe's dictionary, “a fluid, or liquid; water”)
(ny- + gwy) > (ny-wy) > (n’-wy, nwy)
:_______________________________.
nwy <NUI> [nʊɪ] numeral
1 nasal mutation of
dwy = two
fy nwy
chwaer = my two
sisters
:_______________________________.
nwydd, nwyddau <NUIDH,
NUI-dhe> [nʊɪð, ˡnʊɪðaɪ,
-ɛ] (masculine or plural noun)
1 product
2
nwyddau goods,
merchandise
cludwr nwyddau haulage contractor,
haulier
NOTE: Some Points of
Similarity in the Phonology of Welsh and Breton,
T.H. Parry-Williams, 1913
In W[elsh], however, the interchange of f and dd is quite common, especially
in the dial[ect]s…
One example given of the change dd >
f is nwyddau
(goods) > nwyfau
:_______________________________.
nwyddau <NUI-dhai, -e> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ] (plural noun)
1 goods
See nwydd
:_______________________________.
nwyddau lladrad <NUI-dhai,
-e, LHA-drad> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡɬadrad] plural noun
1 stolen goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (lladrad = stolen, root of lladrata =
to steal)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau moeth <NUI-dhai, -e, MOITH> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ, mɔɪθ] plural noun
1 luxury goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (moeth = luxury)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau para <NUI-dhai, -e, PAA-ra> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ, pɑˑˡra] plural noun
1 non-perishable
goods, durable goods
ETYMOLOGY: “goods (of) lasting” (nwyddau =
goods) + (para = to last)
:_______________________________.
nwyddau rhedeg <NUI-dhai, -e, HREE-deg> [ˡnʊɪðaɪ, -ɛ, ˡhreˑdɛg] plural noun
1 (obsolete)
smuggled goods
ETYMOLOGY: (nwyddau = goods) + (rhedeg verbnoun used as a past participle “which have been run / smuggled” –
from rhedeg running / smuggling; to run / to
smuggle)
Cf English ‘gun-running’ = smuggling guns
:_______________________________.
nychlyd <NƏKH-lid> [ˡnəxlɪd] adjective
1 debilitating
gwaeledd
nychlyd
debilitating disease
2 sickly
ETYMOLOGY: (nych- root of nychu = languish) + (-lyd suffix
for forming adjectives)
:_______________________________.
nyfed <NƏ-ved> [ˡnəvɛd] masculine noun
1 (obsolete) sacred
grove
2 The British word nemet-on, from
which the Welsh word derives, occurs incorporated in at least one modern Welsh
name. In Britain it is also to be seen in some Roman names of British origin,
and in some English place names of British origin.
(1) county of Devon, England: In the name Nympton; the Nymptons form a cluster of villages south of South Molton, 20km
south-east of Barnstaple
…….(a) Bishop's Nympton SS7523
…….(b) King’s Nympton SS6819
…….(c) George Nympton S7023
(2) county of Devon, England: as Nymet, which
has given rise to the names of two neighbouring villages, Nymet Rowland and
Nymet Tracy.
……. (a) Nymet Rowland SS7108, by the river Taw, 15km south
of Bishop’s Nympton, on the road from Exeter to Barnstaple, 35km
south-south-east of Barnstaple and 30km north-west of Exeter.
……. (b) Nymet Tracy SS7200 at a distance of 8km to the
south of Nymet Rowland
This ‘Nymet’ may be the same ‘nemeton’
referred to in the Roman settlement name Nemetostatio, which is possibly nearby North Tawton SS6601 between Okehampton and
Exeter, 8km east of Nymet Tracy (Latin statio = halting place, guard post,
station).
(3) Gloucestershire, England: as the element nymp- in Nympsfield SO8000 (5km west of Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire).
Also in Gloucestershire, the Roman site “Nemetambala” may be Lydney
SO6203, on the western side of the River Wye.
(4) ST9260 Nempnett Thrubwell, Somerset, north-east of Blagdon
http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/560587
(5) Medionemeton 'the
middle sacred grove'. This may be Cairnpapple Hill NS9871, 4km north of
Bathgate, Scotland; or the Roman fort at Auchendavy NS6774, east of Lenzie, Glasgow
(6) British *vernemeton
(= great sacred
grove), corresponding to modern Welsh elements (gwor- suffix = great) + (nyfed sacred
grove), is found in the following names -
……. (a) Vernemetum: a Roman settlement where today
stands the village of Willoughby-on-the-Wolds SK6325, on the Fosse Way, 13km
north-west of Melton Mowbray, and south-south-east of Nottingham, between
Leicester and Newark-on-Trent.
……. (b) In Wales *vernemeton
is found as Gwernyfed SO1737, a village in Powys (in the
part which was formerly the county of Brycheiniog), by Aberllynfi.
(7) *Arnemeton (= place facing the sacred grove), from which came
the name of a goddess Arnemetia “(female) of Arnemeton”, found in the name of
the Roman settlement Aquae Arnemetiae (“waters (of) Arnemetia”). On
the site of this settlement is modern-day Buxton SK0673 in Derbyshire, England.
(The place name in modern Welsh would be *Ernyfed, but no place with such a name exists or
previously existed in Wales itself)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/SK0673
Buxton
(delwedd 7512)
3 as an element in Gaulish places:
(1) “Augustonemetum Arvernorum”
(now Clarmont d’Auvernha in Occitania) (French name: Clermont-Ferrand)
(2) “Vernemetis” (now Caumont, Occitania) (French name:
Caumont-sur-Garonne)
The German town of Speyer was known in Romas times as Civitas Nemetum or
Noviomagus Nemetum. The Nemeti were a Germano-Celtic tribe, and seem to have
taken their name from the goddess Nemetona, venerated in this area of eastern
Gaul. Her name is based on Gaulish *nemeto-
(delwedd 7576)
ETYMOLOGY: British nemet-on (= sacred grove). It is found in these words in the other Celtic
languages:
Gaulish kambo-nemet-on
(= curved sacred
grove)
Cornish kamnevez (= rainbow, literally curved sacred grove),
Breton kanevedenn (= rainbow, literally curved sacred grove),
(Gaulish kamb-, Cornish kamm, Breton kamm = bent, crooked, curved)
Irish neimheadh (= sanctuary; status / person with
status; holy object)
Also compare Latin nemus (=
wood, grove; grove dedicated to a deity)
Also compare Welsh neuadd (= hall).
This may possibly come from an earlier form *neuaf
Thus: *nem[et]- or a
similar form
> (showing the consonants only) British n-m [n-m]
> Welsh
n-f [n-v]
> n-dd [n-ð]
The change f [v] > dd [ð] is found in modern Welsh in south-eastern
Wales in the place names
..a/ Caer-dyf
(which gave Cardiff in English), which later became Caer-dydd in Welsh; and
..b/ Pen-isa’r-plwyf
(lower end of the parish), a farm name which is found on maps (see the entry f > dd, page F) as Pen isa’r plwydd
:_______________________________.
nyfytwch <nə-VƏ-tukh> [nəˡvətʊx] masculine noun
1 (South-east
Wales) dirt, filth
2 (food) disgusting mess, crap
ETYMOLOGY: nyfytwch < anhyfrydwch (= something disagreeable, unpleasantness)
(an- = negative prefix) + (hyfrydwch = something
agreeable, pleasantness). If this is the origin of the word, the changes are
(though not necessarily in this order)
(1) nh > n loss of aspiration, again a typical feature of the language of the
south-east
anhyfrydwch
> anyfrydwch
(2) loss of the first syllable (a
characteristic phenomenon in Wesh)
anyfrydwch
> ’nyfrydwch
(3) the change d > t (the unvoicing of the consonant at the beginning of a final syllable is
typical of the language of the south-east)
nyfrydwch
> nyfrytwch
(4) loss of the ‘r’ (an usual feature, though not unknown)
nyfrytwch > nyf’ytwch
:_______________________________.
nyget <NƏ-get> [ˡnəgɛt] masculine noun
1 nougat = nuts or
pieces of dried fruit pieces in a hard sugar paste
ETYMOLOGY: English nougat <NUU-gət> [ˡnuːgət] < French <
Occitan nogat < noga (= walnut) < Latin nux (= nut)
:_______________________________.
nyrs <NƏRS> [nərs] feminine noun
PLURAL nyrsiau, nyrsis <NƏRS-yai,
-ye,-NƏR-sus> [ˡnərsjaɪ, -ɛ, ˡnərsɪs]
1
nurse
2
nurse as a title
Bu Nyrs Huws yn byw yn y Wenallt Nurse Huws lived in the
Wenallt
3
nursery = place where young trees are raised; plantation
Safai yr hen Wenallt mewn pantle, rhwng y fan y saif y Wenallt presenol
a'r llwyn o goed a elwir Nyrs Fachddeiliog, yn ymyl hen orsaf ffordd haiarn y
Bala.
Adgofion Andronicus (= John William Jones, Y Bala, 1842-1895) (“the
remeniscences of Andronicus”). Cyhoeddwyd / Published: Caernarfon 1894 t24
The old Wenallt (farmhouse) stood in a hollow, between the place where the
present Wenallt stands and a wood which was called Fachddeiliog Nursery, next
to the old railway station in Y Bala
Pan oeddwn i yn fachgen tyfai nyrs o goed pin yr ochr arall i'r cwm...
meithrinfa i goed pinwydd cyn eu trawsblannu hyd a lled erwau Cymry Y Faner 21 06 91
When I was a lad there was (“there grew”) a nursery of pine trees on the other
side of the valley... a nursery for pine trees before they were transplanted
the length and breadth of the Welsh countryside (“of the acres of Wales”)
SH8932 Nyrs Cae
Seren, North of Glan-llyn on the shore of Llyn Tegid.
Cae Seren seems to
be (the) field (of) Seren (= a star), and possibly the name of a horse. Thus
‘the plantation at Cae Seren’. Spelt on the O.S. map as ‘Nurse Cae-seren’
ETYMOLOGY: Welsh nyrs < English nurse <
norice < French norice (in modern French nourrice =
childminder, wetnurse) < Latin nûtrîcia (feminine adjective; ‘nourishing, that nourishes; suckling’) < nûtrîcius (masculine adjective; ‘nourishing, that nourishes’) < nûtrix (genitive form nutricis) (= wet nurse) < nûtrîre (= to nourish, suckle, give suck to)
:_______________________________.
nyrsiwr, nyrswyr <NƏRS-yur,
NƏRS-wir> [ˡnərsjʊr, ˡnərswɪr] (masculine noun)
1 male nurse
:_______________________________.
nyrsio <NƏRS-yo> [ˡnərsjɔ] (verb)
1 to nurse
:_______________________________.
nyten PLURAL nytiau <NƏ-ten,
NƏT-yai, -ye> [ˡnətɛn, ˡnətjaɪ,
-jɛ] (feminine noun)
1 nut
2 nyten
adeiniog ‹NƏ
ten a DEIN yog› wingnut
3 nyten asgellog wingnut
:_______________________________.
nyth, nythod <NIITH,
NƏ-thod> [niːθ, ˡnəθɔð] (feminine noun)
1 nest
adeiladu
nyth build a nest
torri nyth (“break
(a) nest”) rob a nest
Efe oedd wedi torri nyth Robin Goch. He was the one who took the eggs from the
nest of Robin Redbreast.
NOTE: In the English
dialect of Llanidloes:
BREAK A NEST, to rob
it. (Parochial Account of Llanidloes / Edward Hamer / Chapter X / Folk-lore.
Page 282 Collections Historical and Archeological Relating to Montgomeryshire
and its Borders / 1877
2 tin y nyth the youngest child in a family, the benjamin “(the one who is in) (the) arse
/ bottom (of) of the nest”, that is, “(the one who is at) (the) very bottom
(of) the nest”
tin y nyth o saith o blant he was the youngest of seven
children, he was the benjamin of seven children
3 Nyth-ni, Nyth Ni (house name) our nest
Name of a house in Llandrillo (apparently spelt as “Nythni”)
:_______________________________.
nytha <NƏ-tha> [ˡnəθa] (verb)
1 to go nesting = collect nests, rob nests
:_______________________________.
Nyth-frân <niith VRAAN> [niːθ ˡvrɑːn] (verb)
See Nyth-y-frân
:_______________________________.
Nyth-brân <niith BRAAN> [niːθ ˡbrɑːn] (verb)
See Nyth-y-frân
:_______________________________.
nythle <NƏTH-le> [ˡnəθlɛ] masculine noun
PLURAL nythleoedd <nəth-LEE-oidh, -odh> [nəθˡleˑɔɪð, -ɔð]
1 nest, nesting
place
2 pigeonhole, place for a pigeon to make its nest
3 nest = snug place, place of retreat
4 den, lair = hideout for a gang; haunt
Nythle
smyglers oedd y Ceinewydd slawer dydd
Ceinewydd was a haunt of smugglers in the past
ETYMOLOGY: (nyth-, penultimate form of nyth = nest) + soft mutation + (lle = place)
:_______________________________.
nythu <NƏ-thi> [ˡnəθɪ] (verb)
1 to nest
ETYMOLOGY: (nyth-, penultimate form of nyth = nest)
+ (-u = suffix for forming verbs)
:_______________________________.
Nyth-y-frân <niith ə VRAAN> [niːθ ə ˡvrɑːn] (verb)
1 Nyth-frân house
name, Glanyfferi, Caerfyrddin
2 Nyth-brân
..a/ house in Rhondda Cynon Taf, by Y Porth (“Nyth Bran
House”)
http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/ST0391
map
..b/ house in Tre-saith
3 Nyth y Frân a series of articles written under this
heading by Unitarian minister William James of Pont-shân, Ceredigion (1848-1907) in Yr Ymofynydd
4 Nyth-y-frân house i
Aber-soch
5 The place name Ravensnest Wood ST5099 at The Cot,
east of Dindyrn / Tintern could possibly be a direct transation of a Welsh name
Nyth y Frân
ETYMOLOGY: nyth
y frân “(the) nest (of) the raven”, “the raven’s nest”
(nyth =
nest) + (y definite article) + soft mutation + (bràn =
crow; raven)
NOTE: the linking definite article is often omitted in place names, thus nyth
y frân > nyth frân.
The form Nyth-brân is
anomalous – as it stands it means “Brân’s nest”. It must have been Nyth-frân at
an earlier date, and for some reason the soft mutation was lost; perhaps it was
reinterpreted as “y nyth brân” instead of “nyth y frân”
DIWEDD / END
---------------------
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur_cymraeg_saesneg_BAEDD_n_1047e.htm
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Weə(r) àm ai? Yùu àa(r) víziting ə
peij fròm dhə "CYMRU-CATALONIA" (= Weilz-Katəlóuniə) Wébsait
CYMRU-CATALONIA
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